PMID- 36373988

OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20221115
LR - 20250623
IS - 1469-493X (Electronic)
IS - 1361-6137 (Linking)
VI - 11
IP - 11
DP - 2022 Nov 14
TI - Skin care interventions in infants for preventing eczema and food allergy.
PG - CD013534
LID - 10.1002/14651858.CD013534.pub3 [doi]
LID - CD013534
AB - BACKGROUND: Eczema and food allergy are common health conditions that usually
begin in early childhood and often occur in the same people. They can be
associated with an impaired skin barrier in early infancy. It is unclear
whether
trying to prevent or reverse an impaired skin barrier soon after birth
is effective for preventing eczema or food allergy. OBJECTIVES: Primary
objective
To assess the effects of skin care interventions such as emollients for
primary
prevention of eczema and food allergy in infants. Secondary objective To
identify
features of study populations such as age, hereditary risk, and adherence to
interventions that are associated with the greatest treatment benefit or harm
for
both eczema and food allergy. SEARCH METHODS: We performed an updated search
of
the Cochrane Skin Specialised Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and Embase in
September
2021. We searched two trials registers in July 2021. We checked the reference
lists of included studies and relevant systematic reviews, and scanned
conference
proceedings to identify further references to relevant randomised controlled
trials (RCTs). SELECTION CRITERIA: We included RCTs of skin care
interventions
that could potentially enhance skin barrier function, reduce dryness, or
reduce
subclinical inflammation in healthy term (> 37 weeks) infants (≤ 12
months)
without pre-existing eczema, food allergy, or other skin condition. Eligible
comparisons were standard care in the locality or no treatment. Types of skin
care interventions could include moisturisers/emollients; bathing products;
advice regarding reducing soap exposure and bathing frequency; and use of
water
softeners. No minimum follow-up was required. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS:
This
is a prospective individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis. We used
standard Cochrane methodological procedures, and primary analyses used the
IPD
dataset. Primary outcomes were cumulative incidence of eczema and cumulative
incidence of immunoglobulin (Ig)E-mediated food allergy by one to three
years,
both measured at the closest available time point to two years. Secondary
outcomes included adverse events during the intervention period; eczema
severity
(clinician-assessed); parent report of eczema severity; time to onset of
eczema;
parent report of immediate food allergy; and allergic sensitisation to food
or
inhalant allergen. MAIN RESULTS: We identified 33 RCTs comprising
25,827 participants. Of these, 17 studies randomising 5823 participants
reported
information on one or more outcomes specified in this review. We included 11
studies, randomising 5217 participants, in one or more meta-analyses (range 2
to
9 studies per individual meta-analysis), with 10 of these studies providing
IPD;
the remaining 6 studies were included in the narrative results only. Most
studies were conducted at children's hospitals. Twenty-five studies,
including
all those contributing data to meta-analyses, randomised newborns up to age
three
weeks to receive a skin care intervention or standard infant skin care. Eight
of
the 11 studies contributing to meta-analyses recruited infants at high risk
of
developing eczema or food allergy, although the definition of high risk
varied
between studies. Durations of intervention and follow-up ranged from 24 hours
to
three years. All interventions were compared against no skin care
intervention or
local standard care. Of the 17 studies that reported information on our
prespecified outcomes, 13 assessed emollients. We assessed most of the
evidence
in the review as low certainty and had some concerns about risk of bias. A
rating
of some concerns was most often due to lack of blinding of outcome assessors
or
significant missing data, which could have impacted outcome measurement but
was
judged unlikely to have done so. We assessed the evidence for the primary
food
allergy outcome as high risk of bias due to the inclusion of only one
trial, where findings varied based on different assumptions about missing
data.
Skin care interventions during infancy probably do not change the risk of
eczema
by one to three years of age (risk ratio (RR) 1.03, 95% confidence interval
(CI)
0.81 to 1.31; risk difference 5 more cases per 1000 infants, 95% CI 28 less
to 47
more; moderate-certainty evidence; 3075 participants, 7 trials) or time to
onset
of eczema (hazard ratio 0.86, 95% CI 0.65 to 1.14; moderate-certainty
evidence;
3349 participants, 9 trials). Skin care interventions during infancy may
increase
the risk of IgE-mediated food allergy by one to three years of age (RR 2.53,
95%
CI 0.99 to 6.49; low-certainty evidence; 976 participants, 1 trial) but may
not
change risk of allergic sensitisation to a food allergen by age one to three
years (RR 1.05, 95% CI 0.64 to 1.71; low-certainty evidence; 1794
participants, 3
 trials). Skin care interventions during infancy may slightly increase risk of
parent report of immediate reaction to a common food allergen at two years
(RR
1.27, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.61; low-certainty evidence; 1171 participants, 1
trial);
however, this was only seen for cow's milk, and may be unreliable due to
over-reporting of milk allergy in infants. Skin care interventions during
infancy
probably increase risk of skin infection over the intervention period (RR
1.33,
95% CI 1.01 to 1.75; risk difference 17 more cases per 1000 infants, 95% CI
one
more to 38 more; moderate-certainty evidence; 2728 participants, 6 trials)
and
may increase the risk of infant slippage over the intervention period (RR
1.42,
95% CI 0.67 to 2.99; low-certainty evidence; 2538 participants, 4 trials) and
stinging/allergic reactions to moisturisers (RR 2.24, 95% 0.67 to 7.43;
low-certainty evidence; 343 participants, 4 trials), although CIs for
slippages
and stinging/allergic reactions were wide and include the possibility of no
effect or reduced risk. Preplanned subgroup analyses showed that the effects
of
interventions were not influenced by age, duration of intervention,
hereditary
risk, filaggrin (FLG) mutation, chromosome 11 intergenic variant
rs2212434, or
classification of intervention type for risk of developing eczema. We could
not
evaluate these effects on risk of food allergy. Evidence was insufficient to
show
whether adherence to interventions influenced the relationship between skin
care
interventions and eczema or food allergy development. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS:
Based
on low- to moderate-certainty evidence, skin care interventions such as
emollients during the first year of life in healthy infants are probably not
effective for preventing eczema; may increase risk of food allergy; and
probably
increase risk of skin infection. Further study is needed to understand
whether
different approaches to infant skin care might prevent eczema or food
allergy.
CI - Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
published
by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. on behalf of The Cochrane Collaboration.
FAU - Kelleher, Maeve M
AU - Kelleher MM
AD - National Heart & Lung Institute, Section of Inflammation and Repair,
Imperial
College London, London, UK.
FAU - Phillips, Rachel
AU - Phillips R
AD - Imperial Clinical Trials Unit, Imperial College London, London, UK.
FAU - Brown, Sara J
AU - Brown SJ
AD - Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh,
Edinburgh,
UK.
FAU - Cro, Suzie
AU - Cro S
AD - Imperial Clinical Trials Unit, Imperial College London, London, UK.
FAU - Cornelius, Victoria
AU - Cornelius V
AD - Imperial Clinical Trials Unit, Imperial College London, London, UK.
FAU - Carlsen, Karin C Lødrup
AU - Carlsen KCL
AD - Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital,
Oslo,
Norway.
AD - Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo,
Oslo,
Norway.
FAU - Skjerven, Håvard O
AU - Skjerven HO
AD - Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital,
Oslo,
Norway.
FAU - Rehbinder, Eva M
AU - Rehbinder EM
AD - Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo,
Oslo,
Norway.
AD - Department of Dermatology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
FAU - Lowe, Adrian J
AU - Lowe AJ
AD - Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global
Health,
University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
FAU - Dissanayake, Eishika
AU - Dissanayake E
AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and
Public
Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
FAU - Shimojo, Naoki
AU - Shimojo N
AD - Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
FAU - Yonezawa, Kaori
AU - Yonezawa K
AD - Department of Midwifery and Women's Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The
University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
FAU - Ohya, Yukihiro
AU - Ohya Y
AD - Allergy Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo,
Japan.
FAU - Yamamoto-Hanada, Kiwako
AU - Yamamoto-Hanada K
AD - Allergy Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo,
Japan.
FAU - Morita, Kumiko
AU - Morita K
AD - Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
FAU - Axon, Emma
AU - Axon E
AD - Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham,
UK.
FAU - Cork, Michael
AU - Cork M
AD - Sheffield Dermatology Research, Department of Infection, Immunity &
Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
FAU - Cooke, Alison
AU - Cooke A
AD - Division of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, School of Health Sciences,
The
University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
FAU - Van Vogt, Eleanor
AU - Van Vogt E
AD - Imperial Clinical Trials Unit, Imperial College London, London, UK.
FAU - Schmitt, Jochen
AU - Schmitt J
AD - Center for Evidence-Based Healthcare, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus,
Technischen Universität (TU) Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
FAU - Weidinger, Stephan
AU - Weidinger S
AD - Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Scheswig-Holstein,
Kiel, Germany.
FAU - McClanahan, Danielle
AU - McClanahan D
AD - Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland,
Oregon, USA.
FAU - Simpson, Eric
AU - Simpson E
AD - Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland,
Oregon, USA.
FAU - Duley, Lelia
AU - Duley L
AD - Nottingham Clinical Trials Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
FAU - Askie, Lisa M
AU - Askie LM
AD - NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.
FAU - Williams, Hywel C
AU - Williams HC
AD - Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham,
UK.
FAU - Boyle, Robert J
AU - Boyle RJ
AD - National Heart & Lung Institute, Section of Inflammation and Repair,
Imperial
College London, London, UK.
AD - Cochrane Skin, Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of
Nottingham,
Nottingham, UK.
LA - eng
PT - Journal Article
PT - Meta-Analysis
PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT - Systematic Review
DEP - 20221114
PL - England
TA - Cochrane Database Syst Rev
JT - The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
JID - 100909747
RN - 0 (Emollients)
RN - 0 (Allergens)
SB - IM
UOF - Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Feb 5;2:CD013534. doi:
10.1002/14651858.CD013534.pub2. PMID: 33545739
MH - Female
MH - Animals
MH - Cattle
MH - Emollients/therapeutic use
MH - *Eczema/prevention & control/drug therapy
MH - *Food Hypersensitivity/prevention & control
MH - *Milk Hypersensitivity
MH - Allergens/therapeutic use
PMC - PMC9661877
COIS- Maeve Kelleher: no relevant interests; has written a review on the topic
'Prevention of food allergy – skin barrier interventions'
(doi.org/10.1016/j.alit.2019.10.005); Consultant in Paediatric Allergy at
Children's Health Ireland; Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer at Imperial
College
London; assisted in the food allergy diagnostic work for the BEEP study,
which is
included in this review ‐ funded by a personal research fellowship from
National
Institute of Health and Care Research (NIHR), UK; the BEEP study was
sponsored by
the University of Nottingham, co‐ordinated by the Nottingham Clinical Trials
Unit
(CTU), and funded by the NIHR Health Technology Assessment Programme.
Supplementary funding was obtained for the inclusion of food allergy outcomes
and
skin prick tests subsequent to study initiation, which was provided by
Goldman
Sachs Gives and Sheffield Children's Hospital Charity. Rachel Phillips: none
known. Sara Brown: AbbVie ‐ consultant (payment to University employer, no
personal financial benefit); British Skin Foundation ‐ grant (for research
studentship); British Society for Paediatric Dermatology ‐ honorarium for
invited
lecture; European Lead Factory ‐ grant (funding and in‐kind support for a
phenotypic screen in skin cells); Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI) ‐
grant
(member of the BioMAP network (Biomarkers in Atopic Dermatitis and Psoriasis)
and
receive funding for research); Sosei Heptares ‐ consultant (payment to
University
employer, no personal financial gain); Wellcome Trust ‐ employment (chair of
expert review group); Wellcome Trust ‐ grant (Wellcome Trust Senior Research
Fellowship 2015 to 2020 and renewal 2020 onwards); works in an NHS
dermatology
department and regularly discusses the use of emollients with patients;
involved
in BEEP study, published in the The Lancet 2020
(www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(19)32984-8/fulltext)
(funded by the US National Institutes of Health). Suzie Cro: none known.
Victoria
Cornelius: none known. Karin C Lodrup Carlsen: no relevant interests;
involved in
the PreventADALL study ‐ received funding from many sources, all of which are
appropriately declared in all papers relaying the results. The funders had no
role in design, analyses, or dissemination of the study results. A number of
sponsors: the Regional Health Board South East, The Norwegian Research
Council,
Oslo University Hospital, The University of Oslo, Health and Rehabilitation
Norway, The Foundation for Healthcare and Allergy Research in Sweden –
Vårdalstiftelsen, The Swedish Asthma‐ and Allergy Association’s Research
 Foundation, The Swedish Research Council – the Initiative for Clinical
Therapy
Research, The Swedish Heart‐Lung Foundation, SFO‐V Karolinska Institutet,
Østfold
Hospital Trust, The European Union (MeDALL project), by unrestricted grants
from
the Norwegian Association of Asthma and Allergy, The Kloster Foundation,
Thermo‐Fisher, Uppsala, Sweden (through supplying allergen reagents) and
Fürst
Medical Laboratory, Oslo, Norway (through performing immunoglobulin E (IgE)
analyses), Norwegian Society of Dermatology and Venerology, Arne Ingel’s
legat,
Region Stockholm (ALF‐project and individual grants), Forte, Swedish Order of
Freemasons Foundation Barnhuset, The Sven Jerring Foundation, The Hesselman
Foundation, The Magnus Bergwall Foundation, The Konsul Th C Bergh’s
Foundation,
The Swedish Society of Medicine, The King Gustaf V 80th Birthday Foundation,
KI
grants, The Cancer and Allergy Foundation, The Pediatric Research Foundation
at
Astrid Lindgren Children’s Hospital, The Samaritan Foundation for Pediatric
Research. Håvard Ove Skjerven: no relevant interests; works as a health
professional at Oslo University Hospital; involved in The PreventADALL study,
which has received funding from the following sources: The Regional Health
Board
South East, The Norwegian Research Council, Oslo University Hospital, The
University of Oslo, Health and Rehabilitation Norway, The Foundation for
Healthcare and Allergy Research in Sweden – Vårdalstiftelsen, The Swedish
Asthma
and Allergy Association Research Foundation, The Swedish Research Council –
the
Initiative for Clinical Therapy Research, The Swedish Heart‐Lung Foundation,
SFO‐V Karolinska Institutet, Østfold Hospital Trust, The European Union
(MeDALL
project), by unrestricted grants from the Norwegian Association of Asthma and
Allergy, The Kloster Foundation, Thermo‐Fisher, Uppsala, Sweden (through
supplying allergen reagents) and Fürst Medical Laboratory, Oslo, Norway
(through
performing IgE analyses), Norwegian Society of Dermatology and Venerology,
Arne
Ingel’s legat, Region Stockholm (ALF‐project and individual grants), Forte,
Swedish Order of Freemasons Foundation Barnhuset, The Sven Jerring
Foundation,
The Hesselman Foundation, The Magnus Bergwall Foundation, The Konsul Th C
Bergh’s
Foundation, The Swedish Society of Medicine, The King Gustaf V 80th Birthday
Foundation, KI grants, The Cancer and Allergy Foundation, The Pediatric
Research
Foundation at Astrid Lindgren Children’s Hospital, The Samaritan Foundation
for
Pediatric Research. Eva Maria Rehbinder: Leo Pharma ‐ speaking engagement;
Novartis ‐ speaking engagement; Perrigo ‐ speaking engagement; Sanofi Genzyme
‐
speaking engagement; co‐author on paper from the PreventADALL study included
in
the review on primary prevention of atopic dermatitis; works as Resident in
Dermatology, Oslo University Hospital; involved in The PreventADALL study
(Oslo
University Hospital, Norway, Østfold Hospital Trust, Norway and Karolinska
 Institutet, Sweden) ‐ the PreventADALL study has received funding from the
following sources: The Regional Health Board South East, The Norwegian
Research
Council, Oslo University Hospital, The University of Oslo, Health and
Rehabilitation Norway, The Foundation for Healthcare and Allergy Research in
Sweden – Vårdalstiftelsen, The Swedish Asthma and Allergy Association
Research
Foundation, The Swedish Research Council – the Initiative for Clinical
Therapy
Research, The Swedish Heart‐Lung Foundation, SFO‐V Karolinska Institutet,
Østfold
Hospital Trust, The European Union (MeDALL project), by unrestricted grants
from
the Norwegian Association of Asthma and Allergy, The Kloster Foundation,
Thermo‐Fisher, Uppsala, Sweden (through supplying allergen reagents) and
Fürst
Medical Laboratory, Oslo, Norway (through performing IgE analyses), Norwegian
Society of Dermatology and Venerology, Arne Ingel’s legat, Region Stockholm
(ALF‐project), Forte, Swedish Order of Freemasons Foundation Barnhuset, The
Sven
Jerring Foundation, The Hesselman Foundation, The Magnus Bergwall Foundation,
The
Konsul Th C Bergh’s Foundation, The Swedish Society of Medicine, The King
Gustaf
V 80th Birthday Foundation, KI grants, The Cancer and Allergy Foundation, The
Pediatric Research Foundation at Astrid Lindgren Children’s Hospital, The
Samaritan Foundation for Pediatric Research. Adrian Lowe: other intellectual
property ‐ lead investigator on intervention trials using skin barrier repair
creams; publications relating to the feasibility of this form of
intervention;
involved in Phase II PEBBLES trial, listed as Lowe et al. (2018). Funded by
the
Financial Markets Foundation for Children (FMFC), Asthma Foundation of
Victoria,
National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) (Project funding: FMFC,
Asthma Foundation of Victoria. Project equipment: NHMRC). Eishika
Dissanayake: no
relevant interests; responsible for analysing data and the publication of a
randomised controlled trial that aimed to identify the efficacy of emollients
and
synbiotics in preventing atopic dermatitis and food allergy in children
during
the first year of life, institution: Chiba University, Japan (funding source:
Environmental Restoration and Conservation Agency of Japan in fiscal years
2014
to 2016 and grants from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development
(AMED‐CREST)(15652274)). Naoki Shimojo: no relevant interests; published in
Allergology International, the official journal of the Japanese Society of
Allergology. Kaori Yonezawa: no relevant interests; involved in
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1346-8138.14080 and
aacijournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13223-019-0385-7, Mitsubishi
Foundation (Grants for Social Welfare Activities on 2013) and the Mishima
Kaiun
Memorial Foundation ‐ Division of Health Sciences and Nursing, Department of
Midwifery and Women’s Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of
Tokyo, 7‐3‐1, Hongo, Bunkyo‐ku, Tokyo, 113‐0033, Japan. Yukihiro Ohya: AbbVie
‐
consultant (medical advisory for atopic dermatitis); Janssen Global Services,
LLC
 ‐ consultant (advisory board meeting); Leo Pharma KK ‐ consultant (treatment
of
atopic dermatitis); Maruho ‐ consultant (medical advisory for atopic
dermatitis);
Mylan ‐ lecturer; Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co Ltd ‐ consultant (treatment of
atopic
dermatitis); Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc ‐ consultant (advisory board
meeting);
Sanofi ‐ lecturer; Torii ‐ lecturer; practice in the National Center for
Child
Health and Development; committee member of Japanese guidelines for atopic
dermatitis, Japanese Society of Allergology; involved in purchase of tested
emollients, recruitment for participants in the National Center for Child
Health
and Development ‐ Application of moisturizer to neonates prevents development
of
atopic dermatitis (supported by funding from the Ministry of Health, Labour
and
Welfare of Japan). Kiwako Yamamoto‐Hanada: AbbVie ‐ consultant
(consultation);
Bee Case ‐ consultant (advisory); Kao Corporation ‐ consultant (lecture,
consultation); Maruho ‐ speaker engagement; Natural Science ‐grant/contract
(joint research agreement); Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co Ltd ‐ speaker fee;
Pfizer
Japan ‐ speaker fee; Takano Medical ‐ grant/contract (commissioned study);
Tori
Pharmaceutical ‐ speaker engagement; work as a health professional at
National
Center for Child Health and Development; involved in data sharing,
interpretation
of the results, advice to the manuscript, National Center for Child Health
and
Development. Kumiko Morita: no relevant interests; involved in providing data
from our study (Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2014;134:824‐30)
in
National Center for Child Health and Development research: Journal of Allergy
and
Clinical Immunology 2014;134:824‐30, source: Health and Labour Sciences
Research
Grants for Research on Allergic Diseases and Immunology from the Ministry of
Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan (H22‐Men’eki‐Ippan‐002 to HS and
H25‐Nanchito‐Ippan‐001 to MA and HS as principal investigators). Emma Axon:
no
relevant interests; methodologist at Cochrane Skin, University of Nottingham.
Michael Cork: Boots UK Ltd. ‐ consultant; Eli Lilly and Company ‐ consultant;
Hyphens Pharma ‐ Singapore ‐ consultant; Johnson & Johnson Health Care
Systems
Inc ‐ consultant; Kymab, a Sanofi company ‐ grant/consultant; L'Oreal USA ‐
consultant; LEO Pharma AS ‐ consultant; Perrigo (ACO Nordic) ‐ consultant;
Pfizer
Canada Inc ‐ consultant; Procter & Gamble ‐ consultant; Regeneron
Pharmaceuticals
Inc ‐ consultant; Sanofi UK ‐ consultant; published for National Eczema
Society,
UK; affiliated to National Eczema Society, UK; works as a health professional
at
Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust and Sheffield Children's NHS Trust;
involved with “BEEP” ‐ A randomised controlled trial to determine whether a
skin
 barrier enhancement package can prevent eczema in high‐risk children (NIHR
Health
Technology Assessment Programme, via the University of Nottingham ‐ as
Principal
Investigator for Sheffield ‐ jointly & severally contracted by The University
of
Sheffield & Sheffield Children’s Hospital NHS Foundation Trust & Sheffield
Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust. Alison Cooke: no relevant interests;
Chief investigator of the OBSeRvE (Oil in Baby SkincaRE) study included in
this
review (funded by National Institute for Health Research Doctoral Research
Fellowship), University of Manchester, pilot randomised controlled trial; has
had
several publications and given several conference presentations in the area
of
neonatal skin care; Assistant Director of Nursing Research and Innovation at
University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust. Eleanor Van Vogt: none
known.
Jochen Schmitt: La Roche‐Posay ‐ grant (institutional grant for IIT);
Novartis,
Sanofi, ALK, and Pfizer ‐ grant (grants for investigator‐initiated research);
Sanofi, Lilly, and ALK ‐ consultant (participated in advisory board meetings
as a
paid consultant); involved in a study funded by La Roche‐Posay (grant for IIT
to
Universities Kiel and Dresden, Germany). Stephan Weidinger: AbbVie ‐
consultant
(consultancies, lectures); Almirall LLC ‐ consultant (consultancies,
lectures);
Eli Lilly and Company ‐ consultant (consultancies, lectures); Genzyme
Corporation
‐ consultant (institutional research grant, consultancies, lectures);
GlaxoSmithKline ‐ consultant (consultancies); Janssen Biotech Inc ‐
consultant
(consultancies); LEO Pharma AS ‐ consultant (institutional research grant,
consultancies, lectures); Pfizer Pharmaceuticals LLC ‐ consultant
(consultancies,
lectures); Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc ‐ consultant (consultancies,
lectures).
Danielle McClanahan: no relevant interests; Dermatology Resident at Oregon
Health
& Science University (OHSU); Study Co‐ordinator, OHSU ‐ McClanahan D, Wong A,
Kezic S, Samrao A, Hajar T, Hill E, Simpson EL. A randomized controlled trial
of
an emollient with ceramide and filaggrin‐associated amino acids for the
primary
prevention of atopic dermatitis in high‐risk infants. Journal of the European
Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 2019 Nov;33(11):2087‐94. doi:
10.1111/jdv.15786. Epub 2019 Jul 30. PMID: 31287580 (investigator initiated,
Galderma provided the product). Eric Simpson: AbbVie ‐ consultant and
speaker;
AbbVie ‐ consultant (consult on atopic dermatitis (AD) and guest lecture);
Amgen
‐ consultant (consulting on AD); Arcutis ‐ grant/contract; Corevitas
‐grant/contract; Dermira Inc ‐ consultant (consult on AD); Dermira Inc ‐
grant/contract; Eli Lilly and Company ‐ consultant (consult on AD, lecture
and
serve on advisory board); Eli Lilly and Company ‐ grant/contract; ForteBio ‐
consultant (consult on AD); Galderma Research & Development, LLC ‐ consultant
 (consult on AD); GlaxoSmithKline ‐ consultant (consultant on AD and on
advisory
board); Incyte Corporation ‐ consultant (consult on AD and serve on advisory
board); Incyte Corporation ‐ grant/contract; Janssen Biotech ‐ consultant
(consultant on AD and on advisory board); Kyowa Hakko Kirin ‐ consultant
(consult
on AD and on advisory board); Kyowa Hakko Kirin ‐ grant/contract; LEO Pharma
Inc
‐ consultant (consult on AD, lecture and serve on advisory board); LEO Pharma
Inc
‐ grant/contract; Merck ‐ grant/contract; Novartis ‐ grant/contract; Pfizer ‐
consultant (consult on AD, guest lecture and serve on advisory board); Pfizer
‐
grant/contract; Regeneron Pharmaceuticals ‐ consultant (consult on AD,
lecture
and serve on advisory board); Regeneron Pharmaceuticals ‐ grant/contract;
Sanofi
US Services Inc ‐ consultant (consulting on AD, speaker and advisory board);
TARGET‐Derm ‐ grant/contract; works as a professor and patient care MD at
Oregon
Health & Science University. Lelia Duley: none known. Lisa M Askie: none
known.
Hywel C Williams: no relevant interests; was an investigator on the following
trial published in The BMJ 19 years ago: Thomas KS, Armstrong S, Avery A, Po
AL,
O'Neill C, Young S, Williams HC. Randomised controlled trial of short bursts
of a
potent topical corticosteroid versus prolonged use of a mild preparation for
children with mild or moderate atopic eczema. BMJ. 2002 Mar 30;324(7340):768.
doi: 10.1136/bmj.324.7340.768. PMID: 11923161; PMCID: PMC100318 ‐ funding
source:
NHS R&D Trent (a public funder). Robert J Boyle: no relevant interests; works
as
a paediatric allergist seeing children and adolescents with atopic eczema,
but
does not use the treatments evaluated in this project for the prevention of
eczema or food allergy. RB works for the following organisations: Imperial
Healthcare NHS Trust and as a self‐employed paediatric allergist at HCA
Healthcare and Sterling Health; Joint Co‐ordinating Editor, Cochrane Skin
(2018‐current); Senior Editor for Cochrane Children and Families (2018 to
2021);
Senior Editor for Cochrane Mental Health and Neuroscience (2020 to 2021);
co‐investigator on BEEP trial (Chalmers 2020), a clinical trial included in
this
review (funding source: NIHR Health Technology Assessment Programme).
EDAT- 2022/11/15 06:00
MHDA- 2022/11/16 06:00
PMCR- 2022/11/14
CRDT- 2022/11/14 08:42
PHST- 2022/11/14 08:42 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/11/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/11/16 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/11/14 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - CD013534.pub3 [pii]
AID - 10.1002/14651858.CD013534.pub3 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO - Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022 Nov 14;11(11):CD013534. doi:
10.1002/14651858.CD013534.pub3.