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DK LONDON produced for DK by First American Edition, 2015
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CONTRIBUTORS
STANLEY WELLS, CONSULTANT EDITOR JOHN FARNDON
Stanley Wells, CBE, FRSL, Honorary President of John Farndon is a Royal Literary Fellow at Anglia Ruskin
The Shakespeare Birthplace Trust, is Professor Emeritus University in Cambridge and an author, playwright,
of Shakespeare Studies of the University of Birmingham, composer, and poet. He has written many international
Honorary Governor Emeritus of the Royal Shakespeare bestsellers such as Do You Think You’re Clever? and
Company, and an Honorary Fellow of Balliol College Oxford. translated into English verse the plays of Lope de Vega
He is general editor of the Oxford and Penguin editions and the poetry of Alexander Pushkin. He taught the history
of Shakespeare and co-editor of The Oxford Companion to of drama at the Actor’s Studio, studied playwriting at
Shakespeare. His books include Shakespeare for All Time, Central School of Speech and Drama, and is now Assessor
Shakespeare, Sex, and Love, and Great Shakespeare Actors. for new plays for London’s OffWestEnd Theatre Awards.
ANJNA CHOUHAN JANE KINGSLEY-SMITH
Anjna Chouhan is Lecturer in Shakespeare Studies at the Jane Kingsley-Smith is a Reader at Roehampton University,
Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. She has published articles on London. She has written two monographs—Shakespeare’s
Victorian theater, farce, and religious stage props, and edited Drama of Exile and Cupid in Early Modern Literature and
a sourcebook on the Victorian actor-manager Henry Irving. Culture—and most recently edited for Penguin John
She spoke on the BBC program Great British Rail Journeys Webster’s The Duchess of Malfi and The White Devil, and
about Shakespeare in the 19th century. She contributes to John Ford’s The Broken Heart and ’Tis Pity She’s a Whore.
the Cambridge School Shakespeare digital resource. She is a regular lecturer at Shakespeare’s Globe, London.
GILLIAN DAY NICK WALTON
Dr. Gillian Day lectures at the Shakespeare Birthplace Nick Walton is Shakespeare Courses Development Manager
Trust and York University. She has taught English and at the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust in Stratford-upon-Avon,
Drama in Britain, North America, and Scandinavia, and and serves as Executive Secretary to the International
held visiting lectureships at the universities of Helsinki Shakespeare Association. He has written introductory
and Düsseldorf. Her publications include King Richard III material for the Penguin editions of Timon of Athens and
in the Arden Shakespeare at Stratford series (as editor), Love’s Labour’s Lost, and is co-author of The Shakespeare
and the introduction to Henry VI Part III and Wallbook. He has worked closely with professional theater
the performance history of Richard III in editions companies at home and abroad, and has been a guest
of the plays for Penguin Shakespeare. speaker at the British Museum and the National Theatre.
CONTENTS
44 This brawl today…
10 INTRODUCTION shall send, between
the red rose and the
white, a thousand
souls to death and
deadly night
Henry VI Part 1
48 Why, there they are,
both bakèd in this pie
Titus Andronicus
54 Made glorious summer
by this son of York
Richard III
62 To die is all as common
as to live 74 Hunting he loved, but love
Edward III he laughed to scorn
Venus and Adonis
THE FREELANCE 68 What error drives
WRITER our eyes and
ears amiss?
78 Who buys a minute’s
mirth to wail a week
1589–1594 The Comedy of Errors The Rape of Lucrece
24 In love, who respects
friend?
The Two Gentlemen of Verona
30 I know now how to tame
a shrew
The Taming of the Shrew
36 The commons, like
an angry hive of bees
that want their leader,
scatter up and down
Henry VI Part 2
40 I can smile, and murder
whiles I smile
Henry VI Part 3
THE LORD
CHAMBERLAIN’S
MAN
1594–1603
86 Who can sever love
from charity?
Love’s Labour’s Lost
92 Down, down I come,
like glist’ring Phaethon
Richard II
100 A pair of star-crossed
lovers
Romeo and Juliet
110 The course of true love
never did run smooth
A Midsummer Night’s Dream
118 There is no sure
foundation set on blood
The Life and Death
of King John 124 If you prick us, do we 154 Out on thee, seeming!
not bleed? I will write against it
The Merchant of Venice Much Ado About
Nothing
132 Honour is a mere
scutcheon 162 Once more unto the
Henry IV Part 1 breach, dear friends,
once more
140 Wives may be merry, Henry V
and yet honest, too
The Merry Wives of Windsor 170 There is a tide in the
affairs of men which,
146 We have heard taken at the flood,
the chimes at midnight leads on to fortune
Henry IV Part 2 Julius Caesar
THE KING’S MAN
1603–1613
232 Man, proud man, dressed
in a little brief authority
Measure for Measure
240 Beware, my lord, of
jealousy. It is the
green-ey’d monster
Othello
250 A man more sinned
against than sinning
King Lear
260 The middle of humanity
thou never knew’st,
but the extremity of
both ends
Timon of Athens
178 All the world’s a stage, and 214 I scorn to change my
all the men and women state with kings’
merely players Shakespeare’s Sonnets
As You Like It
224 That false fire which
188 The slings and arrows in his cheek so glowed
of outrageous fortune A Lover’s Complaint
Hamlet
225 Truth and beauty
198 Youth’s a stuff will buried be
not endure The Phoenix and Turtle
Twelfth Night
226 With selfsame hand,
206 War and lechery self reasons, and self
confound all right, would shark on you
Troilus and Cressida Sir Thomas More
308 Thou metst with things
dying, I with things
new-born
The Winter’s Tale
316 Hang there like fruit, my
soul, till the tree die
Cymbeline
324 We are such stuff as
dreams are made on
The Tempest
332 Farewell, a long
farewell, to all my
greatness!
Henry VIII
338 Is there record of any
two that loved better
than we do, Arcite?
The Two Noble Kinsmen
266 Blood will have blood
Macbeth
276 Age cannot wither her,
nor custom stale her
infinite variety 344 INDEX
Antony and Cleopatra
286 The web of our life is of 352 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
a mingled yarn, good and
ill together
All’s Well That Ends Well
294 This world to me is but a
ceaseless storm whirring
me from my friends
Pericles, Prince of Tyre
300 What is the city but
the people?
Coriolanus
INTRODU
CTION
12 SHAKESPEARE
B
orn more than four and a Roman history, to the most maiden name was Arden, came
half centuries ago, William profound tragedies, including from a more prosperous background.
Shakespeare (1564–1616) is Hamlet, Macbeth, and King Lear. They lived in the house on Henley
generally acknowledged to be the Far from dwindling with the Street, Stratford, now known
greatest imaginative writer in passage of time, Shakespeare’s as Shakespeare’s Birthplace, a
the English language. He was a reputation and influence have place of pilgrimage for hundreds
major poet, writing two narrative grown from year to year. His works, of thousands of visitors from all
poems, 154 sonnets, and other in their original texts, in translation parts of the world every year. They
verses. But above all, he was a into most of the world’s languages, had two daughters who died in
poetic dramatist, the author or and in an enormous range of infancy before William came along,
part-author of almost 40 plays, adaptations, are read, taught, and and went on to have two more
which range from the most delicate performed all over the globe. They daughters and three more sons.
of romantic comedies, such as A have influenced countless other The youngest, Edmund, was 16
Midsummer Night’s Dream, As You works of art, and nobody with a years younger than William. Like
Like It, and Twelfth Night, through claim to a liberal education can his older brother, Edmund became
a series of plays about English and afford to be ignorant of them. an actor in London. Very little is
This book offers a comprehensive
guide to his plays and poems,
concentrating on their content
and form, while also considering
their reception and influence.
All the world’s a stage, Shakespeare and Stratford Shall I compare thee to a
And all the men and women William Shakespeare was baptized summer’s day?
merely players. in Holy Trinity Church in the town Thou art more lovely and
They have their exits and of Stratford-upon-Avon, England, more temperate.
their entrances, on Wednesday April 26, 1564. His Rough winds do shake the
And one man in his time exact date of birth is not known, darling buds of May,
plays many parts but since the 18th century, his And summer’s lease hath
Jaques birthday has been celebrated all too short a date.
As You Like It on April 23rd. Sonnet 18
Shakespeare’s father, John, came
from farming stock and worked in
Stratford as a “whitawer”—a tanner
of white leather—and glover (glove
maker). John’s wife, Mary, whose
and which door
each coming up
diet
covered S as
have
as When animal
the himself
account Transvaal
giving taking
from their 9
The
very firm L
immediately thirteen high
still field haired
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and
remarkably animal which
creatures The Cats
not former
own being broken
bray
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Samuel autumn
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avoid beds profession
females Family
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and cat
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N family Mrs
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two monkeys black
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