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Excerptum de Talmud
 Contact and Transmission
Intercultural Encounters from
Late Antiquity to the Early Modern Period

Volume 1

General Editors
Görge K. Hasselhoff, Technische Universität Dortmund
Ann Giletti, University of Oxford
Editorial Board
Charles Burnett, Warburg Institute, University of London
Ulisse Cecini, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Harvey Hames, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
Frans van Liere, Calvin University, Grand Rapids
Excerptum de Talmud
Study and Edition of a Thirteenth-Century
Latin Translation

by
Isaac Lampurlanés Farré

F
 The present volume has been prepared within the framework of the
research project: ‘The Latin Talmud and its Influence on Christian-
Jewish Polemic’, funded by the European Research Council of the
European Union (FP7/2007–2013/ERC Grant Agreement no. 613694)

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

© 2020, Brepols Publishers n.v., Turnhout, Belgium.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced,

stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by
any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording,
or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher.

ISBN: 978-2-503-58690-8
e-ISBN: 978-2-503-58761-5
DOI: 10.1484/M.CAT-EB.5.119182

Printed in the EU on acid-free paper.

D/2020/0095/54
Table of Contents

Acknowledgements 7
Introduction 9
Part I
Excerptum de Talmud – Study
Chapter One
The Paris Trial of 1240 15
1.1. Before Paris: The Earliest References to
the Talmud in Christian Polemical Literature 16
1.2. The Thirteenth Century:
The Christian and Jewish Milieux in France 22
1.3. Nicholas Donin:
The Thirty-Five Articles Against the Talmud 25
1.4. The Disputation 28
1.5. Concluding Remarks 42

Chapter Two
Extractiones de Talmud 45
2.1. After the Trial:
The Review of the Trial Concerning the Talmud 45
2.2. The Translation Process 46
2.3. The Manuscripts and the Two Versions 47
2.4. The Translation and the Translators  73
2.5. In Summary 75

Chapter Three
The Excerptum de Talmud 77
3.1. The Transmission of the Extractiones de Talmud 77
3.2. The Manuscripts of the Excerptum
and its stemma codicum 79
3.3. The Source of the Excerptum: The Thematic Extractiones 88
3.4. The Content of the Excerptum de Talmud 96
3.5. The Authorship and Date of the Excerptum de Talmud 112
3.6. Notes in Summary 114

Conclusion 117

Bibliography 121
6 ta b l e of con ten ts

Part II
Excerptum de Talmud
Critical Edition and Translation
Editor’s Preface 135
Excerptum de Talmud 141
i. <De auctoritate Talmud> 142
ii. De magistris Talmud 148
iii. Blasphemiae contra Christum 150
iv. Blasphemiae contra Deum, creatorem omnium 154
v. Contra christianos et ecclesiam Dei
sunt ista quae sequuntur 160
vi. Oratio contra christianos 164
vii. De stultitiis et execratione iudaeorum 166
viii. De sortilegiis iudaeorum et de infidelitate ipsorum 172
ix. Fictio iudaeorum de futuro saeculo 176
x. De adventu Messiae 180
xi. De stultitiis iudaeorum 184
xii. De inmunditiis iudaeorum 196
xiii. De somniis seu visionibus nocturnis iudaeorum 200
xiv. De fabulis iudaeorum 202

Appendix
The Thematic Source 217
De auctoritate Talmud 217
De sapientibus et magistris Talmud 220
De blasphemiis contra Christum et beatam Virginem 223
De blasphemiis contra Deum 226
Contra christianos 232
De imprecationibus contra goym 235
Contra christianos 237
De erroribus 238
De sortilegiis 242
De somniis 245
De futuro saeculo et statu post mortem 246
De Messia 249
De stultitiis 251
De turpitudinibus et inmunditiis 259
De fabulis 262

Correspondences 271
Indices 283
Acknowledgements

It would not be proper to begin this volume without acknowledging the people
in whose absence its completion would not have been possible.
I should like to thank my colleagues in the LATTAL project (‘The Latin
Talmud and its Influence on Christian-Jewish Polemic’, FP7/2007–2013 / ERC
CoG n° 613694.), who, by giving their advice and guidance, have enabled me
to write the present volume. These people include, first of all, my supervisors
Dr Ulisse Cecini and Dr Eulàlia Vernet, my tutor Dr Óscar de la Cruz, and
the principal researcher in the project Dr Alexander Fidora. Moreover, I wish
to express my gratitude towards Annabel González, the second PhD student
within the LATTAL project, who frequently assisted me with the Hebrew
text. I also deeply appreciate the help and friendship of Dr Federico Dal Bo
(Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona), Dr Görge K. Hasselhoff (University of
Dortmund), and Dr Harvey J. Hames (Ben-Gurion University of the Negev),
all of whom have been associated with the project. In this connection, I also
wish to thank Dr Piero Capelli (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia) who hosted
me during my research stay at the University of Venice and from whom I
have learnt a great deal.
Several other members of the Department of Ancient and Medieval
Studies at the Autonomous University of Barcelona have likewise offered
their guidance and support. I gratefully acknowledge the help of Dr Cándida
Ferrero and Dr José Martínez Gázquez as well as of the Head of Department,
Dr Gemma Puigvert. Among my fellow research students in the Department,
with whom I shared the hardships of doctoral studies, I am very grateful to
Dr Alba Aguilera, Roser Gómez, Dr Manuel Montoza, David Vázquez, Laia
Catarineu, Ignacio Díaz, Ekaterina Novokhatko, Montse Rovira, Sandra
Tárraga, and many others. My special thanks go to Núria Pacheco, whose
company over cups of tea has brought me comfort and peace of mind during
the most difficult moments of this thesis.
And last but not least, I am very grateful to Dr Robert D. Hughes (Prague)
for the revision of my English.
Bellaterra, November 2018
Introduction

The aim of this volume is to provide a critical edition as well as a study of

the Excerptum de Talmud. The Excerptum is a medieval Latin work from the
thirteenth century which contains numerous Latin excerpts drawn from
the Latin Talmud translation, the Extractiones de Talmud (Paris, 1245–1248),
and subjected to reworking. This translation presents a complex history
of composition and transmission: it has come down to us in the form of
different versions, which are, in turn, included in a dossier containing further
translations and documents connected with the Talmud inquiry promoted by
the Christian ecclesiastical authorities in Paris during the 1240s. The present
study will reveal the relationship between the Excerptum and the Talmud
dossier, and will identify the source of the former as lying in the so-called
thematic Extractiones, itself a thematic rearrangement (in accordance with
various topics of anti-Talmudic polemic) of the material contained in the
above dossier. In order to do so, our study will sketch out the history of the
Church and of the Talmud, focusing in particular upon the events of the 1240s.
It will then analyse the translations produced during this period and make
manifest the steps which led to the composition of the thematic Extractiones
de Talmud, a text whose principal features, both structural and linguistic, will
be described. This analysis will enable us to identify the thematic Extractiones
as the source of the Excerptum. Accordingly, the Excerptum will be described
and studied in-depth, particularly focusing on its manuscript tradition, its
structure, its novel features vis-à-vis its source text as well as its reception.
Lastly, the text will be presented in its first critical edition, accompanied by
an English translation.
The Extractiones de Talmud constituted the first major Latin translation
of the Talmud as well as one of the most pre-eminent consequences of
Christian-Jewish polemics. The text of the Extractiones itself underwent
several reworkings, each of which reveals distinct phases of textuality and,
most significantly, the various stances adopted by those who addressed the
issue of the Talmud during the latter’s ‘trial’, stances which included the
characterisation of this Rabbinical text as a source of heresy and as a book
containing a lot of blasphemy. Finally, the reception of the Excerptum will
show how this work itself, despite its polemical aim, was also considered an
ethnographical source concerning the Jewish people.
The present study will be structured in the following manner:
The first chapter describes the historical background of the events in
Paris during which the Talmud was condemned. It starts with an overview
of the Talmudic knowledge present among Christian authors prior to the
thirteenth-century Parisian trial. The chapter then discusses the circumstances
that gave rise to the Parisian campaign against the Talmud, as well as the
sources which report these events and the recent historiographical debate on
10 in tro duct i o n

this topic. It will provide the reader with certain key historical elements and
will guide him/her towards an understanding of the turning point which the
Parisian inquiry and the Extractiones de Talmud both represented.
The second chapter focuses upon the Extractiones de Talmud. In this section,
we introduce the particular features which characterise this translation in their
relation to previous ecclesiastical attitudes towards the Talmud. We shall list
the manuscripts that contain the Extractiones, as well as the different stemmata
which can be established when one takes into consideration the reworkings the
text underwent. The question of the authorship and date of the text are dealt
with, moreover, in the light of recent studies. In this chapter, those features
which are particularly relevant for an understanding of the connection between
the Excerptum and the Extractiones are given due emphasis.
The third chapter of this study addresses the text of the Excerptum de
Talmud. In this chapter, we deal with the manuscripts which contain this work
and the textual elements that connect this rearrangement of the Extractiones de
Talmud to its thematic version, as well as with the innovations and differences
the Excerptum displays. Moreover, it will be shown how, via the reworking
carried out within the Excerptum, the pre-existing material acquired a novel,
and more polemical, emphasis. Nevertheless, through the analysis of the
manuscripts which contain the Excerptum and of the texts alongside which
it was transmitted, we will describe the way in which, in terms of its reception
and apart from its polemical content, the Excerptum was judged to be an
ethnographical source concerning Jewry.
The second part of this volume provides the critical edition of the
Excerptum de Talmud. The critical apparatus pertaining to the text contains
the textual variants present within the manuscripts of the Excerptum, along
with the principal readings found in the source texts, i.e. the Extractiones
de Talmud and other materials. Following the edited text, there follows the
English translation. Finally, there is an Appendix, which presents the reader
with the edited texts that relate to the fragments that served as the basis for the
preparation of the Excerptum. This appendix is designed to assist the reader
to locate the source text upon which the Excerptum relied.
Lastly, I include a section which offers a set of indices providing the
location of pertinent items within the edition of the Excerptum as well as
within the Appendix relevant to the source texts. Here I list the references to
Talmudic passages, Biblical quotations, and other elements that are indicated
in the apparatus fontium relating to the editions. Additional indices provide
information about Rabbinical names as well as the Hebrew and French terms
present within the work. Using a tool such as this, the reader will rapidly be
able to find and identify the aforementioned items within the edited texts.
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