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(Ebook) Modern Japanese Grammar Workbook by Naomi McGloin,
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Modern
JAPANESE
Grammar
WORKBOOK
The Modern Japanese Grammar Workbook is an innovative book of exercises and
language tasks for all learners of Japanese. The book is divided into two parts:
s 3ECTION ! PROVIDES EXERCISES BASED ON ESSENTIAL GRAMMATICAL STRUCTURES
s 3ECTION " PRACTISES EVERYDAY FUNCTIONS EG MAKING INTRODUCTIONS
APOLOGIZING EXPRESSING NEEDS 
!LL SENTENCES ARE WRITTEN BOTH IN ROMANIZATION AND IN *APANESE SCRIPT AND
A COMPREHENSIVE ANSWER KEY AT THE BACK ENABLES LEARNERS TO CHECK ON THEIR
progress.
+EY FEATURES OF THE BOOK INCLUDE
s %XERCISES GRADED ON A  POINT SCALE ACCORDING TO THEIR LEVEL OF DIFlCULTY
s #ROSS REFERENCING TO THE RELATED Modern Japanese Grammar
s 4OPICAL EXERCISES DRAWN FROM REALISTIC SCENARIOS TO HELP LEARNERS DEVELOP
THEIR VOCABULARY AND PRACTICAL COMMUNICATION SKILLS
s /PPORTUNITIES TO PRACTICE BOTH WRITTEN AND SPOKEN *APANESE
The Modern Japanese Grammar Workbook is an ideal practice tool for learners
OF *APANESE AT ALL LEVELS .O PRIOR KNOWLEDGE OF GRAMMATICAL TERMINOLOGY IS
ASSUMED AND IT CAN BE USED BOTH INDEPENDENTLY AND ALONGSIDE Modern Japanese
Grammar )3".      WHICH IS ALSO PUBLISHED BY 2OUTLEDGE
Naomi H. McGloin is Professor of Japanese Language and Linguistics at the
5NIVERSITY OF 7ISCONSIN -ADISON 53!
Mutsuko Endo Hudson is Professor of Japanese Language and Linguistics at
-ICHIGAN 3TATE 5NIVERSITY 53!
Fumiko Nazikian IS 3ENIOR ,ECTURER AND $IRECTOR OF THE *APANESE ,ANGUAGE
0ROGRAM AT #OLUMBIA 5NIVERSITY 53!
Tomomi Kakegawa IS !SSOCIATE 0ROFESSOR OF *APANESE AT THE 5NIVERSITY OF
7ISCONSIN %AU #LAIRE 53!
Routledge Modern Grammars
3ERIES CONCEPT AND DEVELOPMENT n 3ARAH "UTLER

Other books in the series

Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar

Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar Workbook

Modern French Grammar, Second Edition

Modern French Grammar Workbook, Second Edition

Modern German Grammar, Second Edition

Modern German Grammar Workbook, Second Edition

Modern Italian Grammar, Third Edition

Modern Italian Grammar Workbook, Second Edition

Modern Brazilian Portuguese Grammar

Modern Brazilian Portuguese Grammar Workbook

Modern Russian Grammar

Modern Russian Grammar Workbook

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Modern Spanish Grammar Workbook, Third Edition
 Modern
JAPANESE
Grammar
WORKBOOK
Naomi H. McGloin
Mutsuko Endo Hudson
Fumiko Nazikian
Tomomi Kakegawa
ROUTLEDGE

Routledge
Taylor Francis Group
NEW YORK AND LONDON
First published 2014
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
and by Routledge
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2014 Naomi H. McGloin, Mutsuko Endo Hudson, Fumiko Nazikian and Tomomi Kakegawa
The right of Naomi H. McGloin, Mutsuko Endo Hudson, Fumiko Nazikian and Tomomi
Kakegawa to be identified as authors of this work has been asserted by them in accordance
with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any
form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented,
including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system,
without permission in writing from the publishers.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks,
and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
A catalog record for this book has been requested

ISBN: 978-0-415-27093-9 (pbk)

ISBN: 978-0-203-64127-9 (ebk)

Typeset in ITC Stone Serif

by Graphicraft Limited, Hong Kong
 Contents

Introduction ix
Notes on romanization x
Acknowledgments xi

Part A Structures 1

1 Introduction: major features of Japanese grammar 3

2 Pronunciation 6
3 Writing system 8
4 Words 10
5 Sentences and sentence patterns 11
6 Register and style 12
7 Nouns and noun phrases 14
8 Pronouns 15
9 Demonstratives (ko-so-a(-do) words) 17
10 Particles 19
11 Topic marker wa 24
12 Verbs 26
13 Adjectives 32
14 Adverbs 35
15 Negation 37
16 Numbers and classifiers 41
17 Compounds 44
18 Formal nouns 46
19 Auxiliary verbs 51

v
 CONTENTS

20 The causative construction 53

21 The passive construction 56
22 Conjunctions and connectives 58
23 Temporal clauses 61
24 Conditional clauses 62
25 Relative (noun-modifying) clauses 64
26 Complement clauses 67
27 Tense and aspect 69
28 Evidential markers 72
29 Honorifics (keigo) 74

Part B Functions 77

30 Social interaction 79
31 Basic communication strategies 86
32 Questions 90
33 Reporting 92
34 Asking and giving personal information 94
35 Identifying 97
36 Telling the time, dates, etc. 98
37 Describing people, places, states and conditions 101
38 Comparisons 107
39 Contrast 110
40 Location and distance 112
41 Possession 115
42 Gifts 117
43 Kind acts 118
44 Experience 120
45 Intentions and plans 121
46 Temporal relations 123
47 Explanation, reason and purpose 126
vi
 Contents

48 Cause and effect 128

49 Describing procedures 130
50 Changes 131
51 Expressing abilities 133
52 Needs 135
53 Possibility and probability 137
54 Certainty and uncertainty 139
55 Provisions, conditions, and hypotheses 140
56 Understanding and knowing 142
57 Remembering and forgetting 144
58 General comments on the adjectives of emotions
and sensations 146
59 Gratitude 147
60 Apologies and forgiveness 149
61 Empathy 153
62 Likes and dislikes 154
63 Desires and preferences 156
64 Hopes and wishes 159
65 Joy and sorrow 160
66 Fear or worry 162
67 Distress and regret 164
68 Surprise 167
69 Hunger, thirst, and fatigue 169
70 Pain or discomfort 171
71 Satisfaction and dissatisfaction 173
72 Advice and suggestions 176
73 Requests 178
74 Offers and invitations 181
75 Orders (commands) 184
76 Directions and instructions 185
vii
 CONTENTS

77 Confirmation 187
78 Permission 189
79 Prohibition 191
80 Obligation and duty 193
81 Complaints 196
82 Compliments 199
83 Promises and warnings 202
84 Opinions 204
85 Agreement, disagreement and indifference 206
86 Choosing and deciding 209
87 Shopping 211
88 Ordering 213
89 Reservation 216

Answer key 219

Index 260

viii
 Introduction

The Modern Japanese Grammar Workbook IS A COMPANION TO Modern Japanese

Grammar: A Practical Guide AND IS DESIGNED TO HELP YOU TO STRENGTHEN YOUR
COMMAND OF *APANESE )T CAN BE USED ALONGSIDE A *APANESE TEXTBOOK IN
A REGULAR LANGUAGE PROGRAM OR AS REVIEW MATERIAL FOR INDEPENDENT STUDY
4HE !NSWER +EY AT THE END OF THE BOOK ALLOWS YOU TO CHECK YOUR ANSWERS AS
YOU WORK THROUGH THE EXERCISES
The exercises in the Workbook FOCUS ON STRUCTURES IN 0ART ! @3TRUCTURES  AND
COMMUNICATION IN 0ART " @&UNCTIONS )T WILL BE A GOOD IDEA TO WORK FROM
0ART ! IF YOU CAN IDENTIFY SPECIlC POINTS ON WHICH YOU NEED PRACTICE SUCH AS
PARTICLES TRANSITIVE INTRANSITIVE VERBS THE PASSIVE CONSTRUCTION EVIDENTIAL
MARKERS EG you @SEEM AND HONORIlCS keigo  0ART " IS ORGANIZED ACCORDING
TO LANGUAGE USE IN PARTICULAR SITUATIONS (ERE YOU CAN PRACTICE WAYS OF DOING
THINGS SUCH AS DESCRIBING A PLACE SHOWING GRATITUDE APOLOGIZING EXPRESSING
SURPRISE AND ASKING THE WAY
7ITH ABUNDANT STRUCTURAL AND ESPECIALLY USAGE EXERCISES THIS Workbook is
UNIQUE AND THE TYPES AND CONTENT OF THE EXERCISES ARE lRMLY ANCHORED ON THE
AUTHORS RESEARCH ON *APANESE PRAGMATICS AND LANGUAGE PEDAGOGY %XERCISES
ARE DERIVED FROM REALISTIC CONTEXTS AND REmECT ACTUAL USE 3ETTINGS TOPICS
AND SPEAKER ROLES AND RELATIONSHIPS RANGE GREATLY 4HE EXERCISES DEAL MAINLY
WITH SPOKEN LANGUAGE FACE TO FACE TELEPHONE BUT ALSO WRITTEN LANGUAGE
EG E MAILS DIARIES ONLINE REVIEWS 
The Workbook IS APPROPRIATE FOR NEAR BEGINNERS TO INTERMEDIATE AND POST
INTERMEDIATE LEARNERS AT THE HIGH SCHOOL AND COLLEGE LEVEL AND FOR TEACHERS AS
A RESOURCE BOOK )NSTRUCTIONS FOR THE EXERCISES ARE GIVEN IN %NGLISH AND ALL
PROBLEMS AND ANSWERS ARE PRESENTED IN BOTH *APANESE SCRIPT HIRAGANA
KATAKANA AND KANJI AND ROMANIZATION
%XERCISES ARE GRADED ON A  LEVEL SCALE ACCORDING TO WHETHER THEY USE
BASIC VOCABULARY AND GRAMMATICAL KNOWLEDGE
WIDER VOCABULARY AND GRAMMATICAL KNOWLEDGE
ADVANCED VOCABULARY AND GRAMMATICAL KNOWLEDGE
7E HOPE YOU lND THE EXERCISES NOT ONLY HELPFUL BUT ENJOYABLE

.AOMI (ANAOKA -C'LOIN
-UTSUKO %NDO (UDSON
&UMIKO .AZIKIAN
4OMOMI +AKEGAWA

ix
 Notes on romanization

4HE ROMANIZATION USED IN BOTH THE Modern Japanese Grammar: A Practical Guide
(PG) and the Modern Japanese Grammar Workbook are slight variants of the
(EPBURN SYSTEM /NE MAJOR MODIlCATION IS HOW LONG VOWELS ARE ROMANIZED
)N PG LONG VOWELS ARE REPRESENTED BY DOUBLE LETTERS AS IN aa ii uu ee, oo )N
the Workbook LONG A I U ARE WRITTEN BY DOUBLE LETTERS BUT LONG E AND O
are transcribed as ei and ou FOLLOWING *APANESE kana spelling conventions.
Hiragana PG Workbook
ࡏࢇࡏ࠸ sensee sensei
࠿ࢇࡑ࠺ kansoo kansou
This convention is adopted for the Workbook BECAUSE IF ONE WANTS TO LOOK UP
WORDS IN DICTIONARIES ONE NEEDS TO FOLLOW THE kana spelling convention.
4HE *APANESE WORD MEANING @TO SAY IS PRONOUNCED AS yuu BUT IS WRITTEN WITH
hiragana for i and u ࠸࠺ IN DICTIONARIES THEREFORE IT IS ROMANIZED AS iu
in the Workbook .OTE ALSO THAT ALL LONG VOWELS IN LOAN WORDS EG ࢡ࣮ࣝ
࣓࣮ࣝ ࢦ࣮ࣝ ARE WRITTEN WITH DOUBLE LETTERS EG kuuru @COOL  meeru @MAIL 
gooru @GOAL 

x
 Acknowledgments

4HE AUTHORS WOULD LIKE TO EXPRESS THEIR APPRECIATION TO -ANUEL &ERNANDEZ

'ROVER (UDSON AND *IM -C'LOIN FOR PROOFREADING OUR %NGLISH AND FOR THEIR
UNmAGGING SUPPORT AND TO 3HIGERU %GUCHI FOR PREPARING THE ILLUSTRATIONS USED
IN THE BOOK 7E ALSO THANK THE 5NIVERSITY OF 7ISCONSIN %AU #LAIRE /FlCE OF
2ESEARCH AND 3PONSORED 0ROGRAMS /230 FOR A 5NIVERSITY 2ESEARCH AND
#REATIVE !CTIVITY 'RANT WHICH ENABLED CO AUTHOR +AKEGAWA TO WORK ON THIS
Workbook DURING SUMMER 

xi
Thispageintentionallyleftblank
Part A

Structures
Thispageintentionallyleftblank
 1
Introduction: major features of
Japanese grammar
1  Fill in the blanks with the words provided in the box to render the Japanese
equivalent of the English sentences. You may use the same word more than
once. Note that the English words that appear in parentheses will not appear
in Japanese.
Example: ձ⚾ࡢẕ ࡣ  ᩍᖌ  ࡛ࡍ .
 ձWatashi no haha wa kyoushi desu .
ղ㧗ᰯ koukou __________ __________ __________ __________ࠋ
ճᏛᰯ gakkou __________ __________ __________ __________ࠋ
մẖ᪥ mainichi __________ __________ __________ࠋ
ձMy mother is a teacher. ղ(She) teaches English at high school.
ճ(Her) school is located in Yokohama. մ(She) is very busy every day.

ᩍᖌ࣭ᶓ὾࣭ⱥㄒ࣭࠶ࡾࡲࡍ࣭ᩍ࠼࡚࠸ࡲࡍ࣭ᛁࡋ࠸࣭࡜࡚ࡶ࣭࡛ࡍ࣭ࢆ࣭
࡛࣭࡟࣭ࡣ
kyoushi࣭Yokohama࣭Eigo࣭arimasu࣭oshiete imasu࣭isogashii࣭
totemo࣭desu࣭o࣭de࣭ni࣭wa

➪ 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

2 
Bracket the part of the sentence that modifies the underlined word.
Example: ձ >⚾ࡢ@ ᑓᨷࡣ⌧௦ᩥᏛ࡛ࡍࠋ
ղ ࡓ࠸࡚࠸⡆༢࡞₎Ꮠࡸ▷࠸ヰࢆㄞࡴ᫬ࡣ㎡᭩ࢆ౑࠸ࡲࡏࢇࠋճ ௒ࠊᮧୖ᫓ᶞࡀ᭩
࠸ࡓᮏࢆㄞࢇ࡛࠸ࡲࡍࠋմ ࡲࡔ㏿ࡃㄞࡴࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁࡲࡏࢇࡀࠊ࡜࡚ࡶ㠃ⓑ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸
ࡲࡍࠋ
Example: ձ [Watashi no] senkou wa gendai bungaku desu.
ղ Taitei kantan na kanji ya mijikai hanashi o yomu toki wa jisho o
tsukaimasen. ճ Ima, Murakami Haruki ga kaita hon o yonde imasu.
մ Mada hayaku yomu koto wa dekimasen ga, totemo omoshiroi to
omoimasu.
➪ 1.2

3
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