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Studies in Philosophy
and the
History of Philosophy

Founded in 1960 by John K. Ryan


Volume 4

STUDIES IN PHILOSOPHY
AND THE
HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHy'

Edited by

JOHN K. RYAN

THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA PRESS


Washington, D. C. 20017
Paperback Edition Copyright © 2018
The Catholic University of America Press
All rights reserved

The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the
American National Standards for Information Science – Permanence of paper for
Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984.

Cataloging-in-Publication Data available from the Library of Congress
ISBN 978-0-8132-3106-8 (pbk)
TABLE OF CONTENTS

page
1. Prayer for Plato and Plutarch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Ioannes Mauropous. Translated by John K. Ryan

2. The Philosopher-Monk According to the


Pseudo-Areopagite ............................. 3
Caroline Canfield Putnam, R.S.C.J.

3. The Logic of Confucian Dialogues. . . . ... .. .. .. .. .. .. 18


A.S. Cua

4. Lessons from the History of Science and Technology. . . 34


Jude P. Dougherty

5. Does Acquired Moral Virtue Entail Facility? . . . . . . . . . 51


Gilbert B. Arbuckle

6. Ancients and Modems: Notes on Interpreting Hume... 69


Thomas Prufer

7. The Concept of Time in St. Augustine.............. 75


John M. Quinn, O.S.A.

8. Duns Scotus and St. Anselm's Ontological Argument.. 128


Bernardino M. Bonansea, O.F.M.

9. The Anachronism of Certain Neothomistic Physical


Doctrines ..................................... 142
Marius G. Schneider, O.F.M.
V
10. Thomas Aquinas and the Problem of Universals:
A Re-examination ............................. 174
B. Ryosuke Inagaki

11. Radical Reality According to Jose Ortega y Gasset. .. .. 191


Felix Alluntis, O.F.M.

12. Scholasticism, Nominalism and Martin Luther........ 207


Richard P. Desharnais, C.S.C.

NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS 229

INDEX .........................................•..... 281

vi
1

A PRAYER FOR PLATO AND PLUTARCH

by
IOANNEs]dAuRoPous

Lord Jesus Christ, if Thou wouldst deign


to release any pagans from Thy just judgment,
then at this prayer of mine
Plato release, and Plutarchl

In what they taught and what they did


each one was near Thy Law,
. and if they were unable to see that
Thou art God and Lord of all,
there is need but for Thy gift of grace,
wherein doth lie Thy will
to save all humankind.
Translated by John K. Ryan

The Greek text of this prayer by Ioannes ]dauropous, an llth-


century ]detropolitan of Euchaeta, is given in the ]digne edition of
his works, Patrologia graeca, CXX, 1156-57, as follows:
Et7l'e:p TWa! POVAO'O Tciiv tU.>..OTptwV
rii! aii! a.7I'e:&A~! £~£Aiu6cu, Xp'UTi p.ov,
IIA.lfTwvCl KClt IIAOVTClPXov £~iAOr.O P.O"
/lp.q,w ylip fiu, KClt A.Oyov Kat ,.ov Tp07I'OV
Toi! UO;:! vaP.O!! iYY'UTCl 71'POU7l'£q,VKOT£!.

e:l 8'~y~u8'v W! 6e:o! aU Tciiv aAwV


t:VTClv6Cl rii! aii! XP"IUTOT7JTO! 8£;: p.Ovov
8,' ~v 471'ClVTCl! Bwpe:av uW~e:&v 8iAe:!!.
]digne also gives a Latin translation of the prayer:
1
2 STUDIES IN PHILOSOPHY

Si quosdam alienos e tuis minis excipere velles, Christe mi,


Platonem et Plutarchum excipe, quaeso. Ambo enim more ac
sermone tuis legibus maxime paruerunt. Si vero te Deum uni-
versorum esse non cognoveru"nt, hie tua benignitate sola qua
cunctos vis salvare gratis, opus est.
The prayer has been put into English in rhymed couplets by John
Oakesmith in his The Religion of Plutarch as Expounded in His
Ethics (London: Sheppard and St. John, 1901), p. 203. His transla-
tion is reprinted in the Loeb Classical Library edition of Plutarch's
Moralia, Vol. I, p. xvii.
2

THE PHILOSOPHER-MONK ACCORDING TO DENIS


THE PSEUDO-AREOPAGITE

by

CAROLINE CANFIELD PUTNAM, R.S.C.J.

In considering the problems raised by the writings of Denis the


Pseudo-Areopagite, it is tempting to look on the persons and events
he mentions as disguises rather than as clues. However, since
Vanneste has pointed out the obvious link between the Areopagus
speech of Acts 17 and the dionysian teaching about the "unknown
God,"l it may be helpful to follow up other hints which Denis has
given us.
I.
The Areopagus speech in its entirety is one of these. Viewed as
a whole, it furnishes a more complete outline for The Divine
Names than any of the other sources from which its author may
have borrowed. 2 Aside from the concept of JAofTIJ.vo/.a,3 which he
neglects altogether, the topics of the exhortation not only appear in
The Divine Names, but are also enlarged upon: ii:yvlllula as a con-
dition of human perfection and a quality of man's awareness of
God, transcendent causality, the nature of limit and duration, the
function of justice, and the oneness of mankind.
Denis also takes over the methods of the discourse. He begins
as a philosopher talking to philosophers, laying down fundamental

1 J. Vanneste, Le Mystere de Dieu: Essai sur la structure rationnelle de la


doctrine mystique du Pseudo-Denys l'Art!opagite (Brussels: Desclee De Brouwer,
1959), p. 14.
2 C. Pera, in S. Thomae Aquinatis in librum beati Dionysii De divinis nomini-
bus expositio (Turin: Marietti, 1950), pp. 156-226, gives full notes on the
relationship of D.N. IV to De malorum subsistentia of Proclus. E. von Ivanka
in "Der Aufbau der Schrift 'De divinis nominibus' des Ps.-Dionysios," Scholastik,
XXV (1940). pp. 889-99. shows the dependence of D.N. IX on the Parmenides.
3 See Pera. op. cit., p. 225. n. 8. He refers to ER., 561D.

3
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