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SUBJECT and GRADE

TERM 3 Week 3
r: L.
Mathematics Grade 11
DATE: 04 August – 08 August
TOPIC
AIMS OF LESSON
RESOURCES
ZHOU
Functions and Graphs: Finding the equation of functions
 To find the equation of the Parabola, hyperbola and exponential functions if graph is given.
Paper based resources Digital resources
Please go to the Functions and Graphs Parabola: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5yecNfFyvF8
section in your Mathematics Textbook. Hyperbola: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mx9-3WqFV6c
Exponential: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YYNYc6HP6sk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vmFiraM8qTw
INTRODUCTION By now you should have dealt with the parabola, hyperbola and the exponential functions where you have sketched the
functions and made deductions from the sketches. In this lesson we will determine the equations of the
mentioned functions.

 parabola: 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 and the turning point form: 𝑦 = 𝑎(𝑥 + 𝑝)2 + 𝑞, where (−𝑝; 𝑞) are the
Recall: the general form for the,

coordinates of the turning point. Note: when we determine the x-intercepts/ roots, we use: 𝑦 = 𝑎(𝑥 − 𝑥1)(𝑥
− 𝑥2) where 𝑥1 and 𝑥2 are the roots of the parabola.
𝑎
 hyperbola: 𝑦 = + 𝑞 where 𝑥 = −𝑝 and 𝑦 = 𝑞 are the equations of the asymptotes of the hyperbola.
𝑥+𝑝
 exponential function: 𝑦 = 𝑎. 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑞 where 𝑦 = 𝑞 is the equation of the asymptote of the exponential function.
CONCEPTS AND SKILLS
LESSON 1: TO DETERMINE THE EQUATION OF A GIVEN PARABOLA
Example 1: Determine the equation of the given parabola. CAN YOU?
1. Determine the equation of the parabola
𝑦 = 𝑎(𝑥 − 𝑥1)(𝑥 − 𝑥2)
Solution: y given below. y

Substitute 𝒙𝟏 = −𝟐 and 𝒙𝟐 = 𝟑
2 Roots and another point are

∴ 𝑦 = 𝑎[𝑥 − (−2)][𝑥 − 3)
given: use -1 1 x

𝑦 = 𝑎(𝑥 − 𝑥1)(𝑥 − 𝑥2)

= 𝑎(𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 − 3) …
0
0 x

Now determine the value of a by substituting the point (0; −𝟔)

-2 3

into : 𝑦 = 𝑎(𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 − 3)

𝑥 = 0; 𝑦 =
 −𝟔 = 𝑎(𝟎 + 2)(𝟎 − 3)
−6 -6 (2; -6)
 −6 = 𝑎(−6)  𝑎 = 1 Answer: 𝒚 = −𝟐𝒙 + 𝟐
𝟐

equation: 𝑦 = 1(𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 − 3) = 𝑥2 − 𝑥 − 6

 below in the form, 𝑦 = 𝑎(𝑥 + 𝑝)2 + 𝑞 .
Example 2: Determine the equation of the given parabola. Determine the equation of the parabola given

Solution: Turning point and another

𝑦

𝑦 = 𝑎(𝑥 + 𝑝) + 𝑞
point are given: use
2
𝑦 = 𝑎(𝑥 + 𝑝) + 𝑞 2
(−2 ; 5)
Substitute −𝑝 = 1  𝒑 = −𝟏 and 𝒒 = 𝟒
∴ 𝑦 = 𝑎(𝑥 − 1)2 + 4 …
Determine the value of a by substituting the point (𝟐; −𝟏)
𝑥

𝑦 = 𝑎(𝑥 − 1) + 4 2

∴ −𝟏 = 𝑎[(𝟐) − 1]2 + 4
into :

∴ −1 = 𝑎[1]2 + 4
∴ −1 − 4 = 𝒂 = −𝟓 (2; −3)

 equation: 𝑦 = −5(𝑥 − 1) + 4 2
OR 𝑦 = −5𝑥 + 10𝑥 − 1
2
Answer: 𝑦 =
1
(𝑥 − 2)2 − 3
Take note of the different forms of the equivalent equation 2
Do Exercises form your Textbook: Finding equation of Parabola Maths Handbook and study guide pg 304 Exercise 3 number 3
LESSON 2: TO DETERMINE THE EQUATION OF A GIVEN HYPERBOLA
Example 3: Determine the equation of the hyperbola in the diagram: CAN YOU?
y
Determine the equation of the hyperbola in the
Solution: The equation of asymptote diagram: y
𝑎 are
𝑦 = +𝑞
𝑥+𝑝
(4; 4)
Substitute −𝑝 = 2  𝒑 = −𝟐 and 𝒒 = 𝟏
x = 2 and y = 1
1 0 2 x
𝑎
∴𝑦 = +𝟏 …
𝑥−𝟐
of a by substituting the point (𝟒; 𝟒)
x
𝑎
into : 𝑦 = +𝟏
Determine the value 0 2
𝑥−𝟐
𝑎
∴𝟒 = +1
-3
𝟒−2
𝑎
∴4 = +1
(3; -4)

∴ Answer: 𝒚 = −𝟑
−𝟏
2
𝑎
3 =
𝒙−𝟐

2
6
∴ 6 = 𝑎  Equation: 𝑦 = +1
𝑥−2
Do Exercises from your Textbook: Finding equation of hyperbola Exercise 4 pg 304 Maths handbook and studyguide
LESSON 3: TO DETERMINE THE EQUATION OF AN EXPONENTIAL FUNCTION
Example 4: Determine the equation of the exponential function below: CAN YOU?
Solution: Determine the equation of the following
y

𝑦 = 𝑎. 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑞
We must find the exponential function
y
𝒒=𝟒
values of a, b and q 4

∴ 𝑦 = 𝑎. 𝑏𝑥 + 4 …
Substitute Equation of
Asymptote is:
2

∴
5
Substitute the y-intercept (0; 2) into to determine a
𝟐 = 𝑎. 𝑏𝟎 + 4
y=4
0 x

∴ 2 = 𝑎. 1 + 4 (-1; 1)

∴ −2 = 𝑎  𝑦 = −2. 𝑏 + 4 …
𝑥
0 x
(1; -2)

∴ −𝟐 = −2. 𝑏𝟏 + 4
Substitute the point (1; -2) into to determine b
-1

∴ −6 = −2. 𝑏
∴3 = 𝑏
Equation: 𝑦 = −2. 3𝑥 + 4
Revise exponential laws
Answer: 𝑦 = 6. 3𝑥 − 1 OR 𝑦 = 2. 3𝑥+1 − 1
ACTIVITIES/ASSESSMENT Mind Action Series Platinum Classroom Mathematics Everything Mathematics
Ch 4 Topic 5 Ch 5 Ch 5
Pg: 63/64; 66/67; 71/73 Pg. 90-91; 98-99; Pg: 109-112; 118-124; Pg: 161-163; 181-183
and 78-80 104-105; 106- 125-131 and 191-196
109; 114-115

 If roots and a point are given; use 𝑦 = 𝑎(𝑥 − 𝑥1)(𝑥 − 𝑥2) where 𝑥1 and 𝑥2 are the roots; substitute other point to
CONSOLIDATION Parabola:

 If turning point and another point are given; use 𝑦 = 𝑎(𝑥 + 𝑝)2 + 𝑞 where (−𝑝; 𝑞) are the coordinates of the turning
determine a.

point; substitute other point to determine a.

 Use 𝑦 = + 𝑞 where 𝑥 = −𝑝 and 𝑦 = 𝑞 are the equations of the asymptotes; substitute other point to determine a.
𝑎
Hyperbola:
𝑥+𝑝

 Use 𝑦 = 𝑎. 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑞 where 𝑦 = 𝑞 is the equation of the asymptote; substitute y-intercept to determine a and another
Exponential function:

point to determine b (if not given).