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Types of Distillation

The document outlines various types of distillation, including simple, fractional, steam, vacuum, azeotropic, reactive, and extractive distillation, each with specific applications in chemical industries. Distillation is highlighted as a crucial and economical separation process used for purifying liquids, refining crude oil, extracting essential oils, and producing high-purity chemicals. The document emphasizes the importance of distillation in achieving desired separation in mass transfer processes.

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Mule Avishkar Dattatray
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22 views9 pages

Types of Distillation

The document outlines various types of distillation, including simple, fractional, steam, vacuum, azeotropic, reactive, and extractive distillation, each with specific applications in chemical industries. Distillation is highlighted as a crucial and economical separation process used for purifying liquids, refining crude oil, extracting essential oils, and producing high-purity chemicals. The document emphasizes the importance of distillation in achieving desired separation in mass transfer processes.

Uploaded by

Mule Avishkar Dattatray
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Types of Distillation and their

Applications!
Distillation is called the 'Workhorse of
Chemical Industries'
Most of the mass transfer
processes are aided by
Distillation to achieve the
desired separation.

It is a most economic and


time-tested separation
process!

Types of Distillation->>>

©Chirag Jain
SWIPE
Simple Distillation
The most basic type of distillation is used to
separate components with a significant
difference in boiling points.
Widely used to purify liquids, such as water,
ethanol, and other organic solvents.

©Chirag Jain
Fractional Distillation
Used when the difference between the boiling
points of the components in a mixture is not
large enough to separate them by simple
distillation.
Fractional distillation is commonly used in the
refining of crude oil to obtain different
petroleum products, such as gasoline, diesel,
and lubricants.

©Chirag Jain
Steam Distillation
It is used to extract volatile compounds from
plant material, such as essential oils.
Steam distillation is also used in the
production of distilled water and in the
separation of organic compounds that are
immiscible with water.

©Chirag Jain
Vacuum Distillation
Used to distill temperature-sensitive
compounds by lowering the pressure in the
distillation apparatus. This reduces the
boiling point of the compound and prevents
it from decomposing.
Vacuum distillation is commonly used in the
purification of organic solvents and in the
production of high-purity chemicals.

©Chirag Jain
Azeotropic Distillation
Used to separate components with similar
boiling points that form an azeotrope, a
mixture that boils at a constant temperature.
Azeotropic distillation is commonly used in
the production of anhydrous ethanol and in
the purification of other organic solvents.

©Chirag Jain
Reactive Distillation
Used to perform both distillation and
chemical reactions simultaneously.
Reactive distillation is commonly used in
the production of esters and other
organic compounds.

©Chirag Jain
Extractive Distillation
Used to separate components with similar
boiling points by adding a third component
that forms an azeotrope with one of the
components.

Extractive distillation is commonly used in


the production of high-purity chemicals and
in the separation of azeotropic mixtures.

©Chirag Jain
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informative content on Chemical
Engineering!

Chirag Jain

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