🟩 1.
Revision of Class IX Syllabus
Q1: What is a variable?
A: A variable is a container used to store data values.
Q2: Name the basic data types in Java.
A: int, float, double, char, boolean.
Q3: What is the use of an if statement?
A: It executes a block of code if a specified condition is true.
🟩 2. Class as a Basis of all Computation
Q4: What is a class?
A: A blueprint from which objects are created.
Q5: What is an object?
A: An instance of a class that contains data and behavior.
Q6: What does the new keyword do?
A: It allocates memory dynamically for objects.
🟩 3. Constructors
Q7: What is a constructor?
A: A special method used to initialize objects.
Q8: What are the types of constructors?
A: Default and Parameterized constructors.
Q9: What is constructor overloading?
A: Defining multiple constructors with different parameter lists.
🟩 4. Functions / Methods
Q10: What is a method?
A: A block of code that performs a specific task.
Q11: What are the advantages of using methods?
A: Code reusability, modularity, and easier debugging.
Q12: What is method overloading?
A: Creating multiple methods with the same name but different parameters.
Q13: What are some common Math class methods?
A: sqrt(), pow(), abs(), ceil(), floor(), random().
🟩 5. Using Library Classes
Q14: What is the purpose of the import statement?
A: To include library classes from packages.
Q15: Name two commonly used packages in Java.
A: java.util, java.lang.
Q16: What is the use of the Math class?
A: To perform mathematical operations.
🟩 6. Encapsulation
Q17: What is encapsulation?
A: Wrapping data and code together in a single unit (class).
Q18: Why use the private keyword?
A: To restrict access and protect data.
Q19: What are getters and setters?
A: Methods used to access and modify private variables.
🟩 7. Arrays
Q20: What is an array?
A: A collection of elements of the same type stored in a single variable.
Q21: How are arrays declared in Java?
A: int[] arr = new int[5];
Q22: What are two common sorting algorithms?
A: Bubble Sort and Selection Sort.
🟩 8. String Handling
Q23: What is the difference between String and StringBuffer?
A: String is immutable; StringBuffer is mutable.
Q24: What does charAt() do?
A: Returns the character at a specified index.
Q25: What does substring() do?
A: Extracts part of a string from a specified start index.
Q26: What does equals() do?
A: Compares the content of two strings.
🟩 9. Basic Input/Output
Q27: How do you take input in Java?
A: Using the Scanner class.
Q28: How do you print output?
A: Using System.out.print() or System.out.println().
🟩 10. Logical Operators
Q29: What are the logical operators in Java?
A: && (AND), || (OR), ! (NOT).
Q30: Where are logical operators used?
A: In conditional statements and loops.
🟩 11. Conditional Constructs and Looping
Q31: Name all conditional statements.
A: if, if-else, else-if, switch.
Q32: Name the loop types.
A: for, while, do-while.
Q33: What does break do?
A: Exits a loop or switch.
Q34: What does continue do?
A: Skips the current iteration of a loop.
🟩 12. Simple Library Classes
Q35: Name two wrapper classes.
A: Integer, Double.
Q36: Why are wrapper classes used?
A: To convert primitive data types into objects.
Q37: Give an example of autoboxing.
A: Integer obj = 5; // int to Integer
🟩 Flashcards (Extended Set)
1. Q: Define a variable in Java.
A: A variable is a named memory location used to store data of a specific type.
2. Q: List Java primitive data types.
A: byte, short, int, long, float, double, char, boolean.
3. Q: What is a data type?
A: A data type defines the type of data a variable can hold.
4. Q: Differentiate between ‘=’ and ‘==’ operators.
A: ‘=’ is an assignment operator, ‘==’ is a comparison operator.
5. Q: What are the types of operators in Java?
A: Arithmetic, relational, logical, assignment, unary, and conditional operators.
6. Q: What is object-oriented programming?
A: A programming paradigm based on the concept of objects containing data and
behavior.
7. Q: Explain the concept of 'object' in Java.
A: An object is an instance of a class that has state and behavior.
8. Q: How is an object created in Java?
A: Using the new keyword with a class constructor.
9. Q: What is the role of a class in Java?
A: A class serves as a blueprint to create objects.
10. Q: What is a constructor?
A: A special method used to initialize objects.
11. Q: What is a default constructor?
A: A constructor with no parameters, provided by Java if not defined.
12. Q: Can constructors be overloaded?
A: Yes, by defining multiple constructors with different parameter lists.
13. Q: What is a function prototype?
A: The declaration of a method showing its return type and parameters.
14. Q: What are return types in Java?
A: Types of values a method can return, e.g., int, String, void.
15. Q: What is the difference between formal and actual parameters?
A: Formal parameters are in the method definition; actual parameters are in the call.
16. Q: Explain pass by value.
A: Java passes arguments by value, meaning copies of values are passed to
methods.
17. Q: What is java.lang package?
A: A default package in Java that includes essential classes like String and Math.
18. Q: What does Math.random() return?
A: A double value between 0.0 (inclusive) and 1.0 (exclusive).
19. Q: What is the wrapper class for int?
A: Integer.
20. Q: Why are wrapper classes necessary?
A: To use primitive types as objects in collections or generics.
21. Q: How does Java achieve encapsulation?
A: By using private variables with public getters and setters.
22. Q: Give an example of encapsulation.
A: A class with private fields and public methods to access/modify them.
23. Q: How do you declare a 1D array?
A: int[] arr = new int[5];
24. Q: What is array traversal?
A: Accessing each element of the array one by one using loops.
25. Q: How to search for an element in an array?
A: Using a loop to compare each element with the target value.
26. Q: What is bubble sort?
A: A sorting algorithm that repeatedly swaps adjacent elements if out of order.
27. Q: Difference between equals() and == for Strings?
A: equals() compares content; == compares memory references.
28. Q: How to convert String to uppercase?
A: Using toUpperCase() method.
29. Q: What is String immutability?
A: A String's value cannot be changed once created.
30. Q: How to append to a StringBuffer?
A: Using append() method.
31. Q: How to create a Scanner object?
A: Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
32. Q: Which package is needed for Scanner?
A: java.util.
33. Q: What is short-circuiting in logical operators?
A: Java skips evaluation of second condition if the first is sufficient.
34. Q: What is a switch-case used for?
A: Selecting one of many code blocks to execute based on a variable.
35. Q: Syntax of a for loop?
A: for(init; condition; update) { ... }
36. Q: When is a do-while loop used?
A: When the loop must run at least once.
37. Q: Difference between while and do-while?
A: while checks before execution; do-while checks after.
38. Q: How to convert int to Integer?
A: Integer obj = Integer.valueOf(num);
39. Q: How to convert Integer to int?
A: int num = obj.intValue();
40. Q: What does parseInt() do?
A: Converts a String to an int.
