NCERT Class 9 – Polynomials Exemplar (25 Important &
Difficult Problems)
SECTION – Questions
1. Find the degree of the polynomial p(x) = 2x³ − 5x² + 7x − 9.
2. If (x − 1) is a factor of p(x) = x³ + kx² − 2x + 1, find the value of k.
3. Divide p(x) = x³ − 3x² + 4x − 12 by (x − 3) and find quotient and remainder.
4. Construct a cubic polynomial whose zeros are −2, 1, 3.
5. Show that (x − 2) is a factor of p(x) = x³ − 4x² + x + 6.
6. If two zeros of p(x) = x³ − 2x² − 5x + 6 are 1 and 2, find the third zero.
7. Use identity (a+b)³ = a³ + b³ + 3ab(a+b) to evaluate 51³ + 49³.
8. Find the remainder when p(x) = x■ − 3x³ + 5x² − 7x + 9 is divided by (x − 2).
9. Factorise: x³ + 64.
10. If p(x) = x³ + 3x² + 3x + 1, find p(−1). Interpret the result.
11. Evaluate 98² using identity (a − b)².
12. Expand (2x + 3y + 4z)² using identity.
13. Factorise: x³ − 2x² − x + 2.
14. If p(x) = 2x³ + 3x² − 5x + k has (x+1) as a factor, find k.
15. Using identity, evaluate (105)² − (95)².
16. Simplify (x+1)³ + (x−1)³.
17. Show that x³+8y³+27z³−18xyz = (x+2y+3z)(x²+4y²+9z²−2xy−3xz−6yz).
18. Evaluate (999)² using identity.
19. Factorise 8x³+27y³.
20. Construct quadratic polynomial whose sum of zeroes=−5, product=6.
21. Factorise: x■ − 1.
22. If α, β are zeros of x²−7x+12, find α²+β².
23. Using identity, expand (x+y−z)².
24. Find the remainder when x³+3x²+3x+1 is divided by (x+1).
25. Factorise 2x³+3x²−2x−3.
SECTION – Detailed Solutions
Q1. Degree is the highest power of x. Here the highest power is 3. So degree = 3.
Q2. By Factor Theorem, put x=1: 1 + k − 2 + 1 = 0 ⇒ k = 0.
Q3. Using synthetic division with root 3: coefficients 1, −3, 4, −12 ⇒ row 1, 0, 4, 0. Quotient =
x² + 0x + 4, Remainder = 0.
Q4. p(x) = (x+2)(x−1)(x−3) = x³ − 2x² − 5x + 6.
Q5. Put x=2 ⇒ 8 − 16 + 2 + 6 = 0 ⇒ divisible.
Q6. Product of roots = −constant term / leading coefficient = −6/1 = −6. Given two roots are 1
and 2, product=2. Third root = −6/2 = −3.
Q7. Take a=51, b=49 ⇒ a+b=100. Expression = (a+b)³ − 3ab(a+b) = 100³ − 3·51·49·100 =
1,000,000 − 749,700 = 250,300.
Q8. p(2) = 16 − 24 + 20 − 14 + 9 = 7. Remainder = 7.
Q9. This is a³ + b³ with a=x, b=4. ⇒ (x+4)(x² − 4x + 16).
Q10. p(−1) = (−1)³ + 3(1) + 3(−1) + 1 = −1+3−3+1=0 ⇒ (x+1) is a factor.
Q11. 98 = 100 − 2 ⇒ (100 − 2)² = 10000 − 400 + 4 = 9604.
Q12. = 4x² + 9y² + 16z² + 12xy + 16xz + 24yz.
Q13. Group: (x³ − 2x²) − (x − 2) = x²(x−2) −1(x−2) = (x−2)(x²−1) = (x−2)(x−1)(x+1).
Q14. Put x=−1: −2+3+5+k=0 ⇒ k=−6.
Q15. Use a²−b²=(a−b)(a+b). Here 10·200=2000.
Q16. = (x³+3x²+3x+1)+(x³−3x²+3x−1)=2x³+6x.
Q17. This is identity a³+b³+c³−3abc with a=x, b=2y, c=3z.
Q18. 999=1000−1 ⇒ (1000−1)² = 1000000 − 2000 + 1 = 998001.
Q19. = (2x+3y)(4x²−6xy+9y²).
Q20. p(x)=x² − (sum)x + product = x²+5x+6.
Q21. = (x²−1)(x²+1) = (x−1)(x+1)(x²+1).
Q22. α+β=7, αβ=12. α²+β²=(α+β)²−2αβ=49−24=25.
Q23. = x²+y²+z²+2xy−2xz−2yz.
Q24. p(−1)= (−1)³+3(1)−3+1=0 ⇒ remainder=0.
Q25. Group: (2x³+3x²)−(2x+3) = (2x+3)(x²−1) = (2x+3)(x−1)(x+1).
