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 SHŌBŌGENZŌ
THE TRUE DHARMA-EYE TREASURY
VOLUME I

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© 2009
 BDK English Tripiṭaka Series

SHŌBŌGENZŌ
THE TRUE DHARMA-EYE TREASURY
Volume I
(Taishō Volume 82, Number 2582)

Translated from the Japanese

by

Gudo Wafu Nishijima

and
Chodo Cross

Numata Center
for Buddhist Translation and Research
2007
Copyright of the Original Edition © 1994–1999 Gudo Wafu Nishijima and Chodo Cross

Gudo Nishijima was born in Yokohama, Japan, in 1919, and graduated from Tokyo
University in 1946. In 1940 he first met Master Kōdō Sawaki, whose teaching he
received until the master’s death in 1965. During this time he combined the daily
practice of zazen and study of the Shōbōgenzō with a career at the Japanese Ministry
of Finance and at a securities financing company. In 1973 he became a priest under
the late Master Renpo Niwa, and in 1977 he received transmission of the Dharma
from Master Niwa (who subsequently became abbot of Eiheiji). Shortly thereafter
Nishijima became a consultant to the Ida Ryogokudo company, and in 1987 estab-
lished the Ida Ryogokudo Zazen Dōjō in Ichikawa City near Tokyo. He continues to
give instruction in zazen and lectures, in Japanese and in English, on Master Dōgen’s
works in Tokyo and Osaka and at the Tokei-in Temple in Shizuoka Prefecture.

Chodo Cross was born in Birmingham, England, in 1959. He went to Japan in

1982, after graduating from Sheffield University, met Nishijima Roshi in June 1982,
and received the Buddhist precepts in May 1983. In 1994 he returned to England to
train as a teacher of the FM Alexander Technique. He formally received the Dharma
in 1998 and in the following year established the Middle Way Re-education Centre
(www.the-middle-way.org).

Copyright © 2007 by Bukkyō Dendō Kyōkai and

Numata Center for Buddhist Translation and Research
Reprinted by permission of Gudo Wafu Nishijima and Chodo Cross

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored

in a retrieval system, or transcribed in any form or by any means
—electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise—
without the prior written permission of the publisher.

Second Printing, 2009

ISBN: 978-1-886439-35-1
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 2007938225

Published by
Numata Center for Buddhist Translation and Research
2620 Warring Street
Berkeley, California 94704

Printed in the United States of America

 A Message on the Publication of the
English Tripiṭaka

The Buddhist canon is said to contain eighty-four thousand different teachings.

I believe that this is because the Buddha’s basic approach was to prescribe a
different treatment for every spiritual ailment, much as a doctor prescribes a
different medicine for every medical ailment. Thus his teachings were always
appropriate for the particular suffering individual and for the time at which the
teaching was given, and over the ages not one of his prescriptions has failed to
relieve the suffering to which it was addressed.
Ever since the Buddha’s Great Demise over twenty-five hundred years ago,
his message of wisdom and compassion has spread throughout the world. Yet
no one has ever attempted to translate the entire Buddhist canon into English
throughout the history of Japan. It is my greatest wish to see this done and to
make the translations available to the many English-speaking people who have
never had the opportunity to learn about the Buddha’s teachings.
Of course, it would be impossible to translate all of the Buddha’s eighty-
four thousand teachings in a few years. I have, therefore, had one hundred thirty-
nine of the scriptural texts in the prodigious Taishō edition of the Chinese Buddhist
canon selected for inclusion in the First Series of this translation project.
It is in the nature of this undertaking that the results are bound to be criti-
cized. Nonetheless, I am convinced that unless someone takes it upon himself
or herself to initiate this project, it will never be done. At the same time, I hope
that an improved, revised edition will appear in the future.
It is most gratifying that, thanks to the efforts of more than a hundred Buddhist
scholars from the East and the West, this monumental project has finally gotten
off the ground. May the rays of the Wisdom of the Compassionate One reach
each and every person in the world.

NUMATA Yehan
Founder of the English
August 7, 1991 Tripiṭaka Project

v
 Editorial Foreword

In January 1982, Dr. NUMATA Yehan, the founder of Bukkyō Dendō Kyōkai
(Society for the Promotion of Buddhism), decided to begin the monumental
task of translating the complete Taishō edition of the Chinese Tripiṭaka (Buddhist
canon) into the English language. Under his leadership, a special preparatory
committee was organized in April 1982. By July of the same year, the Transla-
tion Committee of the English Tripiṭaka was officially convened.
The initial Committee consisted of the following members: (late) HANAYAMA
Shōyū (Chairperson), (late) BANDŌ Shōjun, ISHIGAMI Zennō, (late) KAMATA
Shigeo, KANAOKA Shūyū, MAYEDA Sengaku, NARA Yasuaki, (late) SAYEKI
Shinkō, (late) SHIOIRI Ryōtatsu, TAMARU Noriyoshi, (late) TAMURA Kwansei,
URYŪZU Ryūshin, and YUYAMA Akira. Assistant members of the Committee
were as follows: KANAZAWA Atsushi, WATANABE Shōgo, Rolf Giebel of New
Zealand, and Rudy Smet of Belgium.
After holding planning meetings on a monthly basis, the Committee selected
one hundred thirty-nine texts for the First Series of translations, an estimated
one hundred printed volumes in all. The texts selected are not necessarily lim-
ited to those originally written in India but also include works written or com-
posed in China and Japan. While the publication of the First Series proceeds,
the texts for the Second Series will be selected from among the remaining works;
this process will continue until all the texts, in Japanese as well as in Chinese,
have been published.
Frankly speaking, it will take perhaps one hundred years or more to accom-
plish the English translation of the complete Chinese and Japanese texts, for
they consist of thousands of works. Nevertheless, as Dr. NUMATA wished, it is
the sincere hope of the Committee that this project will continue unto comple-
tion, even after all its present members have passed away.
Dr. NUMATA passed away on May 5, 1994, at the age of ninety-seven, entrust-
ing his son, Mr. NUMATA Toshihide, with the continuation and completion of the
Translation Project. The Committee also lost its able and devoted Chairperson,

vii
Editorial Foreword

Professor HANAYAMA Shōyū, on June 16, 1995, at the age of sixty-three. After
these severe blows, the Committee elected me, then Vice President of Musashino
Women’s College, to be the Chair in October 1995. The Committee has renewed
its determination to carry out the noble intention of Dr. NUMATA, under the lead-
ership of Mr. NUMATA Toshihide.
The present members of the Committee are MAYEDA Sengaku (Chairper-
son), ISHIGAMI Zennō, ICHISHIMA Shōshin, KANAOKA Shūyū, NARA Yasuaki,
TAMARU Noriyoshi, Kenneth K. Tanaka, URYŪZU Ryūshin, YUYAMA Akira,
WATANABE Shōgo, and assistant member YONEZAWA Yoshiyasu.
The Numata Center for Buddhist Translation and Research was established
in November 1984, in Berkeley, California, U.S.A., to assist in the publication of
the BDK English Tripiṭaka First Series. The Publication Committee was organ-
ized at the Numata Center in December 1991. Since then the publication of all
the volumes has been and will continue to be conducted under the supervision of
this Committee in close cooperation with the Editorial Committee in Tokyo.

MAYEDA Sengaku
Chairperson
Editorial Committee of
the BDK English Tripiṭaka

viii
 Publisher’s Foreword

On behalf of the Publication Committee, I am happy to present this contribu-

tion to the BDK English Tripiṭaka Series. The initial translation and editing of
the Buddhist scripture found here were performed under the direction of the
Editorial Committee in Tokyo, Japan, chaired by Professor Sengaku Mayeda,
Professor Emeritus of Musashino University. The Publication Committee mem-
bers then put this volume through a rigorous succession of editorial and book-
making efforts.
Both the Editorial Committee in Tokyo and the Publication Committee in
Berkeley are dedicated to the production of clear, readable English texts of the
Buddhist canon. The members of both committees and associated staff work to
honor the deep faith, spirit, and concern of the late Reverend Dr. Yehan Numata,
who founded the BDK English Tripiṭaka Series in order to disseminate Buddhist
teachings throughout the world.
The long-term goal of our project is the translation and publication of the
one hundred-volume Taishō edition of the Chinese Buddhist canon, plus a few
influential extracanonical Japanese Buddhist texts. The list of texts selected for
the First Series of this translation project is given at the end of each volume.
As Chair of the Publication Committee, I am deeply honored to serve in
the post formerly held by the late Dr. Philip B. Yampolsky, who was so good
to me during his lifetime; the esteemed Dr. Kenneth K. Inada, who has had such
a great impact on Buddhist studies in the United States; and the beloved late
Dr. Francis H. Cook, a dear friend and colleague.
In conclusion, let me thank the members of the Publication Committee for
the efforts they have undertaken in preparing this volume for publication: Senior
Editor Marianne Dresser, Dr. Hudaya Kandahjaya, Dr. Eisho Nasu, Reverend
Kiyoshi Yamashita, and Reverend Brian Nagata, President of the Numata Cen-
ter for Buddhist Translation and Research.

John R. McRae
Chairperson
Publication Committee

ix
 Note on the BDK English Tripiṭaka Series
Reprint Edition

After due consideration, the Editorial Committee of the BDK English Tripiṭaka
Series chose to reprint the translation of Dōgen’s Shōbōgenzō by Gudo Wafu
Nishijima and Chodo Cross (originally published under the title Master Dogen’s
Shobogenzo, Books 1–4, by Windbell Publications, 1996–1999) in order to make
more widely available this exemplary translation of this important text. The
remaining volumes II, III, and IV of this edition of Shōbōgenzō: The True
Dharma-eye Treasury will appear in the forthcoming year.
Aside from the minor stylistic changes and the romanization of all Chinese
and Japanese characters in adherence to the publishing guidelines of the BDK
English Tripiṭaka Series, this edition reproduces as closely as possible the orig-
inal translation.

xi
 Contents

A Message on the Publication of the English Tripiṭaka

NUMATA Yehan v

Editorial Foreword MAYEDA Sengaku vii

Publisher’s Foreword John R. McRae ix

Note on the BDK English Tripiṭaka Series Reprint Edition xi

Translators’ Introduction Gudo Wafu Nishijima

and Chodo Cross xv

Shōbōgenzō: The True Dharma-eye Treasury, Volume I

Chapter One. Bendōwa: A Talk about Pursuing the Truth 3
Chapter Two. Maka-hannya-haramitsu: Mahāprajñāpāramitā 31
Chapter Three. Genjō-kōan: The Realized Universe 41
Chapter Four. Ikka-no-myōju: One Bright Pearl 49
Chapter Five. Jū-undō-shiki: Rules for the Hall of Accumulated Cloud 59
Chapter Six. Soku-shin-ze-butsu: Mind Here and Now Is Buddha 65
Chapter Seven. Senjō: Washing 75
Chapter Eight. Raihai-tokuzui: Prostrating to the Marrow of Attainment 89
Chapter Nine. Keisei-sanshiki: The Voices of the River Valley
and the Form of the Mountains 109
Chapter Ten. Shoaku-makusa: Not Doing Wrongs 127
Chapter Eleven. Uji: Existence-time 143
Chapter Twelve. Kesa-kudoku: The Merit of the Kaṣāya 157
Chapter Thirteen. Den-e: The Transmission of the Robe 195
Chapter Fourteen. Sansuigyō: The Sutra of Mountains and Water 217
Chapter Fifteen. Busso: The Buddhist Patriarchs 235
Chapter Sixteen. Shisho: The Certificate of Succession 245
Chapter Seventeen. Hokke-ten-hokke: The Flower of Dharma
Turns the Flower of Dharma 263

xiii
Contents

Chapter Eighteen. Shin-fukatoku: Mind Cannot Be Grasped (The Former) 289

Chapter Nineteen. Shin-fukatoku: Mind Cannot Be Grasped (The Latter) 297
Chapter Twenty. Kokyō: The Eternal Mirror 313
Chapter Twenty-one. Kankin: Reading Sutras 341

Appendix I. Chinese Masters 359

Appendix II. Fukanzazengi: Universal Guide to the Standard Method

of Zazen (Rufubon—The Popular Edition) 363

Appendix III. Busso: The Buddhist Patriarchs 371

Appendix IV. The Kaṣāya 373

Appendix V. Traditional Temple Layout 375

Appendix VI. Lotus Sutra References 381

Glossary of Sanskrit Terms 413

Bibliography 447

Index 455

A List of the Volumes of the BDK English Tripiṭaka (First Series) 487

xiv
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