Handbook Of Thermoluminescence (2nd Edition) Furetta
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Handbook Of Thermoluminescence (2nd Edition) Furetta
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Handbook Of Thermoluminescence (2nd Edition) Furetta
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HANDBOOK OF
THERMOLUMINESCENCE
Second Edition
Claudio Furetta
Touro University Rome, Italy
Division of Touro College New York
World Scienti c
NEW JERSEY • LONDON • SINGAPORE • BEIJING • SHANGHAI • HONG KONG • TA I P E I • CHENNAI
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Published by
World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.
5 Toh Tuck Link, Singapore 596224
USA office: 27 Warren Street, Suite 401-402, Hackensack, NJ 07601
UK office: 57 Shelton Street, Covent Garden, London WC2H 9HE
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
HANDBOOK OF THERMOLUMINESCENCE (2nd Edition)
Copyright © 2010 by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.
All rights reserved. This book, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any information storage and retrieval system now known or to
be invented, without written permission from the Publisher.
For photocopying of material in this volume, please pay a copying fee through the Copyright Clearance Center,
Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. In this case permission to photocopy is not required from
the publisher.
ISBN-13 978-981-283-891-9
ISBN-10 981-283-891-0
Printed in Singapore.
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PREFACE
This book on thermoluminescence (TL) is born from the idea to provide to experts,
teachers, students and technicians practical support for research, study, routine work and
terminology.
The term “handbook” of the title does not mean that this book is a “summa” of
thermoluminescence. Actually, the goal is to be dynamic, fluid and of easy consultation
on several subjects.
This book collects a certain number of subjects, mainly referring to the
thermoluminescence models, to the methods for determining the kinetic parameters, to
the procedures to follow for characterizing a thermoluminescent dosimetric system and to
the definition of terms commonly used in TL literature. Furthermore, the analytical
treatments of the various TL models are fully developed.
Subjects concerning solid state physics as well as TL dating are not considered
because they are widely treated in many fundamental books which can be easily found on
the market.
In general, the subjects considered here are dispersed in specialized journals
which are not always available to everybody.
The arguments are given in alphabetic order to make the research easy. The
words in bold indicate the item to which the reader is referred to for more information.
vii
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CONTENTS
PREFACE vii
CHAPTER A
Accuracy (definition) 1
Activation energy (definition and properties) 1
Activator 2
Adirovitch model 3
Afterglow 7
Aluminium oxide (Al2O3) 7
Annealing (definition) 8
Annealing (general considerations) 9
Annealing procedures 10
Anomalous fading 18
Anomalous thermal fading 18
Area measurement methods (generality) 18
Area measurement method (Maxia et al.) 19
Area measurement methods (May and Partridge: general order) 22
Area measurement methods (Muntoni et al.: general order) 22
Area measurement method (Moharil: general order) 23
Area measurement method (Moharil: general order, s = s (T )) 24
Area measurement method (Rasheedy: general order) 28
Arrhenius equation 31
Assessment of random uncertainties in precision of TL measurements (general) 32
Atomic number (calculation) 35
CHAPTER B
Basic equation of radiation dosimetry by thermoluminescence 39
Batch of TLDs 41
Braunlich-Scharman model 41
CHAPTER C
Calcium fluoride (CaF2) 51
Calibration factor Fc (definition) 51
Calibration factor Fc (procedures) 52
Calibration procedure for a batch of TLDs 54
Competition 55
