Gaseous State 235

(a) 1.5 lit. (b) 2.8 lit.

(c) 11.2 lit. (d) 22.4 lit.
12. Pressure of a gas in a vessel can be measured by
(a) Barometer (b) Manometer
(c) Stalgometer (d) All the baove
13. Volume occupied by a gas at one atmospheric pressure and 0 o C is
Characteristics and Measurable properties of gases V mL. Its volume at 273 K will be
[Bihar MADT 1982]
1. Which one of the following statements is not correct about the three (a) V ml (b) V/2 ml
states of matter i.e. solid, liquid and gaseous
(c) 2 V (d) None of these
(a) Molecules of a solid possess least energy whereas those of a 14. Which one of the following statements is wrong for gases
gas possess highest energy
[CBSE PMT 1999]
(b) The density of solid is highest whereas that of gases is lowest
(a) Gases do not have a definite shape and volume
(c) Gases like liquids possess definite volumes (b) Volume of the gas is equal to the volume of the container
(d) Molecules of a solid possess vibratory motion confining the gas
2. The temperature and pressure at which ice, liquid water and water (c) Confined gas exerts uniform pressure on the walls of its
vapour can exist together are container in all directions
(a) 0 o C, 1 atm (b) 2o C, 4.7 atm (d) Mass of the gas cannot be determined by weighing a container
in which it is enclosed
(c) 0 o C, 4.7 mm (d)  2o C, 4.7 mm 15. Which of the following exhibits the weakest intermolecular forces [AIIMS 2000]
3. Which of the following is true about gaseous state (a) NH 3 (b) HCl
(a) Thermal energy = Molecular attraction (c) He (d) H 2O
(b) Thermal energy >> Molecular attraction 16. N 2 is found in a litre flask under 100kPa pressure and O 2 is
(c) Thermal energy << Molecular attraction
found in another 3 litre flask under 320 kPa pressure. If the two
(d) Molecular forces >> Those in liquids
flasks are connected, the resultant pressures is
4. Kinetic energy of molecules is highest in
[Kerala PMT 2004]
(a) Gases (b) Solids (a) 310 kPa (b) 210 kPa
(c) Liquids (d) Solutions (c) 420 kPa (d) 365 kPa
5. Which of the following statement is correct (e) 265 kPa
(a) In all the three states the molecules possess random
translational motion Ideal gas equation and Related gas laws
(b) Gases cannot be converted into solids without passing through
liquid state 1. If P, V, T represent pressure, volume and temperature of the gas,
(c) One of the common property of liquids and gases is viscosity the correct representation of Boyle's law is
(d) According to Boyle's law V/P is constant at constant T [BIT Ranchi 1988]
3 1
6. A volume of 1 m is equal to (a) V (at constant P) (b) PV  RT
3 T
(a) 1000 cm (b) 100 cm 3
(c) V  1 / P (at constant T) (d) PV  nRT
(c) 10 dm 3 (d) 10 6 cm 3 2. At constant temperature, in a given mass of an ideal gas
7. Which one of the following is not a unit of pressure [CBSE PMT 1991]
(a) Newton (b) Torr (a) The ratio of pressure and volume always remains constant
(c) Pascal (d) Bar (b) Volume always remains constant
(c) Pressure always remains constant
8. 1o C rise in temperature is equal to a rise of
(d) The product of pressure and volume always remains constant
(a) 1o F (b) 9 / 5o F 3. Air at sea level is dense. This is a practical application of
(c) 5 / 9 F o
(d) 33 F o [Kerala CEE 2000]
(a) Boyle's law (b) Charle's law
9. Which of the following relations for expressing volume of a sample
is not correct (c) Avogadro's law (d) Dalton's law

(a) 1L  10 3 ml (b) 1 dm 3  1 L 4. If 20 cm 3 gas at 1 atm. is expanded to 50 cm 3 at constant T, then

what is the final pressure [CPMT 1988]
(c) 1 L  10 3 m 3 (d) 1L  10 3 cm 3 1 1
(a) 20  (b) 50 
10. One atmosphere is numerically equal to approximately 50 20
(a) 10 6 dynes cm 2 (b) 10 2 dynes cm 2 1
(c) 1  50 (d) None of these
20
(c) 10 4 dynes cm 2 (d) 10 8 dynes cm 2
5. Which of the following statement is false [BHU 1994]
o
11. 2gm of O 2 at 27 C and 760mm of Hg pressure has volume[BCECE 2005] (a) The product of pressure and volume of fixed amount of a gas
is independent of temperature
 236 Gaseous state
(b) Molecules of different gases have the same K.E. at a given (d) Curve for V1 has a greater slope than that for V2
temperature
16. Two closed vessels of equal volume containing air at pressure P1
(c) The gas equation is not valid at high pressure and low
temperature and temperature T1 are connected to each other through a narrow
(d) The gas constant per molecule is known as Boltzmann constant tube. If the temperature in one of the vessels is now maintained at
6. Which of the following graphs represent Boyle's law T1 and that in the other at T2 , what will be the pressure in the
vessels
P PV 2 P1T1 T1
(a) (b)
(a) (b) T1  T2 2 P1T2
V P 2 P1T2 2 P1
(c) (d)
PV PV T1  T2 T1  T2
17. “One gram molecule of a gas at N.T.P. occupies 22.4 litres.” This fact
(c) (d) was derived from [CPMT 1981, 1995]
V P (a) Dalton's theory
7. Densities of two gases are in the ratio 1 : 2 and their temperatures
are in the ratio 2 : 1, then the ratio of their respective pressures is[BHU 2000] (b) Avogadro's hypothesis
(c) Berzelius hypothesis
(a) 1 : 1 (b) 1 : 2
(d) Law of gaseous volume
(c) 2 : 1 (d) 4 : 1
18. In a closed flask of 5 litres, 1.0 g of H 2 is heated from 300 to 600
8. At constant pressure, the volume of fixed mass of an ideal gas is
directly proportional to [EAMCET 1985]
K. which statement is not correct [CBSE PMT 1991]
(a) Pressure of the gas increases
(a) Absolute temperature (b) Degree centigrade
(b) The rate of collision increases
(c) Degree Fahrenheit (d) None (c) The number of moles of gas increases
9. Which of the following expression at constant pressure represents (d) The energy of gaseous molecules increases
Charle's law [AFMC 1990] 19. Which one of the following statements is false
1 1 [Manipal PMT 1991]
(a) V (b) V
T T 2
(a) Avogadro number  6.02  10 21

(c) V T (d) V  d (b) The relationship between average velocity (v ) and root mean
10. Use of hot air balloons in sports and meteorological obsevations is square velocity (u) is v  0.9213 u
an application of [Kerala MEE 2002] (c) The mean kinetic energy of an ideal gas is independent of the
(a) Boyle's law (b) Newtonic law pressure of the gas
(c) Kelvin's law (d) Charle's law (d) The root mean square velocity of the gas can be calculated by
the formula (3 RT / M )1 / 2
11. A 10 g of a gas at atmospheric pressure is cooled from 273o C to
20. The compressibility of a gas is less than unity at STP. Therefore [IIT 2000]
0 o C keeping the volume constant, its pressure would become (a) Vm  22.4 litres (b) Vm  22.4 litres
(a) 1/2 atm (b) 1/273 atm
(c) Vm  22.4 litres (d) Vm  44.8 litres
(c) 2 atm (d) 273 atm
12. Pressure remaining the same, the volume of a given mass of an ideal 21. In the equation of sate of an ideal gas PV  nRT , the value of the
gas increases for every degree centigrade rise in temperature by universal gas constant would depend only on
definite fraction of its volume at [KCET 2005]
[CBSE PMT 1989] (a) The nature of the gas
(b) The pressure of the gas
(a) 0 o C (b) Its critical temperature
(c) The units of the measurement
(c) Absolute zero (d) Its Boyle temperature
(d) None of these
13. A certain sample of gas has a volume of 0.2 litre measured at 1 atm.
22. In the ideal gas equation, the gas constant R has the dimensions of[NCERT 1982
pressure and 0 o C . At the same pressure but at 273o C , its (a) mole-atm K –1
(b) litre mole
volume will be [EAMCET 1992, 93; BHU 2005] (c) litre-atm K mole –1 –1
(d) erg K –1

(a) 0.4 litres (b) 0.8 litres

23. In the equation PV  nRT , which one cannot be the numerical
(c) 27.8 litres (d) 55.6 litres
value of R [BIT 1987]
14. 400 cm 3 of oxygen at 27 o C were cooled to  3 o C without
(a) 8.31  107 erg K 1mol 1
change in pressure. The contraction in volume will be
(a) 40 cm 3 (b) 30 cm 3 (b) 8.31  107 dyne cm K 1mol 1
(c) 44.4 cm 3 (d) 360 cm 3 (c) 8.31 JK 1mol 1
15. The pressure p of a gas is plotted against its absolute temperature T
for two different constant volumes, V1 and V2 . When V1  V2 , (d) 8.31 atm. K 1mol 1
the 24. Which one of the following indicates the value of the gas constant R[EAMCET 19
(a) Curves have the same slope and do not intersect (a) 1.987 cal K mol
–1 –1
(b) 8.3 cal K mol –1 –1

(b) Curves must intersect at some point other than T  0 (c) 0.0821 lit K mol
–1 –1
(d) 1.987 Joules K mol –1 –1

(c) Curve for V2 has a greater slope than that for V1 25. The constant R is [Orissa 1990]
(a) Work done per molecule
 Gaseous State 237
(b) Work done per degree absolute 37. 16 g of oxygen and 3 g of hydrogen are mixed and kept at 760 mm
(c) Work done per degree per mole pressure and 0 o C . The total volume occupied by the mixture will
(d) Work done per mole be nearly [Vellore CMC 1991]
26. Select one correct statement. In the gas equation, PV  nRT [CBSE PMT 1992] (a) 22.4 litres (b) 33.6 litres
(a) n is the number of molecules of a gas (c) 448 litres (d) 44800 ml
(b) V denotes volume of one mole of the gas 38. Pure hydrogen sulphide is stored in a tank of 100 litre capacity at
(c) n moles of the gas have a volume V 20 o C and 2 atm pressure. The mass of the gas will be [CPMT 1989]
(d) P is the pressure of the gas when only one mole of gas is (a) 34 g (b) 340 g
present (c) 282.4 g (d) 28.24 g
27. The correct value of the gas constant R is close to 39. At N.T.P. the volume of a gas is found to be 273 ml. What will be
[CBSE PMT 1992] the volume of this gas at 600 mm Hg and 273o C
(a) 0.082 litre-atmopshere K [CPMT 1992]
(b) 0.082 litre-atmosphere K 1 mol 1 (a) 391.8 mL (b) 380 ml
(c) 691.6 ml (d) 750 ml
(c) 0.082 litre- atmosphere1 K mole 1 40. One litre of a gas weighs 2 g at 300 K and 1 atm pressure. If the
pressure is made 0.75 atm, at which of the following temperatures
(d) 0.082 litre1 atmosphere1 K mol will one litre of the same gas weigh one gram
[CBSE PMT 1992]
28. S.I. unit of gas constant R is [CPMT 1994] (a) 450 K (b) 600 K
(a) 0.0821 litre atm K mole
–1 –1 (c) 800 K (d) 900 K
(b) 2 calories K mole
–1 –1
41. A wheather balloon filled with hydrogen at 1 atm and 27 o C has
(c) 8.31 joule K mole
–1 –1 volume equal to 12000 litres. On ascending it reaches a place where
(d) None the temperature is  23o C and pressure is 0.5 atm. The volume of
the balloon is
29. Gas equation PV  nRT is obeyed by [BHU 2000]
[CBSE PMT 1991]
(a) Only isothermal process (b) Only adiabatic process (a) 24000 litres (b) 20000 litres
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these (c) 10000 litres (d) 12000 litres
30. For an ideal gas number of moles per litre in terms of its pressure P,
gas constant R and temperature T is 42. The density of a gas at 27 o C and 1 atm is d. Pressure remaining
[AIEEE 2002] constant at which of the following temperatures will its density
(a) PT/R (b) PRT become 0.75 d [CBSE PMT 1992]
(c) P/RT (d) RT/P (a) 20 o C (b) 30 o C
31. If two moles of an ideal gas at 546 K occupy a volume of 44.8 litres, (c) 400 K (d) 300 K
the pressure must be
[NCERT 1981; JIPMER 1991] 43. A sample of gas occupies 100 ml at 27 o C and 740 mm pressure.
(a) 2 atm (b) 3 atm When its volume is changed to 80 ml at 740 mm pressure, the
(c) 4 atm (d) 1 atm temperature of the gas will be
[Vellore CMC 1991]
32. How many moles of He gas occupy 22.4 litres at 30 o C and one o o
atmospheric pressure [KCET 1992] (a) 21.6 C (b) 240 C
(a) 0.90 (b) 1.11 (c)  33 C o
(d) 89.5 o C
(c) 0.11 (d) 1.0 44. The total pressure exerted by a number of non-reacting gases is
33. Volume of 0.5 mole of a gas at 1 atm. pressure and 273 K is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the gases under the
[EAMCET 1992] same conditions is known as [CPMT 1986]
(a) 22.4 litres (b) 11.2 litres (a) Boyle's law (b) Charle's law
(c) 44.8 litres (d) 5.6 litres (c) Avogadro's law (d) Dalton's law
34. At 0 o C and one atm pressure, a gas occupies 100 cc. If the 45. “Equal volumes of all gases at the same temperature and pressure
pressure is increased to one and a half-time and temperature is contain equal number of particles.” This statement is a direct
increased by one-third of absolute temperature, then final volume of consequence of [Kerala MEE 2002]
the gas will be (a) Avogadro’s law (b) Charle's law
[DCE 2000] (c) Ideal gas equation (d) Law of partial pressure
(a) 80 cc (b) 88.9 cc 46. If three unreactive gases having partial pressures PA , PB and PC
(c) 66.7 cc (d) 100 cc and their moles are 1, 2 and 3 respectively then their total pressure
35. Correct gas equation is [CBSE PMT 1989; CPMT 1991] will be [CPMT 1994]
(a)
V1T2 V2 T1
 (b)
P1V1 T
 1 PA  PB  PC
P1 P2 P2 V2 T2 (a) P  PA  PB  PC (b) P 
6
P1T2 P2 V2 V1V2 PA  PB  PC
(c)  (d)  P1 P2
V1 T2 T1T2 (c) P (d) None
3
36. Two separate bulbs contain ideal gases A and B. The density of gas 47. Dalton's law of partial pressure will not apply to which of the
A is twice that of gas B. The molecular mass of A is half that of gas following mixture of gases [Bihar MADT 1981]
B. The two gases are at the same temperature. The ratio of the
pressure of A to that of gas B is (a) H 2 and SO 2 (b) H 2 and Cl 2
[BHU 1994] (c) H 2 and CO 2 (d) CO 2 and Cl 2
(a) 2 (b) 1/2
(c) 4 (d) 1/4
 238 Gaseous state
48. Which of the following mixtures of gases does not obey Dalton's law (a) 4 (b) 1/4
of partial pressure (c) 16 (d) 1/16
[CBSE PMT 1996: Kerala PMT 2000] 60. If rate of diffusion of A is 5 times that of B, what will be the density
(a) O 2 and CO 2 (b) N 2 and O 2 ratio of A and B [AFMC 1994]
(a) 1/25 (b) 1/5
(c) Cl 2 and O 2 (d) NH 3 and HCl
(c) 25 (d) 4
49. To which of the following gaseous mixtures is Dalton's law not 61. The densities of two gases are in the ratio of 1 : 16. The ratio of their
applicable rates of diffusion is [CPMT 1995]
(a) Ne  He  SO 2 (b) NH 3  HCl  HBr (a) 16 : 1 (b) 4 : 1
(c) O2  N 2  CO 2 (d) N 2  H 2  O2 (c) 1 : 4 (d) 1 : 16
50. Equal amounts of two gases of molecular weight 4 and 40 are 62. At constant volume and temperature conditions, the rate of diffusion
mixed. The pressure of the mixture is 1.1 atm. The partial pressure of D A and DB of gases A and B having densities  A and  B are
the light gas in this mixture is related by the expression [IIT 1993]
[CBSE PMT 1991] 1/2 1/2
(a) 0.55 atm (b) 0.11 atm      
(c) 1 atm (d) 0.12 atm (a) DA   DB  A  (b) DA   DB  B 
 B    A
51. Rate of diffusion of a gas is [IIT 1985; CPMT 1987]
1/2 1/2
(a) Directly proportional to its density    
(c) DA  DB  A  (d) DA  DB  B 
 B   A 
(b) Directly proportional to its molecular mass
(c) Directly proportional to the square root of its molecular mass
63. Atmolysis is a process of
(d) Inversely proportional to the square root of its molecular mass (a) Atomising gas molecules
52. Which of the following gas will have highest rate of diffusion (b) The breaking of atoms to sub-atomic particles
[Pb. CET Sample paper 1993; CPMT 1990] (c) Separation of gases from their gaseous mixture
(a) NH 3 (b) N2 (d) Changing of liquids to their vapour state
64. A bottle of ammonia and a bottle of dry hydrogen chloride
(c) CO 2 (d) O2 connected through a long tube are opened simultaneously at both
53. Which of the following relationship is correct, where r is the rate of ends, the white ammonium chloride ring first formed will be[IIT 1988]
diffusion of a gas and d is its density [CPMT 1994] (a) At the centre of the tube
(b) Near the hydrogen chloride bottle
(a) r  1/d (b) r  d
(c) Near the ammonia bottle
(c) r  d (d) r  d (d) Throughout the length of the tube
54. According to Grahman's law at a given temperature, the ratio of the 65. Which of the following pairs will diffuse at the same rate through a
rates of diffusion rA / rB of gases A and B is given by [IIT 1998] porous plug [EAMCET 1990]
(a) CO, NO 2 (b) NO 2 , CO 2
(a) (PA / PB )(M A / M B )1 / 2
(c) NH 3 , PH3 (d) NO C2 H 6
(b) (M A / M B )(PA / PB )1 / 2 66. If 4 g of oxygen diffuse through a very narrow hole, how much
hydrogen would have diffused under identical conditions [CPMT 1971]
(c) (PA / PB )(M B / M A )1 / 2 (a) 16 g (b) 1 g
1/ 2 (c) 1/4 g (d) 64 g
(d) (M A / M B )(PB / PA )
67. A gas diffuse at a rate which is twice that of another gas B. The
(where P and M are the pressures and molecular weights of gases A ratio of molecular weights of A to B is [EAMCET 1986]
and B respectively) (a) 1.0 (b) 0.75
55. The ratio of the rate of diffusion of a given element to that of (c) 0.50 (d) 0.25
helium is 1.4. The molecular weight of the element is 68. Two grams of hydrogen diffuse from a container in 10 minutes. How
[Kerala PMT 1990] many grams of oxygen would diffuse through the same container in
(a) 2 (b) 4 the same time under similar conditions [MNR 1980]
(c) 8 (d) 16 (a) 0.5 g (b) 4 g
56. g
A gas diffuse 1/5 times as fast as hydrogen. Its molecular weight is[CPMT 1992; Bihar(c)CEE61982] (d) 8 g
(a) 50 (b) 25 69. The rate of diffusion of methane at a given temperature is twice that
of X. The molecular weight of X is
(c) 25 2 (d) 50 2 [MNR 1995; Kerala CEE 2001]
57. The molecular weight of a gas which diffuses through a porous plug (a) 64.0 (b) 32.0
at 1/6th of the speed of hydrogen under identical conditions is[EAMCET 1990] (c) 40.0 (d) 80.0
(a) 27 (b) 72 70. X ml of H 2 gas effuses through a hole in a container in 5 seconds.
(c) 36 (d) 48 The time taken for the effusion of the same volume of the gas
58. Molecular weight of a gas that diffuses twice as rapidly as the gas specified below under identical condition is
with molecular weight 64 is [EAMCET 1994] [IIT 1996]
(a) 16 (b) 8 (a) 10 seconds : He (b) 20 seconds : O 2
(c) 64 (d) 6.4 (c) 25 seconds : CO (d) 55 seconds : CO 2
59. The densities of hydrogen and oxygen are 0.09 and 1.44 g L1 . If 71. At what temperature, the rate of effusion of N 2 would be 1.625
the rate of diffusion of hydrogen is 1 then that of oxygen in the same
units will be [RPMT 1994] times that of SO 2 at 50 o C [CBSE PMT 1996]
 Gaseous State 239
(a) 110 K (b) 173 K 83. A closed vessel contains equal number of nitrogen and oxygen
(c) 373 K (d) 273 K molecules at a pressure of P mm. If nitrogen is removed from the
system then the pressure will be
72. Given the reaction C(s)  H 2O(l)  CO(g)  H 2 (g) calculate the
[MP PMT 1985]
volume of the gases produced at STP from 48.0 g of carbon
(a) P (b) 2P
(a) 179.2 L (b) 89.6 L
(c) 44.8 L (d) 22.4 L (c) P / 2 (d) P 2
73. 4.4 g of a gas at STP occupies a volume of 2.24 L, the gas can be[Haryana CEET
84. 2000]
If the four tubes of a car are filled to the same pressure with
(a) O 2 (b) CO N 2 , O2 , H 2 and Ne separately, then which one will be filled first[Manipal PMT
(c) NO 2 (d) CO 2 (a) N2 (b) O 2
74. Under what conditions will a pure sample of an ideal gas not only (c) H2 (d) Ne
exhibit a pressure of 1 atm but also a concentration of 1 mole
85. Which of the following gas mixture is not applicable for Dalton’s law
litre 1 of partial pressure [Pb. CET 2002]
(R  0.082 litreatm mol 1 deg 1 ) [CBSE PMT 1993] (a) SO 2 and Cl 2 (b) CO 2 and N 2
(a) At STP
(c) CO and CO 2 (d) CO and N 2
(b) When V  22.4 litres
86. At what pressure a quantity of gas will occupy a volume of 60 ml ,
(c) When T  12 K
if it occupies a volume of 100ml at a pressure of 720mm ?
(d) Impossible under any conditions (while temperature is constant) : [Pb. CET 2000]
75. There are 6.02  10 22 molecules each of N 2 , O2 and H 2 which (a) 700 mm (b) 800 mm
are mixed together at 760 mm and 273 K. The mass of the mixture (c) 100 mm (d) 1200 mm
in grams is [Pb. PMT 1997]
(a) 6.2 (b) 4.12 87. At constant temperature and pressure which gas will diffuse first
(c) 3.09 (d) 7 H 2 or O 2 ? [Pb. CET 2000]
76. Volume of 4.4 g of CO 2 at NTP is [Pb. CET 1997] (a) Hydrogen
(a) 22.4 L (b) 44.8 L (b) Oxygen
(c) 2.24 L (d) 4.48 L (c) Both will diffuse in same time
77. The energy of an ideal gas depends only on its (d) None of the above
(a) Pressure (b) Volume 88. When a jar containing gaseous mixture of equal volumes of CO 2
(c) Number of moles (d) Temperature and H 2 is placed in a solution of sodium hydroxide, the solution
78. A bottle of cold drink contains 200 ml liquid in which CO 2 is 0.1 level will [Pb. CET 2001]
molar. Suppose CO 2 behaves like an ideal gas, the volume of the (a) Rise (b) Fall
dissolved CO 2 at STP is [CBSE PMT 1991] (c) Remain constant (d) Become zero
(a) 0.224 litre (b) 0.448 litre 89. At S.T.P. 1g CaCO 3 on decomposition gives CO 2
(c) 22.4 litre (d) 2.24 litre [Pb. CET 2000]
79. The vapour density of a gas is 11.2. The volume occupied by 11.2 g of (a) 22.4 litre (b) 2.24 litre
this gas at N.T.P. is (c) 0.224 litre (d) 11.2 litre
[MNR 1982; CBSE PMT 1991] 90. At NTP, the density of a gas, whose molecular weight is 45 is
(a) 1 L (b) 11.2 L [Pb. CET 2001, 03]
(c) 22.4 L (d) 20 L (a) 44.8 gm/litre (b) 11.4 gm/litre
80. A pre-weighed vessel was filled with oxygen at N.T.P. and weighted. (c) 2 gm/ litre (d) 3 gm/litre
It was then evacuated, filled with SO 2 at the same temperature 91. What is the ratio of diffusion rate of oxygen and hydrogen
and pressure, and again weighted. The weight of oxygen will be[NCERT 1989] [Pb. CET 2003]
(a) 1 : 4 (b) 4 : 1
(a) The same as that of SO 2
(c) 1 : 8 (d) 8 : 1
1 92. The maximum number of molecules is present in
(b) that of SO 2
2 [CBSE PMT 2004]
(a) 0.5 g of H 2 gas (b) 10 g of O 2 gas
(c) Twice that of SO 2
(c) 15 L of H 2 gas at STP (d) 5 L of N 2 gas at STP
(d) One fourth that of SO 2
93. One litre oxygen gas at STP will weigh [Pb. CET 2004]
81. Five grams each of the following gases at 87 o C and 750 mm (a) 1.43 g (b) 2.24 g
pressure are taken. Which of them will have the least volume[MNR 1991] (c) 11.2 g (d) 22.4 g
(a) HF (b) HCl 94. How will you separate mixture of two gases [AFMC 2004]
(c) HBr (d) HI (a) Fractional distillation technique
82. Who among the following scientists has not done any important (b) Grahams law of diffusion technique
work on gases [Bihar MADT 1980] (c) Osmosis
(d) Chromatography
(a) Boyle (b) Charles
95. The rate of diffusion of hydrogen gas is
(c) Avogadro (d) Faraday [MH CET 2003; Pb. CET 2000]
(a) 1.4 times to He gas (b) Same as He gas
 240 Gaseous state
(c) 5 times to He gas (d) 2 times to He gas
96. Hydrogen diffuses six times faster than gas A . The molar mass of 1. Postulate of kinetic theory is [EAMCET 1980]
gas A is [KCET 2004] (a) Atom is indivisible
(a) 72 (b) 6 (b) Gases combine in a simple ratio
(c) 24 (d) 36 (c) There is no influence of gravity on the molecules of a gas
97. At what pressure will a quantity of gas, which occupies 100 ml at (d) None of the above
2. According to kinetic theory of gases, [EAMCET 1980]
a pressue of 720 mm , occupy a volume of 84 ml [DPMT 2004]
(a) There are intermolecular attractions
(a) 736.18 mm (b) 820.20 mm
(b) Molecules have considerable volume
(c) 784.15 mm (d) 857.14 mm
(c) No intermolecular attractions
98. Containers A and B have same gases. Pressure, volume and
(d) The velocity of molecules decreases after each collision
temperature of A are all twice that of B, then the ratio of
3. In deriving the kinetic gas equation, use is made of the root mean
number of molecules of A and B are [AFMC 2004] square velocity of the molecules because it is
(a) 1 : 2 (b) 2 [Bihar MADT 1980]
(c) 1 : 4 (d) 4 (a) The average velocity of the molecules
99. A mixture of NO 2 and N 2 O4 has a vapour density of 38.3 at (b) The most probable velocity of the molecules
300 K . What is the number of moles of NO 2 in 100 g of the (c) The square root of the average square velocity of the molecules
mixture [Kerala PMT 2004] (d) The most accurate form in which velocity can be used in these
(a) 0.043 (b) 4.4 calculations
(c) 3.4 (d) 3.86 4. Kinetic energy of a gas depends upon its[Bihar MADT 1982]
(e) 0.437 (a) Molecular mass (b) Atomic mass
100. A cylinder of 5 litres capacity, filled with air at NTP is connected (c) Equivalent mass (d) None of these
with another evacuated cylinder of 30 litres of capacity. The
resultant air pressure in both the cylinders will be [BHU 2004]
5. The kinetic theory of gases perdicts that total kinetic energy of a
(a) 10.8 cm of Hg (b) 14.9cm of Hg gaseous assembly depends on [NCERT 1984]
(c) 21.8 cm of Hg (d) 38.8 cm of Hg (a) Pressure of the gas
101. A certain mass of gas occupies a volume of 300 c.c. at 27 C and 620 (b) Temperature of the gas
mm pressure. The volume of this gas at 47 o C and 640 mm (c) Volume of the gas
pressure will be [MH CET 2003] (d) Pressure, volume and temperature of the gas
(a) 400 c.c. (b) 510 c.c. 6. According to kinetic theory of gases, the energy per mole of a gas is
(c) 310 c.c. (d) 350 c.c. equal to [EAMCET 1985]
102. What will be the volume of the mixture after the reaction? (a) 1.5 RT (b) RT
NH 3  HCl  NH 4 Cl [BVP 2004] (c) 0.5 RT (d) 2.5 RT
1.5 litre
4 litre (solid) 7. Internal energy and pressure of a gas per unit volume are related as[CBSE PMT
(a) 0.5 litre (b) 1 litre 2 3
(c) 2.5 litre (d) 0.1 litre (a) P  E (b) P  E
3 2
103. The pressure and temperature of 4dm 3 of carbon dioxide gas are
doubled. Then the volume of carbon dioxide gas would be[KCET 2004] 1
(c) P  E (d) P  2 E
(a) 2 dm 3 (b) 3dm 3 2
8. The translational kinetic energy of an ideal gas depends only on its
(c) 4 dm 3 (d) 8 dm 3 (a) Pressure (b) Force
104. If the absolute temperature of an ideal gas become double and (c) Temperature (d) Molar mass
pressure become half, the volume of gas would be 9. Helium atom is two times heavier than a hydrogen molecule at 298
[Kerala CET 2005] K, the average kinetic energy of helium is [IIT 1982]
(a) Remain unchange (b) Will be double (a) Two times that of a hydrogen molecule
(c) Will be four time (d) will be half (b) Same as that of a hydrogen molecule
(e) Will be one fourth (c) Four times that of a hydrogen molecule
105. At what temperature, the sample of neon gas would be heated to (d) Half that of a hydrogen molecule
double of its pressure, if the initial volume of gas is/are reduced to 10. Which of the following is valid at absolute zero
[Pb. CET 1985]
15% at 75 o C [Kerala CET 2005]
(a) Kinetic energy of the gas becomes zero but the molecular
o o
(a) 319 C (b) 592 C motion does not become zero
(c) 128 C o
(d) 60 o C (b) Kinetic energy of the gas becomes zero and molecular motion
also becomes zero
(e) 90 o C (c) Kinetic energy of the gas decreases but does not become zero
106. Equation of Boyle's law is [DPMT 2005] (d) None of the above
dP dV dP dV 11. The average K.E. of an ideal gas in calories per mole is
(a)  (b)  approximately equal to [EAMCET 1989]
p V P V
(a) Three times the absolute temperature
d2P dV d2P d 2V (b) Absolute temperature
(c)  (d)  (c) Two times the absolute temperature
P dT P dT
(d) 1.5 times the absolute temperature
12. According to kinetic theory of gases, for a diatomic molecule
Kinetic molecular theory of gases and [MNR 1991]
Molecular collisions
 Gaseous State 241
(a) The pressure exerted by the gas is proportional to the mean (a) 298 K (b) 273 K
velocity of the molecules (c) 193 K (d) 173 K
(b) The pressure exerted by the gas is proportional to the root 21. Ratio of C p and Cv of a gas 'X' is 1.4. The number of atoms of the
mean square velocity of the molecules
(c) The root mean square velocity is inversely proportional to the gas 'X' present in 11.2 litres of it at N.T.P. is
temperature [CBSE PMT 1989]
(d) The mean translational kinetic energy of the molecules is (a) 6.02  10 23
(b) 1.2  10 24
proportional to the absolute temperature
(c) 3.01  10 23
(d) 2.01  10 23
13. At STP, 0.50 mol H 2 gas and 1.0 mol He gas
22. The density of air is 0.00130 g/ml. The vapour density of air will be[DCE 2000]
[CBSE PMT 1993, 2000]
(a) 0.00065 (b) 0.65
(a) Have equal average kinetic energies
(c) 14.4816 (d) 14.56
(b) Have equal molecular speeds
(c) Occupy equal volumes 23. At 100 o C and 1 atm, if the density of liquid water is 1.0 g cm 3
(d) Have equal effusion rates and that of water vapour is 0.0006 g m 3 , then the volume
14. Which of the following expressions correctly represents the occupied by water molecules in 1 litre of steam at that temperature
relationship between the average molar kinetic energy, K.E. , of CO is [IIT 2000]
and N 2 molecules at the same temperature (a) 6 cm 3 (b) 60 cm 3
[CBSE PMT 2000]
(c) 0.6 cm 3 (d) 0.06 cm 3
(a) KE CO  KE N 2
24. The ratio  for inert gases is [AFMC 1990]
(b) KE CO  KE N 2 (a) 1.33 (b) 1.66
(c) 2.13 (d) 1.99
(c) KE CO  KE N 2 25. The density of neon will be highest at [CBSE PMT 1990]
(d) Cannot be predicted unless the volumes of the gases are given
(a) S.T.P. (b) 0 o C, 2 atm
15. Indicate the correct statement for a 1-L sample of N 2 (g) and
CO 2 (g) at 298 K and 1 atm pressure (c) 273o C, 1 atm (d) 273o C, 2 atm
26. Absolute zero is defined as the temperature
(a) The average translational KE per molecule is the same in N 2
[CBSE PMT 1990]
and CO 2 (a) At which all molecular motion ceases
(b) The rms speed remains constant for both N 2 and CO 2 (b) At which liquid helium boils
(c) At which ether boils
(c) The density of N 2 is less than that of CO 2
(d) All of the above
(d) The total translational KE of both N 2 and CO 2 is the same 27. Consider the following statements :
16. With increase of pressure, the mean free path (1) Joule-Thomson experiment is isoenthalpic as well as adiabatic.
[Pb. CET 1985] (2) A negative value of  JT (Joule Thomson coefficient
(a) Decreases (b) Increases corresponds to warming of a gas on expansion.
(c) Does not change (d) Becomes zero (3) The temperature at which neither cooling nor heating effect is
17. Which one of the following statements is NOT true about the effect observed is known as inversion temperature.
of an increase in temperature on the distribution of molecular Which of the above statements are correct
speeds in a gas [AIEEE 2005] (a) 1 and 2 (b) 1 and 3
(a) The most probable speed increases (c) 2 and 3 (d) 1, 2 and 3
(b) The fraction of the molecules with the most probable speed 28. Vibrational energy is [Pb. CET 1985]
increases (a) Partially potential and partially kinetic
(c) The distribution becomes broader (b) Only potential
(d) The area under the distribution curve remains the same as (c) Only kinetic
under the lower temperature (d) None of the above
18. If P, V, M, T and R are pressure, volume, molar mass, temperature 29. At the same temperature and pressure, which of the following gases
and gas constant respectively, then for an ideal gas, the density is will have the highest kinetic energy per mole
given by [CBSE PMT 1989, 91] [MNR 1991]
RT P (a) Hydrogen (b) Oxygen
(a) (b) (c) Methane (d) All the same
PM RT
30. Dimensions of pressure are the same as that of
M PM [CBSE PMT 1995]
(c) (d)
V RT (a) Energy (b) Force
19. An ideal gas will have maximum density when [CPMT 2000] (c) Energy per unit volume (d) Force per unit volume
(a) P  0.5 atm, T  600 K 31. The density of a gas An is three times that of a gas B. if the
molecular mass of A is M, the molecular mass of B is
(b) P  2 atm, T  150 K [CPMT 1987]
(c) P  1 atm, T  300 K
(a) 3 M (b) 3M
(d) P  1.0 atm, T  500 K
(c) M /3 (d) M/ 3
20. If the inversion temperature of a gas is  80 o C , then it will
produce cooling under Joule-Thomson effect at Molecular speeds
 242 Gaseous state

1. The ratio of root mean square velocity to average velocity of gas 3P 3 PV

(a) (b)
molecules at a particular temperature is [IIT 1981] d M
(a) 1.086 : 1 (b) 1 : 1.086
3 RT
(c) 2 : 1.086 (d) 1.086 : 2 (c) (d) All the above
2. Which is not true in case of an ideal gas [CBSE PMT 1991]
M
(a) It cannot be converted into a liquid 12. Root mean square velocity of a gas molecule is proportional to[CBSE PMT 1990]
(b) There is no interaction between the molecules (a) m1 / 2 (b) m 0
(c) All molecules of the gas move with same speed (c) m 1 / 2 (d) m
(d) At a given temperature, PV is proportional to the amount of 13. At constant volume, for a fixed number of moles of a gas, the
the gas pressure of the gas increases with increase in temperature due to[IIT 1992]
3. The ratio among most probable velocity, mean velocity and root (a) Increase in the average molecular speed
mean square velocity is given by [CBSE PMT 1993] (b) Increased rate of collision amongst molecules
(c) Increase in molecular attraction
(a) 1 : 2 : 3 (b) 1 : 2 : 3 (d) Decrease in mean free path
14. Molecular velocities of the two gases at the same temperature are
(c) 2 : 3 : 8 / (d) 2 : 8 / : 3
u1 and u 2 . Their masses are m1 and m 2 respectively. Which of
4. Which of the following has maximum root mean square velocity at
the following expressions is correct
the same temperature [Manipal PMT 2002]
[BHU 1994]
(a) SO 2 (b) CO 2 m1 m2
(a)  (b) m1u1  m 2u2
(c) O2 (d) H2 u12 u 22
5. The temperature at which RMS velocity of SO 2 molecules is half m1 m 2
(c)  (d) m1u12  m 2u22
that of He molecules at 300 K is [NTSE 1991] u1 u2
(a) 150 K (b) 600 K 15. The temperature of the gas is raised from 27 o C to 927 o C , the
(c) 900 K (d) 1200 K root mean square velocity is [CBSE PMT 1994]
6. At 27 o C , the ratio of rms velocities of ozone to oxygen is (a) 927 / 27 times the earlier value
[EAMCET 1992] (b) Same as before
(c) Halved
(a) 3/5 (b) 4/3 (d) Doubled
16. The ratio between the root mean square velocity of H at 50 K and
(c) 2/3 (d) 0.25 2

that of O 2 at 800 K is [IIT 1996]

7. The average kinetic energy of an ideal gas per molecule in SI units at
(a) 4 (b) 2
25 o C will be [CBSE PMT 1996] (c) 1 (d) 1/4
21 21 17. The root mean square velocity of an ideal gas at constant pressure
(a) 6.17  10 kJ (b) 6.17  10 J varies density (d) as [IIT 2000]
(c) 6.17  10 20 J (d) 7.16  10 20 J (a) d2 (b) d
8. At what temperature the RMS velocity of SO 2 be same as that of (c) d (d) 1 / d
18. Consider a mixture of SO 2 and O 2 kept at room temperature.
O 2 at 303 K [KCET 2001]
Compared to the oxygen molecule, the SO 2 molecule will hit the
(a) 273 K (b) 606 K
wall with
(c) 303 K (d) 403 K (a) Smaller average speed (b) Greater average speed
9. Among the following gases which one has the lowest root mean (c) Greater kinetic energy (d) Greater mass
square velocity at 25 o C [EAMCET 1983] 19. The rms speed of N 2 molecules in a gas is u. If the temperature is
(a) SO 2 (b) N2 doubled and the nitrogen molecules dissociate into nitrogen atoms,
the rms speed becomes
(c) O2 (d) Cl 2 (a) u / 2 (b) 2u
10. The root mean square velocity of an ideal gas in a closed container (c) 4u (d) 14u
20. Choose the correct arrangement, where the symbols have their usual
of fixed volume is increased from 5  10 4 cm s 1 to meanings
10  10 4 cm s 1 . Which of the following statement correctly (a) u  u p  urms (b) urms  u  u p
explains how the change is accomplished (c) u p  u  urms (d) u p  urms  u
[Pb. CET 1986] 21. The ratio of most probable velocity to that of average velocity is [JEE Orissa 200
(a) By heating the gas, the temperature is doubled (a)  / 2 (b) 2 / 
(b) By heating the gas, the pressure is quadrupled (i.e. made four
times) (c)  /2 (d) 2 / 
(c) By heating the gas, the temperature is quadrupled 22. The r.m.s. velocity of a certain gas is v at 300 K . The
(d) By heating the gas, the pressure is doubled temperature, at which the r.m.s. velocity becomes double
[Pb. CET 2002]
11. The rms velocity at NTP of the species can be calculated from the
expression [EAMCET 1990] (a) 1200 K (b) 900 K
(c) 600 K (d) 150 K
23. The r.m.s. velocity of a gas depends upon [DCE 2002]
(a) Temperature only
 Gaseous State 243
(b) Molecular mass only
(b) 100 o C and 2 atmospheric pressure
(c) Temperature and molecular mass of gas
(d) None of these (c)  100 o C and 5 atmospheric pressure
24. What is the pressure of 2 mole of NH 3 at 27 o C when its (d) 500 o C and 1 atmospheric pressure
volume is 5 litre in vander Waal’s equation (a = 4.17, b = 0.03711)[JEE Orissa7.2004] The temperature at which the second virial coefficient of real gas is
(a) 10.33 atm (b) 9.33 atm zero is called [AFMC 1993]
(c) 9.74 atm (d) 9.2 atm
25. The root mean square velocity of one mole of a monoatomic having (a) Critical temperature
(b) Eutetic point
molar mass M is U rms . The relation between the average kinetic
(c) Boiling point
energy (E) of the U rms is (d) Boyle's temperature
[IIT-JEE Screening 2004] 8. When is deviation more in the behaviour of a gas from the ideal gas
3E 2E equation PV  nRT
(a) U rms  (b) U rms 
2M 3M [DPMT 1981; NCERT 1982; CBSE PMT 1993]
(a) At high temperature and low pressure
2E E
(c) U rms  (d) U rms  (b) At low temperature and high pressure
M 3M (c) At high temperature and high pressure
26. Ratio of average to most probable velocity is (d) At low temperature and low high pressure
[Orissa JEE 2005]
(a) 1.128 (b) 1.224 9. Vander Waal's constants 'a' and 'b' are related with..... respectively[RPMT 1994]
(c) 1.0 (d) 1.112 (a) Attractive force and bond energy of molecules
(b) Volume and repulsive force of molecules
27. If the vrms is 30R1 / 2 at 27 o C then calculate the molar mass of
(c) Shape and repulsive forces of molecules
gas in kilogram. [DPMT 2005]
(a) 1 (b) 2 (d) Attractive force and volume of the molecules
(c) 4 (d) 0.001 10. Gas deviates from ideal gas nature because molecules
[CPMT 1996]
Real gases and Vander waal’s equation (a) Are colourless
(b) Attract each other
1. The Vander Waal's equation explains the behaviour of (c) Contain covalent bond
[DPMT 1981] (d) Show Brownian movement
(a) Ideal gases (b) Real gases 11. The Vander Waal's equation reduces itself to the ideal gas equation
(c) Vapour (d) Non-real gases at [Kerala MEE 2001; CBSE PMT 2002]
2. Gases deviate from the ideal gas behaviour because their molecules[NCERT 1981]
(a) Possess negligible volume (a) High pressure and low temperature
(b) Have forces of attraction between them (b) Low pressure and low temperature
(c) Are polyatomic (c) Low pressure and high temperature
(d) Are not attracted to one another (d) High pressure and high temperature
3. The compressibility factor of a gas is defined as Z  PV / RT . The 12. The compressibility factor for an ideal gas is [IIT 1997]
compressibility factor of ideal gas is (a) 1.5 (b) 1.0
[Pb. CET 1986]
(a) 0 (b) Infinity (c) 2.0 (d) 
(c) 1 (d) –1 13. When an ideal gas undergoes unrestrained expansion, no cooling
4. In Vander Waal's equation of state for a non-ideal gas, the term that occurs because the molecules [IIT 1984, 89]
accounts for intermolecular forces is (a) Are above the inversion temperature
[CBSE PMT 1990; IIT 1988] (b) Exert no attractive force on each other
(a) (V  b) (b) (RT )1 (c) Do work equal to loss in kinetic energy
 a  (d) Collide without loss of energy
(c) P  2  (d) RT 14. A gas is said to behave like an ideal gas when the relation
 V 
PV / T  constant . When do you expect a real gas to behave like
5. Vander Waal's equation of state is obeyed by real gases. For n moles
of a real gas, the expression will be an ideal gas
[IIT 1992; Pb. CET 1986; DPMT 1986] [IIT 1999; CBSE PMT 1990; CPMT 1991]
 P na   V  (a) When the temperature is low
(a)   2    RT (b) When both the temperature and pressure are low
n V  n b 
(c) When both the temperature and pressure are high
 a 
(b)  P  2  (V  b)  nRT (d) When the temperature is high and pressure is low
 V  15. A real gas most closely approaches the behaviour of an ideal gas at[KCET 1992]
 na  (a) 15 atm and 200 K (b) 1 atm and 273 K
(c)  P  2  (nV  b)  nRT
 V  (c) 0.5 atm and 500 K (d) 15 atm and 500 K
 n 2a  16. The temperature at which real gases obey the ideal gas laws over a
(d)  P  2  (V  nb)  nRT wide range of pressure is called
 V 
 [AFMC 1993; IIT 1981, 94]
6. Any gas shows maximum deviation from ideal gas at (a) Critical temperature
[CPMT 1991] (b) Boyle temperature
(a) 0 o C and 1 atmospheric pressure (c) Inversion temperature
 244 Gaseous state
(d) Reduced temperature (b) Its molecules are relatively smaller in size
17. At low pressure, the Vander Waal's equation is reduced to (c) It solidifies before becoming a liquid
(d) Forces operative between its molecules are negligible
pVm ap pVm b
(a) Z 1 (b) Z 1 p 4. However great the pressure, a gas cannot be liquefied above its
RT RT RT RT
(a) Boyle temperature
pVm a (b) Inversion temperature
(c) pVm  RT (d) Z 1
RT RT (c) Critical temperature
18. At high temperature and low pressure, the Vander Waal's equation (d) Room temperature
is reduced to 5. An ideal gas obeying kinetic theory of gases can be liquefied if[CBSE PMT 1995]
  (a) Its temperature is more than critical temperature Tc
(a)  p  a  (Vm )  RT
 2 (b) Its pressure is more than critical pressure Pc
 Vm 
(c) Its pressure is more than Pc at a temperature less than Tc
(b) pVm  RT
(d) It cannot be liquefied at any value of P and T
(c) p(Vm  b)  RT 6. The Vander Waal's parameters for gases W, X, Y and Z are
Gas a (atm L mol )
2 –2
b (L mol ) –1–11–1–14545454

 a 
(d)  p  2  (Vm  b)  RT W 4.0 0.027
 Vm 
 X 8.0 0.030
Y 6.0 0.032
19. When helium is allowed to expand into vacuum, heating effect is
observed. Its reason is that [CPMT 1987]
Z 12.0 0.027
Which one of these gases has the highest critical temperature
(a) Helium is an ideal gas
(a) W (b) X
(b) Helium is an inert gas (c) Y (d) Z
(c) The inversion temperature of helium is very low 7. The Vander Waal's constant 'a' for the gases O2 , N 2 , NH 3 and
(d) The boiling point of helium is the lowest among the elements
CH 4 are 1.3, 1.390, 4.170 and 2.253 L2 atm mol 2 respectively.
20. In van der Waal’s equation of state of the gas law, the constant ‘ b ’ The gas which can be most easily liquefied is
is a measure of [AIEEE 2004] [IIT 1989]
(a) Volume occupied by the molecules (a) O2 (b) N2
(b) Intermolecular attraction (c) NH 3 (d) CH 4
(c) Intermolecular repulsions 8. A gas can be liquefied [AFMC 2005]
(d) Intermolecular collisions per unit volume (a) Above its critical temperature
21. In which molecule the vander Waal’s force is likely to be the most (b) At its critical temperature
important in determining the m.pt. and b.pt. (c) Below its critical temperature
(d) At any temperature
[DPMT 2000]
9. Which of the following is correct for critical temperature
(a) H2S (b) Br2 (a) It is the highest temperature at which liquid and vapour can
coexist
(c) HCl (d) CO (b) Beyond the critical temperature, there is no distinction between
22. Pressure exerted by 1 mole of methane in a 0.25 litre container at the two phases and a gas cannot be liquefied by compression
300K using vander Waal's equation (given (c) At critical temperature (Tc ) the surface tension of the system
1  2.253 atml 2 mol 2 , b  0.0428 litmol 1 ) is is zero
[Orissa JEE 2005] (d) At critical temperature the gas and the liquid phases have
different critical densities
(a) 82.82 atm (b) 152.51 atm
10. A gas has a density of 2.68 g / L at stp. Identify the gas
(c) 190.52 atm (d) 70.52 atm
(a) NO 2 (b) Kr
Critical state and Liquefaction of gases (c) COS (d) SO 2
11. Weight of 112 ml of oxygen at NTP on liquefaction would be[DPMT 1984]
1. Which set of conditions represents easiest way to liquefy a gas[NCERT 1983] (a) 0.32 g (b) 0.64 g
(a) Low temperature and high pressure (c) 0.16 g (d) 0.96 g
(b) High temperature and low pressure
(c) Low temperature and low pressure
(d) High temperature and high pressure
2. Adiabatic demagnetisation is a technique used for
[BHU 1984]
(a) Adiabatic expansion of a gas
(b) Production of low temperature
(c) Production of high temperature 1. As the temperature is raised from 20 o C to 40 o C the average
kinetic energy of neon atoms changes by a factor of which of the
(d) None following [AIEEE 2004]
3. An ideal gas can't be liquefied because [CBSE PMT 1992]
o (a) 313/293 (b) (313 / 293)
(a) Its critical temperature is always above 0 C
 Gaseous State 245
(c) 1/2 (d) 2 11. If C1, C2 , C3 ...... represent the speeds of n1, n2 , n3 ..... molecules,
2. A gas is found to have a formula [CO] x . If its vapour density is 70, then the root mean square speed is [IIT 1993]
the value of x is [DCE 2004] 1/2
 n1C12  n2 C 22  n3 C32  ..... 
(a) 2.5 (b) 3.0 (a)  
(c) 5.0 (d) 6.0  n1  n2  n3  ..... 
 
3. Which of the given sets of temperature and pressure will cause a gas
to exhibit the greatest deviation from ideal gas behavior [DCE 2003] (n1C12  n2C22  n3 C32  .....) 1 / 2
(b)
n1  n2  n3  .....
(a) 100 o C and 4 atm (b) 100 o C and 2 atm
(c)  100 o C and 4 atm (d) 0 o C and 2 atm (n1C12 )1 / 2 (n2C22 )1 / 2 (n3 C32 )1 / 2
(c)    ......
4. The molecular weight of O 2 and SO 2 are 32 and 64 respectively. n1 n2 n3
1/2
If one litre of O 2 at 15 o C and 750 mm pressure contains 'N'  (n1C1  n2 C2  n3 C3  ....) 2 
(d)  
molecules, the number of molecules in two litres of SO 2 under the  (n1  n2  n3  ....) 
same conditions of temperature and pressure will be [CBSE 1990; MNR 1991]
12. 50 ml of hydrogen diffuses out through a small hole from a vessel in
(a) N /2 (b) N 20 minutes. The time needed for 40 ml of oxygen to diffuse out is[CBSE PMT 19
(c) 2N (d) 4N (a) 12 min (b) 64 min
5. What is the relationship between the average velocity (v), root mean (c) 8 min (d) 32 min
square velocity (u) and most probable velocity (a) 13. At what temperature will the average speed of CH 4 molecules have
[AFMC 1994] the same value as O 2 has at 300 K
(a)  : v : u :: 1 : 1.128 : 1.224 [CBSE PMT 1989]
(b)  : v : u :: 1.128 : 1 : 1.224 (a) 1200 K (b) 150 K
(c) 600 K (d) 300 K
(c)  : v : u :: 1.128 : 1.224 : 1
14. A sample of O 2 gas is collected over water at 23 o C at a
(d)  : v : u :: 1.124 : 1.228 : 1
barometric pressure of 751 mm Hg (vapour pressure of water at
6. Consider the following statements : For diatomic gases, the ratio
23 o C is 21 mm Hg). The partial pressure of O 2 gas in the
C p / Cv is equal to
sample collected is [CBSE PMT 1993]
(1) 1.40 (lower temperature) (a) 21 mm Hg (b) 751 mm Hg
(2) 1.66 (moderate temperature) (c) 0.96 atm (d) 1.02 atm
(3) 1.29 (higher temperature)
15. In an experiment during the analysis of a carbon compound, 145 l
which of the above statements are correct
of H 2 was collected at 760 mm Hg pressure and 27 o C
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1 and 2
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 1 and 3 temperature. The mass of H 2 is nearly
7. The compressibility factor for an ideal gas is [MP PET 2004] [MNR 1987]
(a) 1.5 (b) 1.0 (a) 10 g (b) 12 g
(c) 2.0 (d)  (c) 24 g (d) 6 g
8. The compressibility factor of a gas is less than 1 at STP. Its molar 16. The volume of 1 g each of methane (CH 4 ) , ethane (C2 H 6 ) ,
volume Vm will be [MP PET 2004]
propane (C3 H 8 ) and butane (C4 H10 ) was measured at 350 K
(a) Vm  22.42 (b) Vm  22.42 and 1 atm. What is the volume of butane [NCERT 1981]

(c) Vm  22.42 (d) None (a) 495 cm 3 (b) 600 cm 3

9. If some moles of O 2 diffuse in 18 sec and same moles of other gas (c) 900 cm 3 (d) 1700 cm 3
diffuse in 45 sec then what is the molecular weight of the unknown 17. The ratio of the rate of diffusion of helium and methane under
gas [CPMT 1988] identical condition of pressure and temperature will be [IIT 2005]
45 2 18 2 (a) 4 (b) 2
(a)  32 (b)  32
18 2 45 2 (c) 1 (d) 0.5
18. At what temperature in the celsius scale, V (volume) of a certain
18 2 45 2
(c) (d) mass of gas at 27 o C will be doubled keeping the pressure
45  32
2
18  32
2
constant [Orissa 1993]
10. The ratio of rates of diffusion of SO 2 , O2 and CH 4 is o o
(a) 54 C (b) 327 C
[BHU 1992]
(c) 427 o C (d) 527 o C
(a) 1: 2 :2 (b) 1 : 2 : 4
19. Pressure of a mixture of 4 g of O 2 and 2 g of H 2 confined in a
(c) 2 : 2 :1 (d) 1 : 2 : 2
bulb of 1 litre at 0 o C is [AIIMS 2000]
(a) 25.215 atm (b) 31.205 atm
 246 Gaseous state
(c) 45.215 atm (d) 15.210 atm 8. Assertion : 1/4 of the gas is expelled if air present in an
th

20. If pressure becomes double at the same absolute temperature on 2 open vessel is heated from 27 o C to 127 o C .
L CO 2 , then the volume of CO 2 becomes Reason : Rate of diffusion of a gas is inversely
proportional to the square root of its molecular
[AIIMS 1992]
mass.
(a) 2 L (b) 4 L 9. Assertion : Compressibility factor for hydrogen varies with
(c) 25 L (d) 1 L pressure with positive slope at all pressures.
Reason : Even at low pressures, repulsive forces dominate
21. Volume of the air that will be expelled from a vessel of 300 cm 3 hydrogen gas. [AIIMS 2005]
when it is heated from 27 o C to 37 o C at the same pressure will 10. Assertion : vander Waal’s equation is applicable only to non-
be ideal gases.
(a) 310 cm 3 (b) 290 cm 3 Reason : Ideal gases obey the equation PV  nRT .
(c) 10 cm 3
(d) 37 cm 3 11. Assertion : Pressure exerted by gas in a container with
increasing temperature of the gas.
22. 300 ml of a gas at 27 o C is cooled to  3 o C at constant Reason : With the rise in temperature, the average speed
pressure, the final volume is of gas molecules increases.
[NCERT 1981, MP PMT 1992] [AIIMS 1995]
(a) 540 ml (b) 135 ml 12. Assertion : Gases do not settle to the bottom of container.
(c) 270 ml (d) 350 ml Reason : Gases have high kinetic energy.
[AIIMS 1997]
13. Assertion : A mixture of He and O 2 is used for
respiration for deep sea divers.
Reason : He is soluble in blood. [AIIMS 1998]

Read the assertion and reason carefully to mark the correct option out of 14. Assertion : Wet air is heavier than dry air.
the options given below : Reason : The density of dry air is more than density of
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct water. [AIIMS 1999]
explanation of the assertion. 15. Assertion : All molecules in a gas have some speed.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct
explanation of the assertion. Reason : Gas contains molecules of different size and
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false. shape. [AIIMS 2001]
(d) If the assertion and reason both are false. 16. Assertion : Effusion rate of oxygen is smaller than nitrogen.
(e) If assertion is false but reason is true.
Reason : Molecular size of nitrogen is smaller than oxygen.[AIIMS 200
1. Assertion : Plot of P Vs. 1 / V (volume) is a straight line.
Reason : Pressure is directly proportional to volume.
2. Assertion : Jet aeroplane flying at high altitude need
pressurization of the cabin.
Reason : Oxygen is not present at higher altitude.
3. Assertion : 1 mol of H 2 and O 2 each occupy 22.4 L of
volume at 0 o C and 1 bar pressure. Characteristics and Measurable properties of gases
Reason : Molar volume for all gases at the same
temperautre and pressure has the same volume. 1 c 2 c 3 b 4 a 5 c
4. Assertion : Pressure exerted by a mixture of reacting gases is
equal to the sum of their partial pressures. 6 d 7 a 8 b 9 c 10 a
Reason : Reacting gases react to form a new gas having 11 a 12 b 13 a 14 d 15 c
pressure equal to the sum of both.
5. Assertion : Greater the value of Vander Waal’s constant ' a' 16 e
greater is the liquefaction of gas.
Reason : ' a' indirectly measures the magnitude of Ideal gas equation and Related gas laws
attractive forces between the molecules.
6. Assertion : Carbondioxide has greater value of root mean
1 c 2 d 3 a 4 a 5 a
square velocity  rms than carbon monoxide.
Reason :  rms is directly proportional to molar mass. 6 bc 7 a 8 a 9 c 10 d
11 a 12 a 13 a 14 a 15 c
7. Assertion : 4.58 mm and 0.0098 o C is known to be triple
point of water. 16 c 17 b 18 c 19 a 20 b
Reason : At this pressure and temperature all the three
states i.e., water, ice and vapour exist 21 c 22 c 23 d 24 a 25 c
simultaneously.
26 c 27 b 28 c 29 c 30 c
 Gaseous State 247

31 a 32 a 33 b 34 b 35 b 21 b 22 a

36 c 37 d 38 c 39 c 40 a
41 b 42 c 43 c 44 d 45 a

46 a 47 b 48 d 49 b 50 c
51 d 52 a 53 a 54 c 55 a
56 a 57 b 58 a 59 b 60 a

61 b 62 d 63 c 64 b 65 d
66 b 67 d 68 a 69 a 70 b

71 c 72 a 73 d 74 c 75 a

76 c 77 d 78 b 79 b 80 b

81 d 82 d 83 c 84 c 85 a

86 d 87 a 88 a 89 c 90 c

91 a 92 c 93 a 94 b 95 a

96 a 97 d 98 b 99 e 100 a

101 c 102 c 103 c 104 c 105 a

106 a

Kinetic molecular theory of gases and

Molecular collisions

1 d 2 c 3 d 4 d 5 b

6 a 7 a 8 c 9 b 10 b

11 a 12 d 13 a 14 a 15 acd

16 a 17 b 18 d 19 b 20 d

21 a 22 d 23 c 24 b 25 b

26 a 27 d 28 a 29 d 30 c
31 c

Molecular speeds

1 a 2 c 3 d 4 d 5 d

6 c 7 b 8 b 9 d 10 b

11 d 12 c 13 a 14 d 15 d

16 c 17 d 18 d 19 b 20 b

21 c 22 a 23 c 24 b 25 c

26 a 27 d

Real gases and Vander waal’s equation

1 b 2 b 3 c 4 c 5 d
6 c 7 d 8 b 9 d 10 b
11 c 12 b 13 b 14 d 15 c
16 b 17 a 18 b 19 c 20 a
 Gaseous State 249

P = 100 kPa , P1  ? , V = 1 litre , V1  4 litre

Critical state and Liquefaction of gases
applying Boyle's law PV  P1V1
100  1 = P1  4 ; P1  25
1 a 2 b 3 d 4 c 5 d
If P2 is the pressure of O 2 gas in the mixture of O 2 and
6 d 7 c 8 c 9 abc 10 c
N 2 then, 320  3 = P2  4 ; P2  240
11 c
Hence, Total pressure P  P1  P2  25  240
 265 kPa
Critical Thinking Questions
Ideal gas equation and Related gas laws
1 a 2 c 3 c 4 c 5 a
1
6 d 7 b 8 b 9 a 10 a 1. (c) Boyle's law is V  at constant T
P
11 a 12 b 13 b 14 c 15 b
1
2. (d) According to Boyle's law V 
16 a 17 b 18 b 19 a 20 d P
21 c 22 c Constant
V ; VP = Constant.
P
Assertion & Reason 3. (a) At sea level, because of compression by air above the proximal
layer of air, pressure increases hence volume decreases i.e.
density increases. It is Boyle’s law.
1 c 2 c 3 a 4 d 5 a
4. (a) At constant T , P1V1  P2 V2
6 d 7 a 8 b 9 a 10 b 20
1  20  P2  50 ; P2  1
11 a 12 a 13 c 14 e 15 d 50
5. (a) P.V = constant at constant temperature. As temperature
16 c
changes, the value of constant also changes.
6. (b,c)According to Boyle's Law PV = constant, at constant
temperature either P increases or V increases both (b) & (c)
may be correct.
d1 1 T1 2 P1 V2 T1 T .d
7. (a)  ,      1 1
d 2 2 T2 1 P2 V1 T2 T2 .d 2
P1 2 1 1
 . 
P2 1 2 1
Characteristics and Measurable properties of gases o
8. (a) Absolute temperature is temperature measured in Kelvin ,
1. (c) Gases do not have definite shape and volume. Their volume is expressed by T
equal to the volume of the container. 11. (a) T1  273o C  273  273o K  546o K
2. (c) All the three phases of water can coexist at 0 o C & 4.7 mm T2  0 o C  273  0 o C  273o K
pressure.
3. (b) It is characteristic of gases i.e. Thermal energy >> molecular P1  1 ; P2  ?
attraction According to Gay-Lussac’s law
4. (a) In gases, molecular attraction is very less and intermolecular
P1 P2 PT 1  273 o K 1
spaces are large hence kinetic energy of gases is highest.   P2  1 2  atm; atm.
5. (c) Gases and liquids, both can flow and posses viscosity. T1 T2 T1 546 o K 2
7. (a) Newton is unit of force. 12. (a) Vt  Vo (1   v t)
C o F o  32
8. (b)   (V2  V1 )  V  Vo(t 2  t1 )
5 9
if t2  t1  1o then V  Vo
9. (c) 1 L  10 3 m 3  10 3 cm 3  1dm 3  10 3 ml .
10. (a) 1 atm = 10 6 dynes cm -2
For every 1o C increase in temperature, the volume of a given
12. (b) Barometer is used to measure atmospheric pressure of mixture mass of an ideal gas increases by a definite fraction
of gases. Staglometer is used to measure surface tension. Only 1
of Vo . Here Vo is volume at 0 o C temperature.
manometer is used to measure pressure of pure gas in a vessel. 273.15
13. (a) 0 o C is equivalent to 273o K i.e. conditions are same so V1 T1 T 546 o K
volume will be V ml. 13. (a)   V2  2 V1   0 .2 L  0 .4 L.
14. (d) The mass of gas can be determined by weighing the container, V2 T2 T1 273o K
filled with gas and again weighing this container after removing T2 270 o K
the gas. The difference between the two weights gives the mass 14. (a) V2  .V1  .400cm 3  360cm 3
of the gas. T1 300 o K
15. (c) Nobel gases has no intermolecular forces due to inertness. contraction  V1  V2  400  360  40cm 3
16. (e) Total volume of two flasks = 1+ 3 = 4
If P1 the pressure of gas N 2 in the mixture of N 2 and 15. (c) At constant volumes P  T
nR
O 2 then P = constant T; PV = nRT  P  T
V
 250 Gaseous State
nR P1 V1 P2 V2 PV T
slope = m   V2  V1 35. (b)   1 1  1
V T1 T P2 V2 T2
m1 V2
  m1  m 2 is curve for V has a greater slope than 36. (c) d a  2d b ; 2 M a  M b
2

m 2 V1 m m RT dRT
for V PV  nRT  RT ; P  . 
1
M V M M
P1 P1 P P
16. (c)    Pa d a M b 2d b 2 M a
T1 T1 T1 T2    4
Pb d b M a db Ma
2 P1  T  T2  2 P1 (T1 T2 ) 2 P1 T2
 P  1 ; P 
  37. (d) n of O2 
16 1

T1  1 2 
T T T (
1 1T  T 2 ) T1  T2 32 2
18. (c) At constant V of a definite mass 3
P1 P2 P1 300 1 n of H 2 
    i.e. pressure increases 2
T1 T2 P2 600 2 3 1
and on increasing temperature energy of molecules increases so  2
Total no. of moles =
2 2
the rate of collisions also increases and number of moles
nRT 2  .082  273
remains constant because there is neither addition nor V   44.8 lit = 44800 ml
removal of gas in the occurring. P 1
19. (a) Avogadro number = 6.0224  10 23
PV m
38. (c) n 
PV RT M
20. (b) Compressibility =  1 at STP (as given)
nRT MPV 34  2  100
nRT  PV R = 0.821 m   282.4 gm
RT 0.082  293
N  0.0821  273  1Vm T = 273 K o

PV T 760 546
39. (c) V2  1 1 1    273  691.6 ml.
22.41 litres Vm P=1 T1 P2 600 273
n=1 P1V1 P2 V2 P V m
21. (c) The value of universal gas constant can be expressed in 40. (a)   T2  2 2 T1 1
different units and its value would depend only on the units of n1T1 n2 T2 P1 V1 m2
the measurement. 0 .75 1 2
22. (c) PV = nRT     300 o K  450 o K
1 1 1
PV
R  litre . atm. K mole –1 –1
P1 T2 1 250
nT 41. (b) V2  .V1    12000lit.  20000lit.
23. (d) (atm. K mol ) is not a unit of R
-1 –1 P2 T1 0.5 300
24. (a) 8.31 J.K mol -1 –1
42. (c) At constant pressure
1 cal = 4.2 J. m
8 .31 V  nT  T
 cal.K 1mol 1 = 1.987 cal K mol –1 –1 M
4 .2 V1 m1 T1 T V m d 300 o K 0 .75 d
n P   1  1  2  2  
30. (c) PV = nRT   V2 m 2 T2 T2 m1 V2 d1 T2 d
V RT
300
nRT 2  0 .0821  546 T2   400 o K
31. (a) P    2 atm. 0 .75
V 44.8 l
P1 V1 P2 V2 PV 740 80
P1 V1 P2 V2 PVT 43. (c)   T2  2 2  T1    300
32. (a)   n 2  2 2 1 n1 T1 T2 P1 V1 740 100
n1 T1 n 2 T2 P1 V1 T2
 240o K  33o C
at STP n1  one mole. at T  273o  30 o  303o K 47. (b) Because H 2 & Cl 2 gases may react with each other to
P = 1 atm.
1
P2  1 atm produce HCl gas hence Dalton's law is not applicable.
V = 22.4 lt
1
V2  22.4 48. (d) Because HCl & NH 3 gases may react to produce NH 4 Cl
T = 273 K
1
o
gas. Dalton's Law is applicable for non reacting gas mixtures.
1 22.4 273 49. (b) NH 3 and HCl & HBr is a reacting gas mixture to
n2     1  0.9 moles
1 22.4 303 produce NH 4 Cl & NH 4 Br so Dalton's law is not applicable.
nRT 0 .5  0.082  273 K o
m
33. (b) V    11.2lit 50. (c) No. of moles of lighter gas 
P 1 4
P1 V1T2 m
34. (b) V2   P1  P ; T1  273o K No. of moles of heavier gas 
P2 T1 40
3 T 4 m m 11m
P2  P ; T2  T1  1   273 o K Total no. of moles   
2 3 3 4 40 40
2 P 4 273 800 m
V2     100cc  cc  88.888 cc 10
3 P 3 273 9 Mole fraction of lighter gas  4 
= 88.9 cc 11m 11
40
 Gaseous State 251

10 x 2 1
Partial pressure due to lighter gas  Po    gm.  .5 gm
11 10 10  4 2
10 69. (a) rCH 4  2rg
 1 .1   1atm.
11 2
 rCH 
52. (a) m. wt. of NH 3  17 ; m.wt. of N 2  28 M g  M CH 4  4   16  2 2  64
 rg 
m.wt. of CO 2  44 ; m.wt. of O2  32  
beacuse NH 3 is lightest gas out of these gases 1 Volume effused V
70. (b) r  r  
M time taken t
 1 
r   V 1
 MolecularWeight   for same volumes (V constant)
t M
rg M He r 2 He 4 4 t1 M1
55. (a)   M g  M He . 2  2
 2 t M 
rHe Mg r g (1 .4 ) 1 .96 t2 M2
Note : 1.4  2  t He  t H 2
M He
5
4
 5 2 s.
1 M H2 2
56. (a) rg  .rH 2
5
32
 rH 
2 tO 2  t  5  20 s
Mg 2
  2   (5)2  25 ; M g  2  25  50
M H2  rg  28 44
2
tCO  5  5 14 s ; tCO 2  5  5 22 s
1  rH  2 2
57. (b) rg  rH ; M g  M H 2 . 2   2  6 2  2  36  72
rN 2 TN 2 M So 2 TN 2
6 2  rg  71. (c) 
Vrms N 2
 .  
64
58. (a) M1  64 ; r2  2r1 rSO 2 Vrms SO 2 TSO 2 M N2 323 28
2
r  1 TN 2 16
M 2  M 1  1   64   16 1 .625  .
 2
r 4 323 7

0 09 (1 .625)2  323  7

dH 1 1 TN 2   373o K
59. (b) rO  rH 1   16
dO 1 .44 16 4
72. (a) C  H 2O  COg   H 2g 
2
r 
2
d 1 1 12 gm  1mol  1mol
60. (a) ra  5rb ; a   b     
d b  ra  5 25 12 gm C produces 2mole of gases (1mole CO & 1 mole of H ) 2

48
61. (b)
d1

1 r
; 1 
d2
 16 
4 48 gm C may produce  2  4  2  8 mole
d 2 16 r2 d1 1 12
 22.4  8 L gases  179.2 L gas.
1 1
DA B  B  2  B 2 mRT 4 .4  .082  273
62. (d)    ;  D A  DB   73. (d) Molecular weight =  = 44
A  A   1  2 .24
 A
PV
DB 
63. (c) Gases may be separated by this process because of different rates of So the gas should be CO 2
diffusion due to difference in their densities. 74. (c) PV  nRT
64. (b) NH 4 Cl ring will first formed near the HCl bottle because n n
P  RT   C  P  CRT
rate of diffusion of NH 3 is more than that of HCl because V V
M NH 3 : M HCl  17 : 36.5) . SO NH 3 will reach first to the P 1
T   12o K
HCl bottle & will react there with HCl to form NH 4 Cl CR 1  .821
ring 75. (a) 6.02  10 22 molecules of each N 2 , O2 and H 2
65. (d) Because both NO and C2 H 6 have same molecular weights 6 .02  10 22
M NO  M C 2 H 6  30  and rate of diffusion  molecular

6 .02  10 23
moles of each
weight. Weight of mixture = weight of 0.1 mole N 2  weight of 0.1
2
M A  rB  r 1 1 1 mole H 2 + weight of 0.1 mole of O2
67. (d)     rA  2rB  B   2   .25
M B  rA  rA 2 (2) 4  (28  0.1)  (2  0.1)  (32  0.1)  6.2 gm
2gm xgm 76. (c) M.wt of CO 2 = 12+16+16 = 44
68. (a) rH  if rO 
10 min 10 min Volume of 44 gm of CO 2 at NTP = 22.4 litre
M H2 2 2 22 .4
rO  rH  1 gm of CO 2 at NTP =
M O2 10 32 44
 252 Gaseous State
4.4 gm of CO 2 at N.T.P In 1l of H2 maximum number of molecules


22.4
 4 .4 litre  2.24 litre 6 .023  10 23

44 22.4
78. (b) No. of moles of CO 2 present in 200 ml solution In 15l of H2 maximum number of molecules
200 6 .023  10 23
= molarity  Volume (in lt.)  0 .1   .02   15  4.03  10 23 molecules.
1000 22.4
Volume of 0.02 mole of CO 2  22.4  .02lt.  0.448lit. 93. (a) 22.4 l O2 at S.T.P.  32 gm of O 2
79. (b) Molecular weight = V.d.  2 = 11.2  2 = 22.4 32
Volume of 22.4 gm Substance of NTP = 22.4 litre 1l O 2 at S.T.P.   1 .43 gm of O 2
22.4
22.4
1 gm substance at NTP = litre 95 (a) We know that molecular mass of hydrogen M1  2 and that
22.4
11.2 gm substance of NTP = 11.2 litre of helium M 2  4 , we also know that Graham's law of
M . wt . of O2 M 32 1 diffusion
80. (b)  1  
M . wt . of SO 2 M2 64 2 r1 M2 4
   2  1 .4 ; r1  1.4 m
1 r2 M1 2
The weight of oxygen will be that of SO 2
2 rA MH r 2
81. (b) For HI has the least volume because of greater molecular 96. (a)   
rH MA 6r MA
1
weight V  M A  6  6  2  72 g
M
83. (c) Since no. of molecules is halved so pressure should also be 97. (d) Given that:
halved. V1  100ml, P1  720mm , V2  84 ml, P2  ?
84. (c) H 2 will be filled first because of lower molecular weight By using P1V1  P2 V2 [According to the Boyle's law]
85. (a) Mixture of SO 2 and Cl 2 are reacted chemically and forms P1 V1 720  100
P2    857.142
SO 2 Cl 2 . That is why mixture of these gases is not applicable V2 84
for Dalton's law. Hence, P2  857.14 mm
86. (d) According to Boyle's law
98. (b) According to gas law
P1V1  P2 V2  P1  60  720  100
PV
720  100 PV  nRT , n 
P1   1200mm RT
60
P1 V1
1
87. (a) Rate of diffusion  nA RT1 n A P1 V1 T
Molecular Mass  ;   2
nB P V
2 2 nB T1 P2 V2
that is why H 2 gas diffuse first RT2
88. (a) Solution level will rise, due to absorption of CO 2 by sodium n A 2 P  2V T n 2
  ; A 
hydroxide. nB 2T PV n B 1
2 NaOH  CO 2  Na 2 CO 3  H 2 O 99. (e) No. of molecules  2  V.d
89. (c) CaCo 3 ˆ CaO  CO 2 
 2  38.3  76.3
(40 12 16 3 ) 100 gm 22 .4 litre
wt. of NO 2  x
 At S.T.P. 100 g CaCO 3 produce= 22.4 litreof CO 2 So that wt. of N 2O4  100  x
22.4 x 100  x 100 2 x  100  x 100
 At S.T.P. 1 g CaCO 3 produce =  .224 litre of    
100 Hence,
46 92 76.6 92 76.6
CO 2
20.10
Molecularwt . Of Metal 45 x = 20.10, no. of mole. of NO 2   0 .437
90. (c) The density of gas   46
Volume 22 .4 100. (a) Given that
= 2 gmlitre 1 P1  76cm of Hg (Initial pressure at N.T.P.)

91. (a) M1  32 g for O 2 , M 2  2 g for H 2 P2  ? , V1  5litre, V2  30  5  35litres

According to Boyle's law
r1 M2 r1 2 1 1 P1V1  P2 V2 ; 76  5  P2  35
 ;   
r2 M1 r2 32 16 4 76  5
P2   P2  10.8 cm of Hg
92. (c) In 22.4 l of H2 maximum number of molecules 35
101. (c) Given initial volume V1   300cc , initial temperature
 6.023  10 23

T1   27o C  300 K , initial pressure P1   620mm , final

 Gaseous State 253

temperature T2  47 o C  320 K and final pressure 12. (d) All molecules of an ideal gas show random motion. They collide
with each other and walls of container during which they lose
P2   640mm .We know from the general gas equation or gain energy so they may not have same kinetic energy
P1 V1 P2 V2 620  300 640  V2 always.
    V2  310cc 13. (a) For same temperature kinetic energies of H 2 & He molecules
T1 T2 300 320
will be same because kinetic energy depends only on
102. (c) NH 3  HCl  NH 4 Cl temperature.
4 litre 1.5litre 14. (a) For same temp. kinetic energies would be equal for all
HCl is a limiting compound. That's why 1.5litre of HCl molecules, what ever their molecular weights will be, it doesn't
matter.
reacts with 1.5litre of NH 3 and forms NH 4 Cl . Thus (4 -
15. (a,c,d)Kinetic energies per molecule will be same because it is
1.5) 2.5litre NH 3 remains after the reaction. proportional to absolute temperature only.
P1 V1 P2 V2 P1  4 2 P1  V2 dN2 MN2 28
103. (c)  ;    i.e. dN 2  dCO 2
T1 T2 T1 2T1 d CO 2 M CO 2 44
8  2  V2 so V2  4dm 3 Total translational kinetic energy will also be same because at
104. (c) P1  P, V1  V, T1  T same temperature & pressure number of molecules present in
same volume would be same (according to Avogadro's Law)
P
P2 , V2  ? , T2  T 16. (a) On increasing pressure, the volume decreases and density
2 increases. So molecules get closer to each other hence mean
According to gas equation free path also decreases.
P1 V1 P2 V2 PV PV2 17. (b) Most probable velocity increase and fraction of molecule
 or  possessing most probable velocity decrease.
T1 T2 T 2T
 V2  4 V m
18. (d) PV  nRT  RT
M
105. (a) P1  P, V1  V, T1  273  75  348 K
m PM
85    density
P2  2 P, V2  , T2  ? V RT
100
P  V 2 P  85 V 348  2  85 P P
  T2  19. (b) d  the value of is maximum for (b)
398 T2  100 100 T T

 T2  591.6 K  318.6 o C 20. (d) If inversion temperature is 80 o C  193o K then the

temperature, at which it will produce cooling under Joule
106. (a) Boyle's law  PV = constant Thomson’s effect, would be below inversion temperature except
On differentiating the equation,
173o K all other values given as
d(PV)  d(C)  PdV  VdP  0
CP
dP dV 21. (a) Since  1 .4 , the gas should be diatomic.
 VdP  PdV   . CV
P V
1
Kinetic molecular theory of gases If volume is 11.2 lt then, no. of moles =
2
and Molecular collisions
1
 no. of molecules =  Avagadro’s No.
2
3
4. (d) Kinetic energy  RT no. of atoms = 2  no. of molecules
2
3 1
5. (b) K.E = RT it means that K.E depends upon T (absolute 2  Avagadro’s No.
2 2
temperature) only.  6.0223  10 23
3 3
7. (a) KE  RT  PV 22. (d) Density =
M
2 2 V
2 E 2 v.d  2
P 
3 V
for unit volume (V = 1)  P  E
3 d M  V.d  2
V
(c) Tr. K. E. 
3 RT d V
8. it means that the Translational Kinetic V .d 
2 2
energy of Ideal gas depends upon temperature only. 0.00130  22400
V .d   14.56 gm 1
E He THe 2
9. (b)  so energies will be same for
EH2 TH 2 23. (c) Volume of steam = 1lt = 10 3 cm 3
 m  d.V
He & H 2 at same temperature.
mass of 10 3 cm 3 steam = density  Volume
3 3
11. (a) K. E.  .RT  .2 .T  R  2calK1mol 1 =
0 .0006 gm
 10 3 cm 3  0.6 gm
2 2 cm 3
K. E.  3T
 254 Gaseous State
Actual volume occupied by H 2 O molecules is equal to volume 3 KT 1 
1

of water of same mass 12. (c) Vrms  i.e. Vrms   (m ) 2

Molecularweight m
 Actual volume of H 2 O molecules in 6 gm steam
13. (a) When average speed of molecule is increased due to increase in
= mass of steam/density of water
temperature then the change in momentum during collision
= 0.6 gm /1 gm/cm  0.6 cm 33
between wall of container and molecules of gas also increases.
CP 5 U1 m 2 T1
24. (b) r    1 .66 (For Monoatomic as He, Ne , Ar ) 14. (d)  .  T1  T2
CV 3 U2 m1 T2
25. (b) The density of neon will be highest at 0 o C 2 atm according 2
U1 m2
P   m1U1 2  m 2U2 2
to d  U2
2
m1
T
3 T2 1200
29. (d) K.E. per mole  RT 15. (d) U2  U1  U1  U1  2
2 T1 300
so all will have same K.E. at same temperature. r.m.s. velocity will be doubled.
30. (c)  W  P.dV  E
 Energy per unit volume = P UH 2 TH 2 M O2 50 32
16. (c)  .  . 1
d M 3d M M UO 2 MH2 TH 2 2 800
31. (c) d  M  1  1 ;  ; M2  .
d2 M 2 d M2 3
3 RT 3 PV 3P 1
17. (d) U    U 
Molecular speeds M M d d
U1 n1T1 nT 1 1
3 RT 8 RT Vrms 3 19. (b)    
1. (a) Vrms  , Vav  ;  U2 n2 T2 2n  2 T 4 2
M M Vav 8
U2  2U1  2U
66 1 .086
  2 RT
56 1
21. (c)
Vmp
 M  
3. (d) most probable velocity : mean velocity : V rms
Vav 8 RT 2


2 RT
:
8 RT
:
3 RT
 2:
8
: 3
M
M M M  3 RT
22. (a) Vrms   Vrms  T
3 RT 1 M
4. (d) Vrms   Vrms  at same T
M M Given V1  V , T1  300 K , V2  2V , T2  ?
2
because H 2 has least molecular weight so its r.m.s. velocity V1 T1  V  300
 ;     T2  300  4  1200 K
should be maximum. V2 T2  2 V  T2
 n 2a 
(b)  P  2 V  nb   nRT
U SO 2 1 M He TSO 2 4 TSO 2
5. (d)    . 24.
U He 2 M SO 2 THe 64 300  V 
 
 P  (2)  4 .17 5  2  .03711  2  .0821  300
2
4 TSO 2 1
  ; TSO 2  1200o K  2 
64 300 4  (5 ) 
UO 3 M O2 2  .0821  300 4 .7  2 2
6. (c)  
32

2 P   10  0.66  9.33atm
UO 2 M O3 48 3 5  2  .03711 52
26. (a) Average speed : most probable speed
7. (b) Average kinetic energy per molecule
8 RT 2 RT 8
3 3 :  : 2  1.128 : 1.
 KT   1.38  10  23  300 J = 6.17  10 21 J M M 
2 2
3 RT
U SO 2 M O 2 TSO 2 32  TSO 2 27. (d) v rms 
8. (b)   1 M
UO2 M SO 2 TO 2 64  303
3 RT 3 R  300
30 2 R   30  30 R 
32  TSO 2 M M
1  TSO 2  606
64 303 3  300
 M 1 gm  0.001 kg .
9. (d) Among these Cl 2 has the highest molecular weight so it will 30  30
posses lowest root mean square velocity.

T1  5  10 4
2
 Real gases and Vander waal’s equation
10. (b)
U1

T1
   1
U2 T2 T2  10  10 4 
 4 2. (b) Because molecules of real gases have intermolecular forces of
attraction so the effective impact on the wall of container is
 Gaseous State 255

a  0.16 gm of O 2
diminished. Pressure of real gas is reduced by factor hence
v2
behaviour of real gas deviate from ideal behaviour. Critical Thinking Questions
PV 1. (a) Average kinetic energy  (T Kelvin)
3. (c) Z  for ideal gas PV = RT so Z = 1
RT K. E2 T2 40  273 313
PV (Factor)   
12. (b) Z ; for ideal gas PV = RT; so Z = 1 K. E1 T1 20  273 293
RT 2. (c) M. wt. = V.d.  2
13. (b) Ideal gas has no attractive force between the particles
m.wt . 40
14. (d) PV = nRT is a ideal gas equation it is allowed when the = 70  2 = 140  x   5
temperature is high and pressure is low. wt .of [CO ] 12  16 
16. (b) At Boyle temperature real gas is changed into ideal gas 3. (c) Gas deviate from ideal gas behaviour to real gas (according to
17. (a) When pressure is low Vander Waal's at low temperature and high pressure)
 a  4. (c) At same temperature and pressure, equal volumes have equal
 P  2 V  b   RT number of molecules. If 1lit. of oxygen consists N molecules
 V 
then at same temperature and pressure 1 lit of SO 2 will
a ab PV a
or PV  RT  Pb   2 or 1 consists N molecules. So 2 lit. of SO 2 will contain 2 N
V V RT VRT
molecules.
a  PV  5. (a) Vav : Vrms : V = V : U :
Z   Z most probable

VRT  RT 
8 RT 3 RT 2 RT
18. (b) At high temperature and low pressure, Vander Waal’s equation : :
is reduced to ideal gas equation. M M M
PV = nRT
8
PV = RT (For 1 mole of gas)  :V :U  2 : : 3  1 : 1.128 : 1.224
20. (a) Vander waal's constant for volume correction b is the measure 
of the effective volume occupied by the gas molecule. Cp
 2  6. (d) ratio for diatomic gases is 1.40 at lower temperature &
22. (a)  P  n a  (V  nb)  nRT Cv
 V 2 
 1.29 at higher temperature so the answer is 'd'.
 2.253  7. (b) PV  nRT (For ideal gas)
P   (0 .25  0 .0428)  0 .0821  300 PV
 0.25  0.25  Z  1 (For ideal gas)
nRT
or (P  36.048)(0.2072)  24.63
8. (b) If Z  1 then molar volume is less than 22.4 L
 P  36.048  118.87  P  82.82 atm. x x
9. (a) rO 2  mole / sec  rg  mol / sec
18 45
Critical state and Liquefaction of gases 2
 rO  2
  32 x  45   32  45
2

2. (b) A diabatic demagnetisation is a technique of liquefaction of M g  MO 2  2

 rg   18 x  18 2
gases in which temperature is reduced.  
3. (d) An ideal gas can’t be liquefied because molecules of ideal gas 1 1 1
have not force of attraction between them. 10. (a) rSO 2 : rO2 : rCH 4  : :
4. (c) At above critical temperature, substances are existing in M SO 2 O2 CH 4
gaseous state, since gas cannot be liquefied above it.
1 1
5. (d) Absence of inter molecular attraction ideal gas cannot be  
liquefied at any volume of P and T. 64 : 32 : 16 4 : 2 :1
6. (d) For Z gas of given gases, critical temperature is highest 1 1 1 2 2 2
8a 8  12 : : ; : : ; 1: 2 :2
Tc   Tc   1603.98 K 2 2 1 2 2 1
27 Rb 27  .0821  .027 1/2
7. (c) Value of constant a is greater than other for NH 3 that’s why  n c 2  n2 c 22  n3 c32  .... 
11. (a) Root mean square speed   1 1  .
NH 3 can be most easily liquefied.  n1  n2  n3  ...... 
8. (c) The temperature below which the gas can be liquefied by the 40
application of pressure alone is called critical temperature. 12. (b) If 40 ml O 2 will diffuse in t min. then. rO2 
t
M
10. (c) d   M  d V 50 M H2 50 2 50 1
V rH   rO  rH 2   .
M  2.68  22.4 at N.T.P.  V  22.41 20 M O2 20 32 20 4
M  60.03 gm 40 50 40  80
 t   60 min.
m. wt of COS  12  16  32  60 t 80 50
11. (c) 22400 ml is the volume of O 2 at N.T.P =32gm of O 2 TCH 4 M O2
Vav CH 4
32 13. (b)  . 1
1ml is the volume of O 2 at NTP = Vab O2 TO 2 M CH 4
22400
TCH 4 32
32 .  1 ; TCH 4  150 o K
112 ml is the volume of O 2 at NTP =  112 300 16
22400
14. (c) Pressure of O 2 (dry) = 751-21 = 730 mm Hg
 256 Gaseous State
730 V1 V2 V1
  0 .96 atm 8. (b)  (Initial fraction  1 when temperature is
760 T1 T2 V2
PV 1  145 V1 300 3
15. (b) PV  nRT , n    5.8  6 mole . 27 o C . At 127 o C the new fraction is   
RT 0.082  3 V2 400 4
nRT m RT 1 0.82  350
16. (a) V   .    0.495lit. air expelled  1 
3 1

P M P 58 1 4 4
= 495 cm 3

9. (a) In case of H , compressibility factor increases with the pressure.

2

rHe M CH 4 16 At 273 K, Z > 1 which shows that it is difficult to compress the

17. (b)  = 2 gas as compared to ideal gas. In this case repulsive forces
rCH 4 M He 4
dominate.
V1 T1 TV 2V 10. (b) In real gases, the intermolecular forces of attraction and the
18. (b)   T2  1 2  300 o K,  600 o K
V2 T2 V1 V volume occupied by the gas molecules cannot be neglected.
11. (a) When the temperature increase, the average speed of gas
T2  600o K  (600  273)o C  327o C molecules increases and by this increase the pressure of gas is
4 also increases.
19. (a) no. of moles of O2   0 .125 12. (a) It is correct that gases do not settle to the bottom of container
32 and the reason for this is that due to higher kinetic energy of
2 gaseous molecules they diffuse.
no. of moles of H 2  1 13. (c) The assertion, that a mixture of helium and oxygen is used for
2
deep sea divers, is correct. The He is not soluble in blood.
total no. of moles = 1  0.125  1.125 Therefore, this mixture is used.
nRT 1.125  0.082  273 14. (e) Dry air is heavier than wet air because the density of dry air is
P   25.184 atm. more than water.
V 1
15. (d) All molecule of a gas have different speed. Therefore, they move
P1  V P 2 by its own speed.
20. (d)  , 1  2 
P2 2 V2 P1 1 16. (c) Assertion is true but reason is false because of effusion rate
1
2L 2  (Molecular weight) but it does not depend on
 ; V2  1L M
V2 1
molecular size.
V2 T2
21. (c) 
V1 T1

T2 310 o K
 V2  V1   300 cm 3  310 cm 3
T1 300 o K
T2 270 o K
22. (c) V2  .V1   300ml  270ml
T1 300 o K

Assertion & Reason

1. (c) Pressure is inversly proportional to volume (Boyle’s law).
1
p (n, T constant).
V
2. (c) The air pressure decreases with increase in altitude. So the
partial pressure of Oxygen is not sufficient for breathing at
higher altitude and thus pressurization is needed.
3. (a) At a given temperature and pressure the volume of a gas is
directly proportional to the amount of gas Vn (P and T
constant).
4. (d) According to Dalton’s law of partial pressure, the pressure
exerted by a mixture of non – interacting gases is equal to the
sum of their partial pressures (pressure exerted by individual
gases in mixture) PTotal  P1  P2  P3 … (T and V constant).
Both the gases if non-interacting would spread uniformly to
occupy the whole volume of the vessel.
5. (a) Considering the attractive force pressure in ideal gas equation
an2
(PV = nRT) is correct by introducing a factor of where a
V2
is a vander waal’s constant.
3 RT
6. (d) rms  is inversly related to molecular mass.
M
Therefore, rms (CO )  rms (CO 2 ).
 Gaseous State 257

1. Same mass of CH 4 and H 2 is taken in container. The partial 7. Which of the following volume (V) – temperature (T) plots
represents the behaviour of one mole of an ideal gas at one
pressure caused by H 2 is [IIT 1989; CPMT 1996] atmospheric pressure [IIT Screening 2002]
V(L) V(L)
(a) 8 / 9 (b) 1 / 9
(36.8 L (28.6 L
(c) 1 / 2 (d) 1 (22.4 L 373 K) (22.4 L 373 K)
273 K) 273 K)
2. The following graph illustrates [JIPMER 2000]
(a) (b)
T(K) T(K)
V(L) V(L)
V
(30.6 L
(22.4 L 373 K) (22.4 L
273 K) 273 K)
(14.2 L
Temp. (oC) (c) (d) 373 K)
(a) Dalton's law (b) Charle's law
T(K) T(K)
(c) Boyle's law (d) Gay-Lussac's law 8. If the average velocity of N 2 molecule is 0.3 m / s at 27 o C ,
then the velocity will be 0.6 m / s at [Pb. CET 2001]
3. If the pressure and absolute temperature of 2 litres of CO 2 are
doubled, the volume of CO 2 would become (a) 1200 K (b) 600 K
(c) 400 K (d) 1800 K
[CBSE PMT 1991]
9. Equal volumes of two gases which do not react together are
(a) 2 litres (b) 4 litres enclosed in separate vessels. Their pressures at 100 mm and 400
(c) 5 litres (d) 7 litres mm respectively. If the two vessels are joined together, then what
will be the pressure of the resulting mixture (temperature remaining
4. What is kinetic energy of 1 g of O 2 at 47 o C constant) [CBSE PMT 1981]
[Orissa JEE 2004] (a) 125 mm (b) 500 mm
(c) 1000 mm (d) 250 mm
(a) 1.24  10 J 2
(b) 2.24  10 J 2

10. A gas of volume 100 cc is kept in a vessel at pressure 10 4 Pa

(c) 1.24  10 3 J (d) 3.24  10 2 J
maintained at temperature 24 o C . If now the pressure is increased
5. The root mean square speeds at STP for the gases H 2 , N 2 , O2 to 10 5 Pa, keeping the temperature constant, then the volume of
and HBr are in the order the gas becomes [AFMC 1992]
[Pb. CET 1994; CBSE PMT 1991] (a) 10 cc (b) 100 cc
(a) H 2  N 2  O2  HBr (c) 1 cc (d) 1000 cc
11. If a gas is expanded at constant temperature [IIT 1986]
(b) HBr  O2  N 2  H 2 (a) The pressure increases
(b) The kinetic energy of the molecules remains the same
(c) H 2  N 2  O2  HBr
(c) The kinetic energy of the molecules decreases
(d) HBr  O2  H 2  N 2 (d) The number of molecules of the gas increases
6. By what ratio the average velocity of the molecule in gas change 12. The rate of diffusion of SO 2 and O 2 are in the ratio
o
when the temperature is raised from 50 to 200 C [Assam JET 1991; EAMCET 1980]
[DCE 2003] (a) 1: 2 (b) 1 : 32
(a) 1.21 / 1 (b) 1.46 / 1 (c) 1 : 2 (d) 1 : 4
(c) 1.14 / 1 (d) 4 / 1

(SET -6)
 Gaseous State 259

N CH 4 = number of moles of CH 4 
m V1 T1 T 22.4  373
1. (a) 7. (c)   V2  V1 . 2   30.6 L
16 V2 T2 T1 273
m
N H 2 = number of moles of H 2  3 RT
2 8. (a) Vrms  ; Vrms  T
fraction partial pressure of H 2 is M

m m Given, V1  V , T1  300 K
nH2 2 8
H2    2  V2  2V , T2  ?
n H 2  n CH 4 m m 9m 9
 2
2 16 16 V1 T1  V  300
2. (b) According to Charle's Law V  T     
V2 T2  2V  T2
Vt  Vo  Vot
compare it with Y = C + mx T2  300  4  1200 K
PV T P 2T 9. (d) When two vessels are joined together, the volume will be
3. (a) V 2  1 1 . 2   2lt   2lt doubled hence effective pressure will be halved
T1 P2 2 P T
P1  P2 100  400
4. (a) K.E. 
3 3 1
nRT    8.314  320 J . P   250mm
2 2 32 2 2
 1.24  10 2 J 10. (a) P1 V1  P2 V2 at constant T
1
5. (b) Vrms  10 4.100  10 5  V2
m
V2  10 cc
1 1 1 1
U H 2 : U N 2 : U O2 : U HBr  : : : is
2 20 32 81 11. (b) Kinetic energy will also remain constant if Temperature is
constant.
UHB r  UO2  UN 2  UH 2
rSO 2 M O2 32 1
6. (c) T1  150  273  423 K ; T2  50  273  323 K 12. (a)   
rO2 M SO 2 64 2
(Vav )1 T1 423 1 .14
Hence,   
(Vav )2 T2 323 1

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