Important Questions in Digital Electronics and Microprocessors (8086)

Boolean Algebra & Minimization

1. State and prove DeMorgans theorems.

2. What are minterms and maxterms?

3. Simplify the Boolean expression: A'B + AB + A'B'

4. Use Karnaugh map to simplify a 3-variable Boolean function.

5. What is the dual of a Boolean expression?

6. How do you implement XOR using basic gates?

7. Difference between SOP and POS forms?

8. What is the principle of duality in Boolean algebra?

9. What is a dont care condition in K-map?

10. Minimize: F = A'B + AB + AB' using K-map.

Logic Gates

1. Draw the symbol and truth table of NAND and NOR gates.

2. Why are NAND and NOR called universal gates?

3. Design a full adder using logic gates.

4. Implement a 4-input AND gate using 2-input gates.

5. Realize a NOT gate using NAND.

6. Design a 2-bit comparator circuit.

7. What is a buffer gate and its use?

8. Explain XOR and XNOR logic with truth tables.

9. Convert Boolean equation to logic circuit.

10. Which gate produces high output only when all inputs are low?

Number Systems

1. Convert (101101)2 to decimal.

2. Convert (93)10 to binary, octal, and hexadecimal.

3. Perform: (1101)2 + (1011)2.

4. Subtract: (1011)2 - (0110)2 using 2s complement.

5. Convert (3A)16 to binary.

 Important Questions in Digital Electronics and Microprocessors (8086)

6. What is BCD? Convert (45)10 to BCD.

7. What is Gray Code? Convert (1011)2 to Gray code.

8. Convert (1010)2 to Excess-3 code.

9. What is the range of signed 4-bit binary numbers?

10. Perform multiplication: (110)2 (101)2.

Digital IC Families (DTL, TTL, ECL, MOS, CMOS)

1. Compare TTL and CMOS logic families.

2. What are the advantages of CMOS over TTL?

3. What is propagation delay in TTL logic?

4. Explain noise margin in digital ICs.

5. What is fan-out in logic families?

6. Describe ECL logic and its applications.

7. What is the power dissipation in CMOS?

8. What is a tri-state logic?

9. Explain the structure of a CMOS inverter.

10. What is the difference between DTL and TTL?

Combinational Circuits

1. Design a 2:1 multiplexer using logic gates.

2. What is the function of an encoder?

3. Design a 3-bit binary adder.

4. What is a decoder and its application?

5. What is the difference between MUX and DEMUX?

6. Design a 4-bit magnitude comparator.

7. Design a BCD to 7-segment decoder.

8. Explain working of PROM and its usage.

9. What is PLA? How is it different from PAL?

10. Design a half subtractor circuit.

 Important Questions in Digital Electronics and Microprocessors (8086)

Sequential Circuits: Flip-Flops, Counters, Shift Registers

1. What is the difference between latch and flip-flop?

2. Draw and explain SR flip-flop.

3. Convert SR flip-flop to JK flip-flop.

4. What is a race condition in JK flip-flop?

5. Design a 4-bit asynchronous counter.

6. What is preset and clear in flip-flops?

7. Difference between synchronous and asynchronous counters?

8. Draw the state diagram of a 3-bit counter.

9. Design a T flip-flop using D flip-flop.

10. What is the function of a shift register?

11. Design a 4-bit serial-in parallel-out shift register.

12. What is a ring counter?

13. What is Johnson counter?

14. Explain master-slave flip-flop.

15. What is clock skew and its impact?

16. Applications of shift registers?

17. What is setup and hold time?

18. Explain edge triggering and level triggering.

19. Difference between ripple counter and synchronous counter.

20. What is metastability in flip-flops?

Sample & Hold, ADCs, DACs

1. What is the purpose of a sample and hold circuit?

2. Explain the working of a DAC.

3. What is resolution in ADC?

4. Difference between flash ADC and successive approximation ADC.

5. What is quantization error?

6. Define sampling theorem.

7. What is the function of a hold capacitor?

8. Design a 3-bit binary-weighted DAC.

 Important Questions in Digital Electronics and Microprocessors (8086)

9. Explain R-2R ladder DAC.

10. Applications of ADC and DAC in real life.

Semiconductor Memories: ROM, SRAM, DRAM

1. Difference between SRAM and DRAM.

2. What is the structure of a DRAM cell?

3. Explain the working of ROM.

4. What is memory latency?

5. Define access time and cycle time in memories.

6. What is a PROM and how is it programmed?

7. Compare volatile and non-volatile memory.

8. Explain the need for refreshing in DRAM.

9. Applications of SRAM in digital circuits.

10. What is EEPROM?

Microprocessor 8086

1. Draw the architecture of 8086 microprocessor.

2. What are the general-purpose registers in 8086?

3. Difference between 8085 and 8086.

4. What is the role of segment registers in 8086?

5. Explain the memory segmentation in 8086.

6. What is the function of the instruction pointer?

7. List addressing modes of 8086 with examples.

8. Write an 8086 program to add two 8-bit numbers.

9. What is the use of INT instruction in 8086?

10. Explain the interfacing of memory with 8086.