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Sustainable Civil Infrastructures
Manik Barman
Musharraf Zaman
Jia-Ruey Chang Editors
Transportation and
Geotechniques:
Materials, Sustainability
and Climate
Proceedings of the 5th GeoChina International
Conference 2018 – Civil Infrastructures
Confronting Severe Weathers and Climate
Changes: From Failure to Sustainability, held
on July 23 to 25, 2018 in HangZhou, China
Sustainable Civil Infrastructures
Editor-in-chief
Hany Farouk Shehata, Cairo, Egypt
Advisory Board
Khalid M. ElZahaby, Giza, Egypt
Dar Hao Chen, Austin, USA
Jia-Ruey Chang
Editors
Transportation
and Geotechniques:
Materials, Sustainability
and Climate
Proceedings of the 5th GeoChina International
Conference 2018 – Civil Infrastructures
Confronting Severe Weathers and Climate
Changes: From Failure to Sustainability, held
on July 23 to 25, 2018 in HangZhou, China
123
Editors
Manik Barman Jia-Ruey Chang
Department of Civil Engineering Graduate Institute of Architecture
University of Minnesota Duluth National Ilan University
Duluth, MN, USA Yilan, Taiwan
Musharraf Zaman
School of Civil Engineering
University of Oklahoma
Norman, OK, USA
This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer International Publishing AG
part of Springer Nature
The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Contents
v
vi Contents
The technical papers presented in this volume deal with the attempts made by the
scientists, researchers, and practitioners to address different emerging issues in
transportation and geotechnical engineering. A total of 15 technical papers are
included in this volume covering a wide spectrum of transportation and geotechnical
issues, such as (i) unpaved road, (ii) airport pavements, (iii) pavement preservation
techniques, (iv) metro stations, (v) bridge approach, (vi) warm-mix asphalt,
(vii) cement concrete materials, (viii) behaviour of pile foundation, and (ix) seismic
liquefaction. This volume is part of the proceedings of the 5th GeoChina
International Conference on Civil Infrastructures Confronting Severe Weathers and
Climate Changes: From Failure to Sustainability, HangZhou, China 2018.
vii
Evaluation of Polymer Based Dust Suppressant
Mixed with Clayey Soil in Unpaved Road: Lab
Experiment
1 Introduction
Today there are more than 400 million miles of roads in the United States; approxi-
mately 50% of them are gravel roads (unpaved) (Wang and Wang 2014). These roads
are often subject to dusting due to traffic loading and the effects of natural environ-
mental factors (i.e., wind, storm, etc.). Fugitive dust will reduce air quality and road
visibility. There are a number of direct methods to be used for dust control and
mitigation, such as construction and maintenance, mechanical stabilization and
chemical palliatives (Bai et al. 2005). The “dust” can be defined simply as particles of
soil that have become airborne. In general, dust is mainly due to particles in the soil less
than 0.075 mm in diameter, that is, through the #200 sieve particles can produce dust
effects (Cooper and Alley 2011). To date, the most effective and most convenient way
is to use chemical reagents to control dust. Nowadays in the United States, many local
governments apply various dust suppressants on their roadway, mainly calcium chlo-
ride and magnesium chloride. This paper used polymer suppressant product as a dust
control method obtained from a local company in Phoenix, Arizona, USA. The soil
sample was collected from Sedona located in northern Arizona of the U.S.
Four tests were used to evaluate the mechanical responses of polymer-based sup-
pressant in mitigating fugitive dusts: Moisture Retention Test, Surface Strength Tests,
Dynamic Rolling Tests and Scanning Electron Microscopy Analysis.
2 Sample Preparation
The typical application rate of dust suppressant in practice varies from 0.5 to 4.5
L/m2 depending on the dust suppressant and the conditions of the site (Bolander and
Yamada 1999). In the mixing process, 50 mL of water, 5%, 10%, and 15% of polymer
solutions were slowly sprayed over the surface of the four soil samples with an
application rate of 1.59 L/m2 until the four specimens were fully mixed with the
polymer suppressant. It is noticed that of the four different polymer suppressant
solutions, specimens mixed with water (0%, control group), 5%, and 10% polymer
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