Conic Sections

CIRCLE
Prepared by: Mr. Justine F. Buenafrancisca, LPT
 Leaning Objectives

At the end of the lesson the students

must be able to:
Determine the center and radius of a
circle given its standard form.
Investigate the standard and general
form of equation of the circle.
Illustrate the center-radius and general
form of the equation of a circle.
01 Circle
(Standard Form)
From the figure, it shows the graph of the
circle O that passes through point A(8,0) and
centered at the origin.

1. How far is point A from the

center of the circle?
𝒅= 𝒙𝟐 − 𝒙𝟏 𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 − 𝒚𝟏 𝟐

2. Does the circle pass through (0,

8), (-8, 0), and (0, -8)? Why?
Yes, because they have all the same
distances
3. What is the relation of the
DISTANCE of point A from the
center of the circle?
Radius
CIRCLE
Center-Radius Form: (𝒙 − 𝒉)𝟐 +(𝒚 − 𝒌)𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐
❑ (h, k) is the point of the center of the circle wherein h is
the x-coordinate of the center point and k is the y-
coordinate of the center point.
❑ r represents as the radius of the circle.
❑ If the center of the circle is on the origin with
coordinates of (0, 0), the equation of the circle simply
represent as:
𝑥2 + 𝑦2 = 𝑟2
Example 1: STANDARD FORM
Express the equation of the circle with
center at (2,7) and a radius of 6 units.

Solution: ℎ = 2; 𝑘 = 7; 𝑟 = 6
𝑥 − ℎ 2 + 𝑦 − 𝑘 2 = 𝑟2
𝑥 − 2 2 + 𝑦 − 7 2 = 62
𝒙 − 𝟐 𝟐 + 𝒚 − 𝟕 𝟐 = 𝟑𝟔
Example 2: STANDARD FORM
Express the equation of the circle with
center is at the origin and a radius of 4 units.

Solution: ℎ = 0; 𝑘 = 0; 𝑟 =4
𝑥 − ℎ 2 + 𝑦 − 𝑘 2 = 𝑟2
𝑥 − 0 2 + 𝑦 − 0 2 = 42
𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟏𝟔
Example 3: STANDARD FORM
Express the equation of the circle with
center is at points (0, -6) and radius of 5.
Solution: ℎ = 0; 𝑘 = −6; 𝑟 = 5
𝑥 − ℎ 2 + 𝑦 − 𝑘 2 = 𝑟2
2 2
𝑥 − 0 + 𝑦 − −6 = 52
𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚 + 𝟔 𝟐 = 𝟐𝟓
Example 4: STANDARD FORM
Express the equation of the circle with center
is at point (8, -4/5) and a radius of 13 units.
4
Solution: ℎ = 8; 𝑘 = − ; 𝑟 = 13
5
𝑥 − ℎ 2 + 𝑦 − 𝑘 2 = 𝑟2
2
2 4
𝑥−8 + 𝑦− − = 132
5
2 4 2
𝑥−8 + 𝑦+ = 132
5
𝟐 𝟒 𝟐
𝒙−𝟖 + 𝒚+ = 𝟏𝟔𝟗
𝟓
 Example 5: STANDARD FORM
What is the equation of the circle with the
diameter whose endpoints are (4, 6) and (-8, 12)
Solution:
❑ Finding the center (Midpoint Formula)
𝑥1 +𝑥2 𝑦1 +𝑦2
𝑥, 𝑦 = ,
2 2
4+ −8 6+12
= , = −𝟐, 𝟗
2 2
❑ Finding the radius (Distance Formula)
𝑑 = 𝑥2 − 𝑥1 2 + 𝑦2 − 𝑦1 2
𝑑 = −8 − (−2) 2 + 12 − 9 2 = 𝟑 𝟓
 Example 5: STANDARD FORM
What is the equation of the circle with the
diameter whose endpoints are (4, 6) and (-8, 12)
Solution: continuation…
❑ Formulate the equation.

𝐶 −2,9 ; 𝑟 = 3 5
𝑥 − ℎ 2 + 𝑦 − 𝑘 2 = 𝑟2
2 2
𝑥 − −2 + 𝑦−9 2 = 3 5
𝟐 𝟐
𝒙+𝟐 + 𝒚−𝟗 = 𝟒𝟓
02 Circle
(General Form)
CIRCLE
General form: 𝑨𝒙𝟐 + 𝑪𝒚𝟐 + 𝑫𝒙 + 𝑬𝒚 + 𝑭 = 𝟎
❑ The general form of equation of the circle is

given by 𝐴𝑥 2 + 𝐶𝑦 2 + 𝐷𝑥 + 𝐸𝑦 + 𝐹 = 0 where A =
C always. General equation of the circle is also
always written the right-hand side of the
equation is 0 and A, C, D, E, and F are all
integers.
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝑫𝟐 +𝑬𝟐 𝑭 𝑫 𝑬
𝒓 = −𝑭 + 𝒉 + 𝒌 = − ;𝒉 = − ; 𝒌= −
𝟒𝑨𝟐 𝑨 𝟐𝑨 𝟐𝑨
 TRANSFORMING
STANDARD FORM
TO GENERAL FORM
𝒙 − 𝒉 𝟐 + 𝒚 − 𝒌 𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐
𝑨𝒙𝟐 + 𝑪𝒚𝟐 + 𝑫𝒙 + 𝑬𝒚 + 𝑭 = 𝟎
 Example 1: S.F. to GEN. FORM
Express the equation of the circle with center at (2,7)
and a radius of 6 units.
Solution: ℎ = 2; 𝑘 = 7; 𝑟 = 6
𝑥 − ℎ 2 + 𝑦 − 𝑘 2 = 𝑟2
𝑥 − 2 2 + 𝑦 − 7 2 = 62
𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4 + 𝑦 2 − 14𝑦 + 49 = 36
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 4𝑥 − 14𝑦 + 4 + 49 = 36
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 4𝑥 − 14𝑦 + 4 + 49 − 36 = 0
𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 − 𝟒𝒙 − 𝟏𝟒𝒚 + 𝟏𝟕 = 𝟎
 Example 2: S.F. to GEN. FORM
Express the equation of the circle with center is at
the origin and a radius of 4 units.

Solution: ℎ = 0; 𝑘 = 0; 𝑟 =4
𝑥 − ℎ 2 + 𝑦 − 𝑘 2 = 𝑟2
𝑥 − 0 2 + 𝑦 − 0 2 = 42
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 16
𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 − 𝟏𝟔 = 𝟎
 Example 3: S.F. to GEN. FORM
Express the equation of the circle with center is at point (8, -4/5)
and a radius of 13 units.
4
Solution: ℎ = 8; 𝑘 = − ; 𝑟 = 13
5
2
2 2 4
𝑥−ℎ + 𝑦−𝑘 = 𝑟2 → 𝑥−8 2 + 𝑦− − = 132
5
2
2
4 8 16
𝑥−8 + 𝑦+ = 132 → 𝑥2 − 16𝑥 + 64 + 𝑦2 + 𝑦+ = 169
5 5 25
8 16
𝑥2 + 𝑦2
− 16𝑥 + 𝑦 + 64 + − 169 = 0
5 25
2 2
8 2609
𝑥 + 𝑦 − 16𝑥 + 𝑦 − =0
5 25
𝟐𝟓𝒙𝟐 + 𝟐𝟓𝒚𝟐 − 𝟒𝟎𝟎𝒙 + 𝟒𝟎𝒚 − 𝟐𝟔𝟎𝟗 = 𝟎
 TRANSFORMING
GENERAL FORM
TO STANDARD FORM
𝑨𝒙𝟐 + 𝑪𝒚𝟐 + 𝑫𝒙 + 𝑬𝒚 + 𝑭 = 𝟎
𝒙 − 𝒉 𝟐 + 𝒚 − 𝒌 𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐
 Transform 𝑦 2 + 4𝑥 − 20 − 2𝑦 = −𝑥 2 into its
standard form

❑ First, arrange the equation in a full general form.

𝑦 2 + 4𝑥 − 20 − 2𝑦 = −𝑥 2
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 4𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 20 = 0
❑ Use the division of -2 to find the (h,k).
4 2
ℎ, 𝑘 = ,− = −𝟐, 𝟏
−2 −2
Find the radius; 𝑟 2 = −𝐹 + ℎ2 + 𝑘 2 = − −20 + −2 2
+ 12 = 𝟐𝟓
Use the standard form: 𝑥 − ℎ 2 + 𝑦 − 𝑘 2 = 𝑟 2
2
𝑥 − −2 + 𝑦 − 1 2 = 25
𝒙 + 𝟐 𝟐 + 𝒚 − 𝟏 𝟐 = 𝟐𝟓
 Find the standard equation of the given;
16𝑥 2 + 16𝑦 2 + 96𝑥 − 40𝑦 – 315 = 0
❑ First, divide all the terms into the coefficient of A or C, so
16𝑥 2 16𝑦 2 96𝑥 40𝑦 315 0 5 315
+ + − − = → 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 6𝑥 − 𝑦 − =0
16 16 16 16 16 16 2 16
❑ Now, use the Division of -2 to find (h,k)
5
6 𝟓
❑ ℎ, 𝑘 = ,− 2 = −𝟑,
−2 −2 𝟒
2 2 2 315 2 5 2 𝟏𝟐𝟏
❑ Radius; 𝑟 = −𝐹 + ℎ + 𝑘 = − + −3 + − =
16 4 𝟒
❑ Use the standard form 𝑥 − ℎ 2 + 𝑦 − 𝑘 2 = 𝑟 2
2 5 2 121 𝟐 𝟓 𝟐 𝟏𝟐𝟏
𝑥 − −3 + 𝑦− = → 𝒙+𝟑 + 𝒚− =
4 4 𝟒 𝟒
Try it Yourself!
 Solve for the following.
Illustrate the standard and general form of
equation of the circle given the following.
1. Centered at (-2,4), radius is 5 units.
2. Endpoints of diameter is at points
−4, 1 & 8, −17 .
Determine the center, radius and the
general form of the following equation of the
circle.
1. (𝑥 − 6)2 +(𝑦 − 9)2 = 121
2.(𝑥 + 4)2 +(𝑦 + 4)2 = 144
APPLICATION
Mount Mayon, an active volcano
has a 10 km danger zone
located at (1,-2), Freya a simple
resident resides at a coordinate
of
A(-4,-9).
1. Is Freya still covered by the 10 km
danger zone?
2. If she is still covered by the 10
km danger zone, at what
coordinate she need to go for
evacuation, is it (7,-10) or (-2,-12)?
3. What is the equation of the
circle?
 APPLICATION
A bank of lights is arranged over a stage. Each light
illuminates a circular area on the stage. A coordinate
plane is used to arrange the lights, using the corner of
stage as the origin. The equation 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 26𝑥 − 8𝑦 +
169 = 0 represents one of the disks of light.
❑ Three actors are located

as follows:
(B) Henry is at (11, 4)
(C) Jolene is at (8, 5)
(D) Martin is at (15, 5)
❑ Which actors are in the

disk of light?
 Thanks!
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