AFFECTIVE PSYCHOLOGY

1. AFFECTIVE PSYCHOLOGY • In Psychology, affectivity is the ability to react that

presents a subject before the stimuli that come from the internal or external environment and whose
The main manifestations will be feelings and emotions. • In a less formal language
formal and more colloquial, when talking about affection, we all know that it is being done
reference to those expressions of love that a human being gives to the people they care about and
because also to other species that are also part of their beloved environment

2. • Affective Psychology is the new Psychology. I present two lines of reasoning to support this.
estatesis: 1) Its epistemological validity; and 2) Its relevance and pertinence. • The first line
argumentatively indicates that Affective Psychology is epistemologically valid, given that
draws on theoretical frameworks such as positive mental health, theory of mind, and the theory of
human afectivity. • The second line of reasoning argues that Affective Psychology is relevant
and pertinent, to the extent that it has an impact on the individual, the group, and society.

3. AFFECTIVITY IS THE ENGINE OF HUMAN EXISTENCE • Affectivity is the engine of the

human existence. Estatesis will be based on two arguments. The first lies in
support that underlies the evolutionary foundations of affection and the second is based on what
it has been the conceptual development of affection, that is, it delves into its epistemological roots.
It can also be argued, based on the multiple scenarios of everyday life.
related to the sources of happiness of human beings, namely, family, partner, friends, work and
oneself; in which affection acts as the central axis

4. THEORIES ABOUT AFFECTIVITY • Atomist theory. -Aristotle already noted that in passion there is a
positive or negative evaluation of the object and that this is not purely intellectual, since also in
Animals are given; however, it did not address the origin of that judgment. • Theories
psychological. - Psychoanalysis, in this study, introduces ideas into the study of emotion
physiological and psychological aspects of modernity. Freud's hypothesis connects physiological analysis
Cartesian - emotion is the perception of physiological changes and bodily movements -
with Hume's thesis on the decisive role that pleasure plays in the formation of
psychism, but he does it in a completely new way. Freud accepts - following Hume -
that emotion is not a mental event or first impression, but a secondary impression or
reflected impression.

5. • The conductism. - The psychological theory of emotion was developed by the behaviorists.
The precursor is W. James (1890), who critiques the psychic entities of Cartesian emotions.
In their opinion, emotions are purely the result of some physiological changes; that's why,
You argue that we cry because we are sad, and not the other way around, that is to say, we do not cry because we are.
sad. • Cognitive theories. - The cognitive theory of emotion had many followers in the
last century, above all, in English philosophy and psychology. While this cognitivism shows in
common with the classic the importance given to the role of assessment, it differs from it by being
influenced by some modern theories of psychology, especially psychoanalysis and behaviorism.

6. • Phenomenological theories. -Another way to explain emotion comes from the theory
phenomenological. Before starting to talk about this important current, it is necessary
establish what we understand here as phenomenological theory. With this term, we do not refer to
only to the last studies of the phenomenology of Husserl and his followers, but also to all those
theories that consider affectivity as a phenomenon of consciousness. In itself, affectivity is the
much older than all mental functions, by far! Much earlier than language operations-
thought, and not to mention the first human knowledge of formation.

7. BEHAVIORAL PSYCHOLOGY • Behaviorism, according to its founder John Watson, is a school

natural that all the field of human adaptations is attributed. For B. F. Skinner, it is about
a philosopher of behavioral science, who defines several essential aspects of its object of study
study.

8. OBJECTIVES • Prevention. - They are detected, analyzed, and managed through strategies.
behavioral and some related techniques - some of the factors that contribute to the emergence of
psychological disorders of individuals. • Evaluation - Diagnosis. - Enable the student in
the use of different instruments, derived from behavioral strategies and others
Objective techniques that provide a suitable comprehensive evaluation.

9. • Treatment. -Development of theoretical-practical skills in the student in relation to the

behavioral strategies and other techniques with compatible approaches that facilitate the approach to
various problems at the individual and group level, in children, adolescents, adults, and the elderly.
We propose that the student becomes familiar with the different behavioral paradigms, along with the concepts.
basic derivatives of each of them and the techniques that each of the currents contributes, being
of fundamental importance, to carry out demonstrations of the use of each technique, as well as the
problems in which it is used. • Research. -The student will be able to carry out
investigations with descriptive, explanatory, predictive, and transformative purposes of phenomena
psychological.
10. COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY • Cognitive psychology is the branch of psychology that deals with the study of
cognition; that is, the mental processes involved in knowledge. It aims at
I study the basic and profound mechanisms by which knowledge is generated, from the
perception, memory and learning, up to the formation of concepts and logical reasoning.
By cognitive we mean the act of knowledge, in its actions of storing, retrieving,
recognize, understand, organize, and use the information received through the senses

11. OBJECTIVES

12. OTHER OBJECTIVES • Discover the laws of knowledge; therefore, study the
behavior of cognitive processes (of knowledge and information management)
To know how man appropriates reality, individualizes it, transforms it, stores it and
behaves in relation to that knowledge, that is, makes decisions, acts transforming its
reality

13. HISTORY Beginnings • Cognitive Psychology is an extension of efforts and contributions

previous. • When Cognitive Psychology was formed, it had developed a whole categorical system.
• Su fundamentación era empírica y noteórica ni experimental. • Buscaba darles soluciones
new to old problems. • Through it, an understanding of the phenomena is achieved
mental. • It does not have a unitary proposal but rather a great variety of approaches that have
in common, barely the emphasis on mental functions as causal of behavior.
Assume as a fundamental line the approach 'of information processing' starting from the
theoretical models extrapolated from fields outside of psychology.

14. Actual • Cognitive psychology uses a new language {information processing}

that has provided new perspectives and solutions to old problems. • Currently, the
The current study of the mind has an empirical foundation, absent in classical philosophy.
Cognitive Psychology has appropriated techniques, hypotheses, models, and paradigms.
The results achieved by Cognitive Psychology are extraordinary; never before had such resources been available.
such a quantity of relevant data about mental processes nor has there been so much progress in its
theoretical understanding

15. THEORIES OF MOTIVATION Some of the most prominent theories or models that have
attempted to explain human motivation are: 1. Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory.
Theory of Herzberg's dual factor.
Theory Y by McGregor. 5. Expectancy Theory. 6. Alderfer's ERC Theory. 7. Theory of
Goal Setting Theory by Edwin Locke. 8. Equity Theory by Stancey Adams.

16. • 1. Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory is perhaps the most classic and well-known theory.
commonly. This author identified five different levels of needs, arranged in a
pyramid structure, where basic needs are at the bottom, and the upper or
rational above. (Physiological, safety, social, esteem, self-actualization). For Maslow, these
categories of relationships are arranged hierarchically, in such a way that one of the needs
it only becomes active after the lower level is satisfied. Only when the person achieves
Satisfying the lower needs, the higher needs gradually enter, and with this
the motivation to be able to satisfy them.

17. MASLOW'S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS Self-actualization Self-expression, independence

competition
compliance
Safety Safety, stability, avoiding physical harm, avoiding risks. Physiological Food,
dressing, comfort, conservation instinct.

18. 2. Herzberg's dual factor theory • His research focuses on the workplace.
Through surveys, I observe that when the respondents feel good in their work,
they tended to attribute this situation to themselves, mentioning intrinsic factors such as: the
achievements, the recognition, on the contrary, if they felt bad it was due to the conditions and politics of
their work, therefore after the surveys they find the. - Hygienic Factors: They are
external factors to the task. Its satisfaction eliminates dissatisfaction, but does not guarantee a
motivation. - Motivating factors: They refer to the work itself. They are those whose presence
or absence determines whether individuals feel motivated or not

19. Hygienic Factors Motivational Factors - Economic Factors: Wages, salaries

benefits. - Physical conditions of the work: Adequate lighting and temperature, environment
Physical safety. - Security: Seniority privileges, procedures regarding complaints, rules of
Fair work, policies and procedures of the organization. - Social Factors: Opportunities
to relate to other colleagues. - Status: Job titles, private offices,
privileges. - Technical control. - Stimulating tasks: Possibility of expressing oneself
personality and fully developing oneself. - Feeling of self-actualization: Certainty of
contribute to the achievement of something valuable. - Recognition of a job well done: The
confirmation that an important job has been completed. - Achievement or compliance: The
opportunity to do interesting things. - Greater responsibility: The achievement of new tasks and
tasks that expand the role and provide greater control over it

20. • The concept of job enrichment derives from Herzberg's theory.

work) that involves designing work in a more ambitious way so that it allows for satisfaction
higher value motives. To achieve this, the following principles must be applied (Engel and
Redmann, 1987): - Suprimir controles. - Aumentar la responsabilidad sobre lastareas a desarrollar.
- Delegar áreas detrabajo completas. - Conceder mayor autoridad y mayor libertad. - Informar
about the advances and setbacks. - Assigning new and more difficult tasks. - Facilitating tasks that
allow to improve

21. 3. McClelland's Theory • focuses its theory mainly on three types of motivation: Achievement,
power and affiliation: - Achievement: It is the drive to stand out, to achieve success. It leads individuals to
Set high goals for themselves to achieve. - Power: The need to influence and control
other people and groups, and gain recognition from them. People motivated by
This movement likes to be regarded as important, and they wish to progressively acquire
prestige and status. - Affiliation: I wish to stop friendly and close interpersonal relationships,
to be part of a group, etc., they like to be usually popular, they enjoy working in
group and help other people

22. 4. McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y • It is a theory that has a wide dissemination in the
company. Theory X assumes that human beings are lazy and must be motivated to
through the caste and that avoid responsibilities. The theory assumes that effort is something
natural at work and that commitment to objectives implies a reward and that the
human beings tend to seek responsibilities. Later on, theory Z was proposed which makes
incidence on participation in the organization

23. EXAMPLE Hypothesis X Hypothesis Y - People do not want to work. - People do not want
responsibility, prefers to be guided. - People have little creativity. - Motivation works.
only at physiological and safety levels. - People must be - Under correct conditions the
work arises naturally. - People prefer autonomy. - We are all creative in potential.
Motivation occurs at all levels - Motivated people can

24. 5. Expectancy Theory. • The most prominent author of this theory is Vroom (Vroom, 1964)
[17], but it has been completed by Porter-Lawler (Porter and Lawler, 1968)[18]. This theory holds
that individuals, as thinking beings, have beliefs and harbor hopes and expectations
regarding the future events of their lives

25. CONCEPTOS DE LA TEORÍA DE LAS EXPECTATIVAS Incentvo Definición Consecuencias Las

Standards Standards that regulate the conduct of members of the organization Contribute to that
strictly comply with the task. General Inventories Salaries and Wages are an incentive for the
incorporation and permanence Individual and group incentives Promote effort above
minimum. Leadership "Introduction to the structure" (to guide, define, and organize the work).
Consideration (Appreciating work, personal relationships. It can influence permanence in the
organization Group acceptance should take into account: Cohesion. Agreement with the
group rules. Group assessment influences strict compliance, in the effort for
above the minimum Implication in the task and identification with the objectives Implication:
Identification with work. Identification: Degree to which the person has internalized the objectives.
of the organization. It influences persistence, effort p

26. 6. Alderfer's ERG Theory. • It is closely related to Maslow's theory, proposing the
existence of three basic motivations: - Motivations of Existence: They correspond to the
physiological and safety needs. - Relationship Motivation: Social interactions with others,
emotional support, recognition, and sense of belonging to the group. - Growth Motivation:
They focus on personal development and growth

27. 7. Locke's Goal Setting Theory • A goal is what a person strives for
achieve. Locke states that the intention to reach a goal is a basic source of motivation.
They focus attention and action by being more attentive to the task. - They mobilize energy and effort.
- Aumentan la persistencia. - Ayuda a la elaboración de estrategias. Para que las fijaciones de
Goals that are truly useful must be: specific, difficult and challenging, but achievable.

28. 8. Equity Theory by Stancey Adams. • It states that individuals compare their
rewards and the product of their work with others, and assess whether they are fair, reacting with
the end of eliminating any injustice. When there is a state of inequity that we consider
unfair, we seek equity. If we are receiving the same as others, we feel
satisfied and motivated to move forward, otherwise we become demotivated, or at times
we are increasing the effort to achieve the same as others.

29. FACTORS THAT FAVOR OR HINDER MOTIVATION Factors that favor the
motivation Factors that hinder motivation - Clear understanding and knowledge of the work
develop. - Provide rewards and praise. - Facilitate tasks that increase the challenge.
responsibility and freedom. - Encourage and promote creativity. - Involve volunteers in
the solution to problems. - Help develop personal skills. - Indicate how the
The work of the volunteers contributes to the achievement of the organization's objectives. - Mediate in the
conflicts that hinder the development of work. - Having the right resources to develop
last areas effectively. - Strong criticism towards the work. - Poor definition of the work to be developed.
and its objectives. - Supervision of the tasks is inadequate. - Not providing a sincere response to the
raised issues. - To make unilateral decisions. - Not willing to accept new ones
ideas. - Ocultar la verdad. - No dar elogios por eltrabajo bien realizado. - Asignartrabajos
bored and tedious. - Explicit lack of recognition. - Absence of communication between the
different levels. - Feeling of not being part of the team.

What is affective life?

The term "Affectivity" finds its origin in Greek Philosophy with Aristotle,
who refers to passions as movement of the sensitive appetite, including
to emotions, motivations, and other affective manifestations.
What does it mean to have affection for someone?
What is Affection: When we talk about the word affection, we are referring to
reference to a feeling in which a person feels sympathy for another
others, because he is inclined to that person, thing or, because he feels affection towards
any of them or all of them.

What is affectivity and an example?

Mood disorders are called distemias. The term emotion comes from
from the Latin 'emovere', which means to stir. Emotions are affective states that
they are characterized by being brief and intense. They produce a certain psychological agitation and,
in some cases, temporary maladjustment of behavior.

What is affective?

Definition of Affective. The term affective refers to anything that is

proper or related to the feeling of affection. Therefore, to better understand the
we will delve into what affection is.
Definition of Affective » Concept in ABC Definition
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What does it mean to have affection for someone?
What is Affection: When we talk about the word affection, we are referring to
reference to a feeling in which a person feels sympathy for another or
others, because he is inclined towards that person, thing, or because he feels affection for
any of them or all of them.