ADOLESCENTS

When children went through childhood, they were soon considered

adults. It was thought to be a very abrupt "break" and they still did not know
how to deal with adulthood, so the period called adolescence was created.
Adolescence is different from puberty. Puberty refers to the biological changes.
that mark the beginning of adolescence, which is a social phenomenon/passage.
As adolescence is social, it is different for each person, each country, each neighborhood.
community, city, state… (There are physical, social, and psychological differences).
Not all young people go through this phase in the same way and at the same time.
time. It is also a time of transition.
There is no consensus on the starting and ending ages of adolescence. The
Brazil follows the ECA: from 12 years to 17 years, 11 months and 29 days.
It is aperiod of crisis, as we have biological maturation (puberty), changes
social and psychological processes. Preparatory phase for adulthood, moment
of transition and sexual maturity (reproduction), productive (working),
cognitive (thinking abstractly) and political (deciding and acting on one's own).
Highlighting adolescence and its crises produced two results
important: The need to let the young be young and the negative image
associated with him (emotionally unstable, rebellious and revolted), besides the
discrimination of young people (prejudices).
Adolescence constructs and reconstructs; Seeks identity, acceptance... Difficult
balance, fear of the future, and feeling powerful and powerless at the same time.
Adolescence is like a moment of testing limits and regressing to stages.
that were not well fulfilled in childhood (psychoanalysis).
A large part of the difficulties stems from theinsecurity.
This so-called 'generation shock', mutual misunderstanding between young people and adults.
Oh old ones, it comes from a long time ago, replaced by a silence between generations.
-What interferes with development? Where one lives; Opportunity for participation and
relationships established in the community, family, school; Being poor, rich, white,
black; Live in certain regions; Have a disability; Be a boy or a girl.
-Diferenças importantes:Pobreza; Baixa escolaridade; Exploração do trabalho;
Deprivation of family and community coexistence; Violence that ends in death;
Pregnancy; Sexual exploitation and abuse; STIs/AIDS; Drug abuse.
- We create groups where they can find and exchange what adults have rejected.
You asked for it to be left for later.
 ADULT

Standard adult: Stability

(it transits between pattern and chaosAdult problem: Chaos, difficulties.

THE ADULT AND THE CULT OF ADOLESCENCE: Difficulty in taking on life

adult and long-term commitments, Cult of the ideal and preserved body.

ADULT DEVELOPMENT PSYCHOLOGY: Physical development:

Beginning of adulthood: from 18 to 40 years = Period marked byinfluences
genetic and behavioral.
Nutrition
Intermediate Adulthood: From 40 to 65 years; Personal experience
Significant changes in appearance/body; Vision, hearing, smell, and taste:
decaem; Perda da força muscular; Nutrição; Consumo de álcool e droga; Estresse.
-Tasks that involve choosing answers, complex motor skills:
Decline; Experience-based knowledge can compensate.

SEXUALIDADE: Mulheres:TPM; Disfunções no ciclo menstrual; Maternidade; ISTs

(Infertilidade ?).Homens:Preocupação com frequência sexual; Paternidade; ISTs.
Intermediate Adult Life (Women): Hormonal Change: Estrogen and
Progesterone decreases; Symptoms: Hot flashes, vaginal dryness, and dysfunction.
urinary; Reproductive capacity: End.
Intermediate Adulthood (Men): Hormonal change: Testosterone decreases;
Indeterminate
decrease in fertility.

- INDIRECT INFLUENCES ON PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT: Race/Ethnicity

-Behavioral influences/Relationships: How an adult cares for and invests
in your health; Integration and social support.
Socioeconomic level: It is not determinative, but the better the condition,
better access to health equipment.
Gender: Who takes better care of themselves? What is involved?

COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT IN EARLY ADULTHOOD: Sternberg

Triarchic Theory of Intelligence: Creative + Practical + Analytical: Not formally
taught or expressed openly.
-Peter Salovey and John Mayer - Emotional Intelligence: Managing Emotions
(ours and others) to achieve goals.
Kohlberg - Moral Reasoning: Experiences that drive moral reasoning
in young adults; Possible influences: Culture and Gender.

COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT IN MIDDLE AGE: The relevance of support

social/emotional for the maintenance of cognitive skills.
Horn and Cattell - Fluid and crystallized intelligence
1) Fluid intelligence: Solve new problems (declines) (Logic problems).
2) Crystallized intelligence: Remembering and using information acquired over time.
life (maintains or improves) (2 + 2).
Physical activity seems to improve cognitive functioning - fluid intelligence.
Work can influence cognitive functioning; "use it or lose it."

DEVELOPMENT OF IDENTITY IN EARLY ADULTHOOD:

Recentralization: Process of change towards an adult identity;Power
responsibility and decision-making pass to the independent young adult.

NORMATIVE STAGE MODEL (Erikson): Intimacy vs Isolation

The interest, besides being professional, revolves around construction.
of deep and lasting relationships, allowing for moments of great
intimacy and emotional surrender.
If they cannot take on deep personal commitments with each other,
run the risk of becoming excessively isolated. However, they
they need some isolation to reflect on their lives.

MODEL OF THE EVENT MOMENT: Social clock: Norms/expectations

from society to the appropriate timing of life events. (may appear on the test)
When are you getting married? You're already past the age of having children.
When you don't follow this clock, you often get stressed out, since you have
why keep justifying. Ex: I don't get married because I don't want to;
There will always be a pressure on you, especially on women, much more.
to marry and have children than to study.

THE BASES OF INTIMATE RELATIONSHIPS: Erikson: Development

of intimate relationships is thecrucial taskin the young adult period.
Strong motivator of behavior: Need to establish
strong, stable, close, and affectionate relationships.
Intimate relationships require self-awareness, empathy, ability to
communicate emotions, resolve conflicts, and maintain commitments.

PARENTALITY AS AN EXPERIENCE OF DEVELOPMENT: First

child: an important transition in the life of parents.
Mix of feelings: Emotion, admiration, amazement, anxiety (in relation to
responsibility for caring for a child, commitment of time and energy.
Pregnancy and postpartum recovery: They can affect a couple's relationship.
increasing intimacy or creating barriers.
New parents: They probably experience stressors that can affect their
health and your mental state.
- MIDDLE AGE - NORMATIVE STAGE MODEL: Generativity X
Stagnation (midlife): Generativity: Concern of mature adults in
establish and guide the next generation, perpetuating itself through influence
about those who succeed him.
Passing on your values, teachings, stories... to children, grandchildren, nephews,
students, young people... Leaving your legacy, something that people carry (remember) about you.
People who do not find a way out for generativity become
self-centered or stagnant (inactive or lifeless).

MODEL OF THE MOMENT OF EVENTS: The development of personality

Adulthood depends less on age than on important life events.
Middle age: Restructuring of social roles (separating from children, becoming a grandfather)
your grandmother, changing jobs or careers and, eventually, retiring.

CRISIS IN MIDDLE AGE: Stressful period of life triggered by reflection

the re-evaluation of the past; Initiated by the awareness of mortality.
Middle age is just one of the decisive moments of life (transitions
psychological changes or significant transformations in the
perception of the meaning, purpose or direction of one's own life.

PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING IN MIDDLE AGE: Emotionality: They learn to accept

the facts with more discernment and fewer negative emotions.
-Satisfaction with life: Increases - Physical health, ability to enjoy life,
positive feelings, religiosity, social support, quality of work and leisure.
-Social well-being: Quality of established relationships (friendships, family
loving). Generativity: Feeling of having been able to contribute.

RELATIONSHIPS WITH ELDERLY PARENTS: Filial crisis: Adults learn to

balancing love and duty towards your parents in a two-way relationship.
Maturity of offspring: When middle-aged children "learn to accept and to attend to the
dependency needs of their parents.
Tensions caused by caregiving: physical, emotional, and financial burden.