ДЕМОВЕРСИЯ ЗАДАНИЙ ВТОРОГО ЭТАПА
Chemistry and Materials Sciences: Second-round Sample Tasks for the Open
Doors Bachelor’s Track
This sample test comprises 42 tasks, including 25 entry-level tasks with a single correct answer
(each correct answer is assigned 1 point), 13 intermediate-level tasks with multiple correct answers
(the correct answer is assigned 1 – 3 points), and 4 advanced-level tasks requiring a detailed answer
(the answer is assigned 1 – 9 points depending on its correctness and completeness).
For advanced-level tasks requiring a detailed answer, assessment criteria and a standard answer
are provided.
Field of Science 1. Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry
Task 1
Entry level (1 point)
Select the substance the aqueous solution of which will have a pH < 7
1) NaOH
2) Na2SO3
3) NaCl
4) CH3COONa
5) CuSO4
Answer: 5
Task 2
Entry level (1 point)
The industrial method of ammonia production is based on the direct interaction of hydrogen and
nitrogen. What volume (normal conditions) of ammonia (in liters) can be obtained from 20 liters
of nitrogen?
1) 10 l
2) 20 l
3) 30 l
4) 40 l
5) 50 l
Answer: 4
Task 3
Intermediate level (3 points)
Among the proposed formulae/names of substances located in the numbered cells, choose the
formulae/names of: A) divalent acid B) amphoteric hydroxide C) acid oxide
1 BeO 2 Н3PO4 3 N2O
4 H2PO3 5 Ca(OH)2 6 silane
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ДЕМОВЕРСИЯ ЗАДАНИЙ ВТОРОГО ЭТАПА
carbon
7 Mn2O7 8 9 Be(OH)2
monoxide
Write down the numbers in the answer, arranging them in the order corresponding to the letters:
A B C
4 9 7
Answer: 4, 9, 7
Task 4
Intermediate level (3 points)
Solution Y was added to a test tube with salt X. As a result of the reaction, X dissolved, and the
release of gas was observed. From the proposed list, select the substances X and Y that can enter
into the described reaction
1. CrCl3
2. CaSO4
3. HCl
4. NaOH
5. CaCO3
Write down the numbers in your answer, putting them in the order corresponding to letters X and
Y.
X Y
5 3
Answer: 5, 3.
Task 5
Intermediate level (3 points)
Match the formula of a substance with the reagents the substance can interact with. For each
position indicated by a letter, select the corresponding position indicated by a number:
Formula of the substance Reagents
A) Cl2 1) HNO3, O2, CuO
B) P4 2) Cu, KI, NaOH
C) NH3 3) Ba(NO3)2, NaOH, Na2S
D) CuSO4 4) BaCO3, S, Fe2O3
5) NaOH, O2, HNO3
Write down the numbers in the answer, arranging them in the order corresponding to the letters:
A, B, C, D.
A B C D
2 5 1 3
Answer: А – 2, B – 5, C – 1, D – 3.
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ДЕМОВЕРСИЯ ЗАДАНИЙ ВТОРОГО ЭТАПА
Task 6
Advanced level (9 points)
In the laboratory, a student found a jar containing an unknown substance A. Upon introducing this
substance into a burner flame, the flame turned purple. When concentrated sulfuric acid was added
to solid substance A, a colorless gas B, with a pungent odor was released. Passing this gas through
a sodium hydroxide solution, which had been previously treated with a few drops of litmus,
resulted in a color change from blue to violet. When gas B was passed through a hydrochloric acid
solution, also treated with litmus, no visible changes occurred. Additionally, when gas B was
passed through a silver nitrate solution, a white curdled precipitate C, was formed, containing
75.26% silver.
1. Identify A, B, C. Explain your answer.
2. Write the equations of the described reactions.
3. Determine the volume (normal conditions) of gas B that will be released when 6 g of substance
A interacts with 11 ml of 18.34 M sulfuric acid.
Note: A complete solution must include your method and reasoning. Providing the final answer
alone will not suffice.
Solution:
1. A - colors the flame violet, therefore, it contains potassium ions;
А + H2SO4 → В↑ (colorless, pungent odor, acidic environment, as it neutralizes alkali and does
not react with acid);
В + AgNO3 → C↓ (white, curdled, ω(Ag) = 75,26%.
Let the composition of the salt be AgX
M(X) = 108·24.74/75.26 = 35.5 g/mol
AgCl fits the description.
А В С
KCl HCl AgCl
2. KCl + H2SO4 = KHSO4 + HCl (K2SO4 counts as the correct answer)
HCl + NaOH = NaCl + H2O
HCl + AgNO3 = AgCl + HNO3
3. n(H2SO4) = C · V = 18.34 · 0.011 = 0.2 mol
n(KCl) = m/M = 6/74.5 = 0.08 mol
H2SO4 in excess, therefore an acidic salt is formed:
KCl + H2SO4 = KHSO4 + HCl
n(НCl) = n(KCl) = 0.08 mol
V(НCl) = n · Vm = 0.08 · 22.4 = 1.792 L
Answer : V(НCl) = 1.792 L
Assessment criteria:
Criteria 1 – Substances A, B, C are identified, appropriate explanations are given – 3 points.
Criteria 2 – All necessary reactions are written down – 3 points.
Criteria 3 – The calculation was carried out and the correct result was obtained – 3 points.
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ДЕМОВЕРСИЯ ЗАДАНИЙ ВТОРОГО ЭТАПА
Field of Science 2. Organic Chemistry
Task 7
Entry level (1 point)
The structural formula of an organic substance is shown in the figure. Select the isomer for this
substance.
1) 3,3-dimethylbutene-1
2) 2,4,4-trimethylpentene-2
3) 4-methylpentene-2
4) 2,4-dimethylpentene-2
Answer: 4
Task 8
Entry level (1 point)
What hydrocarbon can be produced by the interaction of bromoethane and sodium?
1) ethylene
2) butane
3) ethane
4) dibromoethane
Answer: 2
Task 9
Intermediate level (3 points)
The name of the organic compound according to IUPAC nomenclature is 2,5-dimethylhexen-1-
ol-3. How many primary carbon atoms does this compound contain?
Answer: 4 (the reference answer is an integer)
Task 10
Intermediate level (3 points)
An unsaturated hydrocarbon (class of alkenes) was chlorinated and then subjected to alkaline
hydrolysis with NaOH, yielding 2-methylbutanediol-2,3. Find the formula of the starting alkene
(use IUPAC nomenclature for the name of the hydrocarbon).
Answer: 2-methylbutene-2 (the reference answer is a word)
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ДЕМОВЕРСИЯ ЗАДАНИЙ ВТОРОГО ЭТАПА
Task 11
Intermediate level (3 points)
Which substances can enter into a substitution electrophilic reaction with chlorobenzene?
1) Cl2
2) H2
3) Mg
4) H2SO4 conc.
5) H2O
Answer: 1, 4
(1 correct answer – 1 point; 2 correct answers – 3 points)
Task 12
Advanced level (9 points)
Cracking of saturated hydrocarbon X with molecular weight 128 g/mol occurs according to the
reaction equation:
X → Y + Z.
1) Determine the simplest formula for substance X. Find 2 different isomers of substance X. Draw
the structural formulae of these isomers and name them according to IUPAC nomenclature.
2) Determine the structure of substances Y and Z, given that substance Z can be obtained from Y
according to the following scheme:
Y N Z
3) The structural formula of substance X contains 5 primary carbon atoms. Determine the structure
of substance X. Name substances X, Y, Z according to IUPAC nomenclature.
Note: A complete solution must include your method and reasoning. Providing the final answer
alone will not suffice.
Solution:
1) The general formula of all alkanes is CnH2n+2. If the molecular weight is known, we can find n
and the empirical formula.
12·n + (2-n+2) = 128
14n = 128-2 =126
n = 126/14 = 9
The simplest formula for substance X is C9H20
Isomer 1 Isomer 2
3-ethyl-2,4-dimethylpentane 2,2,3,3-tetramethylpentane
The simplest formula for substance X is correctly found 1 point
Criteria 1: Structural formulae and names of isomers are given correctly.
2 points
(1 point for structural formula and name of one compound)
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ДЕМОВЕРСИЯ ЗАДАНИЙ ВТОРОГО ЭТАПА
2) Alkenes are capable of adding HBr, therefore Y is an alkene. The number of carbon atoms in
Y must be 2 times as small as in Z. Therefore, Y is a propene.
+ HBr →
propene
+ Na →
2,3-dimethylbutane
The structural formulae of substances Y and Z are correctly done.
Criteria 2: 2 points
(1 point for the structural formula of one compound)
3) The structural formula of X which satisfies the condition of the problem is shown in the figure.
Red circles indicate primary carbon atoms.
The arrow is the bond that is broken by cracking.
Name of substances:
X – 2,3,3- trimethylhexane
Y – propene
Z – 2,3- dimethylbutane
The structural formula of substance X is correctly found. 1 point
Criteria 3: Substances X, Y, Z are named correctly.
3 points
(1 point for naming one substance)
Field of Science 3. Physical Chemistry
Task 13
Entry level (1 point)
What is the standard enthalpy of formation of barium oxide – BaO in kJ/mol, if 111.62 kJ of heat
is released during the oxidation of 0.2 mol of barium?
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ДЕМОВЕРСИЯ ЗАДАНИЙ ВТОРОГО ЭТАПА
1) -1116.2
2) – 558.1
3) 2232.4
4) -22.324
5) 558.1
Answer: 2
Task 14
Entry level (1 point)
The equilibrium temperature for a reversible reaction under standard conditions, if ∆Нр0=260.3
kJ, ∆Sр0=282 J/K, is equal to
1) 1083 К
2) 1.08 К
3) 923 К
4) 0.92 К
5) 542.3 К
Answer: 3
Task 15
Intermediate level (3 points)
At 253⁰C, the reaction ends in 20 seconds. How long will it take for this reaction at 293⁰С if γ=3:
1) 0.25 sec.
2) 1260 sec.
3) 0.74 sec.
4) 0.17 sec.
5) 6 sec.
Answer: 1
Task 16
Intermediate level (3 points)
Under what conditions will the reaction FeO(c)+H2(g)=Fe(k)+H2O(g) occur if ∆S⁰298=0.027
kJ/K?
∆Н⁰298, ∆G⁰298,
Substance
kJ/mol kJ/mol
FeО(c) -264.8 -244.3
Н2О(g) -241.8 -228.6
1) under standard conditions
2) at T>851.85 K
3) at T>298 K
4) at T=1000 K
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ДЕМОВЕРСИЯ ЗАДАНИЙ ВТОРОГО ЭТАПА
5) at T=581.48 K
Answer: 2, 4
Task 17
Intermediate level (3 points)
Under what conditions will the equilibrium shift towards the direct reaction CH4(g) + CO2(g) ↔
CO(g) + H2; ∆Н> 0?
1) with increasing temperature
2) with increasing pressure
3) with decreasing temperature
4) with decreasing pressure
5) with decreasing concentration of CH4
Answer: 1, 4
Task 18
Advanced level (9 points)
An electric current was passed through an electrolyzer containing 500 ml of 4.6% NaOH solution
(ρ=1.05 g/cm3). After a few minutes, the mass fraction of sodium hydroxide became equal to 10%.
Find the volumes of gases released at the electrodes.
Note: A complete solution must include your method and reasoning. Providing the final answer
alone will not suffice.
Solution:
1) Find the mass of a 4.6% NaOH solution:
m4.6%sol.=500ml‧1.05g/ml=525g
2) Find the mass of dissolved NaOH in 525 g of solution:
Msol. sabs..=525g‧0.046=24.15 g
3) Electrolysis scheme:
NaOH→Na++OH-
К (-): 2H2O+2ȇ=H2↑+2OH-
A (+): 2H2O-4ȇ=O2↑+4H+
2H2O=O2↑+2H2↑
Criterion 1 – 6 points.
4) Find the mass of a 10% NaOH solution after electrolysis:
m10% sol.=24.15g:0.1=241.5g
Criterion 2 – 1 point
5) Find the mass of water that has undergone electrolysis:
maq = 525g-241.5g=283.5 g
6) Find how many liters of H2 and O2 are released:
ν(Н2О) = 283.5g:18g/mol=15.75mol
ν(О2) = 15.75mol:2=7.875mol
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ДЕМОВЕРСИЯ ЗАДАНИЙ ВТОРОГО ЭТАПА
ν(Н2) = 283.5g:18g/mol=15.75mol
V(O2) = 7.875mol‧22.4L/mol=176.4 L
V(Н2) = 15.75mol‧22.4L/mol=352.8 L
Criterion 3 – 2 points
Answer: 176 liters of oxygen and 352.8 liters of hydrogen were released.
Assessment criteria:
Criterion 1 – The electrolysis scheme is done correctly. The mass of the 4.6% solution and the
mass of NaOH dissolved in the solution are calculated correctly. – 6 points.
Criterion 2 – The mass of a 10% NaOH solution after electrolysis and the mass of water subjected
to electrolysis are calculated correctly – 1 point.
Criterion 3 – Volumes of the released gases are calculated correctly – 2 points.
Field of Science 4. Analytical Chemistry
Task 19
Entry level (1 point)
A mixture of NaCl and CuSO4 salts was dissolved in distilled water. Which reagent can be used
to detect copper ions in the solution?
1) AgNO3
2) BaCl2
3) Cu
4) Na2S
5) N2
Answer: 4
Task 20
Entry level (1 point)
When titrating 10 mL of HNO3 solution, 5.2 mL of Na2CO3 solution was consumed. Find the
initial concentration of HNO3 if the concentration of Na2CO3 is 0.15 mol/L
1) 0.52 mol/L
2) 0.156 mol/L
3) 52 %
4) 0.333 mol/L
5) 0.001 mol/L
Answer: 2
Task 21
Intermediate level (3 points)
An alkaline solution is titrated with an acid solution in the presence of phenolphthalein. Which
substance is the titrant?
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ДЕМОВЕРСИЯ ЗАДАНИЙ ВТОРОГО ЭТАПА
1) Water
2) Acid solution
3) Alkali solution
4) Phenophthalein
5) Glassware
Answer: 2
Task 22
Intermediate level (3 points)
The solution contains the following ions: Ag+, Al3+, Pb2+, Ni2+, and Cu2+. The solution in
question is acidified (pH = 0.5) and then H2S is added. Find which ions remain in the solution
after these operations.
1) Ag+
2) Al3+
3) Cu2+
4) Ni2+
5) Pb2+
Answer: 2, 4
(1 correct answer – 1 point; 2 correct answers –3 points)
Task 23
Entry level (3 points)
A solution of FeCl3 is available in the laboratory. An excess of NH4OH was added to the solution
until complete precipitation. The washed precipitate was calcined in a muffle furnace. After all
operations, the mass of the precipitate was 1.35 g. Find the mass of FeCl3 in the initial solution.
(Express your answer in grams and round to the nearest hundredth).
Answer: 2.74 g (2.60 – 2.88 g) (reference answer – a number, a range).
(1 point if the answer is rounded to tenths or whole numbers)
Task 24
Advanced level (9 points)
The laboratory received a sample of an alloy. It is known that the alloy contains 2 metals. To
determine the chemical composition of the alloy, the following experiments were performed.
Experiment 1 - An alloy sample was placed in an excess of HCl solution and heated. After the
reaction with the release of gas, a colorless solution and an insoluble precipitate were obtained.
The precipitate was separated from the solution.
Experiment 2 - The precipitate from Experiment 1 was completely dissolved in concentrated
nitric acid, brown gas was released, and the solution turned blue. When the blue NaOH solution is
neutralized, a blue precipitate forms.
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ДЕМОВЕРСИЯ ЗАДАНИЙ ВТОРОГО ЭТАПА
Experiment 3 - Part of the solution from Experiment 1 was treated with excess NaOH and a white
precipitate formed. When exposed to H2O2, the precipitate turns brown.
Task:
1) Determine which element was discovered in Experiment 1. Justify your answer with equations
of chemical reactions.
2) Determine which element was discovered in Experiment 2. Justify your answer with chemical
reaction equations.
3) Find the mass fraction of the elements in the alloy given that interaction of 300 mg of the alloy
with excess HCl produces 42.8 ml of gas under normal conditions.
Note: A complete solution must include your method and reasoning. Providing the final answer
alone will not suffice.
Solution:
Justification: Experiment 1
1) Copper dissolves in concentrated nitric acid to form a blue solution. When alkali acts on copper
salts, a blue precipitate forms.
Cu + 4HNO3 = Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO2↑ + 2H2O
Cu(NO3)2 + 2NaOH = Cu(OH)2↓ + 2NaNO3
Reaction equations are written correctly (1 point per reaction). 2 points
Criterion 1:
Identifying characteristics of an element are given 1 point
Justification: Experiment 2
1) When exposed to NaOH, manganese salts form a white precipitate which turns brown when
exposed to H2O2
MnCl2 + 2NaOH = Mn(OH)2 + 2NaCl
Mn(OH)2 + H2O2 = MnO2 + 2H2O
Reaction equations are written correctly (1 point per reaction). 2 points
Criterion 2:
Identifying characteristics of an element are given 1 point
Finding the mass fractions of elements in the alloy.
Of the two alloy components, only manganese is able to react with hydrochloric acid
Mn + 2HCl = MnCl2 + H2
ν(Mn) = ν(H2) = V(H2)/Vm = 42.8 · 10-3 / 22.4 = 0.00191 mol
m(Mn) = ν(Mn) · M(Mn) = 0.00191 · 54.9 = 0.105 gram = 105 mg
ω(Mn) = m(Mn)/m(alloy) = 105/300 · 100% = 35%
ω(Cu) = 100% - ω(Mn) = 65%
Reaction equations are written correctly 1 point
Criterion 3: The calculation of the mass fractions of metals in the alloy is
2 points
correct.
Field of Science 5. Crystallography
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ДЕМОВЕРСИЯ ЗАДАНИЙ ВТОРОГО ЭТАПА
Task 25
Entry level (1 point)
A crystal lattice is called primitive if
1) nodes are located only in the vertices of the cell
2) nodes are located in the vertices of the cell and on faces perpendicular to the Z-axis.
3) nodes are located in the vertices of the cell and on the faces parallel to the Z axis
4) nodes are located at the vertices of the cell and in the center of all other faces
5) nodes are located at the vertices of the cell and in the volume of the lattice
Answer: 1
Task 26
Entry level (1 point)
A polyhedron with 6 faces is called
1) a tetrahedron
2) an octahedron
3) a cube
4) an icosahedron
5) a dodecahedron
Answer: 3
Task 27
Entry level (1 point)
Open symmetry elements include
1) a rotation axis
2) a mirror plane
3) a rotoinversion axis
4) a mirror-rotating axis
5) a screw axis
Answer: 5
Task 28
Entry level (1 point)
The unit cell parameters a=b=c, α = β = γ = 90° correspond to
1) monoclinic syngony
2) rhombic syngony
3) tetragonal syngony
4) hexagonal syngony
5) cubic singony
Answer: 5
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ДЕМОВЕРСИЯ ЗАДАНИЙ ВТОРОГО ЭТАПА
Task 29
Entry level (1 point)
The number of formula units corresponds to the number of atoms per unit cell. Calculate the
number of formula units in the following unit cell:
1) 1
2) 2
3) 3
4) 4
5) 8
Answer: 1
Task 30
Intermediate level (3 points)
Lower category crystals may have:
1) second-order axes
2) third-order axes
3) plane of symmetry
4) fifth order axes
5) center of symmetry
Answer: 1,3,5
(one correct answer – 1 point; two correct answers – 2 points; three correct answers – 3 points)
Field of Science 6. Testing in Materials Sciences
Task 31
Entry level (1 point)
The ultimate result of the gas-phase fluorination of polyethylene with F2 will be the production of
1) polyvinyl chloride (C2H3Cl)n
2) polytetrafluoroethylene (C2F4)n
3) polytrifluoroethylene (CF2-CFCl)n
4) polypropylene (C3H6)n
Answer: 2
Task 32
Entry level (1 point)
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ДЕМОВЕРСИЯ ЗАДАНИЙ ВТОРОГО ЭТАПА
The given infrared spectrum refers to...
1) tetrahydrofuran C4H8O
2) polystyrene (C8H8)n
3) copolymer of acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene (C8H8)x·(C4H6)y·(C3H3N)z
4) polyethylene terephthalate (C10H8O4)n
Answer: 4
Task 33
Entry level (1 point)
The hardness of polymers is determined by the depth of indentation of the indenter, using one of
the following methods:
1) the Rockwell method
2) the Brinell method
3) the Vickers method
4) all answers are incorrect
Answer: 1
Task 34
Entry level (1 point)
If the number of observations exceeds 20, a criterion used to evaluate gross errors is:
1) Romanovsky
2) Kashpirovsky
3) three sigma
4) preferred numbers
Answer: 3
Task 35
Entry level (1 point)
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ДЕМОВЕРСИЯ ЗАДАНИЙ ВТОРОГО ЭТАПА
The initial stage of the biofouling process of polymers by microscopic fungi, also known as
micromycetes, is mainly due to
1) the adhesion of micromycetes to the polymer surface.
2) the method of obtaining the polymer.
3) operating conditions of the polymer.
4) the duration and storage conditions of the polymer.
Answer: 1
Task 36
Intermediate level (3 points)
Match the scientific equipment and the measurement results obtained when using it:
Equipment Measurement Results
1 – Kruss DSA100 A – Identification of the polymer (IR spectrum)
2-Shimadzu IRTracer-100 FTIR B – Topology and chemical composition of the polymer
Spectrophotometer surface (SEM image)
3 – ZEISS Axio Imager 2 MAT C – Physico-mechanical properties of the polymer (tensile
strength and other parameters)
4 – Zwick Roell Z0.5 D – Topology of the polymer surface (optical imaging)
5 – JEOL JSM-7500 E – Contact angle, surface energy calculation, polar and
dispersion components
Answer:
1 – E;
2–А
3–D
4–C
5–B
(3 matches out of 5 – 1 point; 3 matches out of 4 – 2 points, 5 matches out of 5 – 3 points)
Field of Science 7. Metallurgy
Task 37
Entry level (1 point)
Which of the following metals belong to the alkali metal group?
1) sodium and platinum
2) potassium and copper
3) rubidium and cesium
4) nickel and zinc
5) cobalt and silver
Answer: 3
Task 38
Entry level (1 point)
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ДЕМОВЕРСИЯ ЗАДАНИЙ ВТОРОГО ЭТАПА
What type of syngony does magnetite (Fe3O4) belong to?
1) Cubic
2) Rhombic
3) Triclinic
4) Monoclinic
5) Octahedral
Answer: 1
Task 39
Entry level (1 point)
What are the main elements that make up brass?
1) Copper and zinc
2) Copper and nickel
3) Copper and platinum
4) Copper and tin
5) Copper and silver
Answer: 1
Task 40
Entry level (1 point)
What are the main advantages of titanium alloys?
1) Cost-effectiveness and plasticity
2) High electrical conductivity and moisture resistance
3) Low melting point and high thermal conductivity
4) High specific strength and corrosion resistance
5) High wear resistance and plasticity
Answer: 4
Task 41
Entry level (1 point)
What is characteristic of a substance in a crystalline state?
1) Increased electrical conductivity
2) Anisotropy of properties
3) High plasticity
4) High corrosion resistance
5) High thermal conductivity
Answer: 2
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ДЕМОВЕРСИЯ ЗАДАНИЙ ВТОРОГО ЭТАПА
Task 42
Intermediate level (3 points)
Which of the following methods can be used to determine shrinkage of non-ferrous casting
alloys?
1) Rietveld method
2) Hydrostatic weighing method
3) Adsorption-structural analysis
4) Pycnometric method
5) Scanning electron microscopy
Answer: 2,4
(one correct answer – 1 point; two correct answers – 3 points)
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