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INTERNATIONAL
SCIENTIFIC INNOVATIONS
IN HUMAN LIFE
Proceedings of VIII International Scientific and Practical Conference
Manchester, United Kingdom
16-18 February 2022
Manchester, United Kingdom
2022
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UDC 001.1
The 8th International scientific and practical conference “International
scientific innovations in human life” (February 16-18, 2022) Cognum
Publishing House, Manchester, United Kingdom. 2022. 687 p.
ISBN 978-92-9472-195-2
The recommended citation for this publication is:
Ivanov I. Analysis of the phaunistic composition of Ukraine // International scientific
innovations in human life. Proceedings of the 8th International scientific and
practical conference. Cognum Publishing House. Manchester, United Kingdom.
2022. Pp. 21-27. URL: https://sci-conf.com.ua/viii-mezhdunarodnaya-nauchno-
prakticheskaya-konferentsiya-international-scientific-innovations-in-human-life-16-
18-fevralya-2022-goda-manchester-velikobritaniya-arhiv/.
Editor
Komarytskyy M.L.
Ph.D. in Economics, Associate Professor
Collection of scientific articles published is the scientific and practical publication,
which contains scientific articles of students, graduate students, Candidates and
Doctors of Sciences, research workers and practitioners from Europe, Ukraine,
Russia and from neighbouring coutries and beyond. The articles contain the study,
reflecting the processes and changes in the structure of modern science. The
collection of scientific articles is for students, postgraduate students, doctoral
candidates, teachers, researchers, practitioners and people interested in the trends of
modern science development.
e-mail: [email protected]
homepage: https://sci-conf.com.ua
©2022 Scientific Publishing Center “Sci-conf.com.ua” ®
©2022 Cognum Publishing House ®
©2022 Authors of the articles
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
1. Bityutskyy V., Tsekhmistrenko S., Tsekhmistrenko O., Demchenko A. 13
ECO-FRIENDLY BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOGENIC
NANOSELENIUM PRODUCTION AND ITS USE IN COMBINATION
WITH PROBIOTICS IN POULTRY FEEDING: INNOVATIVE
FEEDING CONCEPTS.
2. Оленіч О. А., Заєць В. В. 22
СТВОРЕННЯ КОЛЕКЦІЇ ТА ІНТРОДУКЦІЯ БУЗКУ ЗВИЧАЙНОГО
НА ПРИЛУЦЬКІЙ ДОСЛІДНІЙ СТАНЦІЇ ІС НААН.
3. Черних С. А., Лемішко С. М., Підгородецький А. В. 30
ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ ЗАХИСТУ НУТУ ВІД АСКОХІТОЗУ В УМОВАХ
ПІВНІЧНОГО СТЕПУ УКРАЇНИ.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
4. Крамаренко С. С., Пакліна М. В., Чоботар К. В. 33
ХАЗЯЙСЬКІ ТА БЕЗПРИТУЛЬНІ СОБАКИ М. МИКОЛАЄВА ТА
МИКОЛАЇВСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ.
BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
5. Климишин О. С. 40
РОЗВИТОК КОНЦЕПЦІЇ ЕКОЛОГІЧНОЇ НІШІ.
6. Ярема Ю. М., Нірода Т. М., Нанинець М. В., Субота Г. М. 50
НАЙПОШИРЕНІШІ ХВОРОБИ ЛІСОВИХ ЕКОСИСТЕМ
НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО ПРИРОДНОГО ПАРКУ «СИНЕВИР».
MEDICAL SCIENCES
7. Kremenchutskyy G. N., Stepanskyi D. A., Ishchenko O. V., Turlun S. A. 60
EFFECT OF A-BACTERINUM ON PROTEIN AND LIPID
METABOLISM IN VOLUNTEERS.
8. Kryvorotko K. I., Malik N. V. 65
RATING SCALES IN MEDICINE.
9. Lastovetska L. D., Shcherba O. A., Kovaliuk T. V. 68
MODERN APPROACHES TO THE RELAPSES OF BACTERIAL
VAGINOSIS PROPHYLAXIS IN GYNECOLOGIC PATIENTS OF
REPRODUCTIVE AGE.
10. Tregub T. V., Strechen S. B., Lobashova E. G. 75
POST-COVID SYNDROME: TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH
GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS.
11. Yevstihnieiev I. V. 80
TO THE QUESTION OF ULTRASOUND EXAMINATION OF THE
LYMPH NODES OF THE NECK.
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AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
УДК 636.087.72
ECO-FRIENDLY BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOGENIC NANOSELENIUM
PRODUCTION AND ITS USE IN COMBINATION WITH PROBIOTICS IN
POULTRY FEEDING: INNOVATIVE FEEDING CONCEPTS
Bityutskyy Volodymyr
Dr. s.-g. Sciences, Professor
Tsekhmistrenko Svitlana
Dr. s.-g. Sciences, Professor
Tsekhmistrenko Oksana
doctor of agricultural sciences Sciences, Associate Professor,
Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University, Ukraine
Demchenko Alexander
Cand. s.-g. Sciences, Senior Researcher
Institute of Microbiology and Virology
them. D. K. Zabolotny National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Kyiv, Ukraine
Annotation. There is a general increase in demand for poultry meat on the
market today. This is especially true in developing and densely populated countries.
The sector is expected to expand significantly in the near future. Due to high
productivity, short fattening period and efficient conversion of feed into broiler
chickens, poultry meat can be produced relatively easily and quickly, even in
suboptimal conditions. Effective and innovative feeding concepts can ensure high
productivity as well as maintaining the health of the bird's gut.
One of the main reasons for the departure of young animals and poultry are
diseases associated with disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, the causative agents of
which are pathogenic microflora. However, the widespread use of chemotherapeutics
of various origins, including the latest antibiotics, has led to the artificial formation of
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reservoirs of opportunistic pathogens. In order to ensure the environmental safety of
food in the European Union, the use of antibiotics in poultry and poultry products is
prohibited. In veterinary practice, antibiotics have been widely used as growth
stimulants, which were used in subtherapeutic doses throughout the breeding broiler.
However, convincing data indicate that antibiotics have contributed to the
development of resistance in pathogenic strains. The emergence of resistant strains on
poultry farms is a matter of serious concern. Reports have shown not only harm to
animal health, but also to humans due to trophic interactions.
Finding alternative sources of supplements that could be potential substitutes
for antibiotics in broiler chickens is becoming a crucial issue for many researchers.
Therefore, in order to find an acceptable and reliable alternative to antibiotics to
ensure the safety of poultry products without compromising productivity, various
studies are being conducted.
Key words: nanoparticles, “green” synthesis, selenium, oxidative stress,
application of nanoparticles.
Introductions. At the present stage of development of the livestock and feed
industry, alternatives to antibiotics are increasingly used: probiotics, prebiotics,
synbiotics, phytobiotics, natural growth stimulants, immunostimulants,
bacteriophages, antimicrobial peptides, specific enzyme preparations, acidifiers
[1; 2; 5]. Recently, antibiotics have been the main weapon in the fight against bacterial
infections [13; 14]. However, due to the widespread excessive and irrational use of
antibiotics for humans and animals, bacteria are becoming increasingly resistant to
them [11]. The WHO has recognized antibiotic resistance as one of the greatest
threats to health, food security and development in the world. Antibiotic resistance
occurs when bacteria change under the influence of drugs. Therefore, antibiotics stop
working and infectious diseases cannot be treated. Antibiotic resistance threatens the
effective prevention and treatment of any infections. The level of antibiotic use in
animal husbandry and crop production is growing every year [3; 4; 8]. The main threat
to health is not antibiotics in the meat, but the persistent bacteria which are in it.
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Today, antibiotics are regularly used to raise pigs, poultry, laying hens, beef
cattle and dairy cows, as well as fish [6; 10; 12]. Antibiotics are usually used in part
to treat animals, but many are used to promote growth and prevent disease.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than half of all antibiotics
produced in the world are used in animal husbandry not to treat but to stimulate
growth. Therefore, excessive use of antibiotics in livestock is one of the reasons why
basic drugs are often ineffective or ineffective in the treatment of human diseases.
The result of such overuse is that a bacterium resistant to a particular antibiotic in one
direction (eg, broiler chickens) may be resistant to antibiotics used in a completely
different direction, such as human medicine. As an alternative to antibiotics, special
attention should be paid to pro- and prebiotics, the action of which is adequate to the
mechanisms of protection of the macroorganism from the pathogenic influence of the
external environment, which have developed in the process of evolution [9].
Probiotics are living microorganisms, the intake of which in adequate
quantities has a positive effect on human health. Prebiotics are selectively fermented
ingredients that are formed by specific changes in the composition and / or activity of
the gastrointestinal microbiota, and thus have a positive effect on animal and human
health.
Bacteria from the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium are most often
used as probiotics [9]. Probiotics in animals and humans perform various functions,
including participation in immunological reactions: activate macrophages (cellular
immunity), increase the production of immunoglobulins (humoral immunity),
optimize the formation of cytokines, adapt to food antigens [ 2; 3; 7]. In the conditions
of industrial poultry farming there are technological stress factors, which cause
excessive stress, the development of oxidative stress, reduced productivity and
resistance of birds. Therefore, there is a need for additional support of the antioxidant
system in poultry. One of the important elements that play a significant role in the
regulation of redox processes in the cell is the metalloid Selenium. Its inorganic
forms have toxic effects and limited properties, so there is a need to develop new
compositions, in particular in nanoform [5; 6; 13]. The introduction of "green
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chemistry" and "nanotechnology" is one of the revolutionary developments in science
that has influenced research on environmental safety and reducing the size of objects.
Combining these two fields has paved the way for a new "green" and nanoscale
science called "green nanotechnology". The advantage of nanostructures synthesized
by the green approach is that specific bioobjects contain a wide variety of
biomolecules that transform inorganic forms of selenium into nanoseleniums and
cover the surface of synthesized nanoparticles, forming coating layers that further
provide stability and biocompatibility the unique specificity of their action.
Among biogenic sources, fungi and bacteria predominate not only because of
their ability to produce higher levels of the enzyme reductase, which can effectively
reduce the cost of large-scale production [9]. Selenium nanoparticles synthesized by
probiotic bacteria can be effectively used as an alternative to other forms of selenium
as a feed additive for prebiotic action due to the synergistic action of Se and
probiotics to reduce oxidative stress, increase resistance and productivity of birds
[15]. So the aim of the current research was studying the use of prebiotics and
selenium nanoparticles in poultry to correct productivity and bird’s saving.
Materials and methods. The experimental part and approbation of research
results were performed on strains of L. plantarum cultures provided from the
collection of microorganisms of the D.K.Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and
Virology of the NASU, white rats, mice and quail breed Pharaoh. The research was
conducted in the laboratories of the Research Institute of Ecology and Biotechnology
of Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University (BNAU), the Department of Interferon
and Immunomodulators of the Institute of Microbiology and Virology. D.K.
Zabolotny National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Laboratory and technological
studies have been used that combine the biotechnology of production and application
of selenium nanoparticles from the class of metalloids.
Cultivation of lactobacilli was performed in vials (500 cm3) on a rotary shaker
(220 rpm), at the optimum temperature (30oC). The period of cultivation on nutrient
medium MSS Broth (Conda) was 2 days. Sodium selenite was additionally added to
the medium in various concentrations from 1 to 30 ppm by Se. The number of viable
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bacterial cells in 1 ml of suspension was determined by the method of limiting
dilutions when sowing aliquots on nutrient media with 0.2% agar-agar. Cultures of L.
casei II B-7280 were grown in liquid pH MPC Broth (Conda) low pH in the presence
and absence of Na2SeO3. Physicochemical analysis was used, the stability of the drug
was assessed, acute and chronic toxicity in laboratory animals were studied.
Characteristics of the nanopreparation were performed using transmission electron
microscopy (TEM) and UV spectra were obtained. Acute toxicity parameters of
sodium selenite with probiotic and bionanoselen were studied in white mice 2-3
months of age, weighing 19-22 g and white rats, aged 2-3 months, weighing 180-200
g. The studied feed additives were administered intragastrically, once. The research
followed the general principles of bioethics, legislation and requirements under the
provisions of the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals for
Research and Scientific Purposes (Strasbourg, 1986), the General Ethical Principles
for Animal Experiments (Ukraine, 2001).
In the case of studying the biological action of various forms of selenium at the
age of 24 days were selected 240 quail breed Pharaoh and by the method of
analogues formed 4 groups – control and three experimental 60 heads each.
Experimental studies were conducted in the vivarium of Bila Tserkva National
Agrarian University. The bird of the control group (1st group) received a complete
feed. Probiotic (L. plantarum) (2nd group), sodium selenite (3rd group) and biogenic
nanoselen (4th group) were added to the compound feed of the experimental groups of
birds by multistage mixing. The dosages of probiotics and selenium preparations
correspond to the established effective amounts according to previous scientific
studies and amounted to 108 CFU / cm3 and 0.3 mg / kg of feed. Probiotic and
biogenic nanoselen were synthesized together with scientists from the Department of
Interferon and Immunomodulators of the Institute of Microbiology and Virology of
D.K.Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology of the NASU.
Blood and tissue samples were taken from 5 birds from each group. Philicit
Diagnostics test kits (Ukraine) were used for biochemical research. The experiment
studied the body weight of the bird, feed consumption, livestock safety, calculated
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weight gain and feed consumption per 1 kg of gain. The results of the research were
processed according to standard statistical methods in Microsoft Excel.
Results of the research and discussion. The most integral and informative
indicator of the highly effective action of probiotic drugs is the growth rate of quail,
which, first of all, determines the profitability of the industry and the competitiveness
of products. Studies have shown that the drugs used in the diet of quail lead to a
predominance of poultry experimental groups on the body weight of control
analogues. The use of sodium selenite (group 2) showed the smallest increase in quail
weight, and the use of bionanoselenium in combination with probiotics showed the
largest increase, which significantly exceeded the control at the end of the experiment
by 7.4%.
Increase in protein, albumin, tendency to decrease the activity of
aminotransferases, decrease in the concentration of total bilirubin, indicates that the
addition of various selenium compounds to the diet had a positive effect on metabolic
processes and had no negative effect on liver cells, as evidenced by marker liver
enzims like AlAT and AlAT. The tendency to decrease the concentration of uric acid
and creatinine in the experimental groups indicates the absence of adverse effects on
renal function. To determine the effect of probiotic strains of microorganisms on the
quantitative composition of lactobacilli in the intestines of birds from the obtained
samples was isolated content and an empty fragment of the intestine. The largest
number of lactobacilli was observed both in the washout from the large intestine and
in the intestinal contents of quails of the 4th experimental group, where probiotic and
nanoselen were fed. It has been shown that pro- and prebiotics have
immunomodulatory activity in relation to the intensity of phagocytic function of
macrophages obtained from experimental quails. The best indicators of immune
status in quails of the 4th experimental group. Analysis of the content of lipid
peroxidation index (TBA-active products) revealed a decrease in its content in quails
of experimental groups relative to the control group. According to the results of
biochemical studies of broiler blood, it was noted that the indicators of antioxidant
protection were higher in the blood of quails of the 4th group with the introduction of
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a complex of probiotics and biogenic nanoselenium. Preservation of the broiler
population during the experiment ranged from 96.0 to 99.0%. The data obtained by
us are the basis for the use of a complex of probiotics in order to increase
productivity in the production of broiler meat.
Conclusions. A study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of new
probiotic drugs. The "green" synthesis of selenium nanoparticles has been carried out,
which has a wide prospect of application in agriculture. production. The use of quail
probiotics and nanoselenium leads to the activation of metabolic parameters,
increases the profitability of production.
Thus, investing in high-quality feed solutions that include alternatives to
antibiotics is the only and highly effective way to ensure human health, animal
welfare, productivity and consumer demand.
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