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 Petr Sojka · Aleš Horák
Ivan Kopeček · Karel Pala (Eds.)
LNAI 11107

Text, Speech,
and Dialogue
21st International Conference, TSD 2018
Brno, Czech Republic, September 11–14, 2018
Proceedings

123
Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 11107

Subseries of Lecture Notes in Computer Science

LNAI Series Editors

Randy Goebel
University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
Yuzuru Tanaka
Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
Wolfgang Wahlster
DFKI and Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany

LNAI Founding Series Editor

Joerg Siekmann
DFKI and Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/1244
Petr Sojka Aleš Horák
•

Ivan Kopeček Karel Pala (Eds.)

•

Text, Speech,
and Dialogue
21st International Conference, TSD 2018
Brno, Czech Republic, September 11–14, 2018
Proceedings

123
Editors
Petr Sojka Ivan Kopeček
Faculty of Informatics Faculty of Informatics
Masaryk University Masaryk University
Brno, Czech Republic Brno, Czech Republic
Aleš Horák Karel Pala
Faculty of Informatics Faculty of Informatics
Masaryk University Masaryk University
Brno, Czech Republic Brno, Czech Republic

ISSN 0302-9743 ISSN 1611-3349 (electronic)

Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence
ISBN 978-3-030-00793-5 ISBN 978-3-030-00794-2 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00794-2

Library of Congress Control Number: 2018954548

LNCS Sublibrary: SL7 – Artificial Intelligence

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 Preface

The annual Text, Speech and Dialogue Conference (TSD), which originated in 1998,
has entered its third decade. In the course of this time, thousands of authors from all
over the world have contributed to the proceedings. TSD constitutes a recognized
platform for the presentation and discussion of state-of-the-art technology and recent
achievements in the field of natural language processing (NLP). It has become an
interdisciplinary forum, interweaving the themes of speech technology and language
processing. The conference attracts researchers not only from Central and Eastern
Europe but also from other parts of the world. Indeed, one of its goals has always been
to bring together NLP researchers with different interests from different parts of the
world and to promote their mutual cooperation.
One of the declared goals of the conference has always been, as its title says,
twofold: not only to deal with language processing and dialogue systems as such, but
also to stimulate dialogue between researchers in the two areas of NLP, i.e., between
text and speech people. In our view, the TSD Conference was successful in this respect
in 2018 again. We had the pleasure of welcoming three prominent invited speakers this
year: Kenneth Ward Church presented a keynote with a proposal of an organizing
framework for deep nets titled “Minsky, Chomsky & Deep Nets”; Piek Vossen pre-
sented the Pepper robot in “Leolani: A Reference Machine with a Theory of Mind for
Social Communication”; and Isabel Trancoso reported on “Speech Analytics for
Medical Applications”.
This volume contains the proceedings of the 21st TSD Conference, held in Brno,
Czech Republic, in September 2018. In the review process, 53 papers were accepted
out of 110 submitted papers, leading to an acceptance rate of 48%.
We would like to thank all the authors for the efforts they put into their submissions
and the members of the Program Committee and reviewers who did a wonderful job
selecting the best papers. We are also grateful to the invited speakers for their con-
tributions. Their talks provide insight into important current issues, applications, and
techniques related to the conference topics.
Special thanks go to the members of the Local Organizing Committee for their
tireless effort in organizing the conference.
We hope that the readers will benefit from the results of this event and disseminate
the ideas of the TSD Conference all over the world. Enjoy the proceedings!

July 2018 Aleš Horák

Ivan Kopeček
Karel Pala
Petr Sojka
 Organization

TSD 2018 was organized by the Faculty of Informatics, Masaryk University, in

cooperation with the Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of West Bohemia in
Plzeň. The conference webpage is located at http://www.tsdconference.org/tsd2018/.

Program Committee

Elmar Nöth (General Chair), Germany Evgeny Kotelnikov, Russia

Rodrigo Agerri, Spain Pavel Král, Czech Republic
Eneko Agirre, Spain Siegfried Kunzmann, Germany
Vladimir Benko, Slovakia Nikola Ljubešić, Croatia
Archna Bhatia, USA Natalija Loukachevitch, Russia
Jan Černocký, Czech Republic Bernardo Magnini, Italy
Simon Dobrisek, Slovenia Oleksandr Marchenko, Ukraine
Kamil Ekstein, Czech Republic Václav Matoušek, Czech Republic
Karina Evgrafova, Russia France Mihelić, Slovenia
Yevhen Fedorov, Ukraine Roman Mouček, Czech Republic
Volker Fischer, Germany Agnieszka Mykowiecka, Poland
Darja Fiser, Slovenia Hermann Ney, Germany
Eleni Galiotou, Greece Karel Oliva, Czech Republic
Björn Gambäck, Norway Juan Rafael Orozco-Arroyave, Colombia
Radovan Garabík, Slovakia Karel Pala, Czech Republic
Alexander Gelbukh, Mexico Nikola Pavesić, Slovenia
Louise Guthrie, UK Maciej Piasecki, Poland
Tino Haderlein, Germany Josef Psutka, Czech Republic
Jan Hajič, Czech Republic James Pustejovsky, USA
Eva Hajičová, Czech Republic German Rigau, Spain
Yannis Haralambous, France Marko Robnik Šikonja, Slovenia
Hynek Hermansky, USA Leon Rothkrantz, The Netherlands
Jaroslava Hlaváčová, Czech Republic Anna Rumshinsky, USA
Aleš Horák, Czech Republic Milan Rusko, Slovakia
Eduard Hovy, USA Pavel Rychlý, Czech Republic
Denis Jouvet, France Mykola Sazhok, Ukraine
Maria Khokhlova, Russia Pavel Skrelin, Russia
Aidar Khusainov, Russia Pavel Smrž, Czech Republic
Daniil Kocharov, Russia Petr Sojka, Czech Republic
Miloslav Konopík, Czech Republic Stefan Steidl, Germany
Ivan Kopeček, Czech Republic Georg Stemmer, Germany
Valia Kordoni, Germany Vitomir Štruc, Slovenia
VIII Organization

Marko Tadić, Croatia Yorick Wilks, UK

Tamas Varadi, Hungary Marcin Wołinski, Poland
Zygmunt Vetulani, Poland Alina Wróblewska, Poland
Aleksander Wawer, Poland Victor Zakharov, Russia
Pascal Wiggers, The Netherlands Jerneja Źganec Gros, Slovenia

Additional Reviewers

Ladislav Lenc Arantza Otegi

Marton Makrai Bálint Sass
Malgorzata Marciniak Tadej Skvorc
Montse Maritxalar Jan Stas
Jiří Martinek Ivor Uhliarik
Elizaveta Mironyuk

Organizing Committee

Aleš Horák (Co-chair), Ivan Kopeček, Karel Pala (Co-chair), Adam Rambousek (Web
System), Pavel Rychlý, Petr Sojka (Proceedings)

Sponsors and Support

The TSD conference is regularly supported by International Speech Communication

Association (ISCA). We would like to express our thanks to the Lexical Computing
Ltd. and IBM Česká republika, spol. s r. o. for their kind sponsoring contribution to
TSD 2018.
 Contents

Invited Papers

Minsky, Chomsky and Deep Nets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Kenneth Ward Church

Leolani: A Reference Machine with a Theory of Mind

for Social Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Piek Vossen, Selene Baez, Lenka Bajc̆ etić, and Bram Kraaijeveld

Speech Analytics for Medical Applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Isabel Trancoso, Joana Correia, Francisco Teixeira, Bhiksha Raj,
and Alberto Abad

Text

Sentiment Attitudes and Their Extraction from Analytical Texts . . . . . . . . . . 41

Nicolay Rusnachenko and Natalia Loukachevitch

Prefixal Morphemes of Czech Verbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Jaroslava Hlaváčová

LDA in Character-LSTM-CRF Named Entity Recognition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Miloslav Konopík and Ondřej Pražák

Lexical Stress-Based Authorship Attribution with Accurate Pronunciation

Patterns Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Lubomir Ivanov, Amanda Aebig, and Stephen Meerman

Idioms Modeling in a Computer Ontology as a Morphosyntactic

Disambiguation Strategy: The Case of Tibetan Corpus
of Grammar Treatises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Alexei Dobrov, Anastasia Dobrova, Pavel Grokhovskiy,
Maria Smirnova, and Nikolay Soms

Adjusting Machine Translation Datasets for Document-Level

Cross-Language Information Retrieval: Methodology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Gennady Shtekh, Polina Kazakova, and Nikita Nikitinsky

Deriving Enhanced Universal Dependencies from a Hybrid

Dependency-Constituency Treebank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Lauma Pretkalniņa, Laura Rituma, and Baiba Saulīte
X Contents

Adaptation of Algorithms for Medical Information Retrieval for Working

on Russian-Language Text Content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Aleksandra Vatian, Natalia Dobrenko, Anastasia Makarenko,
Niyaz Nigmatullin, Nikolay Vedernikov, Artem Vasilev,
Andrey Stankevich, Natalia Gusarova, and Anatoly Shalyto

CoRTE: A Corpus of Recognizing Textual Entailment Data Annotated

for Coreference and Bridging Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Afifah Waseem

Evaluating Distributional Features for Multiword Expression Recognition . . . 126

Natalia Loukachevitch and Ekaterina Parkhomenko

MANÓCSKA: A Unified Verb Frame Database for Hungarian . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

Ágnes Kalivoda, Noémi Vadász, and Balázs Indig

Improving Part-of-Speech Tagging by Meta-learning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144

Łukasz Kobyliński, Michał Wasiluk, and Grzegorz Wojdyga

Identifying Participant Mentions and Resolving Their Coreferences

in Legal Court Judgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Ajay Gupta, Devendra Verma, Sachin Pawar, Sangameshwar Patil,
Swapnil Hingmire, Girish K. Palshikar, and Pushpak Bhattacharyya

Building the Tatar-Russian NMT System Based on Re-translation

of Multilingual Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
Aidar Khusainov, Dzhavdet Suleymanov, Rinat Gilmullin,
and Ajrat Gatiatullin

Annotated Clause Boundaries’ Influence on Parsing Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171

Dage Särg, Kadri Muischnek, and Kaili Müürisep

Morphological Aanalyzer for the Tunisian Dialect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180

Roua Torjmen and Kais Haddar

Morphosyntactic Disambiguation and Segmentation for Historical Polish

with Graph-Based Conditional Random Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Jakub Waszczuk, Witold Kieraś, and Marcin Woliński

Do We Need Word Sense Disambiguation for LCM Tagging? . . . . . . . . . . . 197

Aleksander Wawer and Justyna Sarzyńska

Generation of Arabic Broken Plural Within LKB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205

Samia Ben Ismail, Sirine Boukedi, and Kais Haddar

Czech Dataset for Semantic Textual Similarity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213

Lukás̆ Svoboda and Tomás̆ Brychcín
 Contents XI

A Dataset and a Novel Neural Approach for Optical Gregg

Shorthand Recognition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
Fangzhou Zhai, Yue Fan, Tejaswani Verma, Rupali Sinha,
and Dietrich Klakow

A Lattice Based Algebraic Model for Verb Centered Constructions . . . . . . . . 231

Bálint Sass

Annotated Corpus of Czech Case Law for Reference Recognition Tasks . . . . 239
Jakub Harašta, Jaromír Šavelka, František Kasl, Adéla Kotková,
Pavel Loutocký, Jakub Míšek, Daniela Procházková,
Helena Pullmannová, Petr Semenišín, Tamara Šejnová, Nikola Šimková,
Michal Vosinek, Lucie Zavadilová, and Jan Zibner

Recognition of the Logical Structure of Arabic Newspaper Pages . . . . . . . . . 251

Hassina Bouressace and Janos Csirik

A Cross-Lingual Approach for Building Multilingual Sentiment Lexicons . . . 259

Behzad Naderalvojoud, Behrang Qasemizadeh, Laura Kallmeyer,
and Ebru Akcapinar Sezer

Semantic Question Matching in Data Constrained Environment . . . . . . . . . . 267

Anutosh Maitra, Shubhashis Sengupta, Abhisek Mukhopadhyay,
Deepak Gupta, Rajkumar Pujari, Pushpak Bhattacharya, Asif Ekbal,
and Tom Geo Jain

Morphological and Language-Agnostic Word Segmentation for NMT . . . . . . 277

Dominik Macháček, Jonáš Vidra, and Ondřej Bojar

Multi-task Projected Embedding for Igbo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285

Ignatius Ezeani, Mark Hepple, Ikechukwu Onyenwe,
and Chioma Enemuo

Corpus Annotation Pipeline for Non-standard Texts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295

Zuzana Peliknov and Zuzana Nevilov

Recognition of OCR Invoice Metadata Block Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304

Hien T. Ha, Marek Medved’, Zuzana Nevěřilová, and Aleš Horák

Speech

Automatic Evaluation of Synthetic Speech Quality by a System Based

on Statistical Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315
Jiří Přibil, Anna Přibilová, and Jindřich Matoušek

Robust Recognition of Conversational Telephone Speech

via Multi-condition Training and Data Augmentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324
Jiří Málek, Jindřich Ždánský, and Petr Červa
XII Contents

Online LDA-Based Language Model Adaptation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334

Jan Lehečka and Aleš Pražák

Recurrent Neural Network Based Speaker Change Detection from Text

Transcription Applied in Telephone Speaker Diarization System . . . . . . . . . . 342
Zbyněk Zajíc, Daniel Soutner, Marek Hrúz, Luděk Müller,
and Vlasta Radová

On the Extension of the Formal Prosody Model for TTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351

Markéta Jůzová, Daniel Tihelka, and Jan Volín

F0 Post-Stress Rise Trends Consideration in Unit Selection TTS . . . . . . . . . . 360

Markéta Jůzová and Jan Volín

Current State of Text-to-Speech System ARTIC: A Decade of Research

on the Field of Speech Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
Daniel Tihelka, Zdeněk Hanzlíček, Markéta Jůzová, Jakub Vít,
Jindřich Matoušek, and Martin Grůber

Semantic Role Labeling of Speech Transcripts Without

Sentence Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379
Niraj Shrestha and Marie-Francine Moens

Voice Control in a Real Flight Deck Environment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388

Michal Trzos, Martin Dostl, Petra Machkov, and Jana Eitlerov

Data Augmentation and Teacher-Student Training for LF-MMI Based

Robust Speech Recognition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403
Asadullah and Tanel Alumäe

Using Anomaly Detection for Fine Tuning of Formal Prosodic Structures

in Speech Synthesis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411
Martin Matura and Markéta Jůzová

The Influence of Errors in Phonetic Annotations on Performance of Speech

Recognition System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419
Radek Šafařík, Lukáš Matějů, and Lenka Weingartová

Deep Learning and Online Speech Activity Detection for Czech

Radio Broadcasting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 428
Jan Zelinka

A Survey of Recent DNN Architectures on the TIMIT Phone

Recognition Task . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 436
Josef Michálek and Jan Vaněk
 Contents XIII

WaveNet-Based Speech Synthesis Applied to Czech: A Comparison

with the Traditional Synthesis Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445
Zdeněk Hanzlíček, Jakub Vít, and Daniel Tihelka

Phonological Posteriors and GRU Recurrent Units to Assess Speech

Impairments of Patients with Parkinson’s Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 453
Juan Camilo Vásquez-Correa, Nicanor Garcia-Ospina,
Juan Rafael Orozco-Arroyave, Milos Cernak, and Elmar Nöth

Phonological i-Vectors to Detect Parkinson’s Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 462

N. Garcia-Ospina, T. Arias-Vergara, J. C. Vásquez-Correa,
J. R. Orozco-Arroyave, M. Cernak, and E. Nöth

Dialogue

Subtext Word Accuracy and Prosodic Features for Automatic

Intelligibility Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473
Tino Haderlein, Anne Schützenberger, Michael Döllinger,
and Elmar Nöth

Prosodic Features’ Criterion for Hebrew. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 482

Ben Fishman, Itshak Lapidot, and Irit Opher

The Retention Effect of Learning Grammatical Patterns Implicitly Using

Joining-in-Type Robot-Assisted Language-Learning System . . . . . . . . . . . . . 492
AlBara Khalifa, Tsuneo Kato, and Seiichi Yamamoto

Learning to Interrupt the User at the Right Time in Incremental

Dialogue Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500
Adam Chýlek, Jan Švec, and Luboš Šmídl

Towards a French Smart-Home Voice Command Corpus: Design

and NLU Experiments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509
Thierry Desot, Stefania Raimondo, Anastasia Mishakova,
François Portet, and Michel Vacher

Classification of Formal and Informal Dialogues Based on Emotion

Recognition Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 518
György Kovács

Correction to: A Lattice Based Algebraic Model for Verb

Centered Constructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E1
Bálint Sass

Author Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 527

Invited Papers
 Minsky, Chomsky and Deep Nets

Kenneth Ward Church(B)

Baidu, Sunnyvale, CA, USA

[email protected]

Abstract. When Minsky and Chomsky were at Harvard in the 1950s,

they started out their careers questioning a number of machine learn-
ing methods that have since regained popularity. Minsky’s Perceptrons
was a reaction to neural nets and Chomsky’s Syntactic Structures was a
reaction to ngram language models. Many of their objections are being
ignored and forgotten (perhaps for good reasons, and perhaps not). While
their arguments may sound negative, I believe there is a more construc-
tive way to think about their efforts; they were both attempting to orga-
nize computational tasks into larger frameworks such as what is now
known as the Chomsky Hierarchy and algorithmic complexity. Section 5
will propose an organizing framework for deep nets. Deep nets are prob-
ably not the solution to all the world’s problems. They don’t do the
impossible (solve the halting problem), and they probably aren’t great
at many tasks such as sorting large vectors and multiplying large matri-
ces. In practice, deep nets have produced extremely exciting results in
vision and speech, though other tasks may be more challenging for deep
nets.

Keywords: Minsky · Chomsky · Deep nets · Perceptrons

1 A Pendulum Swung Too Far

There is considerable excitement over deep nets, and for good reasons. More
and more people are attending more and more conferences on Machine Learn-
ing. Deep nets have produced substantial progress on a number of benchmarks,
especially in vision and speech.
This progress is changing the world in all kinds of ways. Face recognition
and speech recognition are everywhere. Voice-powered search is replacing typ-
ing.1 Cameras are everywhere as well, especially in China. While the West finds
it creepy to live in a world with millions of cameras,2 the people that I talk
to in China believe that cameras reduce crime and make people feel safer [1].
The big commercial opportunity for face recognition is likely to be electronic
1
http://money.cnn.com/2017/05/31/technology/mary-meeker-internet-trends/
index.html.
2
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-4918342/China-installs-20-million-AI-
equipped-street-cameras.html.
c Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2018
P. Sojka et al. (Eds.): TSD 2018, LNAI 11107, pp. 3–14, 2018.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00794-2_1
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