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net

ICS 13.060
CCS C 51

National Standard of the People’s Republic of China

GB/T 5750.12-2023
Replaces GB/T 5750.12-2006

Standard examination methods for

drinking water -
Part 12: Microbiological indices
生活饮用水标准检验方法

第 12 部分：微生物指标

(English translation)

Issue date: 2023-03-17 Implementation date: 2023-10-01

Issued by the State Administration for Market Regulation
the Standardization Administration of the People's Republic
of China

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Contents

Foreword ............................................................................................................................... I
Introduction ......................................................................................................................... III
1 Scope ............................................................................................................................. 1
2 Normative references ..................................................................................................... 1
3 Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................... 1
4 Standard plate-count bacteria ........................................................................................ 3
5 Total coliforms ............................................................................................................... 9
6 Thermotolerant coliform bacteria ...............................................................................22
7 Escherichia coli ...........................................................................................................24
8 Giardia ........................................................................................................................27
9 Cryptosporidium .........................................................................................................44
10 Enterococcus ............................................................................................................45
11 Clostridium perfringens .............................................................................................53

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Foreword

ChinaStandards.net is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the
English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.

This document is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2020
Directives for standardization - Part 1: Rules for the structure and drafting of standardizing
documents.

This document is Part 12 of GB/T 5750 Standard examination methods for drinking water.
The following parts of GB/T 5750 have been issued:

——Part 1: General principles;

——Part 2: Collection and preservation of water samples;

——Part 3: Water analysis quality control;

——Part 4: Organoleptic and physical indices;

——Part 5: Inorganic nonmetallic indices;

——Part 6: Metal and metalloid indices;

——Part 7: Aggregate organic indices;

——Part 8: Organic indices;

——Part 9: Pesticides indices;

——Part 10: Disinfection by-products indices;

——Part 11: Disinfectants indices;

——Part 12: Microbiological indices;

——Part 13: Radiological indices.

This document replaces GB/T 5750.12-2006 Standard examination methods for drinking
water - Microbiological parameters. In addition to structural adjustment and editorial
changes, the following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T
5750.12-2006:

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a) 6 examination methods have been added (see 4.2, 8.2, 9.2, 10.1, 10.2 and 11.1
hereof).

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the
subject of patent rights. The issuing body of this document shall not be held responsible
for identifying any or all such patent rights.

This document was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of the National Health
Commission of the People's Republic of China.

The previous editions of this document are as follows:

——This document was firstly issued as GB/T 5750-1985 in 1985 and firstly revised as
GB/T 5750.12-2006 in 2006;

——This is the second revision.

II

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Introduction

The series of standards GB/T 5750 Standard examination methods for drinking water, as
the recommended national standards for drinking water examination technology, are
compatible with GB 5749 Standards for drinking water quality, and are also served as an
important technical support of GB 5749. They provide examination methods for
implementing GB 5749 and carrying out hygienic safety evaluation of drinking water.

GB/T 5750 consists of 13 parts.

——Part 1: General principles; It provides the basic principles and requirements for water
quality examination.

——Part 2: Collection and preservation of water samples. It provides the basic principles,
measures and requirements for water sample collection, preservation, management,
transportation and sampling quality control.

——Part 3: Water analysis quality control. It provides quality control requirements and
methods for water quality examination and testing laboratories.

——Part 4: Organoleptic and physical indices. It provides corresponding examination

methods for organoleptic and physical indices.

——Part 5: Inorganic nonmetallic indices. It provides corresponding examination methods

for inorganic nonmetallic indices.

——Part 6: Metal and metalloid indices. It provides corresponding examination methods

for metal and metalloid indices.

——Part 7: Aggregate organic indices. It provides corresponding examination methods for

aggregate organic indices.

——Part 8: Organic indices. It provides corresponding examination methods for organic

indices.

——Part 9: Pesticides indices. It provides corresponding examination methods for

pesticides indices.

——Part 10: Disinfection by-products indices. It provides corresponding examination

methods for disinfection by-products indices.

——Part 11: Disinfectants indices. It provides corresponding examination methods for

disinfectants indices.

III

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——Part 12: Microbiological indices. It provides corresponding examination methods for

microbiological indices.

——Part 13: Radiological indices. It provides corresponding examination methods for

radiological indices.

IV

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Standard examination methods for drinking

water - Part 12: Microbiological indices

1 Scope

This document describes the methods for determination of standard plate-count bacteria,
total coliforms, thermotolerant coliform bacteria, Escherichia coli, Giardia,
Cryptosporidium, Enterococcus and Clostridium perfringens in drinking water and water
sources.

This document is applicable to the determination of microbiological indices in drinking

water and water sources.

2 Normative references

The following documents contain requirements which, through reference in this text,
constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.

GB 4789.28 National food safety standard - Food microbiological examination - Quality

requirements for medium and reagents
GB/T 6682 Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods
GB 19489 Laboratories - General requirements for biosafety

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

3.1
standard plate-count bacteria
number of microbial colonies in 1mL of water sample after incubation for a certain period
of time under certain conditions

3.2
total coliforms
a group of aerobic and facultative anaerobic non-spore-forming Gram-negative bacillus
capable of fermenting lactose, producing acid and gas within 24h of incubation at 37℃

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3.3
thermotolerant coliform bacteria
a group of aerobic and facultative anaerobic non-spore-forming Gram-negative bacillus
capable of fermenting lactose, producing acid and gas within 24h of incubation at 44.5℃

3.4
Escherichia coli
a group of non-spore-forming Gram-negative brevibacterium capable of fermenting
various sugars, producing acid and gas, flagellating all over the body and moving, which is
usually found in the intestines and feces of humans and warm-blooded animals

3.5
Giardia
protozoan parasite found in water or other media, which can infect humans and cause
diseases

Note: Giardia cysts are elliptical, with a length of 8μm~14μm and a width of 7μm~10μm. There are two
nuclei in initial cysts, and four in mature cysts.

3.6
Cryptosporidium
protozoan parasite found in water or other media, which can infect humans and cause
diseases

Note: Cryptosporidium oocysts are slightly elliptical and round, with a diameter of 4μm to 8μm. There are
four nuclei in mature oocysts.

3.7
Enterococcus
a type of facultative anaerobic non-spore and non-capsule-forming Gram-positive cocci in
pairs or in chains, belonging to Group D Streptococci, typically present in the intestines
and feces of humans and warm-blooded animals

3.8
Clostridium perfringens
a type of anaerobic spore-forming Gram-positive bacilli capable of reducing sulfite,
typically present in the intestines and feces of humans and warm-blooded animals

3.9
most probable number; MPN
number of target microorganisms present in a certain volume of samples, i.e., the most
probable number of target microorganisms per unit volume, estimated based on the
number of positive target microorganisms produced by incubation of a certain volume of
samples with different dilutions, using the principle of statistics and according to the
Poisson distribution

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