1.

1 Vocabulary
Exercise 1
1
go
2
person
3
further
4
prove
5
course
Exercise 2
1
people
2
bachelor’s
3
skips
4
further
5
successful
Exercise 3
1
went
2
fell
3
go
4
gave
5
major
6
settle
Exercise 4
1
settle down
2
fallen behind
3
go on to
4
scraped through
5
major in
6
give up on
Exercise 5
1
gifted
2
lenient
3
self-disciplined
4
bully
5
swot
6
strict
7
dyslexic
Exercise 6
1
self-disciplined
2
swot
3
dyslexic
4
strict
5
disruptive
6
bullies
7
gifted
Exercise 7
1
give
2
knowledge
3
sit
4
passion
5
enrol
6
interest
7
dissertation
8
field
9
expelled
10
scholarship
Exercise 8
1
C
2
A
3
A
4
B
5
B
6
C
7
B
8
C
9
A
10
C
1.2 Grammar
Exercise 1
1
use
2
not
3
would
4
use
Exercise 2
Tick box 2
Exercise 3
1
’s always talking
2
were always playing
3
’re always putting
4
are you always hanging
Exercise 4
1
put – e
2
make – c
3
have – a
4
read – d
5
see – b
REMEMBER BETTER
1
make eye contact with
2
put (her bilingualism) to gooduse
3
had an effect on
4
take (electricity) for granted
5
see the big picture
Exercise 5
1
lose
2
fell
3
regained
4
came
5
suffer
6
recovered
7
remain
8
struck
9
feel
10
acquire
11
sharpen
Exercise 6
1
brainwave
2
the brains behind (inventing)
3
racking my brains
4
brainstorm
5
brainy
1.5 Grammar
Exercise 1
1
a
2
b
3
a and b
4
b
Exercise 2
1
to laugh
2
to meet
3
to recycle
4
working
5
talking
Exercise 3
1A
b
1B
a
2A
a
2B
b
3A
a
3B
b
4A
b
4B
a
Exercise 4
1
hearing Mum and Dad talking
2
trying to get
3
stop thinking
4
forgotten to do
5
tried counting
Exercise 5
1
to meet – meeting
2
not leave – not to leave
3
having – to have
4
breaking – break
5
to turn – turning
6
to switch – switch
1.6 Speaking
Exercise 2
1
e
2
d
3
a
4
b
5
c
6
f
Exercise 3
1
tell
2
by
3
Clearly
4
chances
5
having
6
definitely
7
about
Exercise 4
1
are
2
performed
3
used
4
didn’t use to
5
would
Exercise 5
1
is always biting
2
used to be
3
will (always) leave
4
would pick and eat
Exercise 6
1
A
2
C
3
B
4
A
5
B
6
C
1.3 Listening LanguagePractice
Exercise 1
1
have
2
have
3
I’ve seen
4
I‘ve
5
could have
Exercise 2
1
losing
2
confused
3
recall
4
remember
5
manages
Exercise 3
1
back
2
escape
3
heart
4
bear
5
draw
6
bell
Exercise 4
1
think back
2
Bear in mind
3
learn, by heart
4
drawing a blank
5
ring a bell
6
slipped my mind
Exercise 5
1
vivid
2
photographic
3
earliest
4
lost
5
sieve
6
vague
7
jogged
1.4 Reading
Exercise 1
3
(Because it is the only one broadenough to apply to the wholearticle.)Not 1 because Kim Peek
is theperson on whom Rain Man wasbased.Not 2 because the article is aboutmore than just Daniel’s
recitation ofpi.
Exercise 2
1
E
2
B
3
F
4
A
5
D
Exercise 3
1
F
2
T
3
T
4
T
5
T
6
F
7
F
Exercise 4
1
For this reason I feel
2
To be honest
3a
In my opinion
3b
That’s why I think
4a
intend
4b
Actually
a
3
b
2
c
1
d
4
1.7 Use of English
Exercise 1
1a
F
1b
I
2a
I
2b
F
3a
F
3b
I
4a
I
4b
F
5a
I
5b
F
6a
F
6b
I
7a
I
7b
F
8a
F
8b
I
Exercise 2
1
return
2
dressed
3
unlikely
4
Additional
5
graduated
Exercise 3
1
enter / go into / use / access
2
anyone / anyone else / anotherperson / other people
3
stolen/damaged
4
let us
5
every year / each year
6
of
7
bring (them) back
8
late
9
weekdays
10
may/might
11
check / check out / visit
Exercise 4
1
up
2
order
3
come
4
used
5
if/though
6
field
Exercise 5
1
C
2
C
3
A
4
B
5
D
6
D
7
B
8
D
Exercise 6
1
tried to convince her to change
2
were always causing trouble
3
might have just made
4
can’t help biting my nails
5
used to stand up
6
to recover from the injury
Exercise 7
1
lets me use
2
a memory like a sieve
3
is the brains behind/is the brainsbehind organising
4
advise people to walk / advisewalking
5
use to do
1.8 Writing
Exercise 1
1
incorrect – A CV should be 1–2pages long.
2
correct
3
incorrect – Avoid using fullsentences to make your CV shortand concise.

4
incorrect – Check if a photo isrequired in the country whereyou are applying for a job.
5
correct
6
correct
Exercise 2
1
proven ability
2
excellent command
3
skills
4
dedicated member
5
relevant knowledge
Exercise 3
1
meet
2
command
3
skills
4
user
5
of
Exercise 4
1
Student with a proven ability tomeet deadlines.
2
Excellent command of Spanishand German.
3
Well-developed communicationskills.
4
Competent user of computersoftware.
5
Dedicated member of a Frenchclub.
Exercise 5
1
e
2
c
3
a
4
d
Exercise 6
1
consideration – Tip 4
2
confident, suited – Tip 3
3
response – Tip 1
4
attend – Tip 4
5
welcome – Tip 2
6
apply – Tip 1
7
experience – Tip 3
Exercise 7
1
b
2
d
3
a
1.9 SELF-CHECK
Exercise 1
1
consciousness
2
disruptive
3
expelled
4
struck
5
brainy
Exercise 2
1
B
2
A
3
C
4
C
5
A
Exercise 3
1
scholarship
2
acquire
3
dissertation
4
major
5
sieve
Exercise 4
1
will walk – would walk
2
always were disturbing – werealways disturbing
3
used – use
4
correct
5
don’t used – didn’t use
Exercise 5
1
to go
2
let him choose
3
avoid revising
4
remind your brother to give
5
remember visiting
Exercise 6
1
B
2
C
3
A
4
C
5
B
Exercise 7
1
A
2
A
3
C
4
B
5
A
6
A
7
C
8
B
9
B
10
C
2.2 Grammar
Exercise 1
1
had run out – a
2
had fallen – c
3
had stolen – b
4
hadn’t brought – e
5
had never used – d
6
hadn’t booked – g
Exercise 2
1a
had been feeling
1b
had done
1c
had failed
1d
hadn’t worked
2a
had been cycling
2b
had he set off
2c
had been
2d
had been looking forward to
2e
had done
Exercise 3
1a
had been living
1b
had known
2a
had been sneaking
2b
had sneaked
3a
had been sleeping
3b
had slept
Exercise 4
1
had loved
2
had always started
3
had done
4
had put up
5
had been receiving
6
had correctly predicted
7
had heard
8
had been looking forward
9
had snowed / had been snowing
10
had gone off
Exercise 5
1
had attempted
2
had left
3
had been revising
4
had probably fallen
5
had finished
6
had been planning
2.3 Listening LanguagePractice
Exercise 1
1
more
2
characteristics
3
like
4
more
5
just
6
worse
7
much
Exercise 2
1
A
2
C
3
B
4
C
5
A
6
B
Exercise 3
The more passionate the love, themore activity there was in that area.
Exercise 4
1
The faster the car, the morepetrol it uses.
2
The longer the hike, the morewater you’ll need to take withyou.
3
The bigger the barbecue, themore sausages we’ll be able tocook.
4
The cuter the puppy, the morechance there is of finding ita good home.
5
The steeper the ski slope, themore falls and injuries there are.
Exercise 7
1
singing
2
brainwave
3
will
4
scraped
5
urge
Exercise 8
1
deepen
2
unconscious
3
photographic
4
achievements
5
proven
Exercise 9
1
advised me to study
2
remember hitting the tree
3
spent all day Reading books
4
is always messing around
5
used to attend
Exercise 10
1
to
2
used
3
always
4
brains
5
will
1.10 Skills Review
Task 1
1
F
2
D
3
A
4
E
5
H
6
BExtra sentences: C, G
Task 2
1
C
2
A
3
C
4
B
Writing Task
Students’ own answers
2.1 Vocabulary
Exercise 1
1
impatient
2
irresponsible
3
insensitive
4
unfriendly
5
unambitious
6
impolite
Exercise 2
1
trusting
2
witty
3
moody
4
affectionate
5
perceptive
Exercise 3
1
spontaneous
2
insecure
3
daring
4
witty
5
tactful
Exercise 4
1
self-centred, self-conscious,self-critical
2
good-natured
3
laid-back
4
short-tempered
5
strong-willed
6
level-headed
7
fair-minded
Exercise 5
1
fair-minded
2
laid-back
3
self-centred
4
kind-hearted
5
self-critical
6
short-tempered
Exercise 6
1
on – at
2
out – outside
3
herself – life
4
soul and life – life and soul
5
with – of
Exercise 5
1
out with
2
split
3
with
4
attracted
5
in love with
2.4 Reading
Exercise 1
F
Exercise 2
1
B
2
C
3
A
4
D
5
C
REMEMBER BETTER
1
competitor
2
darken
3
response
4
triumphant
5
protectiveness
6
dedication
Exercise 3
1
triumphant
2
dedicated
3
responsive
4
protective
5
competitive
Exercise 4
1
crouched down
2
grimaced
3
grip, manipulate
4
hesitated
5
gave a wave
6
let out a groan
7
flinched
8
flickered across
Exercise 5
1
stared
2
glanced
3
peered
4
was gazing
5
glimpsed
2.5 Grammar
Exercise 1
1
a
2
b
3
b
4
a
5
a
Exercise 2
1a
which
3a
who
4a
which
Exercise 3
1
b
2
c
3
d
4
a
Exercise 4
1
– (which/that)
2
who/that
3
, whose
4
– (which/that)
5
, which
Exercise 5
1
Prince William Bridge, built in2012, is the newest in the city.
2
There’s a Japanese death metalband playing at the club onSaturday.
3
Most of the buildings destroyedin the war have been rebuilt.
4
Pupils living in the hills have towalk several hours to get toschool.
5
cannot be rewritten
Exercise 6
1
who
2
Ø
3
that
4
where
5
which
6
whose

.6 Speaking
Exercise 2
2
expected, the presentation waslengthy and tedious.
3
I look back on that day now, Ialways smile to myself.
4
of a sudden we turned a cornerand there she was.
5
of the blue a car appeared on thehorizon.
6
turned out to be worth all theeffort in the end.
7
soon as we left, it startedsnowing heavily.
Exercise 3
1
1
2
4, 7
3
2, 5
4
3, 6
Exercise 4
1
place
2
Just
3
predictably
4
Fortunately
5
When
6
unexpectedly
7
enough
8
Without
Exercise 5
A
4
B
2
C
1
D
5
E
3
2.7 Use of English
Exercise 1
1
C
2
D
3
A
4
B
5
B
Exercise 2
1
laughter
2
ease
3
agreement
4
imagination
5
interest
6
requirements
Exercise 3
1
painfully
2
perfectly
3
deeply
4
highly/supremely
5
supremely/highly
Exercise 4
1
B
2
C
3
A
4
A
5
C
Exercise 5
1
extremely
2
delighted
3
your book proposal has beenaccepted for publication
4
whose
5
loud and clear
6
Please find attached
7
return
8
to contact
9
Yours sincerely,
Exercise 6
1
had forgotten to lock
2
a nasty habit of breaking down
3
didn’t use to share a
4
had been barking for ages
5
was raised by my parents
6
is always complaining about
Exercise 7
1
didn’t use to
2
after/when we had made
3
gave us permission to leave
4
had been planning the wedding
5
you tell me where
6
told me off for
7
should avoid eating
Exercise 5
1
Ø
2
which
3
whose
4
Ø
5
Ø
Exercise 6
1
B
2
C
3
C
4
B
5
A
Exercise 7
1
vivid
2
let
3
think
4
reach
5
wave
Exercise 8
1
interesting
2
unforgettable
3
insecure
4
obsessed
5
predictably
Exercise 9
1
the film had already started
2
she hadn’t been listening
3
had known
4
had won
5
I hadn’t been learning
Exercise 10
1
been
2
self-conscious
3
which/that
4
love
5
with
2.10 Skills Review
Tasks 1–4
Students’ own answers
3.1 Vocabulary
Exercise 1
1
slum
2
historic monument
3
fast-flowing river
4
bridge
5
waterfront restaurant
6
shopping centre
7
breathtaking view
8
canal
9
market square
Exercise 2
1
on
2
within
3
in
4
within
5
on
6
in, in
7
at
8
within
Exercise 3
1
space
2
nightlife
3
architecture
4
square
5
colours
6
development
Exercise 4
1
A
2
B
3
C
4
B
5
A
6
C
Exercise 5
1
c
2
d
3
h
4
a
5
g
6
b
7
i
8
e
Exercise 6
1
on-street
2
lanes
3
zones
4
cobbled
5
rolling
6
network
Exercise 8
1
used
2
to
3
who/that
4
for
5
had
6
which
7
by
8
even
2.8 Writing
Exercise 1
1
question
2
summarising
3
define
4
anecdote
5
develop
6
personal
7
think
8
formal
Exercise 2
1
d–B
2
a–C
3
e–D
4
c–A
5
b–D
Exercise 3
1
B followed by F
2
H followed by D
3
G followed by E
Exercise 4
B
followed by F
Exercise 5
2
I had
3
mistakenly
4
returned
5
thanked him
6
nearly a year later
7
we had
8
the best of friends
Exercise 6
1
Having never had a female friendbefore,
2
Spending so much of their timetogether,
3
Having gained each other’s trust,
4
Being interested in the samethings,
Exercise 7
1
Having grown up
2
Spending
3
checking
2.9 SELF-CHECK
Exercise 1
1
full
2
intellectual
3
hesitated
4
crouched
5
perceptive
Exercise 2
1
glanced
2
fell
3
gazed
4
swallowed
5
grimaced
Exercise 3
1
short-tempered
2
split up
3
life and soul of the party
4
self-centred
5
at ease
Exercise 4
1
had already started
2
had been snowing
3
had been working
4
talked
5
had known
Exercise 7
1
C
2
B
3
A
4
C
5
C
Exercise 8
1
on – in
2
cycling – cycle
3
at – on
4
house – home
5
historical – historic
3.2 Grammar
Exercise 1
1
’ll be watching
2
’ll have found out
Exercise 2
1
’ll have finished
2
won’t have been
3
will have started
4
’ll have been waiting
5
will have been living
6
’ll be eating
Exercise 3
1a
In July people will be shoppingthere.
1b
By Christmas, the centre will havebeen operating for six months.
2a
At 11 p.m. the first horror film willhave finished.
2b
By midnight, the audience will bewatching the second film./Bymidnight, the audience will
havewatched the second film.
2c
By 4 a.m., the audience will havebeen sitting in the cinema foreight hours.
Exercise 4
1
will be living
2
will have constructed
3
will be designing
4
will have been using
5
will have become
6
will be recycling
Exercise 5
1
C
2
B
3
B
4
A
5
A
6
B
3.3 Listening LanguagePractice
Exercise 1
1
of British people
2
any of their neighbours
3
residents of Springhill co-housing project
4
the southwest of England
5
housing development ofthirty-five homes
Exercise 2
2
affordable
3
latest
4
daily
5
well-established
6
neighbourly
7
communal
Exercise 3
1
well-established
2
latest
3
affordable
4
sustainable
5
daily
6
neighbourly
Exercise 4
1
costly, extravagant, overpriced
2
infrequent, irregular, occasional
3
cold, hostile, unsociable
4
temporary, damaging, wasteful
Exercise 5
Students’ own answers
Exercise 6
1
multi-storey
2
housing
3
residential
4
second
5
household
6
self-contained
7
domestic
3.4 Reading
Exercise 1
2
Exercise
2
1
D
2
A
3
E
4
B
Exercise 3
1
F
2
T
3
F
4
F
5
F
6
T
Exercise 4
1
staggering
2
mortgage
3
tight
4
shrinking
5
prioritise
6
considerably
Exercise 5
1
prioritise
2
staggering
3
tight
4
minimally
5
mortgage
6
shrinking
Exercise 6
1
draughty
2
damp
3
fireplace
4
fitted
5
running
6
en suite
7
cramped
8
snug
9
inaccessible
10
canvas
Exercise 7
1
wits
2
hairy
3
company
4
tea
5
second
6
preach
7
cool
3.5 Grammar
Exercise 1
1
very little
2
many
3
A lot
4
too much
5
too many
Exercise 2
1
A couple of
2
many of the people
5
none of the ink
Exercise 3
1
B
2
A
3
C
4
B
5
A
6
C
7
C
8
A
Exercise 4
1
there are several only children
2
so you can borrow either of
3
All (of) the people who attended
4
Every student
5
No animals
Exercise 5
1
Most of cafés – Most cafés
2
some these – some of these
3
Each the puppies – Each of thepuppies
Exercise 7
1
permission
2
healthy
3
Others
4
notifying
5
equally
Exercise 8
1
tested each other
2
look up to
3
stopped many tourists fromflying
4
am/was wondering if flats are
5
which I found
6
practise what she preached
3.8 Writing
Exercise 1
Tick topics 2, 4, 5 and 7
Exercise 2
1
urbanites
2
urban
3
rural
4
shrunk
5
disposable income
6
enrich
Exercise 3
1
Equally
2
further
3
persuasive
4
minuses
5
considered
6
Personally
Exercise 4
1
Likewise
2
Another
3
convincing
4
drawbacks
5
On balance,
6
As far as I’m concerned,
Exercise 5
1
E
2
B
3
C
4
F
5
A
6
D
Exercise 6
1
Although this suggests that lifein the city may be superior insome ways, there are definitelypros
and cons to metropolitanliving.
2
All things considered, despitethe fact that cities can be lonelyand dangerous places to live, Ifeel
the benefits outweigh thedrawbacks.
Exercise 7
1
Although
2
Even though
3
in spite of
4
Although
5
despite
Exercise 8
1
though
2
arguments
3
Similarly
4
Despite
5
Likewise
6
minus
7
balance
8
Personally
3.9 SELF-CHECK
Exercise 1
1
housing
2
vibrant
3
medieval
4
bustling
5
scenery
Exercise 2
1
on
2
of
3
within
4
All priests – All the priests/All ofthe priests
5
either of babies – either of thebabies
6
3
3.6 Speaking
Exercise 2
1
joking
2
halfway
3
settled
4
choice
5
convinced
6
agree
7
compromise
8
saying
Exercise 3
1
O
2
C
3
A
4
S
5
O
6
A
7
C
8
O
Exercise 4
1
No way!
2
know what you mean
3
could split/share
4
guess
5
What would you say if
6
absolutely right
7
If you agree
8
I’ll
9
why don’t we compromise
10
that’s settled
11
fully
3.7 Use of English
Exercise 1
1a
every one of them
1b
all the
2
both of them
3a
The whole
3b
every one of
4a
the others
4b
one of them
4c
another one
5
all of them
Exercise 2
1
both
2
whole
3
each
4
every
5
others
Exercise 3
1
C
2
B
3
A
4
B
5
D
Exercise 4
1
other
2a
whole
2b
every/each
3
other’s
4
another
Exercise 5
1a
to start
1b
had driven
2a
feel
2b
watching
3a
to go
3b
will be staying
4a
being
4b
are always talking
5a
entering
5b
departing
Exercise 6
1a
running
1b
which
2a
appliance
2b
another
3a
walking
3b
use
4a
who
4b
roar
5a
disappointed
5b
neither
4
in
5
at
Exercise 3
1
A
2
B
3
A
4
C
5
C
Exercise 4
1
will/’ll have been working
2
will/’ll be enjoying
3
will/’ll have owned
4
will/’ll be fitting
5
will/’ll have arrived
Exercise 5
1
either
2
no
3
none
4
deal
5
plenty
Exercise 6
1
few
2
every
3
the others
4
the whole
5
another
Exercise 7
1
will have finished the housingdevelopment
2
in spite of reminding/in spite ofhaving reminded
3
will be building the garage
4
will have been teaching children
5
a great deal of stuff
Exercise 8
1
home
2
reliable
3
running
4
wild
5
household
Exercise 9
1
will have escaped
2
the others
3
will be living
4
a couple of ideas
5
either of them
Exercise 10
1
cup
2
on
3
number/lot
4
Another
5
have
3.10 Skills Review
Reading task 1
1
B2 D
3
C
4
A
5
C
Reading task 2
1
B
2
B
3
A
Writing Task
Students’ own answers
4.1 Vocabulary
Exercise 1
1
bargain
2
sales
3
pick
4
special
5
charity
6
quality
7
last
8
fashion
9
vintage
10
designer
11
brand
12
reduced
Exercise 2
1
around
2
out
3
down
Exercise 4
1
such
2
so
3
such a
4
such an
5
so
Exercise 5
1
accused us of
2
such a disappointment
3
The fact is
4
urge you to
5
We were so humiliated
6
on behalf of
Exercise 6
1
humiliating
2
complaint
3
approached
4
to reason
5
threatened
6
investigate
7
to discriminate
8
response
Exercise 7
1
The experience was sohumiliating that we want tocomplain.
2
We received such terrible servicethat we won’t be coming back toyour restaurant.
3
The waiters took such a longtime to bring the food that it wascold when it arrived.
4
It was so unfair that we wereannoyed. / We were annoyedthat it was so unfair.
4.9 SELF-CHECK
Exercise 1
1
response – reputation
2
up – out
3
fly – flea
4
correct
5
key – chain
Exercise 2
1
fortune
2
broke
3
support
4
to shop
5
burn
Exercise 3
1
ends
2
belongings
3
impulse
4
sale
5
products
Exercise 4
1
Does he
2
Is she
3
hasn’t she
4
will you
5
didn’t he
Exercise 5
1
didn’t need/have to hire
2
mustn’t use / can’t use
3
shouldn’t have kept / ought notto have kept
4
had to cancel
5
needn’t have brought
Exercise 6
1
obliged
2
certain
3
banned
4
unlikely
5
succeeded
Exercise 7
1
have
2
myself
3
out/much
4
should
5
had
Exercise 8
1
A
2
C
3
B
4
A
5
C
6
B
7
C
8
A
9
A
10
C
5.2 Grammar
Exercise 1
1
was babysitting
2
worked
3
had left
4
had been
Exercise 2
1
is
2
you are
3
he was
4
look
5
not to
6
you
7
loves
8
to wait
Exercise 3
1
him whether the company hadfilled
2
me if I had
3
us whether we had both applied
Exercise 4
1
the company had beenattempting to target the youthmarket since the year before.
2
whether/if he could interview methere and then.
3
she gets a real sense ofachievement from her job.
4
he might miss the meeting thefollowing day.
5
to wait there.
6
not to forget to renew mypassport the following month.
7
how long I had beencampaigning for a change in thelaw.
Exercise 5
1
to be
2
the month before
3
had voted
4
had been chosen
5
might
6
will
5.3 Listening LanguagePractice
Exercise 1
a
to work
b
used to do
c
can’t
d
mustn’t
e
aren’t
f
can be
Exercise 2
1
f
2
b
3
d
4
a
5
c
Exercise 3
1
leadership
2
professions
3
creative industries
4
job titles
5
tourist guide
Exercise 4
1
a drop
2
sharp
3
constant
4
rapid
5
growing
Exercise 5
1
gradual decline
2
marked increase
3
unchanged
4
sharp drop
5
steady rise
Exercise 8
1
had better not spend
2
needn’t have paid
3
ought to have gone
4
are not allowed to park
5
are bound to go
Exercise 9
1
haven’t they
2
needn’t have used
3
banned from going
4
another one
5
ought to have bought
Exercise 10
1
C
2
A
3
D
4
B
5
D
4.10 Skills Review
Tasks 1–4
Students’ own answers
5.1 Vocabulary
Exercise 1
1
manual
2
badly-paid
3
part-time, voluntary
4
office
5
well-paid
6
full-time
Exercise 2
1
speak – g
2
increase – a
3
achieve – i
4
enter – f
5
reach – j
6
put – d
7
improve – h
8
work – b
9
do – e
Exercise 3
1
put
2
think
3
speak
4
achieve
5
work
6
do
7
increase
8
improving
9
reaching
Exercise 4
1
long hours
2
from home
3
outdoors
4
hands
5
abroad
6
fired
7
resigned
8
in
Exercise 5
1
A
2
C
3
C
4
B
5
A
6
A
7
C
Exercise 6
1
has burned/burnt out
2
put off
3
kept at
4
mapped out
5
get down to
6
has been working towards
7
has set out
Exercise 7
1
punctual
2
single-minded
3
enthusiastic
4
overworked
5
conscientious
6
purposeful
5.4 Reading
Exercise 1
2
Technology news
Exercise 2
3
&4
Exercise 3
1
A
2
C
3
D
4
B
5
C
Exercise 4
1
F
2
F
3
T
4
F
5
T
6
T
Exercise 5
1
in – e
2
of – a
3
at – c
4
between – b
5
out – d
Exercise 6
1
at hand
2
in good stead
3
phasing out
4
bridge the gap between
5
a thing of
Exercise 7
1
job-sharing
2
flexitime
3
part-timer
4
counsellor
5
career guidance
6
thrive
7
freelancer
8
workplace
9
workforce
Exercise 8
1
be
2
lacks
3
found
4
focus
5
are
6
has
5.5 Grammar
Exercise 1
1
suggested
2
pointed out
3
explained
4
replied
Exercise 2
1
being
2
to pay
3
them to give
4
that he would increase
5
of
6
wearing
Exercise 3
1
The sergeant ordered his mennot to shoot unless they wereshot at.
2
I begged her not to contact myparents, but she ignored me andcalled my mum.
3
Even though we’ve been friendsfor years, they haven’t invited us/me to their wedding.
4
Taylor apologised for being sogrumpy and explained that shewas very tired.
5
I only had a couple of pounds,but thankfully the managerinsisted on paying for my taxihome.
6
Jasmine didn’t object to spicyfood, as long as it wasn’tridiculously hot
Exercise 4
1
advised us not to work for free/that we shouldn’t work for free
2
congratulated me on getting the job
3
urged her to visit us again thefollowing month.
4
reminded them to count themoney that night/that theyshould count the money thatnight.
5
admitted forgetting to place theorder the day before/that he hadforgotten to place the
order theday before.
Exercise 5
1
of taking
2
to continue
3
that the weather would be
4
the forecast had caused
5
an American supermarket chainfor causing
6
he had missed
5.6 Speaking
Exercise 2
1
f
2
a
3
g
4
e
5
c
6
b
7
d
Exercise 3
1
I’ve no idea
2
there’s a problem with
3
Have you tried
4
make any difference
5
doubt that will work , but let’ssee
6
Why on Earth didn’t
7
are we supposed to do now
Exercise 4
1
the matter / wrong with it
2
should I know
3
should’ve thought
4
time
5
you tried
6
make any difference
7
solved
5.7 Use of English
Exercise 1
1
i
2
d
3
g
4
e
5
f
6
c
7
a
8
h
Exercise 2
1b
round to
1c
on with
1d
out of
2a
looks up to
2b
come up against
2c
stand up for
2d
make up for
Exercise 3
1
run-down
2
warm-up
3
downpour
4
clean-out
5
upbringing
6
off-putting
7
letdown
Exercise 4
1
dropped
2
letdown
3
came
4
grew
5
against
6
outset
7
down
8
with
Exercise 3
1
overworked
2
conscientious
3
single-minded
4
punctual
5
knowledgeable
Exercise 4
1
how long I had been looking for
2
he was flying to Canada thefollowing day
3
not to ask her
4
would have to buy
5
whether/if I was going tocommute
Exercise 5
1
insisted on preparing
2
suggested that we (should) wear
3
explained (that) they had beendoing research
4
apologised for not being able toget
5
reminded me that they weredecorating
Exercise 6
1
A
2
C
3
B
4
B
5
A
Exercise 7
1
denied breaking the photocopier
2
to have forgotten my CV
3
reminded me to turn off
4
should have asked first
5
in terms of motivation
Exercise 8
1
B
2
C
3
C
4
A
5
C
Exercise 9
1
tied up with
2
grow out of
3
find his niche
4
lacks purpose
5
get round to
Exercise 10
1
D
2
B
3
C
4
D
5
A
5.10 Skills Review
Task 1
1
D
2
C
3
D
4
A
5
B
6
C
7
D
8
A
9
B
10
C
Task 2
1
A
2
C
3
A
Writing Task
Students’ own answers
6.1 Vocabulary
Exercise 1
1
news blogs
2
reality TV
3
drama series
4
feeds
Exercise 2
1
series, media
2
reality
3
apps, blogs
4
local, editorials
5
clips, streaming
6
share
7
podcast
Exercise 3
1
misinform
2
agenda
3
fake
4
tamper
Exercise 5
1
told
2
lots/plenty/loads
3
must
4
fancy
5
to
6
out
7
another
8
why
Exercise 6
1
suggested that we (should)
2
should have read
3
warned me not to spend/warnedme against spending
4
is likely to reply
5
tend to rise more slowly
6
each of them was
Exercise 7
1
stopped receiving (such)expensive gifts
2
in which they were the main
3
must have told him
4
used to look
5
she had caught a cold
Exercise 8
1
unwilling
2
difference
3
visitor
4
enthusiastic
5
adds
5.8 Writing
Exercise 1
1
aspects
2
discuss
3
support
4
examples
5
opposing
6
restate
7
comment
Exercise 2
Express certainty:
Undoubtedly,Undeniably, Without doubt
Describe consequences:
… thiscould also lead to … , As a result …, the outcome of (working less) …
Exercise 3
1
g
2
b
3
f
4
a
5
d
6
c
Exercise 4
1
choice
2
(all are correct)
3
results
4
cause
5
outcome
Exercise 5
1
consider
2
in terms of
3
no doubt
4
result in
5
examine this issue
6
While
7
believe
8
conclusion
5.9 SELF-CHECK
Exercise 1
1
output
2
goals
3
day
4
mind
5
heart
Exercise 2
1
carry out
2
burned/burnt out
3
got down to
4
put off
5
keep at
5
Manipulating
6
face
7
accuracy
8
evaluate
9
facts
10
instincts/intuition
Exercise 4
1
information
2
commitment
3
source
4
gain
5
feeling
6
story
Exercise 5
1
critically
2
knowingly
3
remarkably
4
closely
5
deliberately
Exercise 6
1
closely
2
alarmingly
3
remarkably
4
critically
5
knowingly
Exercise 7
1
A
2
C
3
A
4
C
5
B
Exercise 8
1
tampered on with
2
Pay closely close attention
3
commercial gaining gain
4
the catch-eye eye-catching story
5
publishing alarmingly alarmingstories
6.2 Grammar
Exercise 1
1
c, ’ll
2
a, would
3
b, hadn’t
4
d, doesn’t grow
Exercise 2
1
provided/providing
2
unless
3
Unless
4
Provided/Providing
5
provided/providing
6
unless
Exercise 3
1
Suppose the Apollo moonlandings had been fake
2
Supposing I said I didn’t want togo to university
3
Imagine we didn’t have to go toschool today
4
Imagine you had been born fiftyyears ago
5
Imagine you could have any job
Exercise 4
a
4
b
1
c
3
d
2
e
5
Exercise 5
1
Should I not return
2
Was/Were Helen not sotwo-faced
3
Had the announcement not beenso ill-timed
4
Should you see Meredith
5
Were/Was it not summer
Exercise 6
1
Unless
2
Had
3
provided
4
were
5
Imagine
6
would
6.3 Listening LanguagePractice
Exercise 1
1
for
2
on/about
3
through
4
on/for
5
about
6
about
7
through
8
about
Exercise 2
1
to stay
2
remain
3
using
4
to remain
5
writing
6
to achieve
7
to raise
Exercise 3
1a
fairness
1b
fair
2a
equal
2b
equality
3a
anonymous
3b
anonymity
4a
loyal
4b
loyalty
5a
mystery
5b
mysterious
Exercise 4
1
underlying
2
remain
3
commit
4
raise
5
make
6
strong
6.4 Reading
Exercise 2
1
(a) well-informed and educated(citizen)
2
exposed to / bombarded with
3
frightening or alarminginformation
4
live recordings
5
stress and anxiety
6
once or twice daily/a day
7
progress and solutions
Exercise 3
1
e
2
b
3
d
4
a
5
g
6
c(f is not used)
Exercise 4
well-informed, 24-hour,hard-wired, ever-increasing, long-term
Exercise 5
1
high-speed
2
left-handed
3
self-service
4
half-price
5
low-calorie
6
slow-moving
Exercise 6
1
dates
2
become
3
trigger
4
shake
5
made
6
has
7
gaining
Exercise 7
1
snaps
2
focus
3
sharp
4
blurred
5
lens
6
zoom
Exercise 3
1
user-friendly
2
24-hour
3
high-quality
4
snow-white
5
state-of-the-art
6
mouth-watering
Exercise 4
1
company car – car company
2
thirteen-years-old – thirteen-year-old
3
state-of-the-play – state-of-the-art
4
correct
5
broken – breaking
6
correct
7
kindly-hearted – kind-hearted
Exercise 5
1
foreign affairs
2
non-stop
3
far-fetched
4
make-up
5
tongue-tied
6
on-air
Exercise 6
1
to call me/that he would call me
2
will you
3
if
4
who/that
5
had started
Exercise 7
1
D
2
A
3
D
4
B
5
C
6
B
7
C
Exercise 8
1
much
2
such
3
in
4
Had
5
can
6
told
7
Unless
Exercise 9
1
unless I am absolutely sure
2
are bound to discover
3
would not have sold well if
4
congratulated Sarah on winning
5
should have checked
6.8 Writing
Exercise 1
1
director
2
influences
3
plot
4
characters
5
opinion
6
summarise
7
recommendations
Exercise 2
1
C
2
MP
3
I
4
C
5
MP
6
MP
7
I
8
I/C
Exercise 3
1
It is about TV shows.
2
Write a review of a show youthink everyone should watch.
Exercise 4
1
C
2
A
3
D
4
B
Exercise 5
1
predictable
2
opening
3
recommend
4
twists
5
influenced
6
well-reviewed
7
explores
8
performances
9
shot
7
pose
8
crop
9
retouch
10
airbrush
6.5 Grammar
Exercise 1
1
b
2
a
3
d
4
c
Exercise 2
1
a/c
2
b/d
3
b/c
4
a/d
5
a/c
Exercise 3
1
liked
2
had kept
3
would have
4
would have left
Exercise 4
1
a wouldn’t look b hadn’t beenairbrushed
2
a was/were b would’ve applied
3
a wouldn’t have driven b wasn’t/weren’t
4
a would have b hadn’t had
5
a would be b hadn’t forgotten
Exercise 5
1
she wouldn’t have met
2
Stewart had turned
3
you wouldn’t be
4
I had passed
5
he didn’t have
6
she wouldn’t have spent
6.6 Speaking
Exercise 2
1
Frankly
2
Sadly
3
Clearly
4
Regrettably
Exercise 3
1
R
2
W
3
U
4
W
Exercise 4
2
one obvious disadvantage is that
3
quite important, I think, because
4
well as reducing their energyconsumption, other thingsinclude
5
I don’t have a strong opinionabout
B
2
C
5
D
3
E
4
Exercise 5
1
explain
2
argued
3
Regrettably
4
firmly
5
Obviously
6
significant
7
advantage
8
suppose
6.7 Use of English
Exercise 1
1
weatherproof
2
check
3
casual
4
affairs
5
sea
Exercise 2
1
advised
2
editor
3
blow
4
sky
5
broad
Exercise 6
1
unforgettable
2
far-fetched
3
gripping
4
predictable
5
nostalgic
6
terrifying
7
well-reviewed
Exercise 7
1
concerned
2
drama
3
Set
4
plot
5
soundtrack
6
cast
7
conclude
8
scenes
9
enough
6.9 SELF-CHECK
Exercise 1
1
B
2
A
3
C
4
C
5
A
Exercise 2
1
manipulate
2
feeling
3
look into
4
evaluate
5
strong
Exercise 3
1
d
2
f
3
c
4
a
5
b
Exercise 4
1
C
2
A
3
C
4
B
5
A
Exercise 5
1
wouldn’t have stayed late if herboss hadn’t been angry
2
had a smartphone, she couldhave
3
I weren’t/wasn’t busy, I wouldhave sent you
4
hadn’t studied acting, hewouldn’t be
5
would have gone to the party ifwe weren’t
Exercise 6
1
would
2
wouldn’t know
3
if
4
would have read
5
Had we
Exercise 7
1
made-up
2
lived
3
advised
4
crack-down
5
News
Exercise 8
1
providing
2
alarmingly
3
has changed
4
were going through
5
would have helped/would help
Exercise 9
1
deliberately
2
popularity
3
breaking
4
commitment
5
had read
Exercise 10
1
Suppose she had not told us
2
would not be sitting
3
would never have employed him
4
were you not honest with
5
has a habit of lying to people
6.10 Skills Review
Tasks 1–4
Students’ own answers
7.1 Vocabulary
Exercise 1
1
astronomy
2
botanical
3
Biological
4
chemist
5
mathematician
6
Physics
Exercise 2
1
recognised
2
won
3
saw
4
gained
5
coined
6
awarded
7
received
Exercise 3
1
e
2
d
3
f
4
a
5
b
6
c
Exercise 4
1
have an aptitude for
2
named after
3
credited with
4
expert in
5
refers to
6
collaborate with
Exercise 5
1
RELATIVITY
2
EQUATION
3
ELEMENT
4
ATOM
5
NUCLEUS
6
CALCULATION
7
ELECTRON
8
RADIOACTIVITY
Exercise 6
1
atom
2
nucleus
3
electrons
4
radioactivity
5
equation
6
relativity
7
velocity
8
calculation
Exercise 7
1
c
2
d
3
a
4
f
5
b
6
e
Exercise 8
1
C
2
B
3
A
4
A
5
C
6
B
7
C
8
A
9
B
10
C
7.2 Grammar
Exercise 1
1
are created using a 3D printer.
2
is being designed by LodgeComputers.
3
was being used to solve a varietyof problems.
4
has been completed by fiftypercent of the students.
5
will be delivered within 48 hours.
Exercise 2
1
was approaching
2
have been
3
had been
4
have been
5
being
6
be
7
had
8
have been
6
People who cannot drive, forexample children and olderpeople. Thanks to driverless
carsthey would be able to drivethemselves to school or otherappointments. Parents
wouldhave more time too, as theywouldn’t have to drive their kidsto school in the morning.
7
Legal issues related to security,privacy and safety.
Exercise 3
1
break
2
behind
3
reverse
4
circles
5
winding
6
eight-lane
7
dealership
8
licence
9
run
Exercise 4
1
driving in circles
2
behind the wheel
3
diving licence
4
the school run
5
car dealership
6
winding country roads
7
breaking the speed limit
8
Eight-lane motorways
9
reverse parking
Exercise 5
1
depression
2
infection
3
allergy
4
immune system
5
autism
6
diabetes
7
asthma
Exercise 6
1
medicinal
2
response
3
advisable
4
regulations
5
harmful
6
benefit
7
digestive
7.5 Grammar
Exercise 1
1
felt
2
think
3
believe
4
agreed
5
expect
Exercise 2
1
There
2
It
3
It
4
There
5
It
Exercise 3
1
It is thought that
2
There is believed to be
3
It was agreed by
4
am expected not to be
Exercise 4
1
are known to have woken
2
are not believed to have been
3
there are understood to be
4
is considered to be
5
it is thought that
6
are caused by
7
It’s also said that
Exercise 5
1
has not – is not
2
companies thought – companiesare thought
3
There was known – There wereknown
4
was understood that have – wasunderstood to have
Exercise 3
1
being told
2
to be sent
3
to be treated
4
being taken over
5
being asked
6
to be beaten
Exercise 4
1
is being bought
2
is going to be given
3
has been promised
4
was offered to Brian
5
had been taught
Exercise 5
1
be
2
have been
3
was
4
were
5
to be
6
being
7.3 Listening LanguagePractice
Exercise 1
1
B
2
C
3
C
4
A
5
B
6
C
7
A
8
B
Exercise 2
a basicb top-of-the-range
Exercise 3
1
mid-range
2
premium
3
custom-made
4
branded
5
own brand
6
cutting-edge
7
user-friendly
Exercise 4
1
user-friendly
2
premium
3
mid-range
4
cutting-edge
5
own brand
6
custom-made
Exercise 5
1
wind (me) up
2
go in for
3
bring in
4
talk (me) into
5
comes out
6
throw in
7.4 Reading
Exercise 1
A
Safety
B
Parking
C
Free time
D
Traffic
E
Environment
F
Freedom
Exercise 2
1
Drunk driving, speeding/breaking the speed limit,reckless driving, racing, fallingasleep,
losing concentration,sending text messages whendriving.
2
Mobile phones/smartphonetechnology.
3
Reading, watching films, chattingwith family and friends.
4
Driverless cars could travel inconvoys with very little spacebetween them and
withoutunnecessary braking, whichwould mean less congestion.
5
Because congestion issues wouldbe solved, less green spaceswould have to be destroyed
tobuild new motorways.
5
People are said to be – There aresaid to be
6
is believed to passing – isbelieved to be passing
7.6 Speaking
Exercise 2
1
with
2
What
3
follow
4
meant
5
lost
6
understand
7
mean
8
precisely
9
pretty
10
saying
Exercise 3
1
S
2
C
3
S
4
C
5
S
6
U
7
S
8
C
9
C
10
U
Exercise 4
1B
I’m not sure I follow you
C
Yes, that’s exactly it
1
C
2
B
Exercise 2
A
What I meant was
B
Are you saying
C
That’s not quite what I meant
D
I’m not with you
3
D
4
B
5
C
6
A
Exercise 3
A
that’s pretty much it
B
I’m afraid you’ve lost me there
C
If I understand correctly, youmean
D
in other words
7
D
8
A
9
B
10
C
7.7 Use of English
Exercise 1
1
C
2
B
3
B
4
A
5
C
6
C
Exercise 2
1
practising
2
practice
3
breathe
4
affecting
5
advise
6
breath
7
effect
Exercise 3
1
economic
2
historic
3
conscious
4
occasion
5
continual
Exercise 4
1
Currently
2
complements
3
Eventually
4
compliment
5
fantastic
6
possibly
Exercise 5
1
economical
2
dependent
3
lately
4
advice
5
sight
Exercise 6
1
lately
2
ensure
3
reality
4
movements
5
disadvantage
6
reduction
7
undeniably
8
unlikely
Exercise 7
1
has been given to
2
are meeting Paula
3
unless he had made
4
the following week they/thestudents would learn
5
ought to have paid
6
is believed to have been
Exercise 8
1
B
2
B
3
B
4
A
5
D
6
D
7
A
8
A
Exercise 9
1
won’t have graduated fromuniversity
2
I would definitely have lookedfor/I would have definitely lookedfor
3
blamed her mother for leaking
4
the people (who/that) you work
5
wanted to know if/whetherstudents
6
were made to hand over
7.8 Writing
Exercise 1
1
E
2
B
3
M
4
E
5
M
6
M
7
B
Exercise 2
Scary/Full of suspense witha humorous ending
Exercise 3
735641
Exercise 4
1
unlocked
2
had never come across
3
didn’t make
4
were looking
5
hadn’t been working
6
couldn’t
7
would
Exercise 5
1
was shining
2
opened
3
weren’t watching
4
had been walking
5
appeared
6
Was it hiding
7
didn’t panic
8
hadn’t seen
Exercise 6
1
whispered
2
screamed
3
yelling
4
sobbing
5
snapped
6
sighed
7
giggling
Exercise 7
B, D, A, C
Exercise 9
1
regulate
2
beneficial
3
harmful
4
privacy
5
technological
Exercise 10
1
is said to have designed
2
are sold to the employees
3
not to be informed
4
can’t stand being controlled
5
advisable to establish
7.10 Skills Review
Task 1
1
(start to) feel inadequate
2
(simple) social actions
3
higher fees
4
way to identify suspiciousaccounts
5
have not been enhanced/filtered
6
small slice of real life
7
likes and followers
8
Deactivating your social mediaaccounts
Task 2
1
Some possible consequences ofspending too much time onphoto sharing apps are poormental
health, bullying, lack ofsleep and depression.
2
The writer is not surprised thatwe see things online that are nottrue because we live in a
world offake news and distorted truths.
3
You can increase the number oflikes you get by subscribing toa free service where
youcomplete a social action inexchange for likes.
4
Influencers get paid in relation tohow many followers they have, somay pay a fee in order to
getmore.
5
Having a lot of letters andnumbers in your usernamesuggests the account could befake.
6
People use the ‘no filter’ hashtagbecause most images you seeonline are enhanced in someway.
7
The article gives the example ofonly showing a small section ofa room, or a carefully
selectedpart of a view to highlight thatthings are not always what theyseem.
8
Experts would like the number offollowers and likes to be madeprivate or deactivated, as well
asa sign when an image has beenairbrushed.
Writing Task
Students’ own answers
8.1 Vocabulary
Exercise 1
1
global warming
2
climate change
3
water shortages
4
endangered species
5
renewable energy
6
solar panels
7
recycling bins
Exercise 2
1
D
2
A
3
C
4
E
5
B
Exercise 8
He picked up a brochure abouta cave. ‘You should visit it,’suggested the owner, who knew
theisland well. ‘What is there to see?’asked Robbie. ‘There are strangewall paintings and some
writingin a language no one understands,’he replied. ‘Wow!’ said Robbie.Suddenly, he was
interested. He wasstudying ancient languagesat university and was excited by theidea of
the mysterious writing. Hedecided to go the next day.Early in the morning, Robbie set off.After
hiking up a mountain, heeventually found the entrance to thecave. As he approached, he sawa
young woman there. ‘Hi. Have youbeen inside yet?’ he asked her. ‘Whyare you here?’ she
snapped. Robbiewas shocked. ‘Err … umm … I justwant to see the cave,’ he said. ‘Goaway!’ she
yelled at him. ‘This is myhome and I have come back aftermany centuries,’ she continued.
Exercise 9
1
B
2
C
3
A
4
C
5
A
6
B
7.9 SELF-CHECK
Exercise 1
1
named
2
with
3
coined
4
received
5
in
Exercise 2
1
contribution
2
reference
3
molecular
4
collaborate
5
aptitude
Exercise 3
1
threw in
2
come out
3
go in for
4
bring in
5
talked into
Exercise 4
1
being shown
2
to be encouraged
3
was known to have written
4
are estimated to be studying
5
It could be argued that
Exercise 5
1
being forced
2
have been charged
3
had been sent
4
to be installed
5
being criticised
Exercise 6
1
was thought that
2
is said to have had
3
were estimated to be
4
is claimed to cause
5
is known to have revolutionised
Exercise 7
1
B
2
D
3
A
4
B
5
C
Exercise 8
1
was expected not to reveal
2
is it being held
3
are known to be applying
4
can’t stand being reminded
5
was talked into buying
Exercise 3
1
biodegradable
2
contamination
3
food chain
4
irreparable damage
5
eco-warriors
Exercise 4
1
stream
2
plain
3
built-up area
4
orchard
5
foothill
6
meadow
Exercise 5
1
built-up area
2
orchard
3
meadow
4
ditch
5
ploughed field
6
stream
7
plain
Exercise 6
1
Natural habitat
2
Migration
3
Breeding grounds
4
hatch
5
extinction
6
thriving populations
Exercise 7
1
breeding
2
captivity
3
extinction
4
hatch
5
on
6
migration
7
natural
8
thriving
Exercise 8
1
C
2
A
3
A
4
B
5
C
6
B
7
C
8
C
9
B
10
A
8.2 Grammar
Exercise 1
1
were/was
2
wouldn’t upload/hadn’tuploaded
3
didn’t
4
would buy/had bought
Exercise 2
1
didn’t
2
are
3
didn’t
4
is
5
has
Exercise 3
1
drove (instead of me)
2
I had set
3
you bought your girlfriend
4
had learned/learnt to swim
5
not sit
Exercise 4
1
had been able to go on holiday/could have gone on holiday
2
had lived in a big city
3
didn’t live alone
4
weren’t/wasn’t so tired
Exercise 5
1
invested
2
could
3
made / could make
4
had spent
5
had begun
Exercise 6
1
you remembered hadremembered to lock
2
highly high time
3
I wish I would could remember
4
I’d rather of have stayed
5
I wish it is was/were Christmas
6
If only you had liked likedseaweed
8.3 Listening LanguagePractice
Exercise 1
1
natural
2
campaigner
3
powerful
4
shocking
5
playful
6
extremely
7
dependent
8
childhood
9
aggressive
10
mindlessly
Exercise 2
1
out of
2
closed
3
enquiring
4
back
5
fresh
6
on
Exercise 3
1
lose
2
fresh
3
Enquiring
4
on
5
out of
6
closed
Exercise 4
1
resemblance
2
misconception
3
undoubtedly
4
Competition
5
undervalued
6
reputable
7
adolescent
8.4 Reading
Exercise 1
2
Extinction
Exercise 2
1
C
2
A
3
B
4
D
5
D
6
C
7
D
8
A
9
B
Exercise 3
1
F
2
T
3
F
4
T
5
F
6
T
7
F
8
T
Exercise 4
1
widespread
2
partial
3
enormous
4
severe
5
revealed
6
herbivore
7
shrink
8
ancient
Exercise 5
1
eventual
2
widespread
3
severe
4
minuscule
5
carnivore
6
partial
7
shrink
8
ancient
9
revealed
Exercise 6
1
hurricane
2
wildfires
3
blizzards
4
earthquake
5
tsunami
6
gale-force winds
7
avalanche
Exercise 7
1
overboard
2
tale
3
ascent
4
poverty
5
note
6
conditions
7
injuries
8
storm
9
agony
8.5 Grammar
Exercise 1
1
If you don’t do any Exercise at all,I’m not surprised you feel unwellso often.
2
I’m sorry I was so rude to you.I’ve had a difficult day.
3
The question is, are you going todo it again?
4
I don’t know why on earth youdidn’t call me first to check.
5
I am absolutely convinced she istelling the truth.
Exercise 2
1
f
2
b
3
c
4
e
5
a
Exercise 3
1
happened was
2
have I
3
It’s
4
is that
5
we are
6
he did was
7
have the temperatures
8
do you
Exercise 4
1
It was a documentary abouta man snowboarding on aniceberg that distracted him.
2
What the film crew did was flyout to the North Atlantic byhelicopter.
3
What happened was theydropped the man onto the top ofthe huge iceberg.
4
All the man did was ride down itfor about half a minute, but theshots were amazing.
5
Never (before) had Ryan seenanyone snowboarding in such anunusual place.
6
What he found most impressivewas the effort that the wholeteam went to.
Exercise 5
1
C
2
A
3
B
4
C
5
B
6
A
8.6 Speaking
Exercise 2
1
contact
2
involved
3
notes
4
forget
5
invite
Exercise 3
1
You may be wondering why I’vechosen to talk about – d
2
We are probably all familiar with– a
3
You might not know that – e
4
That’s all from me – b
5
If anyone has any questions,please feel free to ask now. – c
Exercise 4
Beginning
2
D
3
C
4
E
5
B
Ending
2
E
3
C
4
F
5
D
6
B
8.7 Use of English
Exercise 1
1
irregular
2
impossible
3
unable
4
disagree
5
disbelieve
6
irresponsible
7
illiterate
8
inaccurate
9
unconscious
10
immature
Exercise 2
1
disallow
2
multi-coloured
3
misbehave
4
underpaid
5
pro-democracy/pro-democratic
6
overwork
7
anti-nuclear
8
pre-election
9
hypersensitive
10
imperfect
Exercise 3
1
irresponsibly
2
unmarried
3
undercook
4
disabled
5
unwilling
6
misinformation
Exercise 4
1
disobedient
2
rewritten
3
misunderstood
4
pre-installed
5
imperfection
6
multilingual
7
anti-acne
8
underfeeding
9
irrelevant
Exercise 5
1
overturn
2
rebuild
3
Renewable
4
substandard
5
irreparable
6
endangered
Exercise 6
1
A
2
C
3
C
4
C
5
B
Exercise 7
1
would rather you did not/didn’t
2
if I had not/hadn’t worked
3
they did was study
4
will have started
5
is thought to have been
6
only did we stay
Exercise 8
1
have
2
lots/plenty
3
which/that
4
used
5
each
6
What
7
to
8
in
Exercise 9
1
can’t stand being criticised
2
should have complained to
3
unless everyone stops dropping
4
both are thought to be
5
wish we had not/hadn’t lived
6
insisted on taking me
8.8 Writing
Exercise 1
2
I am
3
contacting you / Writing to you
4
newspaper
5
would like to point out
Exercise 2
1
2
2
4&5
3
3
Exercise 3
1
a
2
of
3
no
4
lead
5
so
6
even though
Exercise 4
1
such
2
Having
3
despite
4
Being
5
so
6
in
7
Without
8
Although
Exercise 5
1
There is such a serious watershortage that
2
even though it is a breedingground for turtles
3
global warming leads to climatechange
4
in spite of a severe drought / inspite of the fact that there wasa severe drought
5
The result of the decision is that
6
Without a doubt, new laws
7
As a consequence, half thevillage was destroyed
Exercise 6
1
That said,
2
While
3
nevertheless
4
actually
5
Having said this,
6
yet
7
even so
Exercise 7
1
actually
2
whereas
3
yet
4
That said
5
nevertheless
8.9 SELF-CHECK
Exercise 1
1
contamination
2
orchards
3
irreparable
4
single-use
5
chain
Exercise 2
1
ploughed fields
2
thriving population
3
built-up areas
4
extreme hunger
5
breeding ground
Exercise 3
1
gale-force
2
overboard
3
captivity
4
injuries
5
wild
Exercise 4
1
stopped
2
hadn’t thrown out
3
planted
4
hadn’t sold
5
had installed
Exercise 5
1
any no
2
Not Never
3
All What
4
There It
5
If Not
Exercise 6
1
would rather
2
could
3
What
4
Not only
5
Never
Exercise 7
1
unusually
2
hypersensitive
3
irresponsibly
4
improbable
5
incapable
Exercise 8
1
B
2
D
3
A
4
C
5
B
Exercise 9
1
only
2
have
3
high
4
only
5
that
Exercise 10
1
What Mark needs to do
2
wish we had preserved
3
‘d/would rather you thought
4
only we could join you
5
(before) have we dumped
8.10 Skills Review
Tasks 1–4
Students’ own answers
VOCABULARY BANK:EXERCISESPEOPLE
Exercise 1
1
upbringing
2
memory
3
elderly
4
background
5
second-hand
6
blood-red
7
frills
8
tea
9
jack
10
master
11
soul
12
passionate
Exercise 2
1
confidence
2
head
3
laughter
4
shoulders
5
brains
6
zone
7
centre
8
edge
Exercise 3
1
B
2
D
3
C
4
D
5
C
6
B
7
A
8
B
9
D
10
B
5
fees
6
scholarship
7
swot
8
major
9
dissertation
10
supervisor
11
degree
Exercise 4
1
gets top marks
2
swot
3
for
4
messed up
5
go on to
6
lenient
7
with
8
a fee
WORK
Exercise 1
1
in the field
2
novelist
3
suited
4
basis
5
position
6
part-time
7
experience
8
deadline
9
interview
10
references
Exercise 2
1
c
2
l
3
a
4
b
5
f
6
i
7
d
8
j
9
k
10
g
11
e
Exercise 3
1
fulfilling
2
a trainee
3
commute
4
job-sharing
5
volunteer
6
overworked
7
pressure
8
workplace
9
benefits
FAMILY AND SOCIAL LIFE
Exercise 1
1
on
2
down
3
up
4
up
5
off
6
up
7
out
8
down
9
out
10
up
Exercise 2
1
company, interest
2
host
3
undivided
4
hang, welcome
5
chance, common
Exercise 3
1
love at first sight
2
fancied
3
fell for
4
long-distance relationship
5
drift apart
6
proposed
7
have a baby
8
firstborn
FOOD
Exercise 1
1
F – No, they contain high levelsof protein.
2
T
3
F – No, you should put it in thebin. It’s dangerous to eat.
Exercise 4
curly-hairedfair-mindedlevel-headednut-brownself-obsessedthin-lippedwell-behaved
Exercise 5
1
firmly
2
clearly
3
unaware
4
imagination
5
feeling
6
risky
7
daring
8
astonishment
9
hairy
Exercise 6
1
T
2
F – No, if you hesitate, you waitbefore you do something.
3
F – No, you sob when you aresad.
4
F – No, when you peep, you lookat someone/something in secret.
5
T
6
F – No, when you whisper, yourvoice is low and quiet.
7
F – No, you hold it tightly whenyou grip.
8
F – No, yelling is like shouting.
9
T
10
F – No, you giggle whensomething is funny.
11
T
12
T
HOME
Exercise 1
spotlessrun-downlockwood burner cleaning solutionsrunning water clutter solar panels
Exercise 2
Down2
fireplace
3
basement
4
bustling
6
cramped
8
suburbs
Across5
fence
7
furnished
9
cobbled
10
shabby
Exercise 3
1
A
2
D
3
B
4
B
5
A
6
C
7
B
8
D
SCHOOL
Exercise 1
1
i
2
d
3
f
4
b
5
e
6
g
7
a
8
h
Exercise 2
1
pay attention
2
deepen my knowledge
3
handed in my homework
4
scrape through final exams
5
keep up with the rest of the class
Exercise 3
1
kindergarten
2
pre-schoolers
3
graduate
4
drop out
4
F – No, they choose their foodcarefully and don’t like to try newthings.
5
T
6
T
7
T
8
F – No, mouth-watering food isdelicious.
9
F – No, it is incredibly dangerous. You can get food poisoning.
SHOPPING AND SERVICES
Exercise 1
1
c
2
h
3
i
4
b
5
g
6
f
7
a
8
e
Exercise 2
1
afford
2
burn
3
opened, save
4
wasting
5
made
6
living
7
meet
8
transfer
Exercise 3
1
earnings
2
reductions
3
exchange
4
limited
5
affordable
6
behaviour
7
economical
8
financial
TRAVELLING ANDTOURISM
Exercise 1
1
company
2
facilities
3
camp
4
campsite
5
destinations
6
coast
7
path
8
directions
Exercise 2
1
embark
2
famed
3
guided
4
historic
5
cultural
6
tourist
7
sunbed
8
picturesque
Exercise 3
1
off
2
on
3
at
4
around/back
5
at
6
out
7
on
8
within
9
in
CULTURE
Exercise 1
mislead the peopleout of focuscrop imagesmorning showdouble-check factsprint-based
medianews anchor take a story at face value
Exercise 2
1
A
2
B
3
A
4
C
5
D
6
B
7
A
8
D

Exercise 3
1
audiences
2
success
3
spoilers
4
scene
5
plot
6
darker
7
twists and turns
8
gripping
9
villain
10
soundtrack
11
nostalgic
SPORT
Exercise 1
1
T
2
F – No, a raft is a small boat,usually used in rivers.
3
F – No, they always happen afterthe match.
4
F – No, you do a warm-up beforethe match.
HEALTH
Exercise 1
1
c
2
g
3
f
4
h
5
a
6
e
7
d
8
b
Exercise 2
1
habit
2
sunscreen
3
nasty
4
balance
5
addiction
6
harmful
7
check
Exercise 3
Across4
diabetes
6
asthma
7
obesity
8
disability
9
coma
11
unconscious
Down1
blind
2
depression
3
deaf
5
threatening
10
rash
SCIENCE ANDTECHNOLOGY
Exercise 1
1
invention
2
decompose
3
examinations
4
radioactivity
5
advancements
6
applied
7
recognition
8
contribution
Exercise 2
1
sat-nav
2
image
3
store
4
locate
5
unplug
6
switch
7
range
8
battery
9
take
10
parts
Exercise 3
1
b
2
g
3
i
4
c
5
a
6
d
7
f
8
h
THE NATURAL WORLD
Exercise 1
1
B
2
C
3
A
4
B
5
D
6
C
7
B
8
A
Exercise 2
1
impact
2
emissions
3
fur
4
Plastic
5
sustainable
6
tank
7
alternative
8
turbines
Exercise 3
1
T
2
F – No, these winds are strongand can cause damage.
3
F – No, it will be coming verysoon.
4
T
5
F – No, this is a blizzard andthere is so much snow that it’shard to see.
6
F – No, an earthquake causes theground to shake.
7
T
8
F – No, it means there is a lack ofwater because it has not rained.
STATE AND SOCIETY
Exercise 1
1
figures
2
awareness
3
peaceful
4
members
5
charity
6
leaflets
7
commitment
8
identities
Exercise 2
1
increase
2
up
3
producers
4
growing
5
political
6
industry
Exercise 3
1
g
2
c
3
a
4
d
5
f
6
b
7
i
8
h
CULTURE OF ENGLISH-SPEAKING COUNTRIES
Exercise 1
1
F – No, It is an island in the US.
2
F – No, they are both in England.
3
F – No, they are from Liverpool.
4
F – No, Notting Hill is known forbeing well-off.
5
T
6
F – No, it’s in New Zealand.
7
T
8
T
Exercise 2
1
c
2
f
3
d
4
b
5
a
6
e
Exercise 3
1
A
2
B
3
A
4
A
5
A
6
B
7
B
8
A
Exercise 4
1
Cape Town
2
Beefeaters
3
Ada Lovelace
4
Bilbo Baggins
5
The Ceremony of the Keys
6
Stranger Things
7
Marie Curie
8
Ronald Reagan
FOCUS 3 Grammar REVIEWPresent tenses – review
Exercise 1
1a
’ve never heard
1b
see
1c
eat
2a
are you doing
2b
’m making
2c
Do you think
2d
have you been boiling
2e
think
Exercise 2
1
Are food prices going up at themoment?
2
Have you ever cut your fingerpreparing food?
3
How often do you cook a mealfor the family?
4
How long have you been goingto this school?
5
How long have you known yourbest friend?
Exercise 3
1
think, tastes, don’t like
2
bakes, ’s probably making
3
doesn’t see, love
4
are you looking, Have you lost
5
’ve been doing, smells
Exercise 4
1
Do you run? – Have you beenrunning?
2
became – ’ve become
3
hasn’t cooked – doesn’t cook
4
don’t work – aren’t working
5
’re waiting – ’ve been waiting
Exercise 5
1
haven’t seen
2
thinks, hasn’t made
3
has been Reading
4
prefer
5
is taking
6
has written
Past tenses – review
Exercise 1
1
came, locked
2
had left
3
were talking
4
was riding
5
Had he ever coached
Exercise 2
1
were watching
2
reached
3
had climbed
4
was shining
5
pulled
Exercise 3
1
scored
2
were watching
3
hadn’t brought
4
had never beaten
5
had made
6
was training
Exercise 4
1
was already scoring – had alreadyscored
2
Had you remembered – Did youremember
3
was throwing – threw
4
were forgetting– had forgotten
5
didn’t listen – weren’t listening
6
Had you watched – Were youwatching
Exercise 5
1
was studying
2
scored
3
had won
4
was looking forward to
5
liked
6
had been
7
didn’t understand
Exercise 6
1
I didn’t know how to make a cakewhen I was ten.
2
Was it raining when you weregoing to school?
3
By the time we arrived at theparty, everyone had already left.
4
We were talking about her whenshe called.
5
She had never felt so happybefore she met him.
Future tenses – review
Exercise 1
1
f
2
i
3
d
4
b
5
g
6
c
7
e
8
a
9
h
Exercise 2
1
will have left
2
will make
3
are returning
4
Shall
5
You’re going to have
6
arrives
7
Will they have finished
8
won’t be working
Exercise 3
1
C
2
B
3
A
4
B
5
A
6
C
7
B
8
C
Exercise 4
1
will be waiting
2
will have started
3
will be sitting
4
will have eaten
5
will be doing
6
will have finished
7
will have arrived
Exercise 5
1
will be sailing
2
does … start
3
are going to go
4
am having
5
will answer
6
Shall … bring
7
won’t have moved
8
will drive
Exercise 6
1
is going to win
2
will ever live
3
are going to have
4
starts
5
am going6. will be studying
7
pay
8
will have read
Exercise 7
1
when I go
2
will have started
3
until you speak
4
are having a/their party
5
will be playing
6
as soon as you cook
7
are you going to do
8
unless you want
First, Second and Thirdconditionals,
wish
and
ifonly
Exercise 1
1
would’ve bought
2
’ll never remember
3
saw
4
’d known
5
sit
6
wouldn’t behave
Exercise 2
1
I wish/If only I could read music.
2
I wish/If only my sister wouldhelp around the house.
3
I wish/If only my dad didn’t haveto work long hours.
4
I wish/If only my sister would letme use her laptop.
5
I wish/If only my brother weren’t/wasn’t annoying.
6
I wish/If only my mum wouldn’tembarrass me in front of visitors.
Exercise 3
1
mum wouldn’t make
2
I had
3
my girlfriend would call
4
there was/were
5
I wasn’t/weren’t
6
Kerry wouldn’t tap
Exercise 4
1
could, ’d choose
2
loved
3
’d never have been able, hadn’tlent
4
could
5
don’t give, gets/will get
6
were, would you accept
7
had
Exercise 5
1
If I knew Arabic, I’d talk to him.
2
If only I knew how to help her.
3
If the weather in Poland hadbeen better last year, wewouldn’t have gone abroad onholiday.
4
Will you ask her to dance if shecomes to your party tomorrow?
5
He wishes his sister wouldn’tcome to his room all the time.
6
She wouldn’t be late every day ifshe lived closer.
Modal verbs for speculation
Exercise 1
1
must be
2
may/might not have understood
3
can’t/couldn’t have imagined
4
must have been
Exercise 2
1
Human beings may visit theMoon again one day.
2
There must be life somewhereelse in the universe.
3
Life could/might/may havearrived on Earth when anasteroid crashed into the planet.
4
We might not have landed on theMoon in 1969.
Exercise 3
1
must/might/may/could havemissed
2
might/may/could have got
3
can’t be
4
might/may/could arrive
5
might/may not even have posted
6
can’t/couldn’t have left
Exercise 4
1
can’t/couldn’t have approached
2
must be
3
may/might/could have been
4
may/might/could continue
2
In 1811 in Britain, nearly a quarterof all girls were named Mary.
3
More tea is drunk by people inthe UK than in any other country.
4
The Statue of Liberty was built inFrance.
Exercise 3
1
has just been stolen
2
won’t be built
3
were being cleaned
4
hasn’t been repaired
5
are being printed
6
were they told
7
are ordered
8
was this film directed
Exercise 4
1
had your phone fixed yet
2
doesn’t have his hair cut
3
didn’t have her teeth whitened
4
has her toenails painted
5
is having the tattoo removed
6
had her hair cut
Exercise 5
1
When did you last have your eyestested?
2
Will you ever have your haircoloured?
3
Are you going to have yourbedroom redecorated?
4
Have you had your ears pierced?
5
When did you last havea passport photo taken?
Articles
Exercise 1
1
a place
➜
the place
2
the famous actor
➜
a famousactor
3
a lunch
➜
lunch
4
the pound coin
➜
a pound coin
5
Swimming pool
➜
The swimmingpool
6
only music
➜
the only music
Exercise 2
1
Ø
2
a
3
an
4
a
5
a
6
an
7
a
8
the
9
the
10
a
11
the
12
Ø
Exercise 3
1
the
2
a
3
Ø
4
a
5
the
6
the, Ø
7
the
GRAMMAR: Train and TryAgainUnit 1
Exercise 1
1
they used to take her to the localpark every Sunday afternoon
2
would never/wouldn’t allow herchildren to stay up late duringthe week
3
use to enjoy going to schoolwhen you were younger
4
enables us to take part in ITcompetitions for schools
5
is always chewing gum in class
6
me forget to call the vet
7
force him to tell the truth
8
advised Ms Dodgson to starta new hobby
Exercise 2
1
came/would come
2
was always sitting
3
to get
4
was eating
5
realised
6
eating
7
to share
Exercise 5
1
She might be in her room.
2
She can’t be that old.
3
He may not have received it yet.
4
You must have left it at home.
5
You can’t be serious.
6
You might not want to hear this.
7
They could have overheard whatwe said.
Reported speech
Exercise 1
1
these, Do
2
started, ago, will, me
3
My, love, have, is, are
4
is, Don’t
Exercise 2
1
the manager would be there thefollowing/next day if I couldcome back then
2
the advertising executives werearriving that night
3
he had seen the new advert onTV for the first time that day
4
they were going to open the newbranch of their coffee shop thefollowing/next week
5
she was sorry, but my doctor’sappointment for that day hadbeen cancelled
6
she couldn’t promise anythingright then
Exercise 3
1
to taste the drink and thendescribe the flavour
2
if/whether I would like to try theirservice for free for a month
3
to contact them and let themknow what I thought
4
if/whether I had ever thought oftrying a different brand of lipstick
5
not to forget to take one pillbefore breakfast and the otherone before bed
6
who was going to pay for thedamage to her computer
Exercise 4
1
if/whether he was from that partof town
2
if/whether I liked going to thecinema
3
not to play in the kitchen
4
(that) I/we needed to get theassignment back to him by 4 p.m.the following/next day
5
to pick her up some of herspecial toothpaste from thechemist’s
6
(that) he had never boughtanything because of anadvertisement
7
if/whether my/our sister wasgoing to visit us that weekend
8
if/whether I would be so kind asto show her that photo
Passive forms;
havesomething done
Exercise 1
1
won’t be asked
2
was told (by his teacher)
3
was added
4
was sent to America (by myparents)
5
am being met (by my Americanfriend)
6
will always be remembered
7
was found, were being painted
8
are going to be posted
Exercise 2
1
Every year in the USA, around60,000 teenagers are sent toprison.
8
chewing/to chew
9
was eating
10
found
11
will give
12
to open
13
to pull
14
promising
15
would give
16
had already begun
17
to say
18
not to help
Exercise 3
1
was used to study – used tostudy
2
used to study – studied
3
afford buy – afford to buy
4
stopped calling – stopped tocall, to discuss – discussing
5
used – use
6
forgot – had forgotten
7
would forget – forgot, will– would
8
be stopped – have stopped
Exercise 4
1
do you get,
2
would, had to,
3
flew, would be,
4
longest, the, a,
5
thrown, fly
Exercise 5
Students’ own answers
Unit 2
Exercise 1
1
had
2
been
3
had
4
not/never
5
which
6
which/that
7
whose
Exercise 2
1
has never come – had nevercome
2
was trying – had been trying
3
what – which
4
stopping – who/that stopped
5
used to live – lived
6
bringing up – brought up/whoare brought up
7
passing – to pass
Exercise 3
1
stop
2
had been planning
3
turned up
4
that
5
were unable to
6
decided not to
7
which
8
impressed
9
attacked
10
them to have
Exercise 4
1
been
2
had
3
who/that
4
which
5
always
6
use
7
would
Exercise 5
1
had been waiting
2
had invited me to
3
(that) my sister is married
4
which really annoyed
5
will never forget meeting
6
we stopped to buy
7
are always complaining about
Exercise 6
Students’ own answers
Unit 3
Exercise 1
1
c
2
g
3
h
4
f
5
d
6
b
7
a
8
e
9
j
10
i
Exercise 2
1
Neither
2
Every
3
will have arrived
4
where
5
I’ll still be working
6
will they have been building
7
to let
8
had been waiting
9
will have been saving
10
made
Exercise 3
1
every
2
most of
3
was
4
little
5
few
6
number of
7
had been
8
a little
9
great deal
10
which
11
much
12
most
13
which
14
deal of
15
where
16
is
17
both
Exercise 4
Students’ own answers
Unit 4
Exercise 1
1
needn’t have cooked
2
did they
3
is it
4
didn’t need to get up
5
had better not call
6
Don’t they?
7
is there
8
had to
Exercise 2
1
not better – better not
2
must – had to
3
weren’t they – weren’t there
4
others – other
5
few – a little
6
they’ll be – they’ll have been
7
which teaching – teaching /which teaching – which teaches
8
to spend – spending
Exercise 3
1
f
2
c
3
g
4
e
5
a
6
d
7
b
Exercise 4
1
used to, to do,
2
both, neither
3
no, there
4
had been to
5
will you be using
6
the whole, Did
7
have you
8
to buy
Exercise 5
1
been, which, have/need
2
plenty/lots, had, the, have
3
forward, had,
4
had, which
5
are/were
6
asking, to
Exercise 6
Students’ own answers
Unit 5
Exercise 1
1
(that) his dad travels on businessso often that their dog hardlyrecognises him
2
breaking the glass, of doing that
3
she hadn’t told him that she hadbeen dismissed
4
if/whether I was happy with thefinal score
5
not saying anything to Jane/(that)we shouldn’t say anything toJane
6
me not to be late
7
on (our) leaving early thefollowing day/that we shouldleave early the following day
8
they might be late for dinner thatnight
9
if/whether she had been to theinterview the week before
10
if/whether she could borrow hismobile / to lend her his mobile
Exercise 2
1
who
2
managed
3
had
4
to
5
when/after
6
that
7
little/short
8
being/feeling
9
him
10
been/proved
Exercise 3
1
spending
2
was hoping
3
was saving up
4
which
5
advised
6
should have listened
7
hadn’t been expecting
8
praised
9
will have been working
10
worked out
Exercise 4
1
can’t – couldn’t
2
what was her email address– what her email address was
3
to travelling – to travel, seem do– seem to do
4
ought not have taken – ought notto have taken
5
that John had been to it – thatJohn had been to
Exercise 5
Students’ own answers
Unit 6
Exercise 1
1
didn’t have
2
wouldn’t have come
3
might have gone
4
were
5
Imagine
6
wouldn’t be
7
wouldn’t still be
8
you’d remembered
9
Unless
10
Had she let me know
Exercise 2
1
few
2
of
3
that
4
had
5
them
6
which
7
don’t
8
saying
9
the
10
were
11
both/each
12
to
13
who
14
unless
Exercise 3
1
Suppose
2
that
3
others
4
many
5
suggested
6
drank
7
insist
8
not to drink
9
don’t have to,
10
providing
Exercise 4
Students’ own answers
Unit 7
Exercise 1
1
We were made to switch off ourmobiles (by the teacher).
2
That problem can’t be solved.
3
Has Ms Johnson been sent theletter?/Has the letter been sentto Ms Johnson?
4
She will have been given thenews by now./The news will havebeen given to her by now.
5
The robber must have alreadybeen caught (by the police).
6
Prices are said to have risendramatically.
7
I hate being asked my age.
8
She wanted to be invited to theparty.
9
The chairman is expected toresign next week.
10
It is being suggested (that) thesituation won’t improve.
Exercise 2
1
have been searching
2
to find
3
to be
4
was found
5
admitted
6
had decided
7
had been described
8
shouldn’t have
9
was raised
10
left
11
who
12
are being carried on
13
warning
14
hadn’t launched
15
wouldn’t be
16
will be sailing
Exercise 3
1
were questioning – werequestioned
2
given them – given to them
3
made – be made
4
has thought – is thought
5
wouldn’t have taken – hadn’ttaken
6
been marrying – been married
Exercise 4
1
fancy losing,
2
can’t stand being told
3
claim to have come up
4
was invented/has been invented
5
promises to remove
6
insist that meals can be reduced
7
will have been removed
8
being eaten/to be eaten
9
is not expected to enter
10
urge us to limit
Exercise 5
Students’ own answers
Unit 8
Exercise 1
1
wanted was success
2
stopped annoying her/didn’tannoy her any more/didn’t keepannoying her
3
have we seen such careless work
4
did he seem to realise howimportant the discussion was
5
must this leak out to the press
6
wants to know is your time ofarrival
7
I hadn’t gone on that trip withthem
8
Julia had invited/had notforgotten to invite Richard to herbirthday party
9
that camera was/were cheaper/less expensive/wasn’t/weren’t soexpensive
Exercise 2
1
Should
2
does
3
to accept
4
accepting
5
would
6
didn’t
7
hadn’t
8
whole, all
Exercise 3
1
’d better take your cat to a vet
2
must have been stolen
3
is being opened tomorrowafternoon (by the President)
4
wish there was/were some coffeeleft
5
the police unless you get outimmediately
6
thought to have done it onpurpose
Exercise 4
1
should
2
which
3
are often thought
4
those kinds of
5
don’t have to
6
recycling
7
much
8
check
9
made
10
known
11
–
12
wouldn’t be
Exercise 5
Students’ own answers