CHAPTER 2
Acids, Bases
and Salts
ed
Multiple Choice Questions
1. What happens when a solution of an acid is mixed with a solution
h
of a base in a test tube?
pu T
(i) The temperature of the solution increases
is
(ii) The temperature of the solution decreases
re ER
(iii) The temperature of the solution remains the same
(a) (i) only
bl
(iv) Salt formation takes place
(b) (i) and (iii)
be C
(c) (ii) and (iii) (d) (i) and (iv)
2. An aqueous solution turns red litmus solution blue. Excess
o N
addition of which of the following solution would reverse the
change?
(a) Baking powder
(b) Lime
©
(c) Ammonium hydroxide solution
(d) Hydrochloric acid
3. During the preparation of hydrogen chloride gas on a humid day,
the gas is usually passed through the guard tube containing calcium
chloride. The role of calcium chloride taken in the guard tube is to
(a) absorb the evolved gas
tt
(b) moisten the gas
(c) absorb moisture from the gas
no
(d) absorb Cl– ions from the evolved gas
4. Which of the following salts does not contain water of crystallisation?
(a) Blue vitriol
(b) Baking soda
(c) Washing soda
(d) Gypsum
5. Sodium carbonate is a basic salt because it is a salt of
(a) strong acid and strong base
(b) weak acid and weak base
(c) strong acid and weak base
(d) weak acid and strong base
6. Calcium phosphate is present in tooth enamel. Its nature is
(a) basic
(b) acidic
(c) neutral
(d) amphoteric
ed
7. A sample of soil is mixed with water and allowed to settle. The
clear supernatant solution turns the pH paper yellowish-orange.
Which of the following would change the colour of this pH paper
h
to greenish-blue?
pu T
(a) Lemon juice
is
(b) Vinegar
re ER
(c) Common salt
bl
(d) An antacid
8. Which of the following gives the correct increasing order of acidic
strength?
be C
(a) Water <Acetic acid <Hydrochloric acid
(b) Water <Hydrochloric acid <Acetic acid
o N
(c) Acetic acid <Water <Hydrochloric acid
(d) Hydrochloric acid <Water <Acetic acid
9. If a few drops of a concentrated acid accidentally spills over the
©
hand of a student, what should be done?
(a) Wash the hand with saline solution
(b) Wash the hand immediately with plenty of water and apply a
paste of sodium hydrogencarbonate
(c) After washing with plenty of water apply solution of sodium
hydroxide on the hand
(d) Neutralise the acid with a strong alkali
tt
10. Sodium hydrogencarbonate when added to acetic acid evolves a gas.
Which of the following statements are true about the gas evolved?
no
(i) It turns lime water milky
(ii) It extinguishes a burning splinter
(iii) It dissolves in a solution of sodium hydroxide
(iv) It has a pungent odour
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (i), (ii) and (iii)
(c) (ii), (iii) and (iv) (d) (i) and (iv)
10 E XEMPLAR P ROBLEMS – SCIENCE
11. Common salt besides being used in kitchen can also be used as
the raw material for making
(i) washing soda
(ii) bleaching powder
(iii) baking soda
(iv) slaked lime
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (i), (ii) and (iv)
(c) (i) and (iii) (d) (i), (iii) and (iv)
12. One of the constituents of baking powder is sodium
hydrogencarbonate, the other constituent is
ed
(a) hydrochloric acid
(b) tartaric acid
(c) acetic acid
(d) sulphuric acid
h
pu T
13. To protect tooth decay we are advised to brush our teeth regularly.
is
The nature of the tooth paste commonly used is
re ER
(a) acidic
bl
(b) neutral
(c) basic
(d) corrosive
be C
14. Which of the following statements is correct about an aqueous
solution of an acid and of a base?
o N
(i) Higher the pH, stronger the acid
(ii) Higher the pH, weaker the acid
(iii) Lower the pH, stronger the base
(iv) Lower the pH, weaker the base
©
(a) (i) and (iii) (b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (i) and (iv) (d) (ii) and (iv)
15. The pH of the gastric juices released during digestion is
(a) less than 7
(b) more than 7
(c) equal to 7
tt
(d) equal to 0
16. Which of the following phenomena occur, when a small amount of
no
acid is added to water?
(i) Ionisation
(ii) Neutralisation
(iii) Dilution
(iv) Salt formation
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (i) and (iii)
(c) (ii) and (iii) (d) (ii) and (iv)
A CIDS, BASES AND SALTS 11
17. Which one of the following can be used as an acid–base indicator
by a visually impared student?
(a) Litmus
(b) Turmeric
(c) Vanilla essence
(d) Petunia leaves
18. Which of the following substance will not give carbon dioxide on
treatment with dilute acid?
(a) Marble
(b) Limestone
ed
(c) Baking soda
(d) Lime
19. Which of the following is acidic in nature?
h
pu T (a) Lime juice
is
(b) Human blood
re ER
(c) Lime water
bl
(d) Antacid
Bulb
6 volt battery
20. In an attempt to demonstrate electrical conductivity
be C
Switch
through an electrolyte, the following apparatus
(Figure 2.1) was set up.
o N
Which among the following statement(s) is(are)
Beaker
correct?
(i) Bulb will not glow because electrolyte is not
acidic
©
Nail
Dilute NaOH
solution
(ii) Bulb will glow because NaOH is a strong base
Rubber and furnishes ions for conduction.
cork
(iii) Bulb will not glow because circuit is incomplete
(iv) Bulb will not glow because it depends upon
Fig. 2.1 the type of electrolytic solution
(a) (i) and (iii) (b) (ii) and (iv)
tt
(c) (ii) only (c) (iv) only
21. Which of the following is used for dissolution of gold?
no
(a) Hydrochloric acid
(b) Sulphuric acid
(c) Nitric acid
(d) Aqua regia
12 E XEMPLAR P ROBLEMS – SCIENCE
22. Which of the following is not a mineral acid?
(a) Hydrochloric acid
(b) Citric acid
(c) Sulphuric acid
(d) Nitric acid
23. Which among the following is not a base?
(a) NaOH
(b) KOH
(c) NH4OH
(d) C2H 5 OH
ed
24. Which of the following statements is not correct?
(a) All metal carbonates react with acid to give a salt, water and
carbon dioxide
h
(b) All metal oxides react with water to give salt and acid
pu T
is
(c) Some metals react with acids to give salt and hydrogen
(d) Some non metal oxides react with water to form an acid
re ER
bl
25. Match the chemical substances given in Column (A) with their
appropriate application given in Column (B)
Column (A) Column (B)
be C
(A) Bleaching powder (i) Preparation of glass
o N
(B) Baking soda (ii) Production of H2 and Cl2
(C) Washing soda (iii) Decolourisation
©
(D) Sodium chloride (iv) Antacid
(a) A—(ii), B—(i), C—(iv), D—(iii)
(b) A—(iii), B—(ii), C—(iv), D—(i)
(c) A—(iii), B—(iv), C—(i), D—(ii)
tt
(d) A—(ii), B—(iv), C—(i), D—(iii)
26. Equal volumes of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide
no
solutions of same concentration are mixed and the pH of the
resulting solution is checked with a pH paper. What would be the
colour obtained? (You may use colour guide given in Figure 2.2
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Figure 2.2
A CIDS, BASES AND SALTS 13
(a) Red
(b) Yellow
(c) Yellowish green
(d) Blue
27. Which of the following is(are) true when HCl (g) is passed through
water?
(i) It does not ionise in the solution as it is a covalent compound.
(ii) It ionises in the solution
(iii) It gives both hydrogen and hydroxyl ion in the solution
(iv) It forms hydronium ion in the solution due to the combination
ed
of hydrogen ion with water molecule
(a) (i) only (b) (iii) only
(c) (ii) and (iv) (d) (iii) and (iv)
h
28. Which of the following statements is true for acids?
pu T
is
(a) Bitter and change red litmus to blue
re ER
(b) Sour and change red litmus to blue
bl
(c) Sour and change blue litmus to red
(d) Bitter and change blue litmus to red
29. Which of the following are present in a dilute aqueous solution of
be C
hydrochloric acid?
(a) H3O + + Cl–
o N
(b) H3O + + OH–
(c) Cl– + OH–
(d) unionised HCl
©
30. Identify the correct representation of reaction occurring during
chloralkali process
(a) 2NaCl(l) + 2H2O(l) → 2NaOH(l) + Cl2(g) + H2(g)
(b) 2NaCl(aq) + 2H2O(aq) → 2NaOH(aq) + Cl2(g) + H2(g)
(c) 2NaCl(aq) + 2H2O(l) → 2NaOH(aq) + Cl2(aq) + H2(aq)
tt
(d) 2NaCl (aq) + 2H2O (l) → 2NaOH (aq) + Cl2(g) + H2(g)
no
14 E XEMPLAR P ROBLEMS – SCIENCE
