EMPTECH ICT REVIEWER

Keyword Description

Ogburn’s Theory on Technology and Willian Fielding Ogburn, a sociologist, published a

Social Change (Ivy Panda, 2022) theory in 1992. Technology was the primary driving
force of social change and progress, but social
responses to it weakened it.

ICT as a Medium for Advocacy ICT is an effective instrument for promoting and
spreading relevant advocacies on social change. It
benefits from being online compared to and not
needing any extra effort to perform.

Social Change Social change is the adjustment in human

interactions that changes the established cultural
and social constructs, beliefs, and institutions.

Three Stages of Technical Development (Ogburn)

1. Invention The stage wherein new forms of technology are

developed.

2. Discovery refers to new ways of understanding and

perceiving reality.

3. Diffusion refers to the spread of technology from the point of

discovery to other areas.

The Role of ICT in Philippine History

1. EDSA and Cardinal Sin’s call to In 1986, then Manila Archbishop Jaime Cardinal Sin
action via radio broadcast made an urgent appeal to Filipinos to go to the
vicinity of Camp Aguinaldo. He delivered a message
on Radio Veritas to appeal to the public to protect
holed-up Juan Ponce Enrile and then-Armed Forces
of the Philippines Vice Chief of Staff Fidel Ramos.

2. EDSA II and the use of text EDSA Dos was a peaceful uprising in 2001 that
messaging to mobilize people overthrew Joseph Estrada as president. The
impeachment attempts to oust Estrada due to
plunder and perjury failed, which led to the
beginning of text brigades, as it was the quickest
and most inexpensive method of communication.

3. PhilAWARE application for PhilAWARE is an application that aims to increase

humanitarian response disaster reliance, reduce loss, and facilitate
 cooperation before, during, and after emergencies.

The Social Power of Social Media Social media is the best tool for spreading
advocacies and causes than other forms of
technology. Its features encourage interaction, such
as commenting and sharing, that continue the
conversation about which “side” is right or wrong.

Social Media Movements and Trends

1. 2019 Hong Kong Protests The residents used social media to share live news
feeds and action information as a tool in the battle
for public opinion.

2. ALS Ice Bucket Challenge Organized in 2014 to raise money and awareness
for ALS. The nomination method contributed to its
social media success.

3. Black Lives Matter Started in 2013 as an online community to combat

anti-black racism and police violence, using the
hashtag #BlackLivesMatter.

4. Me Too Movement Focused on sexual violence survivors, becoming

widespread in 2017 through high-profile actresses
sharing their experiences using #MeToo.

5. Million People March A 2013 protest in the Philippines calling to abolish

the Pork Barrel fund. It was the first rally
organized using social media.

How Social Media Helps Promote Social Justice

1. Coordinating Community Social media can create online spaces where people
Responses come together and find support.

2. Platforming Lived Experience Gives a platform to share the stories and struggles
of underrepresented groups.

3. Sharing Pictures and Videos Used not just for organizing protests but also for
documenting them to redirect the narrative.

Slacktivism Slacktivism combines “slacker” and “activism,”

referring to simple measures to support a social
movement online, such as signing petitions and
copying and reposting statuses and images.

Cancel Culture Cancel Culture is a divisive idea that can be

defined as a way of withdrawing support for public
 figures or companies over controversial or
scandalous acts and can be considered a form of
online shaming on social media platforms.

Project Requirements Are features, functions, and tasks that must be

accomplished to succeed.

Elements of a Scope Statement

1. Description It states the overview of the project. This part should

be concise and direct to the point while providing
enough details.

2. Deliverables The key features of a project. These are the

outcomes that should be produced to meet the
objectives.

3. Acceptance Criteria A specific set of conditions to achieve before

completing a project.

4. Constraints Set of limitations or risks of the project. Time,

money, and scope are known as the triple
constraints.

5. Exclusions A set of expectations that people might expect to be

included in the project scope but are not.

Techniques for Identifying and Gathering Requirements

1. Brainstorming A strategy to generate several ideas to help resolve

a specific task.

2. Nominal Group Technique A structured method involving identifying the

problem, generating solutions, and deciding the
best resolution.

3. Delphi Technique It collects opinions from a group through several

rounds of questions, repeated until consensus is
reached.

Audience Profiling (Rock Content, acquiring data and segmenting them into groups
2021) with similar behaviors to create personalized
campaigns and increase outcomes.

Survey Categories
1. Questionnaire A group-administered tool used to generate faster
response.

2. Interview A personal survey form allowing for follow-up

questions and in-depth understanding.

Four Stages of Audience Profiling

1. Segmentation Dividing the audience into specific demographics

(e.g., age, gender, location).

2. Messaging Establishes meaningful relationships and allows

for tailored messaging.​

3. Engagement Understands where and when the audience stops

engaging and allows retargeting.

4. Measurement Quantifies and qualifies project reach to help

improve future strategies.

Target Audience Profile A detailed breakdown of a specific type of

audience that the marketing efforts should reach.

Steps in Achieving a Target Audience Profile

1. Collecting Data Identifies demographics and common

characteristics.

2. Analyzing Psychographics Examines interests, attitudes, and personality

traits.

3. Combining Data Provides a targeted approach by integrating

demographics and psychographics.

Constructing the ICT Project The goal of constructing a project is to ensure that
everything progresses according to plan.

Progress Report A document that includes updates about a project

and allows everyone to stay informed.

Three Factors to Consider in Creating a Progress Report

Tone Should be clear and honest, avoiding defensive

language or withholding information.

Format Use a consistent template with structured headings

and subheadings (e.g., work completed, schedule).
Content 1. Subject Line – Title and date of the project.​
2. Introduction – Project title, status, and methods
used.​
3. Body – Cost, work completed, schedule, and
complications.​
4. Conclusion – Summary, delays, and
recommendations.

Content Marketing and Traffic Publishing any content signals that it has undergone
Monitoring the steps from conceptualization and audience
profiling to its construction and revisions.

Content Marketing It is a strategic approach focused on creating and

distributing valuable, relevant, consistent content
to attract and retain a defined audience.

Advertising Effects of Content Marketing

1. Awareness Published content on highly populated platforms

increases the possibility of being visible to a broader
audience through sharing.

2. Loyalty Loyalty of the audience assures repeat viewing and

interaction, building trust.

3. Authority Having authority means people look to your content

to form perspectives, so it's necessary to post
informational and correct content.

Search Engine Optimization (SEO) Search engine optimization (SEO) is done to

and Content Marketing optimize content relevance so it becomes easily
findable and popular for user search queries.
One element of SEO is keyword optimization
which uses essential keywords and phrases in the
title or content so search engines prioritize them.

Guidelines for Using Keyword Optimization

-​ Focus on 1 to 2 keywords to avoid “keyword stuffing”.
-​ Use keywords in the title; question-based titles are also ideal.
-​ Use long-tail keywords (three or more words) naturally in the content.

Traffic Monitoring It deals with tracking engagement that the content

is getting.

Primary Metrics in Traffic Monitoring

1. Unique Pageviews Number of distinct visitors (no repeats). Shows

interest in specific content.
2. Traffic Sources Metric Measures where uses come from:
-​ Direct (typed URL)
-​ Referral (from shared links)
-​ Search (SEO-driven)

3. Social Media Shares Shows how often content is shared, increasing

organic reach.

4. Other Social Media Engagements Includes likes, retweets, upvotes, etc. Shows user
sentiment.

Content Strategies that People Use

1. Paid Advertising Paying to increase reach:

-​ Paid Search
-​ Social Media Ads
-​ Banner Ads

2. Brand Collaboration Working with influencers to highlight content.

Feedback and Interaction Feedback and interaction take place between the
owners and their audience.
Feedback mechanisms such as surveys,
comments, and reviews help optimize the content.

Key Figures for Feedback and Interaction

1. Ratings A defined scale (usually 1–5 stars) to evaluate

content like blogs or podcasts.

2. Acknowledgements Non-verbal feedback (likes, upvotes, hearts, gifts).

3. Comments Textual feedback that can start discussions or

arguments (can be moderated).

Ways for Using Feedback and Interaction in Content Marketing

1. Creating content addressing Answers concerns in a public, searchable way.

questions

2. Sharing positive reviews and Acts as a testimonial and builds trust and loyalty.
comments

3. Tailored Interactions Personalized replies make audiences feel

appreciated and seen.

4. Improving campaigns and Listening to negative feedback can improve

promotions strategy and presentation.