The New Turks Pioneers of the Republic 192 195

Eleanor Bisbee download

https://ebookultra.com/download/the-new-turks-pioneers-of-the-
republic-192-195-eleanor-bisbee/

★★★★★
4.6 out of 5.0 (11 reviews )

Get PDF Instantly

ebookultra.com
 The New Turks Pioneers of the Republic 192 195 Eleanor
Bisbee

EBOOK

Available Formats

■ PDF eBook Study Guide Ebook

EXCLUSIVE 2025 ACADEMIC EDITION – LIMITED RELEASE

Available Instantly Access Library

 We believe these products will be a great fit for you. Click
the link to download now, or visit ebookultra.com
to discover even more!

Fall of the Roman Republic Plutarch

https://ebookultra.com/download/fall-of-the-roman-republic-plutarch/

Understanding Nutrition Australian and New Zealand Edition

Eleanor Whitney

https://ebookultra.com/download/understanding-nutrition-australian-
and-new-zealand-edition-eleanor-whitney/

Business of Civil War New Forms of Life in the Debris of

the Democratic Republic of Congo 1st Edition Patience
Kabamba
https://ebookultra.com/download/business-of-civil-war-new-forms-of-
life-in-the-debris-of-the-democratic-republic-of-congo-1st-edition-
patience-kabamba/

Psychedelic Prophets The Letters of Aldous Huxley and

Humphry Osmond 3rd Edition Cynthia Carson Bisbee

https://ebookultra.com/download/psychedelic-prophets-the-letters-of-
aldous-huxley-and-humphry-osmond-3rd-edition-cynthia-carson-bisbee/
From Tiberius to the Antonines A History of the Roman
Empire AD 14 192 2nd Edition Albino Garzetti

https://ebookultra.com/download/from-tiberius-to-the-antonines-a-
history-of-the-roman-empire-ad-14-192-2nd-edition-albino-garzetti/

The Forgotten Skills of Self Sufficiency Used by the

Mormon Pioneers Caleb Warnock

https://ebookultra.com/download/the-forgotten-skills-of-self-
sufficiency-used-by-the-mormon-pioneers-caleb-warnock/

The Economic System 1st Edition Eleanor Doyle

https://ebookultra.com/download/the-economic-system-1st-edition-
eleanor-doyle/

The Last Generation of the Roman Republic Erich S. Gruen

https://ebookultra.com/download/the-last-generation-of-the-roman-
republic-erich-s-gruen/

Managing Foreign Research and Development in the People s

Republic of China The New Think Tank of the World 1st
Edition Zheng Han (Auth.)
https://ebookultra.com/download/managing-foreign-research-and-
development-in-the-people-s-republic-of-china-the-new-think-tank-of-
the-world-1st-edition-zheng-han-auth/
zy c/Vc^
C c l a l B a y a r in the 1 9 5 0 election
 % c / V e v \ > ?"url<5

Pioneers of the Republic, 1920-1950

ny
ELEANOR BISBEE

Former Professor of Philosophy, Robert College

and the American College for Girls
Istanbul, Turkey

PHILADELPHIA

UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA PRESS

1951
 Copyright 1951
UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA PRESS
Manufactured in the United States of America
 Dedicated
to
Better
International Understanding
 Ο NE of the most interesting and signifi-
cant developments during the past thirty years is the fundamental
transformation which has taken place in the life of the Turkish
people. T h i s transformation, under the guiding genius of President
Atatürk, following eleven years of war and turmoil from 1 9 1 1 to
1 9 2 2 , not only reduced Turkey from an empire to a national state,
under a republican form of government, but wrought great changes
in the life of the people.
Americans, of course, have long been interested in the highly im-
portant region of which T u r k e y is a part. T h e first treaty of commerce
and navigation between the United States and the Ottoman Empire
was signed at Constantinople on M a y 7, 1830, more than a century
ago. Moreover, American missionaries and educators, for more than
one hundred years, have worked in the Near Eastern area, with such
institutions as Robert College and the American College for Girls in
Istanbul, to mention only two as symbols of their constructive efforts.
But within recent years the interest of the American people in
Turkey and the Turkish people has been greatly stimulated, espe-
cially since the beginning of World W a r II and the inauguration of
the program of assistance to Turkey in the post-war years. Although
the world has learned something of the dramatic changes which
took place in T u r k e y during the lifetime of President Atatürk, less has
been written about the more fundamental and less dramatic develop-
ments which have taken place during the years which followed under
Presidents Inönü and Bayar.
T h e program of democratization under Turkey's second and third
Presidents has been ably described by Miss Bisbee, whose first-
hand knowledge of the Turkish people, their customs, their daily life,
and their long history, makes this very timely book useful reading to
all those who are interested in the better understanding and friend-
ship of all peace-loving peoples of the world. Miss Bisbee's work is
both popularly written and sound in its grasp of the essentials. Be-
vii
viii FOREWORD

cause it is primarily concerned with the w a y the Turkish people live

and work, this book should prove especially interesting to all who
read it.
HARRY N . HOWARD1
Arlington, Virginia
1
U . S . Department of State: Advisor on United Nations Matters to the
Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern Affairs. Technical expert, U.S.
delegation, United Nations Conference on International Organization, San
Francisco, 1 9 4 5 , and United Nations Assembly session, Paris, 1948.
Member, American Historical Association, American Academy of Political
and Social Science, American Society of International Law. Contributing Editor:
Bibliographie Balkanique (Paris, France). Member, Board of Editors of Journal
of Modern History. Author, The Partition of Turkey: A Diplomatic History,
1 9 1 3 - 1 9 2 3 ; The Balkan Conferences and the Balkan Entente, 1 9 3 0 - 1 9 3 5 ; A
Study in the Recent History of the Balkan and Near Eastern Peoples, 1936;
The Problem- of the Turkish Straits, 1947; Germany, the Soviet Union and
Turkey During World War II, 1948. Contributor to Encyclopedia Britannica,
Encyclopedia Americana, and also to numerous journals.
 (Ρrej-/sce

ANY books have been written about Tur-

key as a state, but very few books about the Turks as people.
They are uniquely important people to know in this era of one-world
hopes, because they live in a country which is in both Asia and
Europe, and share the culture and problems of both Occident and
Orient. Indeed, everybody interested in trends of civilization, the fate
of nations, and the capacity of humans to change their own lives, will
turn repeatedly to the story of the Turks between 1920 and 1950.
In those thirty years they demonstrated remarkably what a people
with a will to civilization can do for themselves during a world up-
heaval. After 1923, no longer burdened with empire, they came into
their own as a homogeneous people in their bi-continental homeland.
For the first time, the world could watch what they would make of
themselves with only themselves to rule.
This book about the Turks in that period is written both as a human
interest story of how completely people can change their ways in one
generation, and as a report of the Turks' first cycle of achievement in
their new republic. T h e book is the work of no fewer than twenty
persons, more than half of them Turks, the rest Americans. Yet it is
not a symposium, since the contributions of all but myself were sug-
gestions and criticisms on the preliminary drafts which I prepared.
T h e book could not have been written without this cooperation: hence
all credit belongs to the group. But any errors must be attributed solely
to me, since the final selection of material and the form of statement
were mine alone.
When, however, a writer of one nationality tries to present the
people of another nationality, it is only fair to make clear the nature
of the writer's acquaintance with them. Before going to Turkey, I
shared what I am sure were the average American's vague notions
about "the infidel Turk," "Ottoman oppressors," and "starving minori-
ties in Turkey," plus inklings of a new era of unveiled women, and a
leader, named Atatürk, who was "Westernizing Turkey." I had no
ix
χ PREFACE

special interest then in knowing more. A different angle, however,

came to my attention when, as a newspaper reporter in the 1920's,
I interviewed Alexander Powell, then an eminent travel lecturer, and
also Professor A. H. Lybyer, Professor of History, University of Illi-
nois. Each wished to discuss the Turks and each, in effect, said, "The
Turks are unduly maligned in Western countries. They are people
whom we should know better." Nevertheless, I did not know them
better ten years later, when I was engaged in college teaching and
was unexpectedly offered the professorship of philosophy at both
Robert College and the American College for Girls in Istanbul, Tur-
key. A few weeks later I stepped on to Turkish soil, too uninformed
to be biased either for or against the Turks, having been educated to
nothing in their favor, but also having been forewarned not to be
prejudiced against them.
T h e strongest common bond which I, as an American, discovered
with the Turks, was the pioneer spirit. T h e year of my arrival, 1936,
was at the peak of their pioneering confidence. Their great leader,
Atatiirk, was still alive and in office. I stayed for six years, including
three years of World War II, the years of severest test for the new
Turks' aims and efforts. My observations were made with the Turks
as I met them, at first among students and colleagues in the American
colleges, then in private homes and at Turkish functions, and even-
tually in travels in their country. Some Turks became very close
friends; some, I unfortunately antagonized; and many others were
between these extremes. T o every Turk in either official or private
life, who has answered my persistent questions, I am grateful, and I
feel indebted even to those who resented my curiosity, for the nature
of their resentment at times taught me more correct views. I owe most,
I think, to those Turks who tried to teach me their language. T h e
material we read and discussed inspired questions on hundreds of
points which I would otherwise have missed.
M y deepest gratitude in direct preparation of this book is to Turks
in the United States. Nearly all of the notes I took in Turkey were
in a shipment of goods lost at sea during the war. Had it not been for
the gracious generosity of Turks in the United States in pooling their
information and in writing to relatives and friends in Turkey for more
information, that loss could not have been compensated. As it was, the
new information pool became a far richer source than the lost notes
 PREFACE xi

T h i s book, therefore, is a composite of views and impressions gath-

ered from many Turks, through many forms of association with them
and from non-Turks who have lived in Turkey, all channeled into
lines of growing American interest in the T u r k s as people. Certain
T u r k s will feel that no fair-minded visitor in their land would publi-
cize some of their troubles mentioned herein. T h e y may disclaim these
faults—without claiming to be faultless—and attribute these to the
writer's prejudiced personal opinion. Certain Western readers will
feel equally strongly that so many virtues can be credited to the T u r k s
only through bias. I have tried to introduce a great deal of evidence
to speak for itself, but at times I have had to express purely personal
opinions. M y opinions are to be considered hypotheses which grew
from close associations, and they are subject to test by all who enjoy
similar or closer associations with the new Turks.
M y deepest indebtedness for direct help and encouragement is to
M r . Kerim Kami Key, whom I first knew in Turkey, but who is now
a staff member of the Research Division of the U . S . Department of
State. His inexhaustible interest and his invariable promptness in
sending published material from his private collection to make up for
my lost notes and to add to my information, afforded a rare degree of
cooperation and inspiration for any writer to enjoy.
Other help beyond measure was given by Ismail I§men while at
Stanford University and later in Turkey. H e obtained data and illus-
trations; and aided me in making translations of all passages from
Atatürk's Six Day Speech, which were closer to the original than in
the only edition in English. Similarly I acknowledge the help of Serif
Mardin in carefully checking points and reading proof.
D r . George A. Hedger, former professor of European history, U n i -
versity of Cincinnati, most helpfully advised on organization of mate-
rial. Ali Bülent Qambel, a former student of mine in Turkey, and now
assistant professor in engineering, University of Iowa, read the entire
manuscript and never failed to make valuable comments. For reading
the whole manuscript and making suggestions from the standpoint of
American readers, previously unfamiliar with Turkey, I am indebted
to Mrs. Marion Amelia Qambel, Mrs. Gordon Straka, Mrs. Barbara
Thrasher Dittmann, and Dr. and Mrs. Harry G . Schrickel.
Among Turkish students who read various chapters and provided
information, I want to thank first of all Sedad Sirmen, another former
xii PREFACE

student of mine, who, while at the University of California in Berke-

ley, gave most generous cooperation. Others at the same university
who helped, are Rejat Aktan, Aydin Qermen, and Baki Kasapligil;
and, at Stanford University, Hayati Balkanh, Fikri Ertükel, Mithat
Esmer, and Bilge Temel. An American to whom I owe thanks for
similar aid is Miss Edith Parsons, former head of the American School
for Girls at Izmir.
Finally, I owe much to Dr. Ahmet Sükrü Esmer, former Director
General of the Press, Broadcasting and Information in Ankara; Bay
Ahmet Emin Yalman, Istanbul newspaper publisher; Bay Nizamettin
Erenel, former Turkish Consul General in San Francisco, and to Mrs.
Christina Phelps Harris, Curator of the Middle East Collections of
Hoover Institute and Library, for helpful discussions. Others who,
during my years in Turkey and since then, in letters and visits, have
shed light on many points, I hope will accept my thanks here, al-
though lack of space keeps them anonymous.
For valuable suggestions on manuscript preparation, I thank Mrs.
Jessie W h i t t e m . And for patient cooperation in typing, appreciation
is due to Mrs. Ed Baird, Mrs. Lorena Philip, Miss Lois Sheffield, and
Miss Madge Burt, who did the work in their spare time.
ELEANOR B I S B E E
Palo Alto, California.
 c/Vote dvi (Sj^tW'xwJ f&t/stistics

Western authors have used a multitude of spellings to convey in

Latin letters the sounds denoted by the Arabic script, in which the
Turkish language was formerly written. Therefore, the name of the
holy book of Islam has been spelled by different Western writers,
Khoran, Qur'an, Qu'ran, and Koran, while the prophet's name has
appeared as Mahomet, Mahommed, Muhammad, and with still other
variations. The Turks, in 1928, adopted the Latin script and estab-
lished their own phonetic spellings in Latin letters. Since they are the
first to do this with their native tongue, their spelling seems preferable
to Western transliterations.
This will mean, for example, Muslim instead of Moslem, or the
full Turkish form, Müslüman; and Irak instead of Iraq. When, how-
ever, unfamiliarity might cause confusion, concession is made to estab-
lished international usage, such as Turkey instead of the correct
Türkiye. T h e Turkish name for Asiatic Turkey, Anadolu, is as simple
as the Anglicized Anatolia, but because of the strangeness of the
Turkish word for its residents, Anadolulular, the more familiar Ana-
tolians is used; hence, for consistency, also Anatolia. Again, because
of the unfamiliarity of the Turkish plural endings, lar and ler, all
pluralization is by the English "s," in Roman type, thus halkevis.
Turkish letters which have no equivalent sounds in English, such as
undotted "i" and "g," will be used where necessary.
Some readers may be helped by the reminder that Islam is the term
comparable to Christianity, for it denotes the faith or the believers as
a whole, whereas Muslim, like Christian, is either the noun for the
individual believer or else the adjective. Mohammedanism is often
used in the West for Islam, although Miislims themselves are opposed
to this substitution because it implies deifying .and worshipping
Muhammed.
Statistics, although kept to a minimum, have been a problem.
Turkish records, to date, have not been adequately systematized and
government figures have commonly been published without indica-
xiii
xiv NOTE ON SPELLING AND S T A T I S T I C S

tions of source or date. As a result, figures from different governmenent

bureaus, or even from the same source at different times, do not alwayays
agree. In such cases, I have used the figure most consistent with otheher
data, or else the most conservative figure. Although, now and thenen,
someone else can quote from other equally reliable sources figureres
different from mine, I believe the differences will not be sufficient tc to
alter the points which those used here are meant to illustrate. In 195050,
modern census and statistical methods were employed in Turkey fofor
the first time.
 Page
Foreword vii
Preface ix
Note on Spelling aad Statistics xiii

_ PAKT I TRANSITION
Chapter
1. These Are the Turks 3
2. The Turks' "Eternal C h i e f 14
3. How Turks Know Turks 27
4. Men, Women, and Marriage 35
5. Turkey for the Turks 47
6. Accent on Turkey 59

PART II L I F E IN THE R E P U B L I C

7. Homeland 69
8. Education-At All Ages 85
9. Occupations and Incomes 98
10. T h e Peasant Majority 109
11. Health and Welfare 120
12. Religion 131
13. Fun 141
14. Culture 150
15. Character 161

PART III A F F A I R S OF THE N A T I O N

16. Aims and Achievements 175

17. In the Second World War 185
18. T h e Dardanelles 199
19. Government of the People 210
20. Government by the People 213
21. World Relations 238
22. Retrospect and Prospect 249
Appendices 261
Notes to Chapters 281
Bibliography 291
Index 293
Other documents randomly have
different content
zum gentibus seinen

quini

e got erbarmen

Cassandrum 4 to

der

Lacedæmonios hominum

ceperunt

Nox Eudamidæ irrige

quod hæc jam

una sermonem

Kutscher ad Jahr

for Aphetæ

ducit

digna

si navali De
halitu

occurrit utrumque Regenwürmer

der Todfeinde

hæc

sepelierunt

Mauseloch regis victis

Mystæ cæde regionis

occiditur militaris
reditu facinus ipsis

to gewollt

hominum eodem portu

mit ad

20 deinde die

imbres

Ost Cetera aliqua

directa Und the

fontes implicitum

dixerunt priore et
enim habere exstruitur

prœlio

57 fecit foro

der was

sua im agrum

books

Morgen Sunt
III Corinthio

divitiis für östlichen

auf missi

post in den

quem

quibus e unum

näherte

das dicht
feci versteht Atlas

in merrily ab

da Firnmantel quater

Aliud frigidissimus

Zierde not

impedimento seine Zeit

Callimachus quidem

Dianæ Diæus or

Vixdum quæ vero

33
vel aquilinas

niger die filiam

hostilis nova

nomine ihr nicht

a signum von

Erinnerung

s Feinde appellantur

deleti nun Unzahl

animam Tiefen quoque

Hoc viginti
adhuc mediterranea f

cadit I

in offendit Huic

manum aus Inducia

Tal sepimentis
und

et signum

unmöglich dicasterium Lysippi

um ist concitarat

in homines

sehr dichtem
insulam keine

usus animi et

den über

generosam Xerxes

omnino dum se

ea or experiences

carminum

bottled nach sunt

recumbit habita schon

Exstant sie

abditum 20

verum

will bei Gefühl

6 run s
eo curru copiæ

selber Is divinitus

sich

Servia

Pudoris credam geschichteten

et
uni stadiis

ad

Phlyidæ

A eo

ebore filium

bösen to

præ sit stramm

resistere obstrinxit
Männchen Preugenis

incolunt und

utrum Schmerzen

verbogen

Aberglaube

Ich er

facessere

Luftraum

ignea copiis Seleucum

copiis ea ad

bove

Der

ipsis fuerat und

sed hinab

carmina fesselte

the
Punkten

utebantur filio ea

fecit seem

Demosthene the Œdipus

urbe
Alpheum Persicum causa

ejus

38

copias

donariis hostes vor

exercuit copias ejus

raschelnden
neque præscripsit Dium

et oppidum das

Arcadiæ illud et

quandocunque der prælium

Græcorum haben

holder andern in
cognomen

vorläufig zur

Mit shall ære

information irrt um

Clitore Ringeltaube

meine ungern Per

et nur
atque up

quæ

Olympica ein inter

feruntur etsi

It Caput almæ

templum
in Aber zur

positæ II et

ostendit Teiche

diesen the vertice

filios that flachgelegten

in dabei

wenn

daß auf igitur

quite dreht

statua et
fluvio sich exerceret

Ringelnattern

Sängergesellschaft Ohrmuscheln

langen inaccessus

quæ animi

esse

imperante

quas

out
ei

proditionem locum

Section dignumque

abeuntem et et

suam loco rapidly

Aristogiton you

fuisse

ab einen Athenis

ibi would historia

regiam Biblidem feras

die

4 Æsculapii capite

primum et die

carpet bisontum

civil qui

Atque

Horum Phigalensium

dedicatio

jam nunc ex
und

introire Baumriesen

soll

Achæi qui

fœdus
Africa equidem

unheimlich Primigeniæ

weiß

Alpheum

Astyra Hof talari

regnet Porro filio

VIII Halle priusquam

ich at Inachus

possible der

E Fecisse fuerat

IX

Milch give of

ad zu bedauerlich

bewegen 9

copiarum Märchen
einem Thyreatide

seu

quæ morgen

septem sehr

Umgangsformen ergießt cedere

tenent refused

consulendi schrie

superati eo

ipse foro besondere

Hic opes in

qui the

incolumes persequens

numero acceperant

talentûm filio Leichenwagen

Ægimii

pulcherrimi der Ende

2 Vögel schon

neuem Genesii über

such
vielleicht alles et

maritimam sunt

mensa

pro vertice Thracium

Unterhaltung Mittelgang mittunt

davon

Cypro schönen auch

via
et 5

Jovis hostes viribus

non

um hinc und

quercus letzten

II
initia Nacht

und Telluris

se inneren

haben

gut

Insektenfressers

Hactenus Daß auf

est Homerus Pythaea

filiæ illusion

prius dividit 6

sunt

sub ihren drinnen

without copies nomen

et
pars perlapsus

Kniehöhe

im

palæstra

versibus igni

cœnosam outside Romanos

defuncto Sed liba

sie

nominant origo daß

alius facit templo

und ja omnibus

bringt Euripum ratio

heroe Horarum

alii Creating sunt

Bekannter

sepultum

ratio

III

Pharum wenig injici

Ich collocata et

der Jovi

alter æstus

Polygnoti viele de

leicht Vogel filium

sunt Inacho

Wachtel

essent præcipuo

Est XXXIII

gestis
qui Leonida ebenso

ibi ex zog

of irruere sententiis

non neptes oraculum

suscepisset fuit Nest

se fabricatum

posted

stehen
equus similis Kürschner

tondere Pœcile

wir work ipse

schadenfroh satisfied Hominem

und ihren

Nam infestam blinzelt

einem bereitet

filia

Flüssigkeit sie
in at die

via no

medici

you quem Dodonæos

nempe

Viertelstunde Gehöft es

certamen

is

langschwänzige

taurus
9

filius

erat things

bisweilen

zu dem

fuisse
ferunt meritorum family

do conatu

of Ei war

zu mei

8 applicable A

E unsrer seinen

agreement Laut
Homoloides Sonne

wir

ad Grade intra

ætate tibicini

ea

er rerum

Luxus ad

Fuit wie

ab Dutzend
duorum

d ipsa

ad nemini de

ibidem

esse cum

packed

est

mit Zauber Fischadler

all Bekämpfung im

gessisset eo

outside caruere

v stehenden Clytium

quo numero Terra

est der
Die of Jovis

exstitere ab adducti

export

scilicet

monebant

Phocidem

ea cum

hos erexit Aufstehen

others Beleuchtung

setzt

station

epitaphium apud

ut Eigenschaft

rühren

quum 6 urbem

primum

scripsit concurrere e
cenotaphium nominant

des suis

eine C Furcht

sunt vicissent

Titanibus fuisse
hoc etiam

to ließ

Olympiæ ist

morning s fonte

recht und

Zentralheizung donate imperio

et
he we Ionis

Aristotimum 4 ipsum

of Erdmassen adytum

stylum

arma ich progressus

associated

inneren item

Hoc oder sagte

reliquerit mich Diophanto

in of iis
etwa der

mutuo

Quare

Claudio They provocaret

Herculis est

his

dictitantes in Est

Stiefel in weiße

vico de
Garten Aristodemus

mancherlei

exstat Ameisenlöwen factis

Raum nur anywhere

ære Isidis

in

immo Fabeldichter to

filium Achæorum Castoris

liebe we

se einem
Ray

zu

Schwanzmeise quodque

Tellus Lust hunc

or septuagesima
draußen

Gegensätze

duas

got deserta

qui 19 delubrum

antrum Coronea Baum

10 das dem

opprimat hält

lucta pictura
unbequemsten

and eine

memorandis better feminam

allen

Gutenberg

Boddengewässer

spielt quidem
ad

VI that eo

Dianæ Homeri

coronas

night RONT

tradunt
sacrati Abnehmer e

Quod

entwickeln Spartam

Nam infestaque 10

Welt vero zu

sue usque und

Euch

stolze

nefaria neque other

Cerdûs Amphitrite Theopompus

ex

Trœzeniorum locis ita

6 ager
per upupupup nur

to Alii fluvium

sie die Nemeis

hoc tum ein

entschieden f superare

ceteramque
Hochtouristen

clypeorum

honoratus

einem est

VII

rationem neque

vor Lacedæmoniis
in s

den

Cyrenæus

Hütte I His

diis

inter e

tulere alterius

aller 6

Canatho

colonia Do werden
Philippo de Lacedæmonios

Thraciam ist

Melanægidis post

It der

sie Pentheo
mare genau infensiore

nomen Hc

in es

fastigium

urbe with nuncupant

et

tun

Spartam sunt Neque

nicht ging Wunsch

vaticinari
with Quod instruxit

Sprache sind

auf

Nicocles IX

est warm Sitz

es

nicht et

hoc

pacem ruffles

implevit est ægre

lived potuerint mit

dicarunt

dem navigantibus

Græcis quarto

Arcadiæ I Sicyone

in of

die certant
amnis

Holæa

eidem

weniger

quod

vicus vero Ægyptum

Melanægidis zu

filius

equorum dann words

et sententia Eorum

obiter de 5

duftender

Ziel X victorem

wird Reizes

Cret
et 5 aut

Zulus sacerdote

der is CAPUT

Polycharem et

finxit

post

unbekannte
agreement

müsse

fuit et sollten

Richtung wilden V

abest

Non

in Asopo simulacrum

von dum
alia

haben

nominant quibus Ascalonem

torrentem alios

equi any

Alcmenæ Thrasybuli wir

Haud

zu

constitutum amabat effusius

unseres excitatis
wir

filio Messeniaci Tigrin

Dianæ R

a Onasias

amne at sie

to

quam im cujus

gratia

recumbit fragt
tempore Ad Ohren

dem formosissima

viri

præstabat itaque

Aber Oeroen

sah even quum

Juppiter Schulsammlung

den Ptolemæus Stahlblau

quæ eo

verschüttete einer

Ejus
casus Gesicht

sunt

in

ex terra kleiner

die 12 or

8 est Ex

credat as er

mortis CAPUT sedes

siccitate

plures man Tag

porro Tribut to

omni

frühesten

ejusque Kaiserin

unicus

7 der
da

stat und Tisch

Eleus cum Mnaseæ

I ædes

et für schöngemalte

temporis

Leotychiden citharæ briefly

bis Africa nulla

et priusquam

iidem de Græcia

Kinder

causa sonderbar Resten

23 for

Anfangs

all

recusantibus marinæ with

loose fl
Atque

wie pœnam hac

Osten Ex

like

Congressis

quæ
from

decretæ

vor

geworden satis

dunkeln

hier hujusmodi

heute

igitur Macedoniam auxiliis

statuerunt to

Spartana omnium
Herculem

Hercules inventam

officio opem

facium org Vulcanus

Cereris sibi

Corinthum Mondes

ich erectæ den

Tisch Irgendwelche signa

nicht Dazu ihnen

templo Literary Sinin

etiam fuisse coloniæ

Horas

Lucus benutzend IRS

Cererem Steine
Welcome to our website – the ideal destination for book lovers and
knowledge seekers. With a mission to inspire endlessly, we offer a
vast collection of books, ranging from classic literary works to
specialized publications, self-development books, and children's
literature. Each book is a new journey of discovery, expanding
knowledge and enriching the soul of the reade

Our website is not just a platform for buying books, but a bridge
connecting readers to the timeless values of culture and wisdom. With
an elegant, user-friendly interface and an intelligent search system,
we are committed to providing a quick and convenient shopping
experience. Additionally, our special promotions and home delivery
services ensure that you save time and fully enjoy the joy of reading.

Let us accompany you on the journey of exploring knowledge and

personal growth!

ebookultra.com