KISI-KISI KOMPRE Psycholinguistics is a science that discusses the relationship between language

PRODI TADRIS BAHASA INGGRIS and psychology. The scope of psycholinguistic studies is language acquisition,
Roisu Rusydata Alghifara language disorders, literacy, multilingualism, etc. Analysis of psycholinguistic
A. TEORI TENTANG ILMU BAHASA studies looks at how language influences psychological cases or vice versa.
1. Menjelaskan definisi bahasa, ruang lingkup dan objek b. Sociolinguistics
A language is a system of communication which consists of a set of sounds and Sociolinguistics is a science that discusses the relationship of language with
written symbols which are used by the people of a particular country or region the science of sociology. The scope of sociolinguistic studies is a case of code
for talking or writing. mixing, code switching, politeness in language, etc. Analysis of
Microlinguistics psycholinguistic studies looks at how language influences social cases or vice
Micro linguistics is defined as a scientific discipline related to linguistic studies versa.
with the scope of scientific studies of pure language. This means that these c. Pragmatics
studies are in language studies or studies owned by linguistics. Microlinguistics Pragmatic is a science that discusses the relationship of language with the
consists of: factors that influence it. The scope of pragmatic study is someone's speech
a. Phonology act, maxim, etc. Analysis of pragmatic studies looks at how language
Phonology comes from the words phon and logos. Fon means sound. Logos influences the realm of human communication or vice versa.
means knowledge. So, phonology is science that discusses sound. The object d. Forensic Linguistics
of study is the phonies, phones and phonemes. Forensic linguistics is a science that discusses the relationship between
b. Morphology language and legal cases. The analysis of this study looks at how language is
Morphology comes from the words morph and logos. Morph means form. able to analyze an unlawful event from a linguistic perspective.
Logos means knowledge. So, morphology is a science that discusses form. e. Lexicography
The intended form is morpheme. The object of study is morphine and Lexicography is a science that discusses language mapping. the scope of this
morpheme. science is the lexical mapping of a language, compilation of entries in a
c. Syntax specific language, etc
Syntax is a science that deals with sentence structure. The object of study is 2. Menjelaskan asal usul terbentuknya Bahasa
phrases, clauses, and sentences. Menurut Noam Chomsky, bahasa muncul sekitar 60.000 hingga 100.000 tahun
d. Discourse Analysis yang lalu di Afrika. Sebelum bahasa ditemukan, diperkirakan manusia
Discourse analysis is a science that discusses the understanding and analysis berkomunikasi menggunakan suara-suara yang dihasilkan oleh mulut dan melalui
of a discourse. The object of study is paragraphs and discourse / reading. gerakan tubuh saja.
e. Semantics 3. Menjelasakan tentang Phonology, Morphology, Syntax, dan Semantics
Semantics is a science that discusses the meaning. The object of study is the a. Phonology
meaning of all elements of language. Phonology is the study of phonemes, which are the speech sounds of an
Macrolinguistics individual language. A phonologist could answer the question, “Why do BAT
Macrolinguistics is defined as a scientific discipline that is related to the study of and TAB have different meanings even though they are made of the same
linguistics that is connected with scholarship that is not linguistic, such as three sounds, A, B and T?”
psychology, sociology, forensic, communication, etc. Macrolinguistics consists a. Morphology
of: Morphology is the study of words and other meaningful units of language like
a. Psycholinguistics suffixes and prefixes. A morphologist would be interested in the relationship
 between words like “dog” and “dogs” or “walk” and “walking,” and how example, traditional grammar says a verb is a word that states an action or
people figure out the differences between those words. event. While structural grammar states that verbs can be distributed with
b. Syntax the phrase "with. . . . "
Syntax is the study of sentences and phrases, or how people put words into the 1) Linguistics of the Greek Age
right order so that they can communicate meaningfully. All languages have Main problem:
underlying rules of syntax, which, along with morphological rules, make up - opposition between physical (natural) and nomos (convention)
every language’s grammar. An example of syntax coming into play in Physical (natural) means the language of origin, the source is in
language is “Eugene walked the dog” versus “The dog walked Eugene.” The eternal principles and cannot be replaced outside of humans
order of words is not arbitrary—in order for the sentence to convey the themselves.
intended meaning, the words must be in a certain order. Nomos (convention) means that the language of convention
c. Semantics means that the meanings are obtained from the results of tradition
Semantics, most generally, is about the meaning of sentences. Someone who or custom.
studies semantics is interested in words and what real-world object or concept - the contradiction between analogy and anomaly
those words denote, or point to. Example, someone shouting “Fire!” has a Analogy (English and Aristotelian)
very different meaning if they are in charge of a seven-gun salute than it does Anomaly is irregular language.
if they are sitting in a crowded movie theater. 2) Roman times
4. Menjelaskan sifat dan ciri-ciri Bahasa The Roman figure is Varro (116-27 BC) by De Lingua Latina and
Nature of Language Princia by the Institutiones Grammaticae. De Lingua Latina in this
a. Language is a communication book discusses etymology, morphology (verbs, verbs, participle and
b. Words have meaning adverbium), and syntax. Gramaticae Institution: is the most complete
c. Language follows a grammatical structure Latin grammar book, containing phonology, morphology, syntax.
d. Language is based on aural and oral system 3) Middle Ages
e. Language can die and be extinct Latin became the lingua franca because it was used as the language of
f. Language can be diverse the church, diplomacy, and science. The important thing is the role of
Characteristic of language the modistae, Speculative grammar, Peter Hispanus.
a. Language is dynamic 4) The Renaissance
b. Language has levels This era is considered as the opening era of the modern age. In the
c. Language is creative and unique history of language studies there are two things that stand out in the
d. Language is a means of communication Renaissance era namely,
e. Language identifies culture - Besides mastering Latin, also mastering Greek, Hebrew, and
f. Language is arbitrary Arabic
5. Menjelaskan beberapa aliran dalam lingusitik - In addition to languages, other European languages also receive
A. Traditional linguistic flow = functional flow, which is a set of attention in the form of discussions, grammar arrangements.
grammatical explanations and rules that were used more or less over the B. Structural linguistics
past two hundred years. Traditional terms in language are often contrasted Structural linguistic flow developed in two places, namely in Europe and
with structural terms. Traditional grammar analyzes language based on America. In Europe this flow was developed by Ferdinal de Saussure,
semantics, while structural grammar analyzes language based on formal while in America it was developed by Leonard B. Loomfield. In the view
structures or features that exist in language. In formulating verbs, for of structural linguistics, language is a structure with interrelated stages, a
 perfection that can be analyzed. This flow seeks to describe a language according to Kenneth L. Pike are composed of three levels namely
based on the nature or nature of that language. phonology, grammar, and lesixon.
1) Ferdinand De Saussure D. The grammar of the case was first introduced by Charles J. Fillmore in his
This figure published a book called Course de Linguistique Generale essay titled The Case for Case in 1968. What is meant by the case is the
which contains the concepts: relationship between verbs and nouns. Verbs here are the same as
- Synchronous and discronic study, predicates, while nouns are the same as arguments in generative semantic
- Difference between lingue and parole, theory.
- Significant and significant difference, E. Linguistic Generative Transformation
- Syntmatic and paradigmatic relationships. This flow was born with the publication of Noam Chomsky's book
2) Prague Stream entitled Syntactic Structure in 1957. Chomsky distinguished the existence
The praha school was formed in 1926 at the behest of one of its of language abilities and actions. Ability is the knowledge that the
figures, Vilem Mathesius. Other figures are Nikolai Trubetskoy, language user has about his language, while the action is the language
Roman Jakobsoe, and Morris Halle. They play a role in phonology user himself in the actual condition.
and syntax F. Relational Linguistics
- In the field of phonology distinguish between phonetics and This grammar emerged in the 1970s as a direct challenge to some of the
phonology most fundamental assumptions of syntactic theory proclaimed by the
- In the field of syntax, analyzing sentences is based on functional grammar stream of transformation. Relational grammar also tries to find
(formal structure and information structure). the rules of language universality. In this case relational grammar attacks
3) Glosematic Flow the grammar of transformation a lot because it considers the theory of
The figure in this genre, among others Louise Hjemslev, discusses the transformational grammar cannot be applied to languages other than
teachings of Ferdinand de Saussure. He tried to make science a stand- English.
alone science, free from other sciences, with its own equipment, B. LISTENING SKILLS
methodology and terminology. 1. Mampu menjelaskan tipe-tipe listening
4) Firthian School a. Appreciative Listening
The figure of John R, Firth is famous for his theory of prosody When you listen for appreciation, you are listening for enjoyment. Think
phonology which is a way to determine meaning at the phonetic level. about the music you listen to. You usually listen to music because you enjoy
Prosody phonology consists of phonematic units and prosody units. it. The same can be said for appreciative listening when someone is speaking.
5) Systemic Linguistics Some common types of appreciative listening can be found in sermons from
The name of systemic linguistic flow cannot be separated from the places of worship, from a motivational speech by people we respect or hold
name M.A.K. Halliday The main points of view are: in high regard, or even from a standup comedian who makes us laugh.
- Give full attention to the aspect of community language. b. Empathic Listening
- View language as 'executor' (langue and parole distinction) When you listen empathically you are doing so to show mutual concern.
- Prioritize description During this type of listening you are trying to identify with the speaker by
C. Tagmic linguistics understanding the situation in which he/she is discussing. You are stepping
The tagmemic flow is diplopori by Kenneth L Pike. According to this into the other’s shoes to get a better understanding of what it is he/she is
flow, the basic unit of grammar (grammar) is tagmeme. What tagmeme talking about. Usually during this type of listening you want to be fully
agrees to is the agreement between grammatical functions or slots and present in the moment or mindfully listening to what the speaker is saying.
collections of interchangeable tenses to fill in the slots. Languages
 Your goal during this time is to focus on the speaker, not on yourself. You
are trying to understand from the speaker’s perspective.
c. Discriminative Listening
Discriminative Listening requires more effort so that you are listening to the
meaning behind the message. Your goal is to understand “S” man. You listen
to the words, pay attention to the nonverbal cues, and form opinions on what
you see and hear. You use discriminative listening when your mechanic
explains what that “thump thump” coming from your car means. Nonverbals
like rolling his eyes, wringing his hands, or winking to another mechanic,
may add a different meaning to his verbal diagnosis of “nothing wrong.” Or
imagine being in a room with a group of people speaking a language you
don’t know. Without understanding a word being said, you gain a lot of clues
just from the inflections and gestures accompanying the words
d. Comprehensive Listening
If you are watching the news, listening to a lecture, or getting directions from
someone, you are listening to understand or listening to comprehend the
3. Mampu memahami ujaran lisan dalam bahasa Inggris
message that is being sent. This process is active. In class, you should be
4. Mampu menjelaskan teknik dalam meningkatkan listening skill
focused, possibly taking notes of the speaker’s main ideas. Identifying the
a. Listen to Favorite Songs in English
structure of the speech and evaluating the supports he/she offers as evidence.
b. Watch YouTube Videos in English
This is one of the more difficult types of listening because it requires you to
c. Listen to the Caucasian People's Podcast
not only concentrate but to actively participate in the process. The more you
d. Watch English TV Shows or News
practice listening to comprehend, the stronger listener you become.
e. Closing Subtitles on English Language Films on TV
e. Critical Listening
f. Get into the habit of chatting in English
Have you ever had to buy an expensive item, such as a new appliance, a car,
a cell phone, or an iPad? You probably did some research beforehand and
C. READING SKILLS
listened closely to the salesperson when you went to compare brands. Or
1. Mampu menjelaskan jenis-jenis teks berbahasa Inggris
perhaps your best friend is telling you about some medical tests he/she
recently had done. You listen closely so you can help your friend understand
her results and the possible ramifications of the findings. Both of these
scenarios are examples of critical listening. Critical listening is listening to
evaluate the content of the message. As a critical listener you are listening to
all parts of the message, analyzing it, and evaluating what you heard. When
engaging in critical listening, you are also critically thinking. You are making
mental judgments based on what you see, hear, and read. Your goal as a
critical listener is to evaluate the message that is being sent and decide for
yourself if the information is valid.
2. Mampu mengidentifikasi fonem dalam bahasa Inggris
 how fast or slow you are speaking, watch your body language and how you
are using your hands to address the audience.
b. Practice with an audience.
You’ve practiced your speech by yourself for some time now, but what about
in front of an audience? One of the best ways to practice your speech is to
practice it under conditions that will resemble the day of your speech.
Practice in front of a small group of people, to build your confidence that
way when you hit the stage you won’t get flustered by the amount of people
you’ll see.
c. Hook your audience’s attention.
It’s no secret that capturing your audience’s attention early on is one of the
fundamental points in public speaking. You should deliver your big idea or
proposition during the first few minutes of your speech. This will be your
“hook.” As soon as you start speaking you should start stating all of the
2. Mampu mendemonstrasikan reading aloud (membaca dengan keras) points of your speech. This way you will obtain and hold your audience’s
3. Mampu menerapkan teknik skimming attention quickly.
Skimming is a high-speed reading technique, which is useful for finding d. Your body language is key.
important things or becoming the main idea in a reading. This reading technique You are the first thing that the audience will see and how you present
is done by reading the reading quickly and at a glance, to get a complete and yourself plays a crucial part on how the audience will receive the information
general picture. you’re about to present. Stand up straight when entering the stage and
4. Mampu menerapkan teknik scanning speaking to your audience, it will show your authority and confidence. If you
While scanning is a technique of reading quickly to get information without walk into the stage slouching and not standing straight the audience will
reading other types of reading. Scanning is commonly used to look up phone possibly get bored really quickly because you are.
numbers, look up words in a dictionary, look for entries in an index, search e. Don’t get stuck, move around.
statistics, and search for television shows or search travel listings. Use the stage to your advantage, walk, run, jump or skip by doing this you
5. Mampu menjelaskan kandungan teks berbahasa Inggris will keep your audience eyes on you and keep them engaged continuously by
moving around. If you’ve seen a Kevin Hart comedy show, you’ll see that he
D. SPEAKING SKILLS doesn’t stop moving and uses his body to emphasize what he's telling the
1. Mampu melafalkan fonem-fonem (PHONETIC) bahasa Inggris dengan tepat audience. Standing behind the podium or the microphone during your whole
2. Mampu mendemonstrasikan speaking for daily communication (komunikasi speech and not moving will turn your captive audience into a sleepy
sehari-hari) audience.
3. Mampu mendemonstrasikan speaking in formal communication (komunikasi f. Set your goal.
formal) Another way to grab your audience’s attention early on is to mention all of
4. Mampu menjelaskan strategi dalam public speaking your talking points for the speech. By stating the order of your talking points,
a. Practice makes perfect. you will provide an overview of what the presentation will be like and what it
Practice your speech a few weeks ahead of the big day. Use this time to will cover. You will tell the audience what your goals for that day, and
master each word that comes out of your mouth. Record yourself and see during your speech you will dive in depth into each talking point and finalize
by summarizing each of them.
 g. Get to know your audience. c. Narrative – Writing in which the author tells a story. The story could be fact
Know exactly the type of audience that will be attending your speech. You or fiction.
can use this information to tailor your speech around the type of people that d. Descriptive – A type of expository writing that uses the five senses to paint a
will be attending. Knowing more about your audience will help reduce stress picture for the reader. This writing incorporates imagery and specific details.
levels regarding your speech. Furthermore, it will make you feel as you’re 3. Mampu menjelaskan konsep cohesion, coherence, and completeness
not standing in front of strangers, but a group of people that share the same Cohesion refers to connectivity in a text. Coherence refers to how to easy it is to
interests. understand the writing
h. Begin with an interesting question or story.
Start your speech with a question, story or puzzle. It will help take the 4. Mampu mengembangkan paragraf
audience’s focus off you and into what you're asking them to place their 5. Mampu membuat outline essay
attention on. The theory behind this is that it will get the audience thinking of
another thing than using those first moments of your speech to judge you. It’s F. Grammmar
a way to start your speech with ease and find a common ground with the 1. Mampu menjelaskan model struktur kalimat dalam bahasa Inggris
audience. 2. Mampu mendemonstrasikan tenses
i. Find others going through your same issues. 3. Mampu menganalisis part of speech suatu kalimat
You’re not the only one going through stage fright, you can be sure about
that. Find a group of people who are going through your same issues you are
and see how they overcome it or how they are working through them. A
support team is always a beneficial tool to have in your armory of public
speaking.
j. Get feedback.
There’s nothing wrong with receiving feedback, either if it is positive or
negative feedback. Listening to what your audience says is one of the most
important parts of being a successful public speaker. Your audience may
point out things that you do while speaking that you may have not noticed
before. Take every feedback as constructive criticism and apply it to your
future speeches.
5. Mampu mendemonstrasikan ujaran dengan tekanan dan intonasi yang tepat

E. Writing skills
1. Mampu menuliskan kalimat yang benar dalam bahasa Inggris
2. Mampu menjelaskan karakteristik jenis-jenis writing
There are four main types of writing: expository, persuasive, narrative, and
descriptive.
a. Expository – Writing in which author’s purpose is to inform or explain the
subject to the reader.
b. Persuasive – Writing that states the opinion of the writer and attempts to
influence the reader.
 4. Mampu menerapkan konsep agreement dalam tata bahasa bahasa Inggris - Silent Way Silent Way sebenarnya merupakan metode belajar
5. Mampu menganalisa kesalahan grammar matematika oleh Celeb Cattegno. Namun, metode ini menjadi metode
yang powerful apabila diterapkan pada pembelajaran bahasa Inggris.
G. Menguasai Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris Seorang guru menggunakan rods sebagai media untuk mengajarkan
1. Mampu membedakan TEFL dan TESOL banyak hal terutama mengenai berbicara dan tata bahasa dalam
TEFL: Teaching English as a Foreign Language bahasa Inggris. Rods mempunyai warna dan panjang yang berbeda.
TEFL programs are intended for teachers who plan to go abroad to teach students Metode ini secara garis besar mempunyai konsep yang hampir sama
in a country where the primary language is not English. When students study dengan audio lingual method. Hal yang menarik dari metode ini yaitu
English as a foreign language, they are studying it as an academic subject, the dimana siswa juga diajak untuk membangun sense atau inner
same way you would study science or history. criteria yang membuat mereka mampu mendeteksi serta memperbaiki
TESOL: Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages diri apabila terdapat kesalahan dalam menggunakan bahasa Inggris.
Training in TESOL methodology is generally recommended for teachers who - Total Physical Response Meode ini dilakukan dengan guru
plan to work with learners who are non-native English speakers living in an melakukan beberapa pekerjaan misalnya berjalan, duduk, menaruh
English-speaking country. buku, memegang benda, atau menulis. Namun sebelum guru
2. Mampu menjelaskan desain pembelajaran bahasa Inggris (perencanaan sampai melaksanakan pekerjaan-pekerjaan tersebut, ia memerintah dirinya
evaluasi) terlebih dahulu dengan instruksi dalam bahasa asing. Hal tersebut
3. Mampu menjelaskan metode pembelajaran bahasa Inggris diulang beberapa kali, selanjutnya guru memberikan perintah kepada
- Grammar Translation Method (GTM) Metode ini merupakan siswa dengan perintah yang sama dengan dirinya tadi. Melalui
metode yang paling lama ada di dunia pembelajaran bahasa asing. perintah tersebut, siswa diharapkan mampu melaksanakan perintah
Metode lebih menekankan grammar atau tata bahasa. Selain tata seperti contoh yang sudah diberikan. Guru tentunya tidak
bahasa, juga terdapat translate atau alih bahasa yang digunakan untuk melaksanakan perintah tersebut namun hanya memberikan koreksi.
mengajarkan kosakata. Guru akan mengajarkan materi tentang tata
bahasa menggunakan rumus, kemudian menggunakan alih bahasa 4. Mampu menjelaskan cakupan materi pembelajaran bahasa Inggris di sekolah
ketika memberikan pengajaran membaca, menulis, serta kosakata 5. Mampu menjelaskan problematika pembelajaran bahasa Inggris di sekolah
dalam bahasa Inggris. a. Lack of motivation to learn drives one of the main problems of learning
- Audio Lingual Method Audio Lingual Method adalah salah satu English
metode yang diyakini efektif untuk membuat siswa belajar bahasa b. Insufficient time is another problem in teaching English. Class time is often
Inggris dengan cepat. Siswa diajarkan sebuah bahasa layaknya masa very short; it's once or twice a week, one or two hours every day for lots of
bayi dahulu. Caranya yaitu guru mempraktikkan sebuah dialog material to teach.
pendek yang satupun artinya belum dapat diterjemahkan oleh siswa. c. Less resources and materials can also be brought in English. Resources and
Guru memberikan instruksi kepada siswa untuk mengikuti dialog materials here are about various objects that can be used for models, cards,
tersebut kemudian siswa menebak maksud dialog dari mimik, pose, computers, language laboratories, and so on. d. Too many students in the
serta berbagai hal yang dipraktikkan oleh guru. Siswa diajak English class. The number of students in the usual classroom can be seen 1-
menghafal dialog tidak mereka ketahui artinya secara jelas. Siswa 15 or twenty students. In Indonesia, teachers can find more than thirty
dipaksa berpikir untuk mengerti isi dialog dan menghafalnya dalam students in very small classes without tape recorders, televisions, posters,
waktu singkat. Setelah siswa menghafal, baru kemudian mereka DVDs, or sometimes without markers and blackboards.
diberikan kata-kata yang ada di dalam dialog tersebut yang kemudian
mereka tulis. H. Menguasai Evaluasi Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris
1. Mampu menjelaskan jenis-jenis evaluasi dalam pembelajaran bahasa Inggris - Evaluasi input: evaluasi terhadap siswa mencangkup kemampuan,
a. Evaluasi berdasarkan tujuan kepribadian, sikap, dan keyakinan
1. Pre-test & post-test: dilakukan secara rutin seriap akan memulai - Evaluasi transformasi: evaluasi thdp unsur2 transformasi proses
penyajian baru pembelajaran spt materi, media, metode dll
2. Evaluasi diagnostic dilakukan setelah selesai penyajian sebuat mata - Evaluasi output: evaluasi terhadap lulusan yang mengacu pada
pelajaran, bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelemahan-kelamahan siswa dan ketercapaian hasil pembelajaran
factor penyebabnya e. Evaluasi berdasarkan subjek evaluasi
3. Evaluasi selektif digunakan untuk memilih siswa yang paling tepat atau - Evaluasi internal yang dilakukan oleh org dalam sekolah sebagai
sesuai dengan kriteria program kegiatan tertentu evaluator misalnya guru
4. Evaluasi formatif dilakukan pada swtiap akhir penyajian pelajaran untuk - Evaluasi eksternal yang dilakukan oleh orang luar misalnya rang tua
memperbaiki dan meningkatkan proses belajar masyarakat atau supervisor
5. Evaluasi sumatif biasa disebut dengan ulangan umum yang bertujuan 2. Mampu menyebutkan aspek-aspek penilaian listening, reading, speaking, dan
untuk mengukur kinerja akademik atau prestasi belajar siswa pada akhir writing
periode. Dilakukan setiap akhir semester a) Speaking : pengucapan, tata bahasa, kosa kata, kelancaran, pemahaman
6. UN, prinsipnya sama dengan sumatif b) Reading: fluency, accuracy, pronunciation, intonation,
b. Evaluasi berdasarkan sasaran c) Writing: kesesuaian isi, kesesuaian langkah retorika, keseuaian bahasa,
1. Evaluasi konteks ditunjukan untuk mengukur konteks program baik kerapihan,
mengenai tujuan, latar belakang, maupun kebutuhan program d) Listening: comprehension (pemahaman), lexical resource (jumlah kosa kata
2. Evaluasi input diarahkan untuk mengetahui input baik sumber daya yang digunakan), grammatical range and accuracy (akurat)
maupun strategi yang digunakan untuk mencapai tujuan 3. Mahasiswa mampu menyusun rubrik penilaian listening, reading, speaking, dan
3. Evaluasi proses ditunjukan untuk melihat proses pelaksanaan, baik writing
mengenai kelancaran, kesesuaian, factor pendukung, penghambat dalam
proses pelaksanaan
4. Evaluasi hasil atau produk diarahkan untuk melihat hasul program yang
dicapai sebagai dasar untuk menentukan akhir, dimodifikasi,
ditingkatkan atau dihentikan
5. Evaluasi outcome atau lulusan evaluasi yang diarahkan untuk melihat
hasil belajar siswa lebih lanjut yakni evaluasi lulusan setelah terjun ke
masyarakat
c. Evaluasi berdasarkan lingkungan
1. Evaluasi program pembelajara : mencangkup tujuan pembelajaran,
strategi dll
2. Evaluasi proses pembelajaran: mencangkup kesesuaian antara proses
pembelajaran dengan program pembelajaran yang ditetapkan.
3. Evaluasi hasil pembelajaran : mencangkup tingkat penguasaan siswa
terhadap tujuan pembelajaran yang ditetapkan baik umum maupun
khusus.
d. Bersadarkan objek evaluasi