MCQ Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter:

Light - Human Eye and Colourful World

This comprehensive collection of Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) covers all important
concepts from the Class 10 Science chapter "Light - Human Eye and Colourful World." These
questions are designed for concept clearing and exam preparation.

Part A: Structure of Human Eye and Accommodation

Q1) Which part of the human eye forms images on the light-sensitive screen?
a) Cornea
b) Iris
c) Crystalline lens
d) Pupil
Answer: (c) Crystalline lens
Explanation: The crystalline lens of the eye forms images on the retina, which is the light-
sensitive screen.
Q2) Where is the image formed in the human eye?
a) Cornea
b) Iris
c) Retina
d) Pupil
Answer: (c) Retina
Explanation: The retina is the light-sensitive screen where images are formed in the human eye.
Q3) Most of the refraction of light rays entering the eye occurs at:
a) Crystalline lens
b) Outer surface of cornea
c) Iris
d) Retina
Answer: (b) Outer surface of cornea
Explanation: Most refraction occurs at the outer surface of the cornea, while the crystalline lens
provides fine adjustment.
Q4) The muscles responsible for changing the focal length of the eye lens are:
a) Ciliary muscles
b) Iris muscles
c) Retinal muscles
d) Corneal muscles
Answer: (a) Ciliary muscles
Explanation: Ciliary muscles change the shape and focal length of the eye lens for
accommodation.
Q5) When a person sees an object closer to his eyes, what changes take place?
a) The pupil size will expand
b) The ciliary muscles will contract
c) The focal length will increase
d) Less light enters the eye
Answer: (b) The ciliary muscles will contract
Explanation: When viewing near objects, ciliary muscles contract to make the lens more
convex, decreasing focal length.
Q6) The ability of the eye to focus on objects at different distances is called:
a) Accommodation
b) Adaptation
c) Adjustment
d) Refraction
Answer: (a) Accommodation
Explanation: Accommodation is the ability of the eye to focus on both near and distant objects
by adjusting focal length.
Q7) For a normal adult, the near point of vision is approximately:
a) 15 cm
b) 25 cm
c) 35 cm
d) 50 cm
Answer: (b) 25 cm
Explanation: The near point of distinct vision for a normal adult is about 25 cm.
Q8) When a person comes out from a dark room into bright sunlight, what happens to the
pupil?
a) Size increases to allow more light
b) Size decreases to control light entry
c) Size remains same
d) Pupil closes completely
Answer: (b) Size decreases to control light entry
Explanation: The iris controls pupil size - in bright light, the pupil contracts to reduce light entry.

Part B: Defects of Vision and Their Correction

Q9) A person cannot see distant objects clearly but can see nearby objects clearly. This
defect is:
a) Myopia
b) Hypermetropia
c) Presbyopia
d) Astigmatism
Answer: (a) Myopia
Explanation: Myopia or near-sightedness is when distant objects appear blurred but near
objects are clear.
Q10) In myopia, the image of distant objects is formed:
a) On the retina
b) Behind the retina
c) In front of the retina
d) At infinity
Answer: (c) In front of the retina
Explanation: In myopia, the image forms in front of the retina due to excessive curvature of lens
or elongated eyeball.
Q11) Myopia can be corrected by using:
a) Convex lens
b) Concave lens
c) Cylindrical lens
d) Bifocal lens
Answer: (b) Concave lens
Explanation: A concave lens of suitable power diverges light rays to form the image on the
retina.
Q12) A person cannot see nearby objects clearly but can see distant objects clearly. This
condition is:
a) Myopia
b) Hypermetropia
c) Presbyopia
d) Cataract
Answer: (b) Hypermetropia
Explanation: Hypermetropia or far-sightedness is when near objects appear blurred but distant
objects are clear.
Q13) In hypermetropia, the image is formed:
a) On the retina
b) Behind the retina
c) In front of the retina
d) At the lens
Answer: (b) Behind the retina
Explanation: In hypermetropia, the image of nearby objects forms behind the retina.
Q14) Hypermetropia is corrected by using:
a) Concave lens
b) Convex lens
c) Cylindrical lens
d) Plane mirror
Answer: (b) Convex lens
Explanation: A convex lens provides additional converging power to form the image on the
retina.
Q15) Presbyopia is a defect that occurs due to:
a) Elongation of eyeball
b) Shortening of eyeball
c) Loss of elasticity of eye lens with age
d) Damage to retina
Answer: (c) Loss of elasticity of eye lens with age
Explanation: Presbyopia occurs in old age due to loss of accommodation power of the eye lens.
Q16) Presbyopia can be corrected using:
a) Concave lens
b) Convex lens
c) Bifocal lens
d) Cylindrical lens
Answer: (c) Bifocal lens
Explanation: Bifocal lenses have both concave and convex portions to correct both near and
distance vision.
Q17) A person finds difficulty in reading books and also watching TV. He needs:
a) Convex lens
b) Bifocal lens
c) Concave lens
d) Cylindrical lens
Answer: (b) Bifocal lens
Explanation: This person has presbyopia and requires bifocal lenses for both near and distance
vision.
Q18) The power of a lens is +2D. This lens is used to correct:
a) Myopia
b) Hypermetropia
c) Presbyopia
d) Astigmatism
Answer: (b) Hypermetropia
Explanation: Positive power indicates a convex lens used to correct hypermetropia.
Part C: Refraction Through Prism and Dispersion
Q19) The splitting of white light into its component colors is called:
a) Reflection
b) Refraction
c) Dispersion
d) Deviation
Answer: (c) Dispersion
Explanation: Dispersion is the splitting of white light into seven constituent colors.
Q20) When white light passes through a glass prism, which color deviates the most?
a) Red
b) Yellow
c) Blue
d) Violet
Answer: (d) Violet
Explanation: Violet light has the shortest wavelength and highest refractive index, so it deviates
the most.
Q21) When white light passes through a glass prism, which color deviates the least?
a) Red
b) Yellow
c) Blue
d) Violet
Answer: (a) Red
Explanation: Red light has the longest wavelength and lowest refractive index, so it deviates
the least.
Q22) Dispersion of light occurs because:
a) All colors have same refractive index
b) Different colors have different refractive indices
c) Light travels at same speed in all media
d) All colors have same wavelength
Answer: (b) Different colors have different refractive indices
Explanation: Different colors have different wavelengths and thus different refractive indices in
the same medium.
Q23) The correct order of colors in the spectrum of white light is:
a) VIBGYOR
b) ROYGBIV
c) BGRIOVY
d) YORBGIV
Answer: (a) VIBGYOR
Explanation: The spectrum shows Violet, Indigo, Blue, Green, Yellow, Orange, Red in that order.
Q24) A narrow beam of white light passing through a glass prism shows:
a) Scattering of light
b) Dispersion of light
c) Reflection of light
d) Absorption of light
Answer: (b) Dispersion of light
Explanation: White light disperses into constituent colors when passing through a prism.

Part D: Rainbow Formation

Q25) Rainbow formation involves which phenomena?
a) Reflection, refraction and dispersion
b) Refraction, dispersion and total internal reflection
c) Only dispersion
d) Only refraction
Answer: (b) Refraction, dispersion and total internal reflection
Explanation: Rainbow formation involves all three phenomena occurring in water droplets.
Q26) Rainbow is formed in a direction:
a) Same as the sun
b) Opposite to the sun
c) Perpendicular to the sun
d) At any angle to the sun
Answer: (b) Opposite to the sun
Explanation: Rainbow is always formed in the direction opposite to the sun.
Q27) In nature, dispersion of light is observed in:
a) Formation of rainbow
b) Twinkling of stars
c) Blue color of sky
d) Mirage formation
Answer: (a) Formation of rainbow
Explanation: Rainbow formation is the most common natural example of light dispersion.
Q28) Tiny water droplets in the atmosphere act as:
a) Plane mirrors
b) Convex lenses
c) Small prisms
d) Concave mirrors
Answer: (c) Small prisms
Explanation: Water droplets act as tiny prisms, dispersing sunlight to form rainbows.
Part E: Atmospheric Refraction
Q29) Twinkling of stars is due to:
a) Atmospheric dispersion
b) Atmospheric refraction
c) Atmospheric reflection
d) Atmospheric scattering
Answer: (b) Atmospheric refraction
Explanation: Stars twinkle due to refraction of light through different layers of atmosphere with
varying densities.
Q30) Advanced sunrise and delayed sunset are due to:
a) Scattering of light
b) Atmospheric refraction
c) Dispersion of light
d) Reflection of light
Answer: (b) Atmospheric refraction
Explanation: Atmospheric refraction causes the sun to appear earlier and disappear later than
actual times.
Q31) Why don't planets twinkle like stars?
a) They are smaller than stars
b) They are closer than stars
c) They don't emit light
d) They have larger apparent size
Answer: (d) They have larger apparent size
Explanation: Planets appear as discs rather than point sources, so the twinkling effect averages
out.
Q32) The time by which day is lengthened due to atmospheric refraction is about:
a) 2 minutes
b) 4 minutes
c) 6 minutes
d) 8 minutes
Answer: (b) 4 minutes
Explanation: Atmospheric refraction lengthens the day by approximately 4 minutes.
Q33) Mirage is an example of:
a) Refraction only
b) Total internal reflection only
c) Both refraction and total internal reflection
d) Dispersion only
Answer: (c) Both refraction and total internal reflection
Explanation: Mirage formation involves both refraction and total internal reflection of light.
Part F: Scattering of Light
Q34) The blue color of the sky is due to:
a) Dispersion of light
b) Scattering of light
c) Refraction of light
d) Reflection of light
Answer: (b) Scattering of light
Explanation: Blue color of sky is due to Rayleigh scattering of shorter wavelengths by
atmospheric particles.
Q35) Which color scatters the most in the atmosphere?
a) Red
b) Yellow
c) Blue
d) Violet
Answer: (d) Violet
Explanation: Violet has the shortest wavelength and scatters the most, though we see blue due
to our eye sensitivity.
Q36) The sun appears red at sunrise and sunset because:
a) Red light scatters the most
b) Blue light scatters more and red light reaches us
c) Sun emits only red light
d) Atmosphere absorbs other colors
Answer: (b) Blue light scatters more and red light reaches us
Explanation: At sunrise/sunset, light travels through more atmosphere, scattering blue light
away and allowing red to reach us.
Q37) The Tyndall effect is due to:
a) Scattering of light by colloidal particles
b) Dispersion of light
c) Refraction of light
d) Reflection of light
Answer: (a) Scattering of light by colloidal particles
Explanation: The Tyndall effect is the scattering of light by particles in a colloidal solution.
Q38) Danger signals are red in color because red light:
a) Scatters the most
b) Scatters the least
c) Is absorbed the most
d) Travels fastest
Answer: (b) Scatters the least
Explanation: Red light has the longest wavelength and scatters least, so it can travel maximum
distance through fog or smoke.
Q39) The clear sky appears blue because:
a) Blue light gets absorbed in atmosphere
b) Ultraviolet radiations are absorbed
c) Violet and blue lights get scattered more than other colors
d) Other colors scatter more than blue and violet
Answer: (c) Violet and blue lights get scattered more than other colors
Explanation: According to Rayleigh scattering, shorter wavelengths (violet, blue) scatter more
than longer wavelengths.
Q40) Why does the sun appear white at noon?
a) Red scatters the most
b) Light is least scattered
c) Blue scatters the most
d) All colors are scattered equally
Answer: (b) Light is least scattered
Explanation: At noon, sunlight travels through the least atmospheric distance, so minimal
scattering occurs and sun appears white.

Note: This comprehensive set of 40 MCQs covers all major topics from the Class 10 Science
chapter "Light - Human Eye and Colourful World" including eye structure, vision defects,
dispersion, rainbow formation, atmospheric refraction, and scattering of light. These questions
are ideal for concept clearing and exam preparation.