I~

I SCIENCE - Code no. 086

SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER*
CLASS - X (2025-26)
Max. Marks: 80 Time Allowed: 3 hours
General Instructions:
(i) This question paper consists of 39 questions in 3 sections. Section A is Biology,
Section B is Chemistry and Section C is Physics.
(ii) All questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice is provided in some
questions. A student is expected to attempt only one of these questions.

Section - A Marks

1 Select the group in which all organisms have the same mode of nutrition. 1
1:-· Cuscuta, yeast, legumes, ieeches and tapeworm
B. Cactus, ticks, lice, leeches and cow
C. Cuscuta, ticks, lice, leeches and tapeworm
D. Cactus, grass, lice, lion and tapeworm

2 Which of the following options indicates the products formed after breakdown 1
of the glucose in our muscle cells when there is lack of oxygen?
A. Ethanol + carbon dioxide + Energy
B. Lactic acid + Energy
C. Lactic acid + carbon monoxide + Energy
D. Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy

3 Which of the following is a correct combination of function and part of the 1

brain?
A. Posture and baiance: Cerebrum
B. Salivation: Medulla in midbrain
C. Hunger: Pons in hindbrain
D. Blood pressure: Medulla in hindbrain

4 The blood glucose level in a patient was very high. It may be due to 1
inadequate secretion of:
A. growth hormone from pituitary gland
B. oestrogen from ovary
C. insulin from pituitary gland
D. insulin from pancreas

5 In a cross between black furred rabbit (B) and white fu rred rabbit (b), all 1
offspring we re found to have black fur. What can be inferred about the genetic
makeup of the parent rabbits? I
A. BB X bb
B. Bb X Bb
C. Bb X bb
D. bb X bb
. Please note that the assessment scheme of the /\c11cl,m1
0 ,
c Session 20;t4-25 will continue ,n the current session
i.e. 2025-26.
6 Which are the correct statements related to ozone?
(i) Ozone layer helps in increasing the UV radiations reaching earth.
(ii) Ozone is a deadly poison .
(iii) Ozone layer shields the earth from UV radiations.
(iv). Ozone !ayer prevents UV rays which cause skin cancer.
(v) Ozone is formed with the help of Chforoflurocarbons.

A. (i), (ii}, (iii)

B. (ii), {iii), (iv)
C. (iii), (iv), -(v)
D. (i), (iv), {v)

7 Which of the following human activities has resulted in an incrnase of non- 1

biodegradable substances?
A. Oiganic farming
B. Increase in tree plantation
C. Use of plastic as packaging material
D. Composting of kitchen waste

The following two questions consist of two statements - Assertion (A) and Reason (R).
Answer these questions by selecting the appropriate option given below:
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true, and R is not the correct expianation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true.

8 Assertion (A): Tallness of a pea plant is controlled by an enzyme.

Reason (R): The gene for that enzyme makes proteins which help the plant to
be tall.

9 Assertion .(A): Vulture will always have the least amount of pesticides in a food 1
chain.
Reason (R) : Vulture occupies the last trophic level and it gets only 10% of
energy of the previous trophic level.

1O Unlike animals, plants do not have any excretory products as they do not eat 2
food. Comment upon the statement with justification. ·

11 Students to attempt either option A or B. 2

A. How many chambers are there in the heart of the following organisms?
How is mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood prevented in their
body?
(i) Fishes
(ii) Humans
OR
B. Explain the mechanism by which the water is transported in plants?

12 About 100 acres of forest land was declared as Natural reserve park. The 2
following organisms were predominant in the Natural reserve park:

•Ptease note that the assessment scheme of the Academic Session 2024-25 will continue in the current session
i.e. 2025-26.
 ke, trees, bird ,
ter insects , zebra, peacock, sna
rabb!t, frog , grass, fish , fox, wa
k.
owl , insects, tiger, vulture , duc
different
two separate food chains with
Create a food web comprising
data.
producers by using the above
impulses? 3
ve cells help in transmission of
13 Draw and explain how the ner
ds (RRyy) were 3
a gen etic exp erim ent , pla nts with pure round green see
14 In
ed yellow seeds (rrYY).
crossed with pf ants with wrinkl
(i) Sh ow the gametes formed
(ii) A tota l of 144 seeds were
Sh ow the ratio in which these
when F1 was self-pollinated .
produced which developed into
traits are independently inh
saplings.
erit ed in
II
these144 sapling.

15 Neha consumed boiled sweet

potatoes and boi led eggs for bre
akfast. Help her
d taken by her
4
I
process of digestion of the foo
to understand some steps in the
by answering the questions giv
en below. I
Att em pt eith er sub par t A or B.
ch part of the
s is rich in proteins? In whi
A. Which of these food item e the
of this component initiated? Nam
alimentary can al is the digestion d with the
d and the glands associate
enzymes, conditions require I
digestion here.
OR
tains fats? How is it digested?
B. Which of these food items con estion initiated?
C. Which of these food items
is rich in starch? How is its dig
entary canai.
resents parts of the human alim
D. The figure given beiow rep ed food as
the maximum amount of digest
Which of these parts will have
is completed?
soon as the process of digestion
I
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i
I

al
f ig ure: Huma n Alim e nta ry can

i .
Session 2024 -25 will cont inue ' 1111e curr ent session
ent scheme of the Aca dem ic
•p/e ase note that the assessm
i.e. 2025_25_
 For visually impaired students

D. How will the digested food be taken up by the alimentary canal?

16 Attempt either option A or B.

A . Puneet wanted to -grow banana plants.

(i) Based on your knowledge on plant reproduction should he opt for seeds
or any alternate method of reproduction. Justify your answer.
(ii) Offsprings of a banana plant usually show very little variation . What
causes variation and are variations good or bad? Justify.
OR
B. Annie was conducting research on the number of fruits produced by
watermelon under different conditions . She grew 25 watermelon plants
each in both giass house A and B. She introduced pollinators in glass
house A only.
(i) What difference will she observe in the number of fruits produced in the
two glass houses? Explain with reason.
{ii) List 3 changes that will occur in a flower once it gets fertilized .
! Section - B
17
Which of the following equations represent redcx reactions and what are the
values for 'p' and 'q' in these equations?
Equation 1: -Fe203(s) + 2Al(s) --+- Ab03 (s) + p Fe(I) + heat
Equation 2 : 2C4H10(g) + 1302(9) --4 8C02(g)+ ·q H20 (g)
A . Only equation 1 is a redox reaction, p =1 and q=3
B. Both equations 1 and 2 are redox reactions, p= 2 and q=4
C. Only equation 2 is a redox reaction, p= 2 and q= 1O
D. Both equations 1 and 2 are redox reactions, p= 2 and q=10
I

' 18 Four statements about the reactions of oxides with dilute hydrochloric acid and
aqueous sodium hydroxide are listed.
I. Alumin ium oxide reacts with both dilute hydrochloric acid and aqueous
sodium hydroxide.
II. Calcium oxide reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid and aqueous sodium
hydroxide.
Ill. Zinc oxide reacts with both dilute hydrochloric acid and aqueous sodium
hydroxide.
IV.Sulphur dioxide does not react with either dilute hydrochloric acid or
aqueous sodium hydroxide.
Which statem ents are correct?
A. I and II
B. I and Ill
C. II and IV
D. Ill and IV

' Please note tha t the assessment scheme of the Academic Session 2024-25 will continue in the current session
i.e. 2025-26.
 --
~-
7
~' 19 An iron nail is added t0 each of the two test tubes 'P' and 'Q ' containing
1
aque ous copp er (II) s I h t e, and aqueous silver nitrate respectively. Which of
;rs

the foll . b uP a
owin g O servation is correct? , ,
. . .
A. In test. tube 'P' iron na1·1 ·Is coated with a blue coating and m test tube Q
there Is no reaction.
B. !ron nail is coated with a brown coating in test tube 'P' and silver coating
in test tube 'Q '.
C. There is no reaction in either of the test tubes 'P' or 'Q'.
D. There is no reaction in test tube 'P' but a silver coating on i;on nail is I
seen in test tube 'Q '. I
I
I

ic acid and to aqueous sodium I

20 Methyl oran ge is added to dilute hydrochlor 1
orange in each solution?
hydroxide. Wha t is the colour of the methyl
Sam ple colo ur in dilute colo ur in aque ous I I

hydrochloric acid sodium hydroxide

A Orange Red

8 Red Yellow

C Red Orange

D Yellow Red

I Which of the following substance s when dissolved in equal volume of water,

I

21 1
?
will have the highest pH value
A Sulphuric acid
8 . Acetic acid
C. Magnesium hydroxide
D. Sodium hydro xide
through lime water, the milki ness
22 When excess of carbon dioxide is passed 1
disappears because
to wate r soluble calci um
A. water soluble calcium carbonate converts
bicarbonate.
to wate r soluble calcium
B. insoluble calcium carbonate converts
bicarbonate.
erts to insoluble calcium
C. water soluble calcium carbonate conv
bicarbonate.
insoluble calcium bicarbonate.
D. insoluble calcium carbonate converts to
chloride with aqueous solution of
23 In the reaction of aqueous solution of barium
sodium sulphate, the aqueous solution form
ed will be: '
A BaCl2
B. BaSO4
C. Na2SO4
D. NaCl
er
ments - Assertion (A) and Reas on (R). Answ
The following question consists of two state
option given below :
these questions by selecting the appropriate
nation of A.
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct expla
ct expla nation of A.
B. Both A and R are true, and R is not the corre
the Academic Session 2024-25 wH/ contin ue in the curren t ses ·
'Please note that the assessment scheme of sion
i.e. 2025-26.
 C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true.
1
24 Assertion (A): C 4H8, C4H6 and C4H10 are members of the same homologous
series
Reason .(R): C 4H8 , C 4H6 , C3H4, C3H6, C2H4, C2H2 are unsaturated
hydrocarbons.

25 The following activity is set-up in the science lab by the teacher.

.2
He clamped an aluminium wire on a stand and fixed a pin to the free end of
the wire ,using wax. Then he heated the wire with a burner from the end where
the wire is clamped. Students observed the pin fall off.

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A. If the teacher replaces aluminium wirn by silver wire, will the s tudents'
observation change? Justify your answer.
B. Wili the aluminium wire melt? Give reason for your answer.

26 Attempt either option A or B.

A. An element 'X' is stored in kerosene, and cannot be extracted from its ore
3
I
I
using a reducing agent. 'X' forms an ionic compound on reaction with
chlorine. I
(i) Can we store 'X' in water? Give reason to support your answer. i
(ii) Identify element 'X'. Name the process used and write the equation for
extraction of 'X' from its ore.
OR
B. The domes of many building in Europe are made of copper. These domes
now appear greenish in colour.
(i) Why do the domes appear greenish though copper is orange-red in
colour?
(ii) In your opinion, should the copper domes be replaced by iron domes to
overcome the problem of change of colour of copper domes?
(iii) Domes used to be made from thin sheets of metals. Why did the ancient
architects use copper to make domes?

27 Amrita electrolysed distilled water using the set-up shown in figure 1. She was 3
expecting two gases to be evolved at the anode and cathode respectively

' Please note that the assessment scheme of the Acaclemic Session 2024-25 will continue in the current session
i.e. 2025-26.
 Fig.1
s .u ~denly, she realised that the bulb in the circuit did not glow when she used
d1st11led water (figure 2)

\ Bulb

I C.midrg
Wire

\ I I
l~:r::. :_i distilled water

Fig. 2
\
I After this realization, she added a substance to the distilled water for
electrolysis to take place.
Answer the following questions based on the information given above:
A. Which gas was she expecting to be formed at the anode and which one
at the cathode respectively?
B. Why did the bulb not glow when Amrita passed electricity through
distilled water?
C. Which substance was added by Amrita to distilled water to get the
\ expected result?

I For visually impaired students

Identify the type of reaction:
A. ZnO + C ~ Zn + CO
B. ZnC03 heat ~ ZnO + CO2
C. 2Mg + 0 2 _ _.,. 2 MgO + heat

28 Sara took 2 ml of dilute NaOH solution in a test tube and added two drops of 4
phenolphthalein solution to it. The solution turned pink in colour. She added
dilute H2S04 to the above solution drop by drop until the solution in the test
tube became colourless. 40 drops of dilute H2S04 were used for the change in

·P/ease note that the assessment scheme of the Academic Session 2024· 25 will continue in the current session
i.e. 2025-26.
 colour from pink to colourless. When Sara added a drop of NaOH to the
solution, the colour changed to back to pink again .
Sara now tried the activity with different volumes of NaOH and recorded her
observation in the table given below:

S. No. Volume of dil. Drops of dil.

NaOH taken (ml) H2S04 used

2 20
2 3 30 I
I
I
3 4 40 '
Answer the following questions based on the above information:

A. If Sara used concentrated H2S0 4 in place of dilute H2S04, how many drops
will be required for the c hange in colour to be observed?
~)4o
(b) < 4 0
/
I
1
I
I
{c) >40
/1
Justify youi answer. II
B. Sara measured 20 drops of dil. H2S04 and found its volume to be 1 ml. ff
Sara observed a change in colour cf NaoH solution by using 3 ml of
H2S04, how many ml of NaOH did she add to the test tube initially?
I i1
I
1/

OR
Sara takes 10 drops of dilute H2S04 in the test tube and adds two drops of
pheno!phthalein solution to it. Then she adds NaOH dropwise. Sara
I I/
observes a change in colour after adding 20 drops of NaOH. What change
in colour would she observe and why?
C. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction taking place in the
above experiment. Which of the foilowing is true and why? The reaction is
a
(a) neutralisation and double displacement reaction
(b) neutralisation and precipitation reaction
I
(c) precipitation and double dispiacement reaction
(d) neutralisation, double displacement as weli as precipitation reaction.

29 Attempt either option A or B. 5

A. A hydrocarbon with the formula CxHy undergoes complete combustion as
shown in the following equation :
2CxHy + 902....., 6C0 2 + 6H20.
(a ) What are the values of 'x' and 'y'?
(b) Give the chemical (IUPAC) name of the hydrocarbon.
(c) Draw its electron dot structure.
(d) Name the alcohol which on heating with cone. H2S04 will produce the
above hydrocarbon CxHy.

*Please note Iha/ the assessment scheme of the Academic Session 2024-25 will continue in the current session
i.e. 2025-26.
 (e) Write a balanced che .
hydrogen gas in mica! equation for the reaction of CxHy with
presence of Nickel.

B. The electronic structures o OR

f atoms P and Q are shown below

Based on the information given above, answer the following questions:

(a) If P and Q combine to form a compound, what type of bond is formed
between them?
(b) Give the chemical formula of the compound formed.
\ (c) The compound so formed is dissolved in water. Is the resultant solution
acidic or basic in nature? Justify your answer.
(d) Write the chemical equation for the reaction between 'Q' and ethanol.
\ (e) What will be the formula of the compound formed when 'P' undergoes
bonding with carbon?

I For visually impaired students

A. A hydrocarbon with the formula CxHy undergoes complete combustion as

shown in the following equation:
2CxHy + 902 - 6C02 + 6H20.
(a) What are the values of 'x' and 'y'?
(b) Give the chemical (IUPAC) name of the hydrocarbon.
(c) Is CxHy a saturated or an unsaturated hydrocarbon?
(d) Name the alcohol which on heating with cone. H2S04 will produce the
above hydrocarbon CxHy.
(e) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of CxHy with
hydrogen gas in presence of Nickel.
OR
B. Oxygen can combine with both metals and non-metals. It combines with
Calcium to form CaO and with carbon to form CO2.
(a) What type of bond is formed between carbon and oxygen?
(b) Identify the type of bond formed between Calcium and oxygen.
(c) Which of the above compounds will be a good conductor of electricity
in molten state and why?
(d) Comment on the physical state (solid, liquid or gas) of Cao and CO2.
(e) What is the valency of carbon in CO2?

' Please note that the assessment scheme of the Academic Session 2024-25 will continue in the current session
i.e. 2025-26.
r----- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
Section - C

30 Arnav was making notes and he wrote down the following statemen ts from his
understanding of reflection from curved surfaces.
I. Concave mirrors can produce both real and virtual images dependin g on
the position of the object.
II. Convex mirrors always produce real, inverted images regardles s of the
object's position.
Ill. In both concave and convex mirrors, the image location can be

I
determine d using the mirror formula 2. = 2. + 2. where f is the focal length,
f V ll
1 v is the image distance, and u is the object distance.
Choose from the following the correct option that lists the correct statement s
about reflection from curved surfaces.
A. I and 11
B. I, II and Iii
C. II and Ill
D. I and Ill

31 Choose the correct option from the below which e xplains the reason for us to
perceive the day sky as blue.
A. As sunlight passes through the atmosphere, shorter wavelengths, such
as blue are scattered more than other colors.
B. The sky appears blue because all colors arB scattered equally, but
blue light is stronger and more visible to the human eye.
C. The blue color of the sky is due to longer wavelengths like red and
orange scattering more than shorter wavelengths, making blue stand
out more.
D. The atmosphe re contains blue-colored particles that give the sky its
blue appearan ce.

The following question consists of two statements - Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer
these questions by selecting the appropriate option given below:
/... Both A and Rare true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and Rare true, and R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true.

32 Assertion (A): A point object is pl aced at a distance of 26 cm from a convex

mirror of focal length 26 cm. The image will not form at infinity.
1 I . 1 .
Reason (R)·. For above given system the equation -:= -V + -II gives v =
I CX>.

"Please note II1at theaSsess ment scheme of the l'icfldemic

<
Session 2024-25 will continue in the current session
i.e. 2025-26.
 2

The above image shows the formation of an image with an optical instrument.
\ A. .Identify the optical instrument (shown schematically as a rectangle) in
\ the image.
\ \ B. What type of image is formed in this case?
i C. Based on the measurements given in the image, calculate the focal

I
length of the instrument~ ____________ _

I \ For visually impaired students

I 1 \
A. Under what conditions can a convex iens form a virtual image?
\ \
1
B. Why does a piece of paper catch fire if we allow sunlight to pass
I I I
through a convex lens onto the paper?
I l - - + - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -t------1
\ \ 34 Attempt either option A or B. 2
1
III .I A.
\i I 4n 8
Ar -I./WV\f·- •--J

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I

II
II en Bn

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l@_
+___ _,_.1

Find out the following in the electric circuit given in the figure-
(i) Effective resistance of two 8 ohm resistors in the combination .
(ii) Current flowing through the 4-ohm resistor
OR

•Please note that the assessment scheme of the Academic Session 2024-25 will continue in the current session
i.e. 2025-26.

b=======================================================!.J
L

B.

24 U

Study the circuit and find out-

(i) Current in 12 ohm r-esistor
(ii) Difference in the ·readings of ammeter .A.1 and A2 if any

--------------
For visuailv impaired students
A . You are given four resistors each having resistance of R ohm. Find the
maximum and minimum resistance that can be made v.rith these four
rnsistors.
OR
B. A copper wire has a length L=2 m , a cross-sectional area A=0.5 mm 2 , and
resistivity p=1 .7x1Q-s 0-m. Calculate the resistance of another wire m!=lde
of the same material whose length is twice the length of the wire but has
the same cross-sectional area.
35
3

The above image shows a corrective measure for a particular defect of vision.
(i) Identify the defect of vision and state what kind of lens is used to correct
this deficiency.
(ii) Draw and label a ray diagram that shows the defect of vision in the above
case before correction.

For visually impaired students

(i) What is dispersion of light?

"Please note that the assessment scheme of the Academic Session 2024-25 will continue in the current session
i.e . 2025-26.
ki(i)~E~~;; ;~==-========~
i t:xplain the condition und
(iii) Give one reason th t
. .
er which dispersion happens?
a causes presbyopia.
36 A stu~ent needs to make a 0 .12 .
mm diameter. Resistivity f O ~esistor. She has some copper wire of 0.80 3
(i) Determine the o cop~er is 1.8 x 1o-aOm
(ii) Calculate the cross-sec~1onal area of the wire.
leng th of wire required for the 0.12 O resistor.
37 Magnetic field lines are h .
statement that th ~ ~wn in the given diagram. A student makes a 3
(i) . _e magnetic field at X is stronger than at Y.
.. Explain With reason if the student's claim is correct.
(n) Also redraw the diagram and mark the direction of magnetic field lines.
'(

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The above image is that of a Digital Single Lense Reflector (DSLR) Camera
which are used to take high resolution photographs by professional
photographers. The second image of the above two is a schematic diagram of
how an image is formed on the sensor of the camera. Based on your
understanding of the lenses, answer the following questions.
A. What type of lens is used in the DSLR camera shown in the image?
B. What type of image is formed on the sensor?
Attempt either subpart C or D.
C. A photograp her is using a DSLR camera with a lens of focal length
f=50 mm to take a close-up photograph of a small object. The lens
projects an image onto the camera sensor that is located 60 mm behind
the lens. Calculate the object distance (i.e., the distance between the
object and the lens).

"Please note Iha/ the assessment scheme of the Academic Session 2024-25 will conlinlle in
the cllrrent session
i.e. 2025-26.
■

OR t ke a icture of a flower.
D. A photogra pher is using a DSLR camert to ~ ca~era lens. The actual
The flower is positioned 150 mm away_ rom e. ht formed on the
height of the flow~r is 80 mm, a nd th e imagec~~~~late the focal length of
camera' s sensor Is measur€ d to be 20 mm.
the camera lens.
For visuallv imoaired students
Zarina worked as an apprenti ce in a factory wh ere fl as hi'·19 hts and
.
solar cookers
. t
are made. She learnt to make the circuits, the design of the light-box a nd Ilg'.''
concent rators of the solar cookers as well. She learnt the uses of lenses
in
making all those tools. Based on your understa nding ·of lenses, answer the
1
following question s.

A. What kind -of lenses are used in the flashligh t and light concent rator of the
solar-co oker?
B. Give reasons for your choices in your answer for part A.
Attempt either suboart C or D.

-C. An object is placed 40 cm away from a lens which is normally used in a

I
solar-co oker. The image formed is twice the size of the object. Calculat e I!
the focal length of the lens. Ii
OR
i
I
!
i
D. An object is placed 20 cm in front of a lens which is used in a flashligh t,
and the image is formed 10 -cm away from the lens on the same side as
the object. Calculat e the focal iength of the lens.

39 Attempt either option A or B.

5
A.

' 25 0

The arrangem ent of resistors shown in the above figure is connecte d to a

battery. ;
The power dissipation in the 100 O resistor is 81 W . Calculate
(i) the current in th e circuit
(ii) th e reading in the voltmete r V2
(iii) th e reading in the voltmete r V,

"Please note I/Ja l the assessmen t scheme of the Academic Session 2024-25 will
continue in the currenl session
i.e. 2025-26.

l
 ~
OR
B.

~ 240V~

l
H A I
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B ~
52
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~ C 53
!
An electric heater consists of three similai heating elements A, B and C,
IiI I connected as shown in the figure above. Each heating element is rated as 1.2

Il
kW, 240 V and has constant resistance. S1, S2 and S3 are respective
switches.
The circuit is connected to a 240 V supply.
(i) Calculate the resistance of one heating element.
(ii) Calculate the current in each resistor when only S1 and S3 are
closed.
(iii) Calculate the power dissipated acmss A when S1, S2 and S3are
closed.
----- ---------
For visually impaired students

A.
(i) Explain why in household circuits only the fuse is connected in series
with all the rest of the appliances but all appliances are connected in
parallel to each other.
(ii) In a household circuit, an electric heater of power 1500 Wand a fan of
power 500 W are connected in parallel to a 220 V supply. A fuse rated
for 10 A is connected to the circuit to protect it from excessive current.
(a} Calculate the total current drawn by the heater and the fan.
(b) Determine whether the 10 A fuse is appropriate for this circuit or
if it will blow.
OR
B. Two resistors, R1=6 Q and R2=12 0 , are connected in parallel to a 24V
battery. The circuit operates for 5 minutes.
(i) Calculate the total heat generated in both resistors.
(ii) If each resistor has a power rating of 100 W, determine whether it is safe
to use these resistors in the circuit.

·Ptease nole Iha/ the assessment scheme of the Academic Session 2024-25 will co I' ·
i.e. 2025-26. n Jnl/e in the Cllrrenl session