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 Light in Engineering, Architecture
and the Environment

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 FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON LIGHTING IN
ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURE AND THE ENVIRONMENT

LIGHT IN ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURE

AND THE ENVIRONMENT

CONFERENCE CHAIRMEN

K. Domke
Poznan University of Technology, Poland
C.A. Brebbia
Wessex Institute of Technology, UK

INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC ADVISORY COMMITTEE

W. Bonenberg
D. Gasparovsky
J. Grzonkowski
R. Nawrowski
P. Rombauts
J. Schanda
J. Suchanek
W. Zagan

Organised by
Wessex Institute of Technology, UK
Poznan University of Technology, Poland

Sponsored by
WIT Transactions on the Built Environment
 WIT Transactions
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Wessex Institute of Technology
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Netherlands K Yoshizato Hiroshima University, Japan
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Netherlands Technology, Hong Kong
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Alicante, Spain Canada
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S Walker Imperial College, UK G Zharkova Institute of Theoretical and
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J R Whiteman Brunel University, UK
Light in Engineering, Architecture
and the Environment

Editors

K. Domke
Poznan University of Technology, Poland
&
C.A. Brebbia
Wessex Institute of Technology, UK
Editors
K. Domke
Poznan University of Technology, Poland
C.A. Brebbia
Wessex Institute of Technology, UK

Published by

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Ashurst Lodge, Ashurst, Southampton, SO40 7AA, UK
Tel: 44 (0) 238 029 3223; Fax: 44 (0) 238 029 2853
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British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A Catalogue record for this book is available
from the British Library

ISBN: 978-1-84564-550-2
ISSN: 1746-4498 (print)
ISSN: 1743-3509 (online)

The texts of the papers in this volume were set

individually by the authors or under their supervision.
Only minor corrections to the text may have been carried
out by the publisher.

No responsibility is assumed by the Publisher, the Editors and Authors for any injury and/or
damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or
from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the
material herein. The Publisher does not necessarily endorse the ideas held, or views expressed
by the Editors or Authors of the material contained in its publications.
© WIT Press 2011
Printed in Great Britain by Martins the Printer.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the Publisher.
 Preface

The light – a mysterious, weightless, almost non-material substance, that

surrounds all of us, that brings the peace of the day at every dawn, that
extends the space around us, making it accessible to our senses and that
impacts our life, activity and esthetic sensations. The symbol of divinity,
life, truth and beauty. A force that guarantees life throughout the Earth’s
entire biosphere. Human civilization is a history of the man’s struggle to
control and subdue light: the first camp fires, torches, cressets, candles,
kerosene lamps and at the end all possible kinds of electric lamps, each one
more efficient than the previous one – such are the stages of the rise of our
civilization. Our efforts yield increasingly spectacular results. Our current,
very efficient light sources let us disregard the rule of day and night. Not
only can we freely shape our light environment, but also use the light to
send information, cure ailments and enhance our esthetic sensations.

The light is the key and unifying force to all the book’s sections. The
light for architectural purposes, required by people indoors for work and
leisure, the light that models architectural shapes from inside and outside to
make them more attractive, the light in the road that makes it safe and
accessible even at night, the light boosting our activity and bringing us relief
in sickness and suffering.

Scientist dealing with lighting technologies, architects and experts in

other fields of science and art related to the use of light met in Poznañ,
Poland, in 2011. The meeting was a chance for an in-depth discussion on
various aspects of the use of light for all kinds of technological purposes,
art, medicine and environment. New calculation methods and tools, computer
aided visualization of illuminated objects, improvements in design of
architectural objects and construction of lighting equipment, issues related
to improvements in their operating, measurement of quantity and quality of
light and efficiency matters were the meeting’s main topics. The book’s
sections present the most interesting papers presented during the Conference.
The First International Conference on Lighting in Engineering, Architecture
and the Environment was organized as a venue to share concepts in
technology, art and human arts. The marriage of the sacred and the profane
seems to actually enrich both sides, rendering the works of man both better
in terms of technology and their symbolism more easily understood.

The Editors
Poznan, 2011
 Contents

Section 1: Architectural lighting design and applications

The dynamic lighting technique in indoor architecture

F. Patania, A. Gagliano, F. Nocera, A. Galesi & J. Caserta .............................. 3

Street lighting design for a traditional city: a case study of Jesi, Italy
A. Srisuwan........................................................................................................ 13

Natural light in traditional architecture of Iran: lessons to remember

F. Ahani ............................................................................................................. 25

Design of parametric software tools: optimizing future health care

performance by integrating evidence-based knowledge in
architectural design and building processes
J. B. Sabra & M. Mullins................................................................................... 37

Application of modern models of sustainable architecture in the

use of natural light and effective utilization of energy in schools:
a comparative study of Glasgow and Isfahan
M. Nilforoushan, R. Hanna & H. Sadeghi Naeini ............................................. 51

Qualitative and quantitative daylight optimisation by shading

device experimentation
M. Fajkus........................................................................................................... 59

Pedagogical models from a lighting design studio

A. O. Asojo......................................................................................................... 71

The sound of daylight: the visual and auditory nature of designing

with natural light
D. J. Butko ......................................................................................................... 81
Section 2: Illumination of architectural objects

Computer visualizations of architectural building illumination

S. Mroczkowska ................................................................................................. 95

Some aspects of architectural lighting of historical buildings

M. Górczewska ................................................................................................ 107

Section 3: Outdoor lighting

Digital billboards and road safety

K. Domke, K. Wandachowicz, M. Zalesińska,
S. Mroczkowska & P. Skrzypczak .................................................................... 119

Assessment and measurement of energy demand and efficiency in

public lighting networks
D. Gasparovsky, P. Schwarcz & P. Janiga...................................................... 133

Performance of LED street lights in hot environments

R. Saraiji, A. Harb & M. O. Hamdan .............................................................. 147

Visibility concept in road lighting

M. Zalesińska................................................................................................... 159

Section 4: Indoor lighting design and applications

A critical analysis of the methodology for calculation of the

Lighting Energy Numerical Indicator (LENI)
D. Gasparovsky, E. Erkin, S. Onaygil & A. Smola .......................................... 173

A lighting study for air traffic control towers

S. Grignaffini & M. Romagna.......................................................................... 185

Section 5: Light and human health

Optimizing lighting design for hospital wards by defining user zones

N. Thuesen, L. Stidsen, P. H. Kirkegaard, H. Harder & V. Suenson............... 199

Patients’ light preferences in hospital wards:

related to light atmosphere in Danish homes
L. Stidsen, H. S. Bjerrum, P. H. Kirkegaard, N. Thuesen
& A. M. Fisker ................................................................................................. 211
Examples of the application of light-tissue interaction
to biomedical engineering
A. Cysewska-Sobusiak, A. Hulewicz, Z. Krawiecki & G. Wiczynski................ 223

Section 6: Special paper

Capturing the light

P. P. Strona...................................................................................................... 237

Author Index .................................................................................................. 249

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 Section 1
Architectural lighting design
and applications
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