1

LESSON NOTES FOR MATHEMATICS P.4 TERM 1- 3

TERM 1

LESSON 1

TOPIC I: SET CONCEPTS

SUB TOPIC: REVISION OF SETS

CONTENT: Definition

A set is a collection of well defined objects.

An element is an object or a thing which belongs to a set.

Naming sets
- A set of tomatoes
- A set of bags
- A set of oranges

Listing members in a set

Eg.

K
1 2
3 0

List the members of set K

Set K = {0,1,2,3}

Counting members in a set

Examples
B

p q r Set B has 5 members therefore n(B) = 5 members

t s n(B) = 5 members

X = r, s, t set X has 3 members

Therefore n(x) = 3 members.
.
ACTIVITY: Exercise on page 1 Nos. 1 – 8 (MK MTC bk 4)

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Remarks.
LESSON 2: CONTENT: Equivalent and non-equivalent sets.
Equivalent sets are sets with the same number of members but they are not the same

Symbol

Example.
M = (1, 2, 3, 4) N= (a, e,i, o)
Set M is equivalent to set N
Or M N
Note: Equivalent sets are also called matching sets.

Non – Equivalent sets

These are sets which do not have the same number of members.
Symbol

Example
P = a, b, c Q = p, q, u, s
Set P and Q are non – equivalent, non matching sets.

Activity: Exercise 1 (MK New edition) page 6.

Remarks.

LESSON 3:
TOPIC: SET CONCEPTS
SUB-TOPIC: TYPES OF SETS
CONTENT: EQUAL SETS AND EQUIVALENT SETS
Equal sets:
Equal sets are sets which have the same number of elements which are exactly the same.
Examples:
D E
a e a u o
I o u e i
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Symbol =

Set D and E are equal sets

Equivalent sets.
Equivalent sets are sets with the same number of members but they are not the same.

Examples:
Set A = {a, b, c, d} B ={1, 2, 3, 4}
Set A and B are equivalent sets.
Symbol

Non equivalent sets

Set K = {0, 2,4,6,8}
Set M = {1, 3,5 ,6}
Set K = set M

ACTIVITY: Exercise 1G page 8 (MK New Edition)

LESSON 4:
CONTENT: EMPTY SETS
Empty sets are sets which do not have members or a set whose members cannot be found.
NB: Empty sets are also called “Null sets”

Symbol or { }

Examples

(a) R S

1, 5, 7

Set R is an empty set.

(b) A set of goats with 5 legs each is an empty set.

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ACTIVITY: Exercise 1b and 1 C page 2 (Mk New edition)

Remarks.

LESSON 5:
CONTENT: Even and Odd sets.
Even sets are sets whose members can all be paired

Example:
P Set P has 4 members.
Members of set P have all been paired, therefore it is an even sets.

Note:An empty set is an even set.

Odd sets
Odd sets are sets whose members can not all be paired. i.e they give a remainder when their
members are paired.
Example:
U Not all members of set U have been paired. Therefore it is an odd set.

a d e
b c g
f

ACTIVITY: Exercise 1(d) and 1 (e) page 3 and 4 (New Edition of MK)

Remarks:

LESSON 6:
SUBTOPIC :INTERSECTION OF SETS.
CONTENT: Symbol for intersection “”
Intersection sets
Examples:
P = (a, b, c, d, e)q = (a, e, i, o ,u)
Find (i) PQ. = (a, e)

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n (P  Q) = 2 elements
Note: Sets without common members are non – intersecting sets.
Identify the common elements by circling or ticking.
Examples
W = {1, 2, 3, 4} N = {a, b, c}
Set W and N are non – intersecting sets.
Note: Use only curry brackets when listing elements of set concepts.

Drawing Venndiagrams and shading the intersection.

Example:-
- Shading the intersection set.
A B
A  B is shaded.

ACTIVITY:
Exercise 1H page 10 (MK New edition) or Exercise 7 page 10 (Oxford Primary MTC Bk 4)
Remarks

LESSON 7: Listing members in the intersection

Example:
Set U Set V
1.
0, 1, 2 1, 3
3, 4, 5 5, 7, 9

U V
0 2 1 7
4 3 5 9  U  V = 1, 3, 5

2. Set D = p, q, r, s, t 
Set E = f, g, r, p 
 D  E = p, r

Number of elements in the intersection

Examples:
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Set S = { g, o, a, t } T = {r, o, t}
S  T = {o, t} Therefore; number of elements in the intersection set are 2.
n(ST) = 2 elements
Set
X Y
l, o, a, f b, l, u, f

X Y
o, a l, f b, u

X Y = {l, f}
n(X Y) = 2 elements

LESSON 8:
CONTENT: UNION OF SETS AND INTERSECTION
A Union set is a collection of all the members in the given sets.
Symbol; U
Listing of members in union sets.

Examples
If P = {a, e, i, o, u} Q = {a, b, c, d, e}
What is P U Q?
P  Q = {a, e, i, o, u, b, c, d}
N.B: All common members are written once.

Listing members of the union set

Example:
G H

f i s h f e e t h

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Drawing venn diagrams and shading.

Examples:
G H

Shade G  H
G H

G H
f,i, s, h f, e, e, t ,h
G H
f e
i s
h

G  H = {i, s, f, h, e, }
 Number of elements in the union set are 5
n(GH) = 5 elements.

LESSON 9: DIFFERENCE OF SETS

These are members of a set that exist in only on set .e. set A – B means members of set A only.

Example:
Set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
B = { 0, 2, 4, 6, 8}
Note: Members of a given set only is got without common members.
Find members of
(i) Set A only = 1, 3, 5
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(ii) Set B only = 0, 6, 8

Members of set A only is represented by A – B
Members of set B only is shown as B – A
Showing the difference of sets on venn diagrams.
AB AB
A B

A only (A – B) B only ( B – A)
A B A B

Set A Set B

ACTIVITY:
Draw and shade these regions
(i) A but not B
(ii) AB
(iii) Set B
(iv) B – A
(v) A- B
LESSON 10:
CONTENT: REPRESENTING ELEMENTS ON A VENN DIAGRAM
Examples:
X ={1, 6, 3, 4, 9}
Y = {4, 6, 7,10, 11}
Represent the two sets on a venn diagram.
X Y
1 3 710
96 4 11

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List members of
X only = 1, 3, 9
Y – X =7,10,11
X Y = 4, 6
ACTIVITY
Set M = {a, b,c,d,e}
N={a, e,i, o, u}
(a) Represent the two sets on the venn diagram below
N M

(b) Use your venn diagram to answer the following:-

(i) MN (v) P-Q
(ii) MN (vi) n(Q – P)
(iii) n(P)only (vii) n(Q)only
(iv) n(Q)
REMARKS

LESSON 11:
SUB TOPIC SUBSETS
CONTENT:
Definition
At this level only use listing
A subset is a set of members got from a given set. method
An empty set is a subsetof any set
A set is a subset of itself (its called a super set).
A mother set s also a subset of itself.

Symbol

Symbol for not subset

Listing subsets

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Set P = {1, 2, 3}

The subsets are:;

, 1, 2, 3, 1, 3, 2, 3, 1, 2,3 , 1, 2 ,

LESSON 12

THEME : NUMERACY

TOPIC: Whole Numbers

(1) In words

Example MK Primary Mathematics book 4 (Old Edition)

(i) 4 5 6 3 Exercise 2b page 20.

Ones
Tens
Hundreds

Thousands
In figures

(ii) 3 6 5 8 2

1 ones

10 tens

100 hundreds

1000 thousands

10000 ten thousands

(iii) Representing numbers on abacus.

Example

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6 3 7 0 Encourage children to use

mainly beads.
TH H T O

6 3 7 0

LESSON 13
SUBTOPIC: VALUES OF DIGITS IN NUMBERS
Example: 1
What is the value of each in the number7 4 6 3 2
TthTh H T O
7 4 6 3 2
2x1=2

3 x10= 30

6 x100= 600

4 x1000= 4000

7 x10000= 70000

Example 2
What is the value of 5 in the number
3159

TH H T O
3 1 5 9
5 x 10 = 50

LESSON 14
SUB TOPIC: Expanding numbers using place values
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Example:

1. Expand 3 7 4 6 using its place values

TH H T O
3 7 4 6 Apply all the operations
addition and subtraction of
1 values
10
100
1000

( 3 X 1000) + ( 7 X 100) + ( 4 X 10) + ( 6 X 1)

Example 2
Expand 623 using place values

H T O
6 2 3

1
10
100

6 Hundreds + 2 Tens + 3 Ones

ACTIVITY
Expand these using values
i) 3408
ii) 95664
iii) 8088

Ref
MK Primary Mathematics Book 4 page 24
Exercise 2f

LESSON 15
EXPANDING NUMBERS USING VALUES
Example

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Expand 95614 using its values

T/TH TH H T O
9 5 6 1 4

4x 1 = 4
1x 10 = 10
6x 100 = 600
5x 1000 = 5000
9x 10000 = 90000

 95614 = 90000 +5000 + 600 + 10 + 4

ACTIVITY
MK Primary mathematics Book 4 Page 24

LESSON 16:
SUB TOPIC:EXPANDED NUMBERS
Examples:
(a) What number has been expanded to give 7000
(7 x 1000) + ( 4 x 100) + ( 3 x 10 ) + ( 8 x 1) 400
7000 + 400 + 30 +8 + 30
= 7438 8
7438

(b) What number has been expanded to give

(2 x 10000) + ( 3 x 1000) + ( 2 x 10 ) + ( 1 x 1) 20000
20000 + 3000 + 20 +1 3000

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= 23021 20
+ 1
23021
ACTIVITY
What number has been expanded.
(i) 500 + 70 + 2
(ii) 3000 + 400 + 90 + 2
(iii) (1 x 10,000) + (6 x 100) + (8 x 10) + (3 x 1)
(iv) (7 x 1000) + (9x 100) + (4 x 1)
(v) 5000 + 70 + 8

REMARKS.
LESSON 17

SUBTOPIC : WRITING FIGURES IN WORDS

CONTENT : Example:
Emphasize the spelling of ninety, nineteen
, forty, fourteen, thousand.
(i) Write 4 3 2 6 in words
TH H T O
4 3 2 6

Fourthousandthreehundredtwenty six

(ii) Write 65702 in words

TTH TH H T O
6 5 7 0 2

Sixty five thousand seven hundred two.

ACTIVITY
New MK bk 4 pg 18
LESSON 18
SUB TOPIC : WRITING WORDS IN FIGURES
CONTENT

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Examples
(a) Write twelve thousand four hundred seventy two
TH H T O
12 4 7 2

12000
2x1 = 2 400
7 x10 = 70 70
+ 2
4 x100 = 400
12472
12 x100 = 12000

ACTIVITY
New MK bk 4 pg 18

Exercise 2e

REMARKS.

LESSON 19
SUB TOPIC :ROUNDING OFF TO THE NEAREST TENS
Examples
(a) Round off 92 to the nearest tens
T O
ACTIVITY
9 2
+0 0 New MK Primary Mathematics Bk 4 pg 23-29
9 0

REMARKS
(b) 4 3 6
H T O
4 3 6
+ 1
4 4 0
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LESSON :20
SUB TOPIC : ROUNDING OFF TO NEAREST HUNDREDS AND THOUSANDS
CONTENT
Example:
(a) Round off 356 to the nearest hundreds
H T O ACTIVITY

3 5 6 New MK Primary Mathematics Bk 4 pg 23-29

+1 0 0
4 0 0
REMARKS
(c) Round off 1245 to the nearest hundreds
TH HT O
1 24 5
+ 0 0 0
1 2 0 0

LESSON : 21

TOPIC : WHOLE NUMBERS

SUB TOPIC :ROMAN NUMERALS

CONTENT: Basic Roman Numerals

Example:
Hindu Arabic Roman
Hindu Roman Numerals
Arabic Numerals 10 X
20 XX
30 XXX
40 XL
50 L
60 LX
70 LXX
80 LXXX
90 XC
100 C
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1 I
2 II
3 III
4 IV
5 V
6 VI
7 VII
8 VIII
9 IX

Roman numerals got by repeating 1 or x.

2 = I + I = II = 20 = 10 + 10 = XX
3 = I + I + I = III = 30 = 10 + 10 + 10 = XXX
Roman numerals got by adding to 5
6=5+I 7 = 5+2 8=5+3
6 = VI 7 = VII 8 = VIII
The Roman numerals got by subtracting from 5 or from 50.
4 = 1 subtracted from 5
4 = IV
40 = 10 subtracted from 50
40 = XL

The roman numerals got by subtracting from 10 and 100 e.g. 9 = 1 subtracted from 10.
9 = IX
90 = 10 subtracted from 100 = XC

LESSON :22
Changing from Hindu – Arabic numerals to Roman numerals

Examples: Emphasize
(a) 19 = 10 + 9 (b) 44 = 40 + 4 expansion of
Roman numerals
X + IX XL + IV
= XIX = XLIV

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Activity: Mk Primary Mathematics (New Edition book 5 page 30-32

Changing roman numerals into Hindu Arabic numerals.

Example 1 Example 2
XIV = X + IV Change XXXIX to Hindu Arabic
= 10 + 4 XXXIX = XXX + IX
30 + 9
XIV = 14 XXXIX = 39

ACTIVITY: MK primary mathematics book 4 (New Edition) page 30-32

LESSON :23

SUB TOPIC : WORD PROBLEMS INVOLVING ROMAN AND HINDU ARABI NUMERALS

Example:
(a) Henrys’ age is 8. Write his age in Roman numerals.
8 = VIII
(b) Mukiibi’s vehicle has been driven for 24 months. Write the months in Roman numerals.
24 months
24 = 20 + 4
24 = XX + IV
24 = XXIV
c) There are XLIV pupils in a class. Express the number of pupils in Hindu Arabic numerals
ACTIVITY: MK Primary mathematics bk 4 (New Edition) page 30-32

LESSON 24

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SUBTOPIC : ADDITION OF ROMAN NUMERALS

Examples
i) IX + V (ii) 14 = 10 + 4
= 9+5 = X + IV
= 14 = XIV

iii) XX + VII (iv) 29 = 20 + 9

= 20 + 7 = XX + IX
= 27 = XXIX

v) Find the sum of IV and XXV

Subtraction of Roman numerals

Examples
a) XXXVI - XXII (b) 14 = 10 + 4
= (30 + 6) -(20 + 2) = X + IV
36 – 22 = XIV
14

(c) IX - V (d) 45 = 40 + 5
=9 - 5 XL + V
=4 = XLIV

c) Subtract XII from XXIX

ACTIVITY :
Example 1
(a) XXXIV + XLV (d) XV + XXIX
(b) XCII + XL (e) XXV – V
(c) XXIV – XVI (f) XLIX – XII
Example 2
There are XXIV boys and XIX girls in the class.
a) Fin the total number of pupils in the class
b) How many more boys than girls are in the class?

LESSON 25

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THEME: NUMERACY
TOPC : OPERATION ON WHOLE NUMBERS
SUBTOPIC : Adding up to ten thousand
Examples
1. Add: 7464 + 4425

Arrange these numbers in their place values

TH H T O
7 4 6 4
+ 4 4 2 5
11 8 8 9

2. Add: 4622 + 5043 + 6231

TH H T O
4 6 2 2
5 0 4 3
+ 6 2 3 1
15 8 9 6

ACTIVITY : MK Primary 4 book page 33exercise 3:1 (New edition)

Understanding mathematics bk 4 pg 30

LESSON :26

More addition of numbers

Example:

(i) Add:
 Arrange numbers in their place values

TH H T O  Add by regrouping all numbers (answers) that exceed 9

1 3 7 8
+ 5 8 9
1 9 6 7

(ii) TTH TH H T O
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1 4 3 3 1
+ 2 6 5 1
1 6 9 8 2

ACTIVITY: MK Primary mathematics (New Edition) book 4 page 33-37. Exercise 3:3
Understanding mathematics bk 4 pg 33

LESSON : 27
Addition with word problems
Example:
1. Alice carried 349 books, her brother carried 578 books. How many books were carried
altogether?
Alice carried = 349 books
Her brother = +578 books
Both carried = 927 books

2. Maria bought sugar for shs. 15,000. Soap at shs. 800 and a bunch of Matooke at shs.
3500. How much money did she spend?
Sugar shs. 15,000
Soap shs. 800
Matooke + Shs 3500
Total Expenditure sh. 19,300
3. Paul is 15 years old. Sam is 5 years older than Paul. How old is Sam?

ACTIVITY: Exercise 3c (MK Primary mathematics book 4 (New Edition) pg. 34-36
Understanding MTC bk 4 pg 31

LESSON 28

SUB TOPIC: SUBTRACTION

Examples 1:

1. 246 - 192  Arrange numbers vertically by their place values.

H T O  Subtract impossible numbers by borrowing.

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2 4 6
-1 9 2
0 5 4

Example 2.

2. 530 - 254  Arrange numbers vertically in their place values.

H T O  Subtract by regrouping using tens
5 3 0
-2 5 4
2 7 6

ACTIVITY: Exercise 3d (MK primary book four page38-41 (New Edition)

Understanding MTC bk 4 pg 35

LESSON: 29

SUB TOPIC: SUBTRACTION OF LARGER NUMBERS

Example:

(i) 10246 -3118

TTH TH H T O
1 0 2 4 6
- 3 1 1 8
7 1 2 8 ACTIVITY:

Exercise 3e (MK Primary book four page 44 (New

(ii) 24035 - 3727 Edition)

Understating MTC bk 5 pg 38
TTH TH H T O
2 4 0 3 5 REMARKS:
- 3 7 2 7
2 0 3 0 8

LESSON: 30

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SUB TOPIC: WORD PROBLEM INVOLVING SUBTRACTION

Example:
What is the difference between 243 and 37?
243
- 3 7
206

(ii) Katabula had shs. 2500. He bought a book for 350. What was his change?
Katabula had - 2500
He paid - 350
His change - 2150
(iii) By how much is 236 greater than 182?
(iv) Nassim is 13 years old. Alex is 3 years younger than her.
a) How old is Alex?

ACTIVITY: Exercise 3f (MK primary mathematics book four page 45 (Old edition)

REMARKS

TOPIC: OPERATION ON WHOLE NUMBERS

SUBTOPIC: MULTIPLYING BY 110 AND 100
CONTENT: MULTIPLYING BY ZERO, TEN AND HUNDRED

Examples
Workout
a) 12 x 10 = (b) 45 x 0 (3) 0x3x2x0
d) 47 x 100 (e) 984 x 100 (f) 86 x 100

Activity
New MK pupils’ bk 4 pg 42-44

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LESSON: 31
TOPIC: OPERATION ON WHOLE NUMBERS
SUB TOPIC MULTIPLICATION OF 3 DIGIT NUMBERS BY NUMBER 1-10
Other words that call for multiplication are: product, times.

CONTENT: Multiplying by one digit

Example 1:
(i) 4 3 4 6 (ii) 1 0 (iii) 4 3
x 3 x 2 x 4
13 0 3 8 2 0 172

(iv) 1 4
x 8 ACTIVITY: New Edition MK Primary Mathematics bk 4 page 46-47
112

LESSON: 32
Word problems involving multiplication by one digit.
Example: Apply lattice
1. Juma is paid shs. 6960 a day. How much will he get if he works for 7 days. method on two
Solution: digit numerals.
1 day he gets shs. 6960
7 days he gets 6 9 6 0 He gets 48, 720 in 7 days.
x 7
Shs. 4 8 7 2 0

2. Juma is 10 years old. Steven is twice as old as Juma. How old is Steven?

ACTIVITY: Exercise 3g No. 1 – 3 page 46 and 3h 1 – 5 page 47 (MK New Edition)

LESSON: 33

Multiplication as repeated addition

CONTENT:
Example:
(a) 4 x 2 = 2 + 2 + 2 + 2
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= 8
(b) 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 4 x 3
= 12
c) Show 3x2 on a number line below

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

ACTIVITY:
Use repeated addition to multiply the following:-
(i) 3 x 2 Complete
(ii) 6 x 4 a) 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = ___________ x ________
b) 4+4 + 4 + 4 + 4 =____________x ________
(iii) 4 x 3
c) 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 __________x ________
(iv) 5 x 3 d) 8 + 8 = _______________x ________
(v) 8 x 2 e) 9 + 9 + 9 = ______________ x _______

REMARKS

LESSON 34
SUB TOPIC : DIVISION
CONTENT : DIVISION AS REPEATED SUBTRACTION
Example
1. 12 ÷ 3 = 12 – 3 = 9
9 - 3= 6 count the number of times you subtract 3 division from the
6 - 3 = 3 dividend until you get “o” is the answer
3 - 3 = 0 12 ÷3 = 4 times

ACTIVITY :Exercise 3l page 53 (MK New Edition)

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LESSON 35
TOPIC : OPERATION ON NUMBERS

SUB TOPIC : DIVISION WITHOUT REMAINDER

CONTENT:
Example 1: Divide 4804 by 4. Example 2:124 ÷ 4
1201
31
44 8 0 4 41 2 4
1x4=4
3x4=12
08
2 x 4= 0 8 4
0 1x4= 4
0
4
1x4= 4

ACTIVITY: Exercise 3m page 53 (Mk New Edition).

Exercise 3:16 understanding MTcbkpg 48
LESSON: 36
SUBTOPIC : WORD PROBLEMS INVOLVING DIVISION WITHOUT REMAINDERS
CONTENT : Examples

1. There are 120 oranges in 2 bags. How many oranges are in each bag?
Divide Example 2
Example 1: Divide 246 text books among 3 classes
060
21 2 0 082
32 4 6
0x2=0
12 0x3=0
6x2= -12 24
0 8x3=- 24
0x2= 0 6
2x3= - 6

Each bag has 60 oranges Each gets 82 books.

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ACTIVITY: Exercise 3p (New Edition) MK Primary Mathematics book 4 page 55

LESSON 38
SUB TOPIC : DIVISION WITH REMAINDERS
CONTENT: Examples

Example : Divide 38148 by 5. ACTIVITY:

07629
53 8 1 4 8 Divide the following:-
1x3=0 1. 1516 by 5 =
38 2. 2425 by 3 =
2 x 4 =- 0 8
38 3. 1212 by 5 =
7 x 5 =- 3 5 4. 135 by 2 =
31 5. 215 by 4 =
6 x 5 =- 3 0
14 6. 1212 by 7 =
2 x 5 =- 1 0
48
9x5= -45
3
 38148 ÷ 5 = 7629 rem 3

LESSON :36
SUB-TOPIC : DIVISION BY 10
Example:
(i) 650 ÷ 10 (ii) 420 ÷ 10
650 420
= =
10 10
650 ÷ 10 = 65. 420 ÷ 10 = 42.
2. Joan distributed 320 text books amongst 20 pupils. How many text book did each
get?
ACTIVITY :
(v) 640 ÷ 10 =
(i) 200 ÷ 10 =
(vi) 280 ÷ 10 =
(ii) 370 ÷ 10 =
(vii) 480 ÷ 10 =
(viii) 560 ÷ 10 =
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(iii) 810 ÷ 10 =
(iv) 340 ÷ 10 =

LESSON 39
SUB-TOPIC : AVERAGE
Finding average or mean of numbers
Examples
(i) Find the average of 0, 2 and 4
Average = Total = 0+2+4 6 = 2
Number of items 3 3

(ii) Find the average age of three girls one of 8 years, another of 10 years and the third girl of
9 years.
Total age = 8 years + 9 years = 27 years.
Average = Total age = (8 + 9 + 10 )years
No. of children 3
27 years
= = 9 years
3
ACTIVITY:
A new MK primary mathematics book 5 page 76 – 77
LESSON 39
TOPIC : PATTERNS AND SEQUENCES

SUB-TOPIC : TYPES OF NUMBERS

CONTENT : Even and odd numbers

Even numbers if divided by two give us 0 (zero) as a remainder.

Examples: 0, 2, 4, 6, 8
Note: Any number ending with 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 is an even number.
Exactly divisible by 2
Odd numbers are numbers if divided by two leave us with 1 as a remainder.
Example 1, 3, 5, 7, 9
Note: All numbers that have their last digit as 1, 3, 7, 9 are odd numbers.

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Not exactly divisible by 2

ACTIVITY: New MK Primary Mathematics book four page 59.

LESSON 40
SUB TOPIC: More about Even and odd numbers.
 Counting even and odd numbers in a given set of instruction.
Examples:
(i) How many even numbers are there between 10 and 20?
Even numbers between 10 and 20 =  12, 14, 16, 18
 Even numbers between 10 and 20 are 4.
(ii) How many odd numbers are there between 0 - 10
=  1, 3, 5, 7, 9
There are 5 odd numbers.
ACTIVITY: Exercise 4c and 4d page 60 New MK Primary Mathematics book 4.
LESSON 41
SUBTOPIC : More about even numbers.
Finding the sum, difference and product of even numbers.
Examples:
1. What is the sum of the first 4 even numbers.
First 4 even numbers  0, 2, 4, 6
Sum = 0 + 2 + 4 + 6
Sum = 12

2. What is the difference between the second and fourth even numbers?
= 0, 2nd , 4, 6th
Difference = 6 - 2
Difference = 4

3. What is thest productst of the first and fifth even numbers?

1 5

0, 2, 4, 6, 8
Product = 0 x 8 = 0

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4. List the even numbers between 20 and 40

ACTIVITY: Mk Primary Mathematics book 4 page 60 Exercise 4c

LESSON 42
SUBTOPIC: More about odd numbers.
Finding the sum, difference and product of odd numbers
Examples:
(i) List down all odd numbers less than 10.
1, 3, 7
(ii) What is the sum of odd numbers less than 8
1, 3, 7
= 1+3+7
7
(iii) What is the product of the
rd
3thrd and 4th odd number?
3 4

Odd numbers =1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15

Product = 5 x 7
= 35
ACTIVITY: Exercise 4d. MK primary mathematics book 4 New edition
LESSON 43
SUBTOPIC: Counting and whole numbers
Definition: Counting numbers are numbers we use to count. They begin with one.
Counting numbers are also called Natural numbers
Examples: counting numbers are infinite/endless
{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}

Whole numbers
Write the missing numbers
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ___, ___, ___
These are whole numbers. They begin with Zero to infinity
= 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5, 6, 7,8,9

ACTIVITY: Exercise 4e New MK Primary Mathematics book four page 62

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LESSON 44
TOPIC: PATTERNS AND SEQUENCE
SUBTOPIC: Number sequence by Adding.
CONTENT: Example
(a) (1, 3, 5, 7, 9, ___, ___) (b) (1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, ____)
Keep adding 2 Add 1 then add 2
Begin with
1+2 = 3
1 + 1 = 2
3+2 = 5 2 + 2 = 4
5+2 = 7 4 + 1 = 5
5 + 2 = 7
7+2 = 9
7 + 1 = 8
9+ 2 = 11 8 + 2 = 10
11 + 2 = 13 The missing number is 10

The missing numbers are 11 and 13

NOTE: Every sequence has its own pattern
ACTIVITY: 4F page 63 Mk Primary Mathematics book four (New Edition).

LESSON 45
SUB TOPIC: NUMBER SEQUENCE
CONTENT: Number sequence by subtracting
Examples:
(i) 8, 6, 4, 2 (ii) 20, 18 15, 13,10, 8, 5

-2 -2 -2 -2 -3 -2 -3 -2 -3

ACTIVITY: Exercise 4e New MK Primary Mathematics book four page 62

LESSON 46

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SUB TOPIC: MULTIPLES

A multiple is a product of a given number and another whole greater than zero e.g.
4 x 2 = 8, and 8 is a multiple of 4.
(i) List multiples of 4 (ii) List multiples of 5 Emphasize mastering
the multiplication table
1 x 4 = 4 1 x 5 = 5 through using all
2 x 4 = 8 2 x 5 = 10 operations; addition,
3 x 4 = 12 3 x 5 = 15 subtraction,
multiplication and
4 x 4 = 16 4 x 5 = 20 division
5 x 4 = 20 5 x 5 = 25
6 x 4 = 24 6 x 5 = 30
4, 8, 12, 20, 24, ………. {5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, …..

ACTIVITY: Exercise 4g page 64 Mk book four New Edition.

LESSON 47

SUB TOPIC: COMMON MULTIPLES AND LCM

CONTENT
Examples
1. Find the first common multiples of 2 and 4
M2 = {2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,…}

M4 = {4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24..….}

Common multiples = { 4, 8, 12, 16}

2. Find the L.C.M of 4 and 5

M4 = {4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28}
M5={5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, …..}
Common multiples = { 20}’
 L.C.M is 20

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ACTIVITY: Exercise 4L MK New Edition book 4 page 67.

LESSON 48
SUB TOPIC: Counting in tens, hundreds and thousands.
Examples:
(i) Fill in the missing number 10, 20, 30, ___, ____, ____ 70

Add 10 to get the next number

30 +10 = 40
40 + 10 = 50
50 + 10 = 60

10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 70

(ii) Fill in the missing numbers 100, 200, 300, ____, _____, ____ 700

Add 100 to get the next number.

100 +100= 200

200 + 100 = 300
300 + 100 = 400
400 + 100 = 500
500 + 100 = 600
600 + 100 = 700
100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700
ACTIVITY: Exercise 4m Pg. 68 New Edition MK primary Mathematics bk four.

LESSON 49

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SUBTOPIC: Multiplying by 10, 100, 1000.

CONTENT:In this case, we simply add the number of zero to the number.
Examples:
(i) 6 x 10 = 60
(ii) 7 x 100 = 700
(iii) 8 x 1000 = 8000
(iv) 38 x 100 = 3800
ACTIVITY: Exercise 4n on page 69 New Edition MK primary Mathematics book four.

LESSON 50
SUBTOPIC: Multiplying by multiples of 10
CONTENT:
Example 1. Example (ii)
(i) What is 7 x 30? What is 50 x 30?
7 x 30 = ? 50 x 30 = 5 x 10 x 3 x 10
30 = 3 x 10 = 5 x 3 x 10 x 10
So 7 x 30 = 7 x 3 x 10 = 15 x 100
= 21 x 10 = 1500
= 210
ACTIVITY: Exercise 4(o) page 70 New MK book 4

LESSON 52 Teach children

how to form their
SUB-TOPIC : MAGIC SQUARES own magic tables

7 a 5 Magic sum = 7 + 4 + 1 = 12 Find a. =______

b. = ____
b 4 c c. = _____
d.=_____
3 d 1

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LESSON NOTES FOR MATHEMATICS P.4 TERM II

LESSON 1
TOPIC : FRACTIONS
SUBTOPIC : naming parts of fraction
CONTENT : Definition
1. What is a fraction? A fraction is a part of a whole.
2. Parts of a fraction
2
Given 1
3
2 is the numerator
3 is the denominator
1 is the whole number
3. Names of fractions
Naming and shading fractions and writing in words.

1 a whole Use real objects to teach parts of a

whole (practical work)

1
a half
2

2
Two eights
8

4. Shade and unshadedfractions.

4 1
(a) (b) of 6
6 3

ACTIVITY: Exercise 5:1 pg 67, a new Mk bk 4

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LESSON 2

TOPIC : FRACTIONS
SUBTOPIC : Finding equivalent fractions
CONTENT : How to get equivalent fractions.
- We can use the knowledge of multiples.

2
Examples:
3
2 2 2 4 2 2 4 8
= x = , = x =
3 3 2 6 3 3 4 12

2 2 3 6 2 2 4 6 8 10
= x = ,  = x , , , …….
3 3 3 9 3 3 6 9 12 15
ACTIVITY: List the first three equivalent fractions for:
1 2 1 1 4
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)
3 5 2 4 7

LESSON 3
TOPIC : FRACTIONS
SUBTOPIC : Equivalent fractions
CONTENT : Finding the missing part of a fraction

1 1 2 2
Example: (a) = x =
2 6 2 2 4
1 3 1 3 3
 = x =
2 6 2 3 6

3 3 2 6
(b) = x =
5 20 5 2 10

3 12 3 3 9
 = x =
5 20 5 3 15

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3 4 12
x =
5 4 20

ACTIVITY: Exercise 5b MK bk 4 page 82

LESSON 4
TOPIC : FRACTIONS
SUBTOPIC : Reducing fractions
6
CONTENT : Reduce to its lowest term.
12
Example:
6 2 3
(a)  =
12 2 6
3 3 1
 =
6 3 2
6 1
 =
12 2
3
(b) Write to its lowest terms (using H.C.F/G.C.F)
9
3 3 1
 =
9 3 3
F3 =  1, 3
F9 =  1, 3 , 9 
H.C.F = 3

ACTIVITY: Exercise 5d MK bk 4 page 84

LESSON 5
TOPIC : FRACTIONS
SUBTOPIC : Comparing fractions without a number line
CONTENT :
1 1
(a) Example: Which is greater or ?
3 2

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1 2 3 4
= , , ……….. Apply the symbols such as >, < or =
2 4 6 8
1 2 3 4
= , , …………
3 6 9 12
1 1
 is greater than
2 3
ACTIVITY: Exercise 5f MK bk 4 page 86

LESSON 6
TOPIC : FRACTIONS
SUBTOPIC : Ordering fractions
CONTENT : Arranging fractions starting with the largest.
Example 1
1 2 1
(i) , ,
2 3 6
1 2 3 4 5
= = = = ……………..
2 4 6 8 10
2 4 6 8
= = = …………………..
3 6 9 12
1 2 3
= = …………………….
6 12 18
1 2 1 2 1 1
 , , starting from the biggest is , ,
2 3 6 3 2 6
Example 2
1 1 1
Arrange: , , starting with the smallest.
3 2 5
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
= = = = = = = = =
3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 10 13 15
= = = = = = = = =
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 20 26 30

1 2 3 4 5 6 7
= = = = = =
5 10 15 20 25 30 35

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1 1 1 1 1 1
 , , from the smallest is , ,
3 2 5 5 3 2
ACTIVITY: Exercise 5f page 86.

LESSON 7
TOPIC : FRACTIONS
SUBTOPIC : Operation on fractions
CONTENT : Addition of fractions with the same denominators
Example: 1
1 2 1 2 3
+ = =
5 5 5 5
Example II
4 3 43 7
+ = =
12 12 12 12
ACTIVITY: Exercise 5g page 87

LESSON 8
TOPIC : FRACTIONS
SUBTOPIC : Addition of fractions with the same denominator
in word
problem.
1 4
CONTENT : Jesca dug of the garden and Mary dug of the garden.
6 6
What
part of the garden was dug?
1
Jesca dug
6
4 1 4 1 4 5
Mary dug so + = =
6 6 6 6 6
ACTIVITY: Exercise 5h page 88

LESSON 9
TOPIC : FRACTIONS
SUBTOPIC : Subtraction of fractions with the same
denominators.
CONTENT : Example 1: Example II

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3 1 3 1 2 5 2 52 3
- = = - = =
3 3 3 3 7 7 7 7
ACTIVITY: Exercise 51 page 89. Introduce the use of LCM when
adding and subtracting fractions
with different denominators
LESSON 10
TOPIC : FRACTIONS
SUBTOPIC : Subtraction of fractions with the same
denominators in
word problem.
2 5
CONTENT : Example 1: Subtraction from
7 7
5 2 52 3
- = =
7 7 7 7
Example 2
7 5
Andrew had of a cake, he ate of it. What fraction remained?
9 9
7 5
Andrew had he ate
9 9
7 5 75 2
 - = =
9 9 9 9
ACTIVITY: Exercise 51 page 89.
LESSON 11
TOPIC : FRACTIONS
SUBTOPIC : Addition of fractions with different denominators
CONTENT : Example 1
1 1
Add: +
2 3
Using equivalent fractions
1 2 3 4 5
= = = = ………………..
2 4 6 8 10
1 2 3 4
= = =
3 6 9 12
1 2 3 2 5
+ = =
3 6 6 6
ACTIVITY: Exercise 5n page 94

LESSON 12
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TOPIC : FRACTION
SUBTOPIC : Subtraction of fractions with different denominators.

CONTENT : Example 1
3 2
Subtraction of -
4 3
Using equivalent fractions.
3 6 9 12 15
= = = = , …………….
4 8 12 16 20
2 4 6 8 10
= = = =
3 6 9 12 15
9 8 98 17
+ = =
12 12 12 12

ACTIVITY: Exercise 50 page 95 old edited Mk bk 4

LESSON 13
TOPIC : FRACTIONS
SUBTOPIC : Mixed fractions as improper fractions

CONTENT : Example 1:

1 1 2 1 3
1 = 1 + = + =
2 2 2 2 2
Example II

1 1 3 1 4
1 = 1 + = + =
3 3 3 3 3

ACTIVITY: Page 90 – 91 Exercise 5j

LESSON 14
TOPIC : FRACTIONS

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SUBTOPIC : Changing improper fractions to mixed fractions.

5
CONTENT : Example 1: Change to a mixed fraction.
2
Working 1 Working 2
2
5 2 2 1 5
is + + = 25
2 2 2 2 2 -4
1 5 1
= 1 + 1 +
2 2
1 1
= 2 = 2
2 2

ACTIVITY: Exercise 5k page 92

LESSON 15
TOPIC : FRACTIONS
SUBTOPIC : Addition of mixed fractions with the same
denominators.

1 1
CONTENT(1) Add: 1 + 4 to a mixed fraction.
3 3
1 1 2) Workout
Re-arrange: = 1 + ) + 4 + 
3 3 1 1 9 5
1 1 =2 +1 = +
=1+4+ + 4 4 4 4
3 3
2 9+5
=5+
3 4
2
=5 14
3 4

2
ACTIVITY: Exercise 5L page 93. =3
4

LESSON 16
TOPIC : FRACTIONS
SUBTOPIC : Addition of mixed fractions with the same
denominators in
word problem.
1 3
CONTENT : James bought 6 kg of meat on Monday and 7 kg on
4 4
Tuesday.
How many kilograms did he buy altogether?

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1 3
6 kg + 7 kg.
4 4
1 3
Rearrange = (6 + ) + (7 + )
4 4
1 3
6+7+ +
4 4
4
13 +
4
13 + 1
= 14kg.
ACTIVITY: Exercise 5L page 93.
LESSON 17
TOPIC : FRACTIONS
SUBTOPIC : Subtraction of mixed fractions with the same
denominators
3 1
CONTENT : Subtract 4 -2 .
5 5
3 1
Re-arrange = (4 + ) – (2 + )
5 5
3 1
= ( 4 – 2) + ( - )
5 5
2
=2+
5
2
= 2
5
ACTIVITY: Exercise 5m page 93 old edited MK bk 4
LESSON 18
TOPIC : FRACTIONS
SUBTOPIC : Fraction of a group.
1
CONTENT : Example 1: What is of 8?
2

1 1
8 glasses 2 groups shaded of 8 = 4
2 2

ACTIVITY: Exercise 5q page 97.old edited MK bk 4

LESSON 19
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TOPIC : FRACTIONS
SUBTOPIC : Application of fractions
2
CONTENT : A man had 100 cows on his farm. He gave away to his wife
5
and
remained with the rest. How many cows did he give his wife?
20
2
x 100 = 2 x 20
5
= 40 cows

Find the number of cows his remained with

100 - 40 = 60 cows.

Find the fraction that he remained with;

2 5 2 52
1 - = - =
5 5 5 5
3
=
5
ACTIVITY : Exercise 5s page 138 book 5

LESSON 20
TOPIC : FRACTIONS
SUBTOPIC : Multiplication of fractions
1 1 1 3 2 6
CONTENT : Multiply: x = (2) x =
2 4 8 4 3 12
1 1 1 1 1
of = x =
4 3 4 3 12

1 5 5 1
x = =
10 8 80 16
ACTIVITY : Exercise 5r page 137 - 138 book 5old edited MK bk 4

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LESSON 21
TOPIC : FRACTIONS
SUBTOPIC : Writing fractions in decimalsupto tenths

CONTENT : Example 1
4
= ones Tenth
10
0 4 = 0.4

ii) 9 = 0.9
10

iii) 7 = 0.7
10
ACTIVITY: Exercise 5s page 99 Mk bk4 (old edited)

LESSON 23
TOPIC : FRACTIONS
SUBTOPIC : Expressing decimal as common fractions

CONTENT : Examples:
(a) Change 0.3 into a common fraction.
3
0.3 =
10

4
(b) 0. 4 =
10

ACTIVITY : Exercise 5U page 100 MK Bk. 4

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LESSON 23
TOPIC : FRACTIONS
SUBTOPIC : Place values of decimalupto tenths

CONTENT : Examples
(a) What is the place value of 3 in 0.03
0 .03

Hundredths

ACTIVITY: MK pupils book 4 page 100. (old edition)

LESSON 24
TOPIC : FRACTIONS
SUBTOPIC : Writing decimal fractions in words.

CONTENT : Example 1
Write 0.2 in words
0.2
Tenths
0.2 is either two tenths
Or zero point two
ACTIVITY: Exercise 5r page 99.

LESSON 25
TOPIC : FRACTIONS
SUBTOPIC : Addition of simple decimal fractions

CONTENT : Examples: 2.3 + 3.8 Example II: Add: 2 + 0.7

2.3 2
3.8 +0.7
6.1 2 .7

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ACTIVITY: MK Primary mathematics (New Edition) pg. 103 exercise 5y

LESSON 26
TOPIC : FRACTIONS
SUBTOPIC : Addition of decimal fractions using a number line.
CONTENT : Add: 0.2 + 0.3

Example:

0.3
0.2

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0

ACTIVITY: Exercise: 5x page 102 MK Bk. 4 Page 102

LESSON 27
TOPIC : FRACTIONS
SUBTOPIC : Word problems involving addition of fractions
(decimals)

CONTENT : Examples:
(i) I ate 0.2 of a cake in morning and 0.7 of it in the evening. What decimal
fraction did I eat altogether?
Morning 0.2
Evening + 0 . 7
0 .9 altogether.
ACTIVITY: Exercise 5z1 MK pupils Bk. 4 page 104

LESSON 28
TOPIC : FRACTIONS
SUBTOPIC : Subtraction of decimals.
CONTENT : Examples: Subtraction: 0 . 5 – 0 . 2
0.5

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- 0.2
0.3

ACTIVITY: Exercise 5z5 MK pupils Bk. 4 page. 108

LESSON 29
TOPIC : FRACTIONS
SUBTOPIC : Word problems involving subtraction of decimal

CONTENT :
Example:
Aisha had 7.2m of a string. She sold 8.5m. What length of the string did she
remain?
Had 7 . 2m
Sold - 3 . 5m
= 3 . 7m
ACTIVITY: Exercise 5z9 MK pupils book 4 page 111

LESSON 30
TOPIC : FRACTIONS
SUBTOPIC : Ordering decimal fractions

CONTENT : Example 1.

Arrange 0.6, 0.2, 0.4 starting with the smallest

0.2
0.4
0.6

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7

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 The order is 0.2, 0.4, 0.6

ACTIVITY: Exercise 5z3 Mk pupils BK. 4 Page. 107.

LESSON 31
THEME: GEOMETRY
SUBTOPIC : 2 Dimensional Geometry

Triangle Square Rectangle Pentagon Circle

Activity: 6:1 and 6:2 pg 90 – 91 A new Mk primary mathematics 2000 bk 4

NOTE: put emphasis on the use of well sharpened pencils and a ruler.
LESSON 32
TOPIC: GEOMETRY
SUB TOPIC: DRAWING LINES
1. Draw lines of the following lengths
a) 2cm b) 7cm
2cm 7cm
c) 4 cm Children should be able to
interpret the scale on the
ruler.
4cm

Activity: Teachers collection Emphasize accuracy while

LESSON 33 measuring line and
interpreting scales.
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TOPIC: GEOMETRY
SUB TOPIC: measuring line segments
1. Use a ruler to measure the following line segments
a) b)

LESSON 34
TOPIC: GEOMETRY
SUB TOPIC: identifying and drawing a right angle using a ruler and a
set square
1. Find the right angles in the object found in the classroom and compound
2. Identify right angels from the drawn angles

Right angle

Copy and draw a right angle at the given point

Activity :Pg 98 , A new Mk 20000 bk 4

Note: Use the protractor

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LESSON 35
TOPIC: GEOMETRY
SUB TOPIC: drawing a square and a rectangle using a set square and a
ruler
1. Use a set square and a ruler to draw a square whose sides are 4cm
Sketch

4cm 4cm

2. Draw a rectangle with length 6cm and width 3cm

Sketch

3cm 3cm

6cm
6cm

Activity: Exercise pg93 , A new Mk 2000 bk 4

LESSON 36
TOPIC: GEOMETRY
SUB TOPIC: constructing a right angle
1. construct a right angle using a pair of compasses, a ruler and a pencil

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Activity: pg 93 A new Mk 2000 bk 4

LESSON 37
TOPIC: 2 dimensional figures
SUB TOPIC: constructing a square
1. construct a sqaure of length 4cm using a ruler, a pencil and a pair of
compasses
Sketch

4cm 4cm

Activity: pg 93 A new Mk 2000 bk 4

LESSON 38
TOPIC: 2 dimensional figures
SUB TOPIC: construction of a rectangle
1. construct a rectangle of length 5cm and width 4cm using a ruler, a pencil
and a pair of compasses

Sketch

4cm 4cm

5cm
5cm
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Activity pg 94 new Mk 2000 bk 4

LESSON 39
TOPIC: 2 dimensional figures
SUB TOPIC: construction of an equilateral triangle
1. construct an equilateral triangle of sides 4cm

sketch

4cm 4cm 4cm

4cm
Activity: pg 95 new Mk 2000 bk 4
LESSON 40
TOPIC : 2 Dimensional figures
SUBTOPIC : Drawing and measuring angles using a protractor

CONTENT : Using a ruler, pencil and a protractor, draw the following

angles.
(a) (b) 450 (c) 600 (d) 300

900

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ACTIVITY: Using a protractor, measure the following angles.

(a) (b) (c)

LESSON 41
TOPIC : 2 Dimensional figures
SUBTOPIC : finding perimeter of 2-dimensional shapes
1. Find the perimeter of the following:-
(a) (b) 2cm
7cm

4cm
4cm

(c) (d)

5cm 9cm
7cm

10cm
LESSON 42
TOPIC : 2 Dimensional figures
SUBTOPIC : Find the area of a square

CONTENT : Find the area of a square whose side is 3cm.

Length = 3cm
Area = S x S
= 3cm x 3cm
= 9cm2
3cm
Find the area of:

Area =SxS
= 8cm x 8cm
= 64cm2
8cm
ACTIVITY: Exercise 12a page 210.

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LESSON 43
TOPIC : 2 Dimensional figures
SUBTOPIC : Find the area of a rectangle.

CONTENT : Find the area of a rectangle whose length is 10m by 6m.

A =LxW
3cm A = 4cm x 3cm
A = 12cm2
4cm
2. Workout the area of the rectangle below

3cm

6cm

ACTIVITY Exercise 6:16 page 105 New Mk pupils bk 4

LESSON 44
TOPIC : 2 Dimensional figures
SUBTOPIC : Circles (making circles)
CONTENT : Circles will be drawn in different forms like using:
- Hard papers / circular objects.
- Strings
- The big toe
- A pair of compasses
ACTIVITY: Exercise will be given.
- Draw a circle using
* a circular object
* a pair of compasses.

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LESSON 45
TOPIC : 2 Dimensional figures
SUBTOPIC : Parts of a circle. (Naming)
CONTENT : Parts shown on circles

Circumference

Centre AB is a chord because it is

•
a straight line joining two
points on a circle.
Radius

Diameter

ACTIVITY: Exercise 7e page 130

LESSON 46
TOPIC : 2 Dimensional figures
SUBTOPIC : Finding the diameter when given the radius.
CONTENT : Example

Radius 2cm 6cm 7cm 9cm 10cm 13cm

Diameter 4cm 12cm 14cm 18cm _____ _____

Diameter = r + r
Diameter = r + r = 7cm + 7cm = 14cm
= 6 + 6 = 12cm

Diameter = r + r Diameter = r + r
= 9 + 9 = 18cm = 10 + 10 = 20cm

ACTIVITY: Exercise given on page 131 Mk bk 4. (number 4)

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LESSON 47
TOPIC : 2 Dimensional figures
SUBTOPIC : Finding the radius when given the diameter.
CONTENT : Example

Find the radius of a circle whose diameter is 12cm.

Radius =Diameter
2
6
12
= = 6cm.
2
ACTIVITY: Exercise given on page 131 (numbers 2 and 3)

LESSON 48
TOPIC : 2 Dimensional figures
SUBTOPIC : Polygons. (Drawing and naming polygons)
CONTENT : Examples of common polygons.

Name Number of
sides

Triangle 3

Quadrilateral 4

Pentagon 5

Hexagon 6

ACTIVITY: Exercise on page 136 Mk bk 4

LESSON 49
TOPIC : 3 Dimensional Figures
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SUBTOPIC : Identifying and naming 3 dimensional figures.

CONTENT : Solid shapes.

Geometric solid Name

shapes

Cone

Cylinder

Cuboid

Triangular Pyramid

Cube

ACTIVITY: Exercise 7b page 126. MK bk 4

LESSON 50
TOPIC : 3 DIMENSIONAL GEOMETRY
SUBTOPIC : Naming parts of the solid shapes
CONTENT : Cube.
Vertex (corner)
6 faces
Face 8 vertices
Edge 12 edges
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Cone
Plane surface
2 faces
Edge 1 vertex
Curved face 1 edge
Vertex

ACTIVITY: Exercise 7c page 127

LESSON 51
TOPIC : 3 DIMENSIONAL GEOMETRY
SUBTOPIC : Finding volume of a cuboid and the area of the
shaded part. V=Lxwxh
CONTENT :Example: V = 5cm x 2cm x 3cm
V = 30cm3
3cm
Area of the shaded part
2cm
5cm Area = L x w
= 3cm x 2cm
= 6cm2

ACTIVITY: Exercise will be given like:

1. Find the volume of a cuboid whose length is 10cm, width 5cm and height
2cm.
(i) Find the volume.
2. (ii) Find the area of the shaded part.
2cm
1cm
3cm
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3.
(i) Find the Area of the shaded part.

(ii) Find the volume

Refer to exercise 12a page 220 MK bk 4 (Old Edition)

LESSON 52
TOPIC : 3 DIMENSIONAL GEOMETRY
SUBTOPIC : Types of angles and finding the value of the
unknown
CONTENT : Right angles or complementary angles of only two angles.
Straight angles or supplementary angles.
Finding the value of x

x + 400 = 900
x + 400 – 400 = 900 - 400
400 x = 900 - 400
x x = 500

P + 700 = 900
P + 700 – 700 = 900 - 700
p P = 900 - 700
700 P = 200

ACTIVITY: Exercise 7k page 139 Mk bk 4

LESSON 53
TOPIC : 3 DIMENSIONAL GEOMETRY

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SUBTOPIC : Straight angles or supplementary angles of only

two angles

CONTENT : Find the value of angle P.

P + 600 = 1800
P + 600 – 600 = 1800 - 600
P 600 P = 1800 - 600
P = 1200

m + 450 = 1800
m m + 450 – 450 = 1800 - 450
450
m = 1800 - 450
m = 1350

ACTIVITY: Exercise 7p Page 142.

LESSON 54
TOPIC : GRAPHS AND DATA INTERPRETATION
SUBTOPIC : Tallies
CONTENT : Complete the tally marks

//// /// = 8, //// //// = 10, //// //// ///= 13, //// //// //// //// //// / =
26

//// //// = 9

Making tally marks.

7 = //// //// // 5 = ////, 12 = //// //// //

17 = //// //// //// //, 9 = //// ////

ACTIVITY: Exercise 6a page 106

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LESSON 55
TOPIC : GRAPHS AND DATA INTERPRETATION
SUBTOPIC : Tallies
CONTENT : The information below shows the number of cars of different
colours counted by pupils.
Days of the week White Red Black Maroon

Monday //// //// /// // ///

Tuesday //// / //// // //// // /

Wednesday //// //// / / /// //// ////

Thursday //// / /// //// //// ////

(a) How many cars were seen on Monday?

18 cars were seen on Monday
(b) Which colour appeared most?
White colour appeared most.

ACTIVITY: Exercise 6b page 107

LESSON 56
TOPIC : DATA HANDLING (GRAPHS)
SUBTOPIC : Pictograph
CONTENT : The graph below shows the number of balls picked by four
sisters from a shop.
Doreen

Diana

Daphine

Daizy
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Scale. = 5 balls.

(a) Which two sisters picked the same number of balls?

Diana and Daizy picked the same number of balls.
(b) How many balls did Doreen and Daphine pick?
Doreen = 30, Daphine 20
= 30 + 20 = 50
Doreen and Daphine picked 50 balls.

ACTIVITY: Exercise 6f page 111 and 112.

LESSON 57
TOPIC : GRAPHS
SUBTOPIC : Bar graphs
CONTENT : The graph below shows the daily attendance of P.4 pupils for a
week.
40

35

30
Number of pupils

25

20

15

10

Mon Tue Wed Thur Fri.

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Days
(a) How many pupils were present on Thursday?
Thirty pupils were present on Thursday
(b) On which day was the biggest number of children present?
On Wednesday, there was the biggest attendance.

ACTIVITY : Activity 6g page 113 Mk bk 4

LESSON 58

TOPIC : LINE GRAPHS

SUBTOPIC : The graph below shows the number of animals
sold by
different people.
(a) How many animals did Joy sell?
50
Joy sold 50 animals.
40
Animals sold

(b) Find the number of animals sold

30 by Jelly and peace.
20 Jelly sold 40, Peace sold 30

10 40 + 30 = 70
They sold 70 animals.
0

Tom Joy Paul Jelly Peace

Names of people

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P.4 MATHEMATICS TERM III

LESSON 1
TOPIC : MONEY
SUBTOPIC : Recognition of money
Finding the value of small denominations
CONTENT :
Example: Peter had 2 notes of 1000/=. How much money was he having?
COINS BANK NOTES
50 /= 1000/=
100/= 2,000/=
200/= 5,000/=
500/= 10,000/=
1000/= 20,000/=
50,000/=

ACTIVITY : Exercise 8a page MK bk 4 page 148.

LESSON 2
TOPIC : MONEY (measurements)
SUBTOPIC : Addition of money
CONTENT : Example: A man had 4800/= and he was given sh. 1200 by
his
friend. How much money did he have altogether?

Sh. 4800
+ Sh. 1200

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Sh. 6000

A man had sh. 6000 altogether.

ACTIVITY: Exercise 8b page 149 MK 4

LESSON 3
TOPIC : MONEY (Measurements)
SUBTOPIC : Subtraction of money
CONTENT : Example: How much change will you get from a one thousand
shilling note if you spend sh. 350?
You had sh. 1000
You spent sh. 350
Sh. 650
ACTIVITY: Exercise 8c page 150 of MKbk4

LESSON 4
TOPIC : MONEY (Measurements)
SUBTOPIC : Multiplication of money
CONTENT : The cost of 1 loaf of bread is sh. 1800. Find the cost of 3
loaves.
Shs 1800
x 3
Sh. 5400
ACTIVITY: Exercise 8d page 151 of MKbk4

LESSON 5
TOPIC : MONEY (Measurements)
SUBTOPIC : Buying and selling (Shopping Bills) (Price list)
CONTENT : Example

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Item Price in shillings

1 bar of soap 1000/=
1 kg of sugar 1800/=
1 kg of maize flour 1200/=
1 packet of salt 400/=
An egg 150/=
Questions
(a) Find the cost of 3 kg of sugar.
(b) If Allen bought 4kg of maize flour and 1 bar of soap. How much money
did she
pay?
(a) Calculate the cost of buying 1 bar of soap, 1kg of sugar, 1kg of flour, 1
packet
of salt.
(b) Find the total expenditure if one buys all the items above.
ACTIVITY: Exercise page 152 (Mk New Edition)

LESSON 6
TOPIC : MONEY (Measurements)
SUB TOPIC: Shopping Bills
CONTENT : Example 1
Mariam went to the school canteen and bought the following items
3 chaps at 500/= each.
4 chapats at 800/=
1 bottles of soda at 1000/= each.
(a) Find her total expenditure.
(b) Find her balance if she went with 8000/=
Working
Chaps Chapatis Soda
500= 800= 1000=
x3 x 4 x 2
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1500 3200= 2000=

Total expenditure
Balance= Sh. 8000
Sh. 3200
- 6700
1500
Sh. 1300
+ 2000
Sh. 6700
ACTIVITY: Teachers collection.

LESSON 7
TOPIC : MONEY (Measurements)
SUBTOPIC : Division of money
CONTENT : Example
4 books cost 1200/=. What is the cost of one book?
4 books cost - 1200/=
300
1200
1 book will cost - = 300/=
4
ACTIVITY: Exercise 81 page 153 (Mk new Edition)

LESSON 8
TOPIC : MONEY (Measurements)
SUBTOPIC : Finding profit
CONTENT : Profit = selling price – buying price/ cost price
Example: Abdul bought a shirt at sh. 800
He sold it at 1000/=. What was his profit?
Buying price Sh. 800
Selling price Sh. 1000
Profit = S.P – B.P
= Sh. 1000 – 800
= Sh. 200
ACTIVITY: Exercise 8k page 155 (Old Mk) or 8h page 156 (new Edition)

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LESSON 9
TOPIC : MONEY (Measurements)
SUBTOPIC : Finding Loss
CONTENT : Example: John bought a shirt at 7200/= and sold it at
6000/=.
Calculate his loss.
Loss = B.P – S.P or CP - SP
= B.P =7200/=
Loss = 7200/= –6000/=
= 1200/=
Loss = 1200/=
ACTIVITY: Exercise 8i page 157 of MK bk 4.

LESSON 10
TOPIC : MONEY (Measurements)
SUBTOPIC : Postage rates
CONTENT : Study this table.
Articles Destination Charge
Uganda Sh. 150
Letter East Africa Sh. 400
Africa Sh. 500
Europe Sh. 500
Asia Sh. 500
America Sh. 550
Uganda Sh. 1200
Small parcels East Africa Sh. 10,000
(Air) Africa Sh. 11,700
Europe Sh. 16,000
Asia Sh. 22,500
America Sh. 8,450

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Example:
Joseph sends 2 letters to Kenya and 3 letters to Tanzania. How much will he
pay?
2 letters to Kenya will pay shs. 400 x 2 = sh. 800
3 letters to Tanzania will pay shs. 400 x 3 = sh. 1200
Total Cost = Sh. 2000
Therefore, Joseph will pay 2000/=
ACTIVITY: Exercise 8j on page 159 of Mk bk 4

LESSON 11
TOPIC : TIME
SUBTOPIC : Telling time
CONTENT : Show the following time on a clock face.
(a) A quarter past 9 (b) 20 minutes to 11
ACTIVITY: Exercise 9a on page 162 of Mk bk 4.

LESSON 12
TOPIC : TIME
SUBTOPIC : Changing hours to minutes
CONTENT : Examples
(a) Change 4hrs to minutes
1 hr = 60 minutes
4 hrs = (4 x 60) minutes
240 minutes

b) How many minutes are in 3 ¼ hours?

 3¼ hrs = (3 x ¼ ) hours
1hr = 60 min
3 hrs = (3 x 60 ) minutes

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180 minutes
¼ hr= 15minutes
3¼hrs =195 minutes

Exercise 9b page 163 of MK bk 4

LESSON 13
TOPIC : TIME
SUBTOPIC : Writing the time in hours and minutes
CONTENT : Examples: Write 70 minutes in hours and
1 hr = 60 minutes
1r10
70 min = 60 70
60
10

70 minutes = 1 hour 10 minutes.

ACTIVITY: Exercise 9c page 163 of Mk bk 4

LESSON 14
TOPIC : TIME
SUBTOPIC : Word problems on changing minutes to hrs
CONTENT : Examples: A lesson took 140 minutes
How long was that lesson in hours.
Solution: 60 minutes = 1hr
2r 20
140 minutes = 60 140
120
020
So, 140 minutes = 2 hrs 20 minutes.
ACTIVITY: Exercise 9d page 164 of MK bk 4

LESSON 15
TOPIC : TIME
SUBTOPIC : Addition of time
CONTENT : (a) HRS MIN (b) HRS MIN
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3 40 70 11 50 65 – 60 = 05
+4 30-602 15
8 10 10 3 05
ACTIVITY: Exercise 9e page 165 of MK bk 4.

LESSON 16
TOPIC : TIME
SUBTOPIC : Word problems of addition of time

CONTENT : Examples:
A taxi driver took 2 hours 40 minutes to drive from Kampala to Masaka and 1
hour 45 minutes from Masaka to Kabula. How much time did he take
altogether?
HRS MIN
2 40
+1 45
4 25
85 ÷ 60
= 1r25
ACTIVITY: Exercise 9f page 167 of Mk bk 4

LESSON 17
TOPIC : TIME
SUB TOPIC: Subtraction of time
CONTENT : Examples
(a) Hrs Min (b) HrsMin
3 80 2 85
4 20 3 25
- 1 50 -1 45
1 30 1 40

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ACTIVITY: Exercise 9g page 168 Mk bk 4

LESSON 18
TOPIC : TIME
SUBTOPIC : Word problems of time (Subtraction)
CONTENT :
Bankunda spent 5hours 20 minutes at school, she played for 1 hour 30 minutes.
For how long did she stay in class?
Total time at school 4 80
Total time at school = 5hrs 20min
Time spent playing -1hr 30min
Time in class =3 50

ACTIVITY: Exercise 9h page 169 of Mk bk 4

LESSON 19

TOPIC : TIME
SUBTOPIC : Writing time in a.m and p.m
CONTENT : Examples
(a) Express 6 O’clock in the morning using a.m. or p.m.
5 O’clock = 6: 00a.m
(b) Express 8 O’clock in the evening in figures:
8 O’clock = 8:00p.m
ACTIVITY: Exercise 9k and 9L pages 174 and 175.

LESSON 20
TOPIC : TIME
SUBTOPIC : Finding duration

CONTENT : Luyiga walked from her home at 7:15a.m and reached school
at

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8:15a.m. How long did it take her?

Hrs Min
Ending time = 8 : 15a.m
Starting time = 7 : 15a.m
Duration = 1 00
So, she took 1 hour.

ACTIVITY: Exercise 9m page 176 of Mk bk 4

LESSON 21
TOPIC : TIME
SUBTOPIC : Changing days to hours

CONTENT : Examples
How many hours are in 5 days?
1 day = 24 hours
5 days = 2 4 hrs
x 5
5 days = 120hrs
ACTIVITY: Exercise 9(o) page 177 of Mk bk 4

LESSON 22

TOPIC : TIME
SUBTOPIC : Changing hours to days
CONTENT : Examples: How many days are in 72 hours?
Solution 24hrs make 1 day
1day
1hr makes
24hours
1day
72 hrs make x 72hrs
24hours
2
72hrs = 3 hours.

ACTIVITY: Exercise: 9n page 177 of Mk bk 4.

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LESSON 23

TOPIC : TIME
SUBTOPIC : Changing weeks to days
CONTENT : Examples: How many days are in 8 wks?
1wk = 7days
8wks = 8 x 7 days
= 56days
ACTIVITY: Exercise 9p page 178 of MK bk 4

LESSON 24

TOPIC : TIME
SUBTOPIC : Changing days to weeks
CONTENT : Examples: How many weeks are there in 63 days?
7 days make 1 week
63
63 days = weeks
7

= 9 weeks
ACTIVITY: Exercise 9q page 178 of MK bk 4
LESSON 25

TOPIC : TIME
SUBTOPIC : Addition of time in weeks and days
CONTENT : (a) Wks Days
1 3
+2 5
4 1
8 ÷ 7 = 1r1

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(b) A man took 5 weeks 5 days to make a wooden bed and 4 weeks 6 days to
make a chair, How long did the man take on both?
Wks Days
5 5
+4 6
10 4
11 ÷ 7 = 1r4
ACTIVITY: Exercise 9s page 180 and 181 (New edition of MKbk 4)

LESSON 26

TOPIC : TIME
SUBTOPIC : Subtraction of time in wks and days
CONTENT : Example: Wks 2
Days
9
3 2
-1 5
1 4
ACTIVITY: Exercise 9t page 182 of Mk bk 4
LESSON 27
TOPIC : measure
SUBTOPIC : months of the year
1. Which months have
i) 30 days
ii) 31 days
2. How many days does February have?
Interpretation of calendars
Activity: pg150 , a new Mk 2000 bk

LESSON 28
TOPIC : measure
SUBTOPIC : converting years into months

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1. Change 3 years into months

1 year = 12 months
3 years = (3x12) months
= 36 months
Activity: pg 151, a new Mk bk 4

LESSON 29

TOPIC : measure
SUBTOPIC : converting months to years
1. Our baby is 24 months old. How old is she in years?
12 months = 1 year
24 months = (24÷2) years
= 2 years
Activity: pg 152 a new Mk bk 4

LESSON 30

TOPIC : measure
SUBTOPIC : converting months to days
1. How many days are there in the first two months of the year?
Jan = 31 days
Feb = 28 days
Total = 59 days

2. How many days are in the last 3 months of the year?

Activity: pg 153 a new Mk bk 4

LESSON 31
TOPIC : LENGTH, MASS AND CAPACITY
SUBTOPIC : Addition in metres and centimeters
CONTENT : Examples
Add: 2m 45cm Add: 8m 25cm
+ 6m 36cm + 6m 85cm
8 81 15 10
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ACTIVITY: Exercise 10d page 187 MK book 4.

LESSON 32

TOPIC : LENGTH, MASS AND CAPACITY

SUBTOPIC : Addition in metres and centimeters in word

problem

CONTENT : Example 1
Namusoke had 8m 55cm of cloth. She later bought 10m 85cm of cloth. Find
the total length of cloth she has now.
M CM
Namusoke had 8 55
She later bought + 10 85
Total cloth bought 19 40

ACTIVITY: Exercise 10e page 188.

LESSON 33

TOPIC : MEASURES (Length)

SUBTOPIC : Subtraction of metres and centimetres
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CONTENT : Example 1
Subtract : M CM Subtract : M CM
6 80 8
9 24 100+24=124
-2 60 -5 30
4 20 3 94

ACTIVITY: Exercise 10f page 188 MK MTC bk 4.

LESSON 34

TOPIC : LENGTH, MASS AND CAPACITY

SUBTOPIC : Subtraction of metres and centimeters in word

problem

CONTENT : Example 1
Otim had a ribbon measuring 15m 36cm. He cut off 9m 21cm. What length
remained?
M CM
Otim had 15 36
He cut off - 9 21
6 15

Kaseggu had a string measuring25m 15m. He cut off 18m 35cm. What length
of the string did he remain with?
M CM
Subtract: M CM
His string measured 25 15
9 24
He cut off - 18 35 -5 30
Length of the string left 6 80 3 94

ACTIVITY: Exercise 10g page 189.

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LESSON 35

TOPIC : LENGTH, MASS AND CAPACITY

SUBTOPIC : Changing kilometers into metres

CONTENT : Example 1
Example 1 Example II
Change 5km to metres. Change 12km to metres.
1km = 1000m 1km = 1000m
5km = 5 x 1000 12km = 12 x 1000
= 5000m = 12000m
 5km = 5000m  12km = 12000m

ACTIVITY: Exercise 10m and 10n page 195.

LESSON 36
TOPIC : LENGTH, MASS AND CAPACITY
SUBTOPIC : Changing metrestokilometers

CONTENT : Example 1
Change 3000m to km
Since 1000m = 1km
3000
3000m = = 3km
1000

ACTIVITY: Exercise 10j page 193

LESSON 37
TOPIC : LENGTH, MASS AND CAPACITY
SUBTOPIC : Writing as kilometers and metres

CONTENT : Example 1
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Write 800m as km and m

KM HM DM M = 0 Km 800m
or 0.8km
8 0 0
Example II
Write 7430m as km and m
KM HM DM M = 7km 430m
Or 7.43km.
7 4 3 0
ACTIVITY: Exercise 10k page 193 (New Edition)
LESSON 38
TOPIC : LENGTH, MASS AND CAPACITY
SUBTOPIC : Addition of long distances

CONTENT : Example 1
Add: 15km 880m to 6km 750m.
Km m Add: Km m
15 880 13 530
+ 6 750 + 8 670
22 630 22 200
ACTIVITY: Exercise 10p page 197

LESSON 39
TOPIC : LENGTH, MASS AND CAPACITY
SUBTOPIC : Subtraction of long distances

CONTENT : Example 1 Example 2

Subtract Km m Subtract: Km m
46 260 280 455
- 12 370 - 130 690
33 890 149 765
ACTIVITY: Exercise 10q page 198

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LESSON 40
TOPIC : LENGTH, MASS AND CAPACITY
SUBTOPIC : Half and quarter litres

CONTENT : Example
(a) How many half litre bottles of water can fill a jerrycan of 10litres?
1 litre = 2 half litres
10 litres= 10 x 2 half litres
= 20 half litres.
1
(b) How many litre bottles of milk can fill a jerrycan of 20 litres?
4
1 litre= 4 quarter litres
20 litres = (4 x 20) quarter litres
= 80 quarter litres.

ACTIVITY: Exercise 13a pages 223 and 224.

LESSON 41

TOPIC : LENGTH, MASS AND CAPACITY

SUBTOPIC : Addition of litres and half litres

CONTENT : Example.
Add 12 litres + 20 litres
12litres
+20litres
32litres

2. Add 1 ½ litres + 2 ½ litres

ACTIVITY: Exercise13b pages 224-225 MKbk 4 old edition

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LESSON 42

TOPIC : LENGTH, MASS AND CAPACITY

SUBTOPIC : Changing liters to mililitres
Change 5 litres to mililitres
1 liter = 1000ml
5litres = (5x1000) ml
= 5000ml
LESSON 43
TOPIC : LENGTH, MASS AND CAPACITY
SUBTOPIC : converting mililitres to litres
Express 4000ml to litres
1000 ml = 1 litre
4000ml = 4000
1000
= 4 litres activity: pg184 .new Mk bk 4
LESSON 44

TOPIC : LENGTH, MASS AND CAPACITY

SUBTOPIC : Changing kilograms to grams

CONTENT : Example
1
(a) Change 4 kg into grams 4
2 (b) Change kg into grams
1kg = 1000g 5
4kg = 4000g 1kg = 1000g
1 200
kg = 500g 4
kg =
4
x 1000g
2 5 5
1
4 kg = 4500g = 800g
2

ACTIVITY: Exercise 14c page 230 of Mk bk 4

LESSON 45
TOPIC : LENGTH, MASS AND CAPACITY

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SUBTOPIC : Changing grams to kilograms

CONTENT : Example
(b) Change 4500g into kg.
(a) Change 2000g into kg 1000g = 1kg
1000g = 1kg 4500 45
2000 g 4500g = =
2000g = x 1kg 1000 10
1000 g
1
= 2kg = 4.5kg or 4 kg.
2
ACTIVITY: Exercise 14d pages 230 and 231 of MK bk 4

LESSON 46
TOPIC : LENGTH, MASS AND CAPACITY
SUBTOPIC : Addition of kilograms and grams
Example II
Add: 104kg 420g + 187kg 350
CONTENT : Example Kg g
Add: Kg g 104 420
2 250 +187 350
291 770
+ 3 150
5kg 400g

ACTIVITY: Exercise 14e page 231

LESSON 47
TOPIC : LENGTH, MASS AND CAPACITY
SUBTOPIC : Addition of kilograms and grams in word
problems

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CONTENT : Examples
Trevor’s father weighs 53kg 550g and his mother weighs 46kg 850g. Find their
total weight.

Kg g
53 550
+ 46 850
100 400
============
ACTIVITY: Exercise 14g page 232

LESSON 48
TOPIC : LENGTH, MASS AND CAPACITY
SUBTOPIC : Subtraction of kilograms and grams

CONTENT : Examples Subtract 59kg 423g – 39kg 651

Kg g
Subtract : Kg g 59 423
75 640 - 39 651
- 28 450 19 772
47 190

ACTIVITY: Exercise 14h page 234

LESSON 49

TOPIC : LENGTH, MASS AND CAPACITY

SUBTOPIC : Subtraction of kilograms and grams in word

problems.

CONTENT : Example

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Babirye had 40kg 350g of ghee. She sold 26kg 850 of it. How much ghee did
she remain with?
Kg g
She had 40 350
She sold - 26 850
She remained with 13 500

ACTIVITY: Exercise 141 page 234 MK bk 4

LESSON 1
TOPIC : ALGEBRA
SUBTOPIC : addition of letters for numbers
CONTENT : example I
1. Add m + m + m + m 2. Simplify 2y + y + 3y
M+m+m+m = 3m 2y+3y + y = 6y

3. Find the perimeter of the figure

P = s+s+s
2p 4p = 3p+4p+2p
= 9p
3p
Activity Exercise 16 Mk bk 4 pg 250

LESSON 2:
TOPIC : ALGEBRA
SUBTOPIC : Subtraction of letters for numbers
1. Workout 2. Simplify;
3m - m 7 y – 4y
3m – m = 2m 7y – 4y = 3y

Activity: Exercise 5k pg 252 Mk 4 old edition

LESSON 3:
TOPIC : ALGEBRA
SUBTOPIC : collecting like terms involving addition only
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1. Collect like terms

a) 2k + 5m + k b) 7x +10 y + 2x + y
(2k+k) + 5m 7x + 2x + 10 y + y
3k + 5m 9x + 11y
Activity: exercise 16 j Mk bk 4 pg 257 old edition

LESSON 4
TOPIC : ALGEBRA
SUBTOPIC : Equations with and without letters
CONTENT : Solving equations involving addition.

Examples: (a) + 3 = 9 (b) P+5=

+3–3=9–3 P + 5 – 5 = 11 - 5

= 6 P =6

ACTIVITY: Exercise 16c and 16d MK bk 4 pg. 246 and 247

LESSON 5
TOPIC : ALGEBRA
SUBTOPIC : Solving equations involving subtraction
CONTENT : Finding the value of the unknown

Examples: (a) - 4 = 6 (b) y - 7 = 21

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-4+4=6+4 y - 7 + 7 = 21 + 7

= 10 y = 28

ACTIVITY: Exercise 16e pg. 247

LESSON 6
TOPIC : ALGEBRA
SUBTOPIC : Adding letters for numbers
CONTENT : Example:
(a) m + m + m = 3m (b) x + x + x + x + x = 5x
ACTIVITY: Exercise 16f Mk Bk4 pg. 248

LESSON 7
TOPIC : ALGEBRA
SUBTOPIC : Collecting like terms
CONTENT : Example:

(a) 7x + 8x + x = 16x (b) 5c + 4c + 3c = 12c

ACTIVITY: Exercise 16h Mk Bk4 pg. 250

LESSON 8
TOPIC : ALGEBRA
SUBTOPIC : Finding perimeter using unknowns
CONTENT : Find the perimeter of this figure below:-
Perimeter = s + s + s
2p 4p = 3p + 4p + 2p
Perimeter = 9p
3p

ACTIVITY: Exercise 16 MkBk 4 pg. 250

LESSON 9
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TOPIC : ALGEBRA
SUBTOPIC : Collecting more like terms
CONTENT : Example:
(a) Collect like terms (b) Collect like terms
= x + y + x + 3y + x = 8b + 2p + 12b + 3p
= x + x + x + y + 3y = (8b + 12b) + (2p + 3p)
= 3x + 4y = 20b + 5p

ACTIVITY: Exercise 16j Mk Bk4 pg. 251 and 252

LESSON 10
TOPIC : ALGEBRA
SUBTOPIC : Collecting like terms (addition and Subtraction)
CONTENT : Example:
(a) Collect like terms (b) Collect like terms
= 9d + 4c – 3c = 6a + a - m
= 9d + c = 7a - m

CTIVITY: Exercise 5k page 252

LESSON 11
TOPIC : ALGEBRA
SUBTOPIC : SUBSTITUTION
CONTENT : Example: (a) If P = 3 and m = 6, find the value of
(i) P+4=3+4
= 7
ACTIVITY: Exercise 16m Mk pg. 253
LESSON12
TOPIC : ALGEBRA
SUBTOPIC : MORE SUBSTITUTION
CONTENT : Examples: If x = 3, y = 4 and z = 5, Find the value:
(a) = x + y + z (b) xyz
=3+4+5 = xx y x z
= 3x4x5
=
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= 12

ACTIVITY: Exercise 16n Mkbk 4 pg. 253

LESSON 13
TOPIC : ALGEBRA
SUBTOPIC : Solving equations involving addition
CONTENT : Example:
(a) + 3 = 9 (b) 4 + y = 10
+3–3=9–3 4 – 4 + y = 10 - 4

= 6 y = 6

ACTIVITY: Exercise 16d Mk bk4 page 247

LESSON 14
TOPIC : ALGEBRA
SUBTOPIC : Solving equations involving subtraction
CONTENT : Example:
(a) - 3 = 5 (b) y - 4 =7
- 3+3=5+3 y–4+4=7+4

= 8 y = 11

ACTIVITY: Exercise 16e Mk bk 4 page 247

LESSON 15
TOPIC : ALGEBRA
SUBTOPIC : Solving equations involving multiplication
CONTENT : Examples.

(a) 3p = 21 (b) 13 x = 26
3p 21 26
= =
3 3 13 13
P = 7 = 2
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LESSON 16
TOPIC : ALGEBRA
SUBTOPIC : Solving equations involving division
CONTENT : Examples:
y
(a) h ÷3=2 (b) = 5
4
h
3x =2x3 y
3 4x =5x4
4
h = 6
y = 20

ACTIVITY: Exercise 16r and 16s Mkbk 4 page 256

LESSON 17
TOPIC : ALGEBRA
SUBTOPIC : Forming and solving equations
CONTENT : Addition and subtraction

Example:
(a) I think of a number, add 3 to it and the result is 14. What is the number?
Let the number be n.
n + 3 = 14
n + 3 – 3 = 14 – 3
n = 11
 The number is 11.

(b) Think of a number, subtract 3 from it, my answer is 17. What is the
number?
Let the number be y
y – 3 = 17
y – 3 + 3 = 17 + 3
y = 20  the number is 20.

ACTIVITY: Exercise 16t and 16u pages 257 and 258.

LESSON 18
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TOPIC : ALGEBRA
SUBTOPIC : Forming and solving equations
CONTENT : Multiplication and division
Example:
There are 4 groups in a class. If each group has the same number of pupils,
altogether there are 40 pupils. How many pupils are in each group?
Let the number of each group be n
4 x n = 40
10
4n 40
=
4 4
n = 10  10 pupils are in each group

ACTIVITY: Exercise 16v and 16w onpages 259 and 260

REMARKS

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