First War of Independence
May 1857 : Soldiers in Meerut refused to use greased cartridges.
1856:
Introduction of Enfield rifle
General Service enlistment Act
1857 : First war of Independence / UPRISING OF 1857
1858 :
Queen Victoria became empress of India
Queen Victoria issued proclamation & Indian administration
was taken over by Queen
17 June ; 1858 : Rani Laxmi Bai died
29 March 1857 : Mangal Pandey revolt against the use of new
cartridges.
8 April; 1857 : Mangal Pandey of 34th infantry at Barrackpore was
arrested & hanged
December , 1857 : British Re-captured Kanpur and Nana Saheb fled
to Nepal.
22 September; 1857 : Mirza Abu Bakr was shot by William Hodson.
1855 : Lord Canning was Governor general of British India at that
time.
Page 1 of 9
Rise of Indian Nationalism
Key Dates and Events
- 1876: The Indian Association was established.
- 1851: British Indian Association was formed.
- 1870: Sarvajanik Sabha of Pune was established.
- 1870: Deoband school of Shaharanpur started by Ulemas
- 1877: Vernacular Press Act was passed.
- 1884: Madras Mahajan Sabha was formed.
December 1885 : - 1st Session of Congress was held in Bombay
1885:
Bombay Presidency Association was formed.
Indian National Congress (INC) was formed, marking the
beginning of an organized national movement in India.
with the aim of promoting Indian participation in the British
government and social reforms.
1872 : The Kuka Rebellion was brutally suppressed in 1872.
1866: The Kuka Rebellion, led by Guru Ram Singh ji, began as a
protest against British policies. It was brutally suppressed in 1872.
1878: The Arms Act was passed, prohibiting Indians from possessing
arms.
1879: Lytton passed Arms Act of 1879
1917 : Russian Revolution
Page 2 of 9
1858: The Government of India Act was passed, which established
uniform law and administration throughout the country. This created
political unity in India and paved the way for the growth of
nationalism.
- 1852: The Bombay Association was established
- 1852: The Madras Native Association were established.
- 1857: The Indian Rebellion of 1857, also known as the Sepoy
Mutiny, took place.
- 1883: The Ilbert Bill was passed, but later withdrawn due to British
protests.
Page 3 of 9
Struggle for Freedom (1905-1922)
- 1905: Partition of Bengal, which sparked widespread protests and
marked the beginning of the Swadeshi movement.
- 1906: Formation of the Muslim League.
1907: Lala Lajpat Rai was arrested ( for 6 years imprisonment) for
holdings demonstrations in Punjab.
- 1907: Split in the Indian National Congress (INC) at Surat, with
moderates and extremists forming separate factions.
- 1909: Morley-Minto Reforms, which introduced limited self-
government in India.
- 1914 -- 1918: First World War begins, with India contributing
significantly to the British war effort.
- 1915: Gandhiji returns to India and begins to take a more active role
in the independence movement.
1916: Home Rule Movement
- 1916: Lucknow Pact between the INC and the Muslim League,
aiming to promote Hindu-Muslim unity.
- 13 April 1919: Jallianwala Bagh Massacre in which British troops
killed hundreds of unarmed Indian protesters.
1919 : Rowlatt Act, which gave the British government emergency
powers to suppress dissent.
- 1920: Khilafat Movement and Non-Cooperation Movement, led by
Gandhiji and Muslim leaders, which aimed to resist British rule
through non-violent means.
- 1920: Surat Session
- 1917 : Champaran Satyagraha
Page 4 of 9
1922: Chauri Chaura Incident, in which police fired on a crowd of
protesters, leading to widespread violence and the suspension of the
Non-Cooperation Movement.
- 1905: The Indian National Congress, led by Gopal Krishna Gokhale,
supported the Swadeshi and Boycott movements in its Benaras
session.
- 2nd Oct 1869: Mahatma Gandhi ji was born
-1888 : Mahatma Gandhi ji went to England to study Law.
-1893 : He left for South Africa to support Indians.
-1920 : Non Co-operation Movement was started by Mahatma
Gandhi ji
- 10 March 1922 : Gandhi Ji was arrested and Sentenced to six years
imprisonment
- 1893: Bal Gangadhar Tilak began celebrating Ganesh Chaturthi
publicly, facilitating community participation and involvement.
- 1904-05: Japan's victory over Russia generated confidence among
educated Indians in their struggle against British rule.
- 1913: The Ghadar Party, a revolutionary organization, was formed in
the United States, with the aim of freeing India from British rule.
- 1905: Partition of Bengal, which sparked widespread protests and
marked the beginning of the Swadeshi movement.
- July 1905: Lord Curzon published the proposal to divide Bengal
- 30 December 1905: Lord Curzon Became Viceroy of India.
16 October 1905: New province of East Bengal & Assam came into
exsistence.
Page 5 of 9
Struggle for Freedom (1923 -1939 )
- 1923: Formation of the Swaraj Party ¹
- 1927: Simon Commission formed
1925: Communist Party was formed
- 1929: Lahore session of the Indian National Congress (INC)
- 1930:
Dandi March and start of the Civil Disobedience Movement
2nd Round Table Conference
- 1931: Gandhi-Irwin Pact
- 1935: Government of India Act
- 1937: Formation of Ministries in the provinces.
1897; 23 January: Subash Chandra Bose was born in Cuttack
- 1943: Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose hoisted the tri-color flag to
proclaim independence on December 30th.
- 1896 --- 1906 : Construction of the Cellular Jail, also known as "Kala
Pani", began in the Andaman Islands.
12 March, 1930: The Civil Disobedience Movement was launched,
with people taking a pledge to attain complete independence from
his Sabarmati ashram.
- 1921 : Netaji resigned from Indian civil service
Page 6 of 9
- 1930:
The First Round Table Conference took place, but the
Congress boycotted it.
The British summoned a Round Table Conference in
London to discuss the report of the Simon Commission
- 1931:
The Gandhi-Irwin Pact was signed in March, where the
British government agreed to release political prisoners
and the Congress agreed to suspend the Civil
Disobedience Movement.
The Second Round Table Conference took place, but it
ended in failure.
1932: The Third Round Table Conference was held, but the
Indian National Congress did not participate.
1927 December: All India States People’s Conference
1934: The Congress Socialist Party was formed.
1915: Hindu Mahasabha was formed
1924: Gandhi ji went on fast for 21 days
1940: Muslim League passed the resolution for creation of
Pakistan at Lahore Session
August 2, 1935: The Government of India Act 1935 was
passed by the British Parliament ¹.
Page 7 of 9
MAJOR IMPORTANT DATES
1. The Swadeshi movement (1905 )
2. Early Resistance (1757-1857)
3. Nationalist Movement (1885-1914)
4. Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922)
5. Civil Disobedience Movement (1930-1934)
6. Quit India Movement (1942)
7. Gandhi-Irwin Pact ( 1931 ):
8. Dandi March & start of the Civil Disobedience
Movement( 1930 )
9. Simon Commission formed ( 1927 )
10. Home Rule Movement ( 1916 )
11. Lucknow Pact ( 1916 )
12. Jallianwala Bagh Massacre ( 13 April 1919 )
13. Rowlatt Act (1919)
14. Khilafat Movement ( 1920 )
15. Non-Cooperation Movement ( 1920 )
16. Surat Session ( 1920 )
17. Champaran Satyagraha ( 1917 )
18. Chauri Chaura Incident ( 1920: - 1922)
19. The Ilbert Bill was passed, ( 1883: )
1930: The First Round Table Conference
1931: The Second Round Table Conference
1932: The Third Round Table Conference
Page 8 of 9
UNITED NATIONS
1945: UN was found after Second World War
Sep 1939 – Aug 1945 : Second World War
24,October 1945: UNO was formed
August 1941: Atlantic Charter was signed between
U.S. President --Franklin D. Roosevelt &
British Prime Minister --- Winston Churchill
Page 9 of 9
