Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering

Pretest
September 6, 2025 8:00 - 5:00
AM

AB MACHINERY AND MECHANIZATION

Directions: Choose the correct answer by shading the appropriate letter on the
answer sheet provided.

1. A tandem-type disc harrow has a width of cut of 5.0 m, with each disc measuring
620 mm in diameter. If the spacing between discs is 280 mm, how many discs
are there in the harrow?
a) 20 b) 24 c) 32 d) 36
2. Draft of disc harrows increases and penetration __________ with speed.
a) remains the same c) decreases
b) increases d) a or b
3. The maximum horizontal projection of a tool in the soil perpendicular to the line
of motion.
a) tool width c) tool operating width
b) tool clearance d) tool orientation
4. Sprayers are used primarily for the application of:
a) herbicides c) insecticides
b) fungicides d) pesticides
5. A field measuring 45 m X 90 m is to be prepared using a 1-m upland power tiller
at a speed of 3 kph. Assume a 10% overlap between passing and 9 seconds
turnaround time at the end of each pass. Determine the field efficiency in going
the shorter field direction.
a) 86% b) 83% c) 80% e) 77%
6. Principle used in creating hydraulic energy in a lever-operated knapsack sprayer
is ___.
a) adding liquid to a container with an existing volume of liquid
b) adding air to a container with fixed volume of liquid
c) adding liquid to a container with a fixed volume of air
d) adding air to a container with an existing volume of air
7. How many rice combines are recommended for a 200-ha contiguous farm given
a 3.0 m wide rice combine harvester traveling at 5 kph with 90% material
efficiency and operating at 6 net hours per day. The window of operation is 14
days with only 80% possible operational days.
a) 2 b) 4 c) 3 d) 6
8. This is the application and management of pests by manipulating the
environment or implementing preventive practices such as using plants that are
resistant to pests, proper timing of planting and crop rotation.
a) Ecological Control c) Biological Control
b) Cultural Control d) Chemical Control
9. Planters which are designed to plant one or more seeds or plants with row
spacing equal to hill spacing:
a) solid planters c) check row planter
b) precision planter d) hill drop planter
10.A sprayer with a pressurized liquid tank and in which the discharge is carried
out with the air pressure created in advance by built-in pump or from outside

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a) Continuous sprayer
b) Compression sprayer
c) Knapsack sprayer
d) Compression Sprayer – Non-pressure retaining type
11.A 4-wheel tractor with 3X14 inches moldboard plow is to operate on sandy loam
soil (specific draft = 0.21-0.42kg/cm2) at a depth of 25.4 cm. The maximum
draft and percent increase in draft due to speed are shown in the table below.
Determine the tractor horsepower required to perform the operation.

a) 45 hp b) 46 hp c) 36 hp d) 50 hp
12.An axial-flow type which is similar with the portable thresher with oscillating
screen but larger in size usually equipped with support wheel for ease of
transport.
a) Portable thresher with oscillating screen
b) Portable axial-flow thresher without oscillating screen
c) Mobile axial-flow thresher
d) Through-flow Thresher
13.If the speed ratio of seedplate over groundwheel of the two-row corn planter is
0.20, determine the expected plant population/ha. Row spacing is 75 cm.
Groundwheel diameter is 60 cm. Average no. of seeds per hill is 2. Number of
cells of seedplate is 20. Average emergence of seeds is 85%.*
a) 66,000 plts/ha c) 48,000 plts/ha
b) 60,000 plts/ha d) 54,000 plts/ha
14.A 118 inches wide combine traveling at 4 kph can empty its 2.0-ton grain tank
in 4 minutes. The combine is to work an area of 20 hectares with a field yield of
4 tons/ha. It is operating unloading on-the-go and while in harvesting operation,
the machine makes an overlap of 10% every time it passes through a 500m
headland to headland distance. It takes 12 seconds to turn at the headland.
What is the efficiency of the machine?
a) 87% b) 88% c) 97% d) 96%
15.Secondary tillage involves pulverizing the soil to a depth of ____.
a) 6 to 36 inches c) up to 3 inches
b) 6 to 18 inches d) 3 to 6 inches
16.The disc harrow specification is found in PAES:
a) 221:2001 c) 123:2001 d) 133:
b) 120:2001 2001
17. For a 12-liter knapsack sprayer with swath of 1.6 m, nozzle discharge of 1.5
liters/min, and a walking speed of 18 m/min, compute for the amount of a
certain chemical to mix with water per loading. Application rate is 5kg/ha.
a) 100 grams/load c) 125 grams/load
b) 115 grams/load d) 140 grams/load
18.Part of a planter that is always present in all planters regardless of type and
cropping system:

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a) furrow opener c) seed tube

b) metering device d) furrow closer
19.Select a farm operation that can only be done with the use of a machine
a) Threshin b) Spraying c) Harvestin d) Plowing
g g
20.The application rate of a certain chemical is recommended at 4 kg/ha. The
calibration test of a 16-liter knapsack sprayer is as follows: Nozzle discharge =
1.2 liters/min, swath = 1.5 m and walking speed = 20 m/min. Determine the
total volume of water applied per hectare:
a) 200 liters b) 500 liters c) 300 liters d) 400 liters
21.Which of the following statements is incorrect: The higher the pressure, ____.
a) the larger the droplet size c) the wider the spray angle
b) the higher flow rate d) all of the above
22.The calibration of the 8X8 (8 rows X 8 inches row spacing) grain drill is shown
below. The row spacing is to be adjusted to 16 inches and the ground wheel
diameter is 1.2 m. What is the seeding rate at ½ open seeding adjustment?

a) 24 kg/ha c) 25 kg/ha
b) 48 kg/ha d) 49 kg/ha
23.The cutting mechanism most commonly employed by reapers and combines is
____.
a) slicing & tearing
b) high velocity, single-element, impact action
c) two-element, scissor-type action
d) all of the above
24.A 4-m combine traveling at 5 kph can empty its 1.5-ton grain tank in 2 minutes.
When unloading on-the-go, it has an 86% field efficiency. Field yield is 3.5
tons/ha. What would be the field efficiency if the combine stopped to load?
a) 85% b) 80% c) 70% d) 75%
25.Compute the drawbar horsepower of a 4-bottom moldboard plow on a clay loam
soil having 0.3m effective width-of-cut per bottom and 0.15m depth-of-cut. The
plowing speed is 10 kph. (Soil draft for clay loam soil is assumed at 8 psi).
a) 36.9 kW b) 27.14 kW c) 19.96 kW d) 50.17 kW
26.Compute for the rest period of woman doing weeding if the gross power
required in weeding is 1/2hp.
a) 30.00 min/hr c) 19.77 min/hr
b) 29.48 min/hr d) 15. 28 min/hr
27.Parameter not required in determining the field capacity of a planter ____.
a) forward speed of planter c) efficiency of planter
b) width of planter d) No. of seeds per hill
28.Type of soil working parts utilized by push-type weeders for wetland operation
a) blade type c) rotary type
b) tine type d) all of the above
29.Tractor A can cover a 1-Ha field in 2 hrs, tractor B in 3 hrs, and tractor C in 6
hrs. How long will it take to cover a 1-Ha field if the three tractors worked
together?

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a) 0.5 hr b) 1.0hr c) 2.0hr d) 1.5 hr

30.In a water pumping system, the source of water is usually at a ____
a) lower elevation than point of c) higher elevation than point of
delivery delivery
b) equal elevation than point of d) a & c
delivery
31.For a 4 inches by 4 inches centrifugal pump with discharge of 250 gpm,
determine the size of the diesel engine. Efficiency of the pump is 65%, of the
belt transmission is 95%, and of the air-cooled system is 80%. Total head is 30
ft.
a) 2.9 hp b) 3.1 hp c) 3.6 hp d) 3.8 hp

32.Which does not belong to the group?

a) disc harrow c) packer
b) field cultivator d) disc plow
33.(SxW)/CF, where: C is field capacity in ha/hr, S is speed of operation in km/hr,
and W is the width of cut in meters. What is the value of CF?
a) 3.6 b) 8.25 c) 10 d) 375
34.By increasing the disk angle, the penetration of a disk plow:
a) will improve c) equal draft with disk plow
b) will be the same d) decrease
35.A procedure whereby planting is made directly into an untilled land which
normally receives herbecides application.
a) Strip tillage c) Zero tillage
b) Mulch tillage d) Conservation tillage
36.What is the expected draft of a 4-40 cm plow travelling at 8kph in a sandy soil?
The depth of plowing will be 20 cm. For sandy silt, C1= 3 and C2= 0.056.
a) 11.03 kN b) 21.07 kN c) 4.30 kN d) 8.38 kN
37.Primary tillage implements with a strongly constructed ripper used for breaking
hard pans or deep compacted layers of soil to improve their internal drainage.
a) Chisel c) Molboard Plow
b) Subsoiler d) Ripper
38.Implement performing two functions simultaneously; that of initially cutting and
breaking the soil and then pulverizing it.
a) General-purpose Tillage c) Secondary tillage implement
implement d) Multi-purpose tillage
b) Primary tillage implement
39.This represents the interrelationship between capacity, head, power, NPSH,
and efficiency of the pump.
a) Pump Performance Curve c) Pump Selection Curve
b) Total Dynamic Head d) Pump Dynamic Head Curve
40.A 1.2-m wide floating tiller is used for rotary tilling/puddling a 24-m X 42-m
wetland paddy field. The average speed of travel is 3 kph and turning at the
headlands takes 10 seconds. What is the field efficiency if the field is worked
along its length?
a) 84% b) 71% c) 94% d) 74%
41.Part of moldboard plow bottom which receives, lifts, throws and inverts the
furrow slice to one side of plow bottom.
a) Share b) Moldboar c) Land d) Shin
d slide

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42.The angle, in the soil surface plane, between a centralized tool or reference axis
and a line which perpendicular to the direction of travel.
a) Lift angle c) Tilt Angle
b) Side angle d) Forward angle
43.Axial flow rice thresher basically are powered by gasoline engine
a) 14 hp b) 16 hp c) 18 hp d) 22 hp
44.An axial flow rice thresher typically has a capacity of
a) 0.17 b) 0.25 c) 0.33 d) 0.5 ha/hr
ha/hr ha/hr ha/hr
45.The scratching, cutting or abrading of materials caused by the action of soil.
a) Soil adhesion c) Soil heaving
b) Soil Abrasion d) Soil cohesion
46. Raised ridge formed when furrow slice is lapped over another slice.
a) Furrow slice c) Dead Furrow
b) Back furrow d) Furrow wall
47.The interest rate at which the present worth of the cash inflows equals the
present worth of the cash outflows.
a) Return on Investment c) Internal Rate of Return

b) Explicit Reinvestment rate d) External Rate of Return

48.The rate at which the net annual benefits cover the initial investment.
a) Return on Investment c) Internal Rate of Return
b) Explicit reinvestment rate d) External Rate of Return
49.It is the length of time it takes to recover the invested capital or until the net
benefits equal the investment cost.
a) Net Present worth c) Benefit cost ratio
b) Payback period d) Profitability ratio
50.Tillage operation used to partially bury and thereby prevent movement of
materials such as plant residues or artificial mulches.
a) Anchoring c) Harrowing
b) Off-baring d) Hilling-

Pretest AB Machinery and Mechanization 2025