A TECHNICAL REPORT ON

STUDENTS INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME

(SIWES)
UNDERTAKEN

AT

THE OYO STATE MINISTRY OF WORKS AND TRANSPORTATION

(MATERIALS LABORATORY)
BY
OLASUPO IBRAHEEM BABATUNDE
20201699

SUBMITTED TO:

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING (COLENG)

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE, ABEOKUTA

(FUNAAB)

IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD

OF A BACHELOR DEGREE (B.Eng.) IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

OCTOBER 2024

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 CERTIFICATION

This is to certify that OlASUPO IBRAHEEM BABATUNDE with Matriculation

number 20201699 of the Department of Civil Engineering, Federal University of

Agriculture, Abeokuta, participated in the Students’ Industrial Work Experience

Scheme at THE OYO STATE MINISTRY OF WORKS AND

TRANSPORTATION (MATERIALS LABORATORY)

------------------------------ ----------------------

Olasupo Ibraheem Date

Student

------------------------------ ----------------------

Engr. Fidelis Nkeshita Date

Supervising lecturer

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 DEDICATION

Firstly, I dedicate all that I have done so far in this session to GOD Almighty, for
strength and grace to keep moving and for his sustenance and preserving grace and
might all through the period of my SIWES.

Also, I dedicate this to my family, friends and mentors for their unwavering supports
and guidance.

Heartfelt thanks to The Oyo state ministry of works and transportation, Materials
Laboratory staffs for imparting me with invaluable insights and enriching experiences
throughout my industrial training journey. This report serves as evidence of the
knowledge acquired and growth accomplished.

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I ascribe to the sovereign God all glory, adoration, honor and power. He is the source
of my inspiration, the oil burning in my lamp and by whose grace I had a successful
Siwes at the Oyo state ministry of works and transportation.
The brilliant success of the SIWES program has never been without the great deal of
favour, support and encouragement I got from the following set of people. My sincere
appreciation goes to my family, who have never given up on supporting me with time
and energy to make me a better person in life. May God prolong your days in good
health to enjoy the fruit of your labour.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page

Certification

Dedication

Acknowledgement

Table of contents

Chapter 1

1.0 Introduction

1.1 STUDENT INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME (SIWES)

BACKGROUND

1.2 Objectives of SIWES

1.3 Importance of SIWES

Chapter 2

2.1 Background of Establishment

2.1.1 Vision and Mission

2.1.2 The organization Services

2.2 Theoretical over view

Chapter 3

3.0 Sieve analysis of soil sample

3.1 Compaction test of soil sample

3.2 Concrete compression strength test

Chapter 4

Conclusion and Recommendations

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 CHAPTER 1
1.0 INTRODUCTION

The Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) is an established skill

training program that is part of the approved minimum academic standards for various
degree programs across Nigerian universities. This initiative seeks to close the gap
between theoretical knowledge and practical application in fields such as engineering,
technology, science, agriculture, medicine, management, and other professional
education programs within Nigerian tertiary institutions. Its primary goal is to provide
students with hands-on experience using machinery and equipment, as well as to
familiarize them with professional work practices and safety measures in industrial
settings and other organizations.

This scheme involves three key parties: the students, the universities, and the
industries (employers). It is funded by the federal government of Nigeria and is jointly
coordinated by the Industrial Training Fund (ITF) and the National Universities
Commission (NUC).

1.1 STUDENT INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME (SIWES)

BACKGROUND

The Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) is a skills development

program launched by the Industrial Training Fund (ITF) in 1973 to address the
disconnect between theoretical knowledge and practical application among
engineering and technology students in higher education institutions across Nigeria.
This initiative offers students hands-on experience in real work environments,
exposing them to methods and techniques for handling equipment and machinery that
may not be accessible at their institutions.

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When the program began in 1974, it included 784 students from 11 institutions and
covered 104 eligible courses. By 2008, participation had grown significantly, with
210,390 students from 219 institutions enrolled in over 112 eligible courses.

SIWES is an integral part of the curriculum for tertiary institution students in Nigeria,
designed to provide practical experience that complements their classroom learning.
Participation in the SIWES program is typically a requirement for degree completion.
This program aims to equip students with practical, scientific, social, and
entrepreneurial skills essential for addressing the technological challenges facing the
nation and contributing to the overall development of students in these fields.

In view of this participation, the SIWES program has become a necessary prerequisite
for the award of degree in Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State in
line with the education policy of the government.

1.2 OBJECTIVES OF SIWES

The Industrial Training Funds policy Document No. 1 of 1973 which established
SIWES outlined the objectives of the scheme. The objectives are to:

1. Provide an avenue for students in higher institutions of learning to acquire

industrial skills and experiences during their course of study.
2. Prepare students for industrial work situations that they are likely to meet after
graduation.
3. Expose students to work methods and techniques in handling equipment and
machinery that may not be available in their institutions.
4. Make the transition from school to the world of work easier and enhance
students’ contacts for later job placements.

1.3 IMPORTANCE OF SIWES

1. It provides students with an opportunity to apply their theoretical knowledge in

real life situation.
2. It exposes students to more practical work methods and techniques.
3. It strengthens link between employers, universities and industrial training fund
(ITF).

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4. It also prepares the students for the labor market after graduation.
To achieve the objectives of SIWES, I was given a acceptance at the Oyo State
Ministry Of Works and Transportation to gain a practical knowledge and experience
in my field of study.

CHAPTER 2

2.1 BACKGROUND OF ESTABLISHMENT

The Oyo state ministry of works and transportation was incorporated as a major
player of maintenance and supervisions of construction works ranging from
Engineering fields. The ministry is owned by the Oyo state government.
The ministry maintains a formidable list of highly qualified Professionals- Civil,
Building, Electrical, Mechanical Engineers, Administrators and Technicians.

2.1.1 Vision and Mission of the Ministry

The intention of the ministry is to remain a critical implementation organ for
delivering essential public works, transportation infrastructure, provision and
maintenance of electrical and mechanical installations throughout the state including
safeguarding the lives and properties of citizens through the provision of firefighting
services.
Develop policies and plans that will lead to the revamping and building of well
planned and aligned transportation infrastructure for critical development needs of the
State including the development of the capacity of public works to meet the needs of
the citizenry.
Develop a works and transport system for overall development, expansion, promotion
and protection of roads, bridges and other essential public infrastructure in order to
contribute to economic and social development of the state.

To protect adequate, safe and well maintained public works and transportation
infrastructure and services that support socio – economic development of the State.

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2.1.2 The Services of Oyo state ministry of works and transportation
Engineering Services
i. They undertakes the supervision of construction/rehabilitation/maintenance of
roads, bridges, etc. within the state.
ii. they also undertake the supervision of construction of water supply including
construction of Dams, laying of pipes, construction of storage Tanks,
installation of treatment equipment including mechanical and electrical works.
iii. Supervision and over oversees the Construction and development of estate
housing projects, including estate structures like drainage, Roads, Water
supply, Sewage, fencing electrical installation, landscaping, beautification
etc. .
They supervise the process fixing rural electrification, including supply and
installation of electrical plants and equipment.
iv. Also oversees the construction of Construction of hostels, lecture theaters,
libraries, school buildings and laboratories including supply and installation of
laboratory equipment for teaching purposes within the state.

2.2 THEORETICAL/GENERAL OVERVIEW

This section of the report provides background information on the general work
experience of the trainee. Brief descriptions/general overview of work done at the
Materials Laboratory of the Oyo State Ministry of works and transport.

 Sieve Analysis of soil sample

· Purpose: To determine the particle size distribution of granular materials (e.g.,

soil, aggregates).

· Process:

1. A sample of soil or aggregate is collected and dried.

2. The sample is passed through a series of sieves with different mesh sizes.
3. The amount of material retained on each sieve is weighed.
4. The percentage of total weight is calculated for each sieve to produce a
particle size distribution curve.

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· Applications: Used in geotechnical engineering to classify soils and assess their
suitability for construction projects.

 Soil compaction test

· Purpose: To evaluate the density of soil and its ability to support structures.

· Types:

 Standard Proctor Test: Measures the moisture-density relationship of soil;

uses a 5.5 lb hammer dropped from 12 inches.
 Modified Proctor Test: Similar to the Standard Proctor but uses a heavier
hammer (10 lb) and a greater drop height, resulting in higher compaction.

· Process:

1. A soil sample is compacted in a mold at varying moisture contents.

2. The density of the compacted soil is measured.

3. The optimum moisture content for maximum dry density is determined.

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· Applications: Important for construction projects to ensure soil stability and
prevent settlement.

 Concrete compression strength test

 Purpose: To determine the compressive strength of concrete.

 Process:
1. Concrete samples (cylinders or cubes) are cast and cured for a
specified period (usually 28 days).
2. The samples are placed in a compression testing machine.
3. A load is applied until the sample fails.
4. The maximum load at failure is recorded, and the compressive strength
is calculated.
 Applications: Essential for ensuring that concrete used in construction meets
design specifications and safety standards.

These tests are fundamental in civil engineering and construction, providing critical
data to ensure the safety and durability of structures.

CHAPTER 3

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3.0 Sieve Analysis of soil sample
Test Details

Material Tested: Sand Sample

Location: Construction Site A

Date of Test: September 30, 2024

Conducted by: Oyo state ministry of works and transport, Materials Laboratory.

Test Method: ASTM C136 (Standard Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and
Coarse Aggregates)

Equipment used: sieves, weighing balance

Sieve Analysis Results Table

Sieve Sieve # Weight Cumulative Cumulative Percent

Size of Weight Percent Passing
(mm) Sample Retained Retained (%)
(g) (g) (%)

19.0 1 0 0 0 100

12.5 2 0 0 0 100

9.5 3 5 5 1.67 98.33

4.75 4 30 35 11.67 88.33

2.0 5 50 85 28.33 71.67

1.0 6 70 155 51.67 48.33

0.5 7 90 245 81.67 18.33

0.25 8 40 285 95.00 5.00

Pan - 15 300 100 0

Data Interpretation

Weight of Sample: The total weight of the soil sample tested was 300 g.

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Cumulative Weight Retained: This column indicates the total weight of
soil retained on each sieve.

Cumulative Percent Retained: This is the percentage of the total sample

weight that is retained on each sieve.

Percent Passing: This is calculated as follows:

Percent Passing=100−Cumulative Percent Retained

Example Calculations

For Sieve #3 (9.5 mm):

Cumulative Weight Retained: 5 g

Cumulative Percent Retained:

Cumulative Percent Retained=5/300×100≈1.67%

Percent Passing:

Percent Passing=100−1.67≈98.33%

For Sieve #6 (1.0 mm):

Cumulative Weight Retained: 155 g

Cumulative Percent Retained:

Cumulative Percent Retained

=155/300×100≈51.67%

Percent Passing:

Percent Passing=100−51.67≈48.33%

Conclusion

The sieve analysis indicates that the tested sand sample has a well-graded
particle size distribution. The majority of the particles are retained on the
larger sieves, indicating that the sample contains a significant portion of
coarse material. This information is critical for applications such as
concrete mix design, where the grading of aggregates affects workability
and strength.

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Recommendations

Regular sieve analysis should be conducted to ensure quality control of

materials used in construction.

3.1 Compaction test on soil sample

Test Details

Material Tested: Soil Sample (Clayey Soil)

Location: Construction Site A

Date of Test: September 30, 2024

Conducted by: Oyo state ministry of works and transportation, Materials

laboratory.

Test Method: Standard Proctor Compaction Test (ASTM D698)

Test Procedure Overview

Sample Preparation: The soil sample was air-dried and passed through a
19 mm sieve.

Moisture Content Determination: The initial moisture content of the soil

was determined before the compaction test.

Compaction Process:

The soil was compacted in a 1.0-liter mold using a standard hammer

weighing 2.495 kg, dropped from a height of 30.5 cm.

Each layer was compacted with 25 blows of the hammer.

Volume Measurement: The final volume of the compacted soil was

measured.

Test Results Table

Trial No. Weight Volume Wet Moisture Dry Remarks

of Soil of Mold Density Content Density
(g) (cm³) (g/cm³) (%) (g/cm³)

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1 1900 1000 1.90 12 1.70 Initial
trial

2 2000 1000 2.00 14 1.75 Increased

moisture

3 2100 1000 2.10 16 1.81 Near

optimal
moisture

4 2150 1000 2.15 18 1.82 Slightly

over
moisture

5 2050 1000 2.05 15 1.80 Decreased

moisture

Maximum - - - - 1.81 Optimal

Dry moisture
Density found

Calculations

Example Calculations

For Trial 1:

Weight of Soil = 1900 g

Volume of Mold = 1000 cm³

Moisture Content = 12%

Wet Density:

Wet Density=1900g/1000cm3=1.90 g/cm3

Dry Density:

Dry Density=1.90/1+(12/100)=1.90/1.12

1.70 g/cm3
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Summary of Results

Maximum Dry Density Achieved: 1.81 g/cm³

Optimum Moisture Content: 16%

Conclusion

The Standard Proctor Compaction Test indicated that the maximum dry
density of the tested clayey soil is 1.81 g/cm³ at an optimum moisture
content of 16%. This information is crucial for determining the
compaction requirements for construction projects involving this soil
type. Ensuring adequate compaction will enhance the stability and load-
bearing capacity of the soil.

Recommendations

It is recommended to maintain moisture content around 16% during

compaction for optimal performance.

Regular compaction tests should be conducted at various sites to ensure

consistency in soil quality across the construction area.

3.2 Concrete compression strength test

Sample Details:

Mix Design: C25/30 Concrete

Casting Date: September 1, 2024

Curing Method: Water curing

Test Dates: September 8, 2024 (7 days), September 15, 2024 (14 days),
September 29, 2024 (28 days)

Cube Dimensions: 150 mm x 150 mm x 150 mm

Test Results Table

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Sample Test Date Load at Compressive
No. Age Tested Failure Strength
(Days) (kN) (MPa)

1 7 09/08/2024 300 13.33

2 7 09/08/2024 310 13.78

3 7 09/08/2024 290 12.89 Calculations

Average 7 300 13.33 Compressive
1 14 09/15/2024 400 17.78 Strength
Formula:
2 14 09/15/2024 390 17.33
Compressive
3 14 09/15/2024 410 18.22 Strength (MPa
)
Average 14 400 17.78
=Load at Failu
1 28 09/29/2024 570 25.33
re (kN)/
2 28 09/29/2024 580 25.77 Area of Cube
(mm2)×1000
3 28 09/29/2024 590 26.22
Area of Cube:
Average 28 530 25.77
Area=150mm
× 150mm

=22500mm2

Example Calculations

For Sample 1 at 7 Days:

Compressive Strength=300 kN/22500mm2

× 1000 = 13.33 MPa

Summary of Results

Average Compressive Strength at 7 Days:13.33 MPa

Average Compressive Strength at 14 Days: 17.78 MPa

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Average Compressive Strength at 28 Days: 25.77 MPa

Conclusion

The compressive strength of the concrete increases with the curing age,
demonstrating that the concrete continues to gain strength over time. The
average values indicate that the concrete mix meets the expected strength
criteria for C25/30 concrete, which should have a characteristic strength
of at least 25 MPa at 28 days.

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 CHAPTER FOUR
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Conclusion
The SIWES program which was designed to provide a work experience, serving as a
bridge between the university and the world of work, was carried out at the THE
OYO STATE MINISTRY OF WORKS AND TRANSPORTATION(MATERIALS
LABORATORY). This training has offered me a great opportunity to grow and
develop; I have learnt extensively the various analytical procedures carried out on soil
and concrete, the importance of those analyses to construction. The training has also
enabled me broad my knowledge which has in turn boosted my career experience.

Recommendations
I recommend that SIWES program should be continued, as it helps in the practical
application of the body of knowledge gained in school and it exposes students to the
norms and ethics of the industrial set-up. Also, the Federal Government should
allocate allowance for the program which should be paid to the students on monthly
basis during the SIWES period, and the schools should help in securing placement for
their students.
The ITF should be empowered more to effectively improve the programme (SIWES)
in order to have enough human resources that will engineer the country’s drive
towards national development.

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