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VERNACULAR AND EARTHEN ARCHITECTURE: CONSERVATION
AND SUSTAINABILITY
PROCEEDINGS OF SOSTIERRA 2017, 3RD RESTAPIA, 3RD VERSUS, VALENCIA, SPAIN,
14–16 SEPTEMBER 2017

Vernacular and Earthen Architecture:

Conservation and Sustainability

Editors
C. Mileto, F. Vegas López-Manzanares,
L. García-Soriano & V. Cristini
Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
Cover photo: Half-timber in Villanueva de la Vera (Cáceres, Spain). Foto by Vegas & Mileto

CRC Press/Balkema is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

© 2018 Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK

Typeset by V Publishing Solutions Pvt Ltd., Chennai, India

Printed and bound in Great Britain by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon, CR0 4 YY

All rights reserved. No part of this publication or the information contained herein may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, by
photocopying, recording or otherwise, without written prior permission from the publisher.

Although all care is taken to ensure integrity and the quality of this publication and the information
herein, no responsibility is assumed by the publishers nor the author for any damage to the property or
persons as a result of operation or use of this publication and/or the information contained herein.

Published by: CRC Press/Balkema

Schipholweg 107C, 2316 XC Leiden, The Netherlands
e-mail: [email protected]
www.crcpress.com – www.taylorandfrancis.com

ISBN: 978-1-138-03546-1 (Hbk)

ISBN: 978-1-315-26773-9 (eBook)
 Vernacular and Earthen Architecture: Conservation and Sustainability – Mileto et al. (Eds)
© 2018 Taylor & Francis Group, London, ISBN 978-1-138-03546-1

Table of contents

Preface xiii
Organization and committees xv
Conference support xix
Colaboration xxi

Plenary lectures
Markers of earthen construction modern revival 3
H. Guillaud
The geography of earth building 9
M. Lewis

Vernacular earthen architecture

A sustainable repair process for heritage buildings in historic Jeddah 17
A.A. Adas & M.Y. Alaidaroos
Santal mud dwellings: Materials, construction and space typology 23
I. Ahmed
The study and analysis of the adaptation of earthen constructions in Hadhramaut (Yemen) 29
A.A. Alaidarous
Vernacular houses of Stratonikeia: Architectural typology, materials and techniques 35
O.B. Avsar & U.D. Genc
Ksar Taghit: Earthen architecture between authenticity and changes 41
T. Bachir Cherif & M. Aiche
Supplemented rammed earth in the northwestern regions of Valencia 47
L. Balaguer Garzón, L. García-Soriano & L. Villacampa Crespo
Earth construction in prehistoric settlements of southern Portugal 53
P. Bruno
Vernacular construction techniques and earth employ in Arg-e-Bam (Iran) 59
C. Cacciavillani, S. Rinaldi & M. Severini
Vernacular heritage in Mendoza (Cuyo region, Argentina) 65
S.A. Cirvini
Comparative evolution of vernacular mudbrick houses in the Nile Delta and Qurna (Luxor) 71
M. Correas Amador & C. Simpson
Tapiabrick: A digital platform on brick-supplemented rammed earth walls 79
V. Cristini & J.R. Ruiz Checa
The ancient caves from El Alguacilejo. Vernacular habitat and landscape of Gran Canaria, Spain 83
I. Díaz-Ramos & J. Manzano-Cabrera
Interpretation of sustainable desert architecture in Ghadames city, Libya 89
A. Eltrapolsi & H. Altan

v
Thermal performance and comfort of vernacular earthen buildings in Egypt and Portugal 95
J. Fernandes, M. Dabaieh, R. Mateus, S.M. Silva, L. Bragança & H. Gervásio
Earthen construction in Ourense, Galicia (Spain) 101
A. Fernández Palicio
Earthen vernacular architecture in Cuneo’s territories (Piedmont, Italy) 107
F. Fratini, S. Rescic, M. Mattone & L. Rovero
Vernacular earthen architecture and its restoration in the region of La Manchuela
in Albacete (Spain) 113
L. García-Soriano
Earthen elements in the Iberian Peninsula: Cataloging and preliminary study 119
L. García-Soriano, L. Villacampa Crespo & F.J. Gómez-Patrocinio
Vernacular architecture in El Khorbat, Morocco. Evolution of the Igrems 123
T. Gil Piqueras, P. Rodríguez-Navarro & A. Pérez Vila
Examination of structural decay processes in adobe vernacular architecture in Spain 129
F.J. Gómez-Patrocinio, L. García-Soriano & L. Balaguer Garzón
Mid-century earthen architecture in Aotearoa New Zealand—a new vernacular? 135
M. Hall
Stone, clay and turf in architectural construction 141
B. Juvanec
Transforming Kasena houses and indigenous building technology in Burkina Faso 147
H. Kobayashi, T. Shimizu, M. Ito & S. Nakao
Earth and gypsum: From theory to practice in Spanish vernacular architecture 153
V. La Spina
Earthen roofs in the region of Murcia, Spain: La Azohía 159
F.J. López Martínez & V. La Spina
Material and typological characterization of the tighremt n’Aït Makhat (Morocco) 165
J.M. López-Osorio, S. Batani Sembak & L. Martínez Bernal
Mud architecture: Sustaining communities in cold desert regions of Northern India 171
A.K. Meel & G. Nanda
Earthen heritage in the USA: Approximation to constructive techniques 179
C. Mileto & F. Vegas López-Manzanares
SOSTierra Project. Initial results 185
C. Mileto, F. Vegas López-Manzanares, L. García-Soriano & V. Cristini
A method of cataloguing for the earthen architectural heritage in Santo Domingo neighborhood
in Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico 191
A. Parra Zebadúa & M. Genís Vinyals
Study and appreciation of earthen architecture in Valencia’s southern farmland 197
A. Pérez Vila
Mestizo and hybrid typologies. Vernacular rural housing in Colombia 203
Y. Pulgarín
Mexico’s central area earthen architecture. Rammed earth construction: Use and technique 209
D. Romero Olguín
Domestic wineries in the Urz-Vidriales countryside (Spain) 215
M. Ruiz-Bedia & A. Herrera Peral
Scottish earth building materials 221
M. Saez-Martinez & A. Leslie

vi
Thinking about historic resources: A proposed guidance document 227
I.R. Stiegler, R. McManus, M. Achenza, M. al-Aidaroos, M. Beas, J. Bell, L. Cooke,
M. Costi de Castrillo, A. Crosby, B. Esquivel, J. Hurd, B. Işik, P. Jerome, M. Lambert,
T. Leiermann, C. Mileto, G. Shemdin, J. Vargas & F. Vegas
Historic cob structures in Moravia 233
Z. Syrová & J. Syrový
A study of pit houses with soil-covered roofs in a humid climate in Japan 239
T. Tsukidate
Traditional earthen architecture in Aragon, Spain 243
L. Villacampa Crespo, J.M. Sanz Zaragoza & L. García-Soriano
The use of natural materials and ancient building techniques: The case for rammed
earth construction 249
E.L. Wagner
Wind and dwellings in the villages of Rincón de Ademuz, Valencia (Spain) 253
W. Ji

Rehabilitation of vernacular earthen architecture

Thermal insulation for a sustainable rehabilitation of traditional buildings 261
M. Achenza
Thermal assessment of the behavior of retrofitted rammed earth in central Catalonia 267
G. Barbeta, M.M. Pareta, M.A. Chamorro & M. Sabata
Using machine-dismantled cotton seed hulls in the making of light earth blocks 273
A. González & S. Cabrera
The systemic approach in the intervention on earthen architecture 279
J.L. González Moreno-Navarro, M. Genís Vinyals, B. Onecha Pérez &
A. Casals Balagué
Kasbah Taourirt: Conserving earthen heritage in Morocco 287
B. Marcus, C. Cancino & M. Boussalh
Consumption study and energy optimization of a typical Valencian house 295
A. Martínez, R. Royo & S. Tormo
Maps, actors & local policies around earth buildings in Auvergne Rhône-Alpes 301
G. Paccoud, M. Chamodot, L. Génis, F. Gutiérrez, E. Mille, B. Rakotomamonjy,
J. Avons-Bariot & D. Studer
Rammed earth buildings to meet Italian thermal regulation: Monitoring and
sample tests 307
R. Pennacchio & G. Piccablotto
A pilot project, a tool for conserving the historic city of Cuenca, Ecuador 315
B. Rakotomamonjy, E. Sevillano Gutiérrez & E. Carnevale
Vernacular change in Brazil southeast region 323
M.A.P. Rezende, S.L.A. Braga, J.L.R. Vale & M.V.S. Peixoto
Investigating the preservation of vernacular earthen buildings of Louroujina (Akincilar)
in North Cyprus 329
R. Sabri & H. Altan
Campiña Segoviana’s earthen heritage and conservation clues from Isère 335
E. Sevillano Gutiérrez & E. Camarasaltas Pérez
Transformation in the Kasena’s large earthen compound houses in Burkina Faso 343
T. Shimizu, S. Nakao, H. Kobayashi & M. Ito

vii
Contemporary earthen architecture
Hassan Fathy’s humane considerations in design and the significance of New Gourna 351
A.G. Abdel Tawab
A temporary pavilion as a way to experiment with mud. The case of Roly Poly 357
L. Balboa Quesada & A.J. Jiménez Quesada
A home with roots. Construction process of an adobe contemporanean house 361
P. Bel-Anzué
A minus carbon eco-cycle earthen refugee shelter: A feasibility study 367
M. Dabaieh
Net Zero Energy straw bale & rammed earth design; cold climate case study 373
R. Davidson
Natural clay plasters: Checking regulations to characterization tests 379
A. González-Serrano, R. Rodríguez-García, L. Molina & M. Ponce
Terra nova—earthen architecture and modernity 383
F.M. Lorusso & S. Mecca
The school of Baasneere, the process of international cooperation 389
J.V. Maravilla Moreno & X. Ferragud Adam
CEB Factory for seismic resistant earthen architecture design in Nepal 393
F. Masso Ros
CEB production in social insertion workshops. An experience in Algemesí (Spain) 399
J. Nácher Martínez, J.V. Maravilla Moreno, X. Ferragud Adam &
F.J. Gómez-Patrocinio
A case-study project of reinterpretation of local traditional techniques 403
J.R. Ruiz Checa & V. Cristini

Restoration of monumental earthen architecture

Restoration method on the southern wall of the Medieval access road to the Generalife 411
I. Bestué Cardiel, F.J. López Martínez & J.C. Molina Gaitán
The keep of the Alcázar of Carmona (Sevilla, Spain). Materials for the restoration
of rammed earth walls 417
F.J. Blasco-López, J. Canivell, A. Graciani, J.J. Martín-del-Río & F.J. Alejandre
Rammed earth and formworks in Medieval fortifications in Castilla-La Mancha, Spain 423
F.J. Castilla, D. Gallego, J. Molero, C. Peña & D. Sanz
The Islamic wall of Mula (Spain): 3D reconstruction, restoration and musealization 429
P.E. Collado Espejo, J. García León, V. La Spina & J. Fernández Del Toro
The use of lime, an example of good practices in the conservation of cultural heritage
built on earth 435
R. Fernández Baca Casares, M. García de Casasola Gómez, E. Ontiveros Ortega,
B. Castellano Bravo & P. Santana Martín
Earth in historical fortifications. Pedro de Lucuze’s method 441
L. Gimeno Romero, L. Cortés Meseguer & S. Tormo Esteve
PREFORTI project: The preventive conservation of historic rammed-earth 447
M.L. Gutiérrez-Carrillo, I. Bestué Cardiel, J.C. Molina Gaitán &
J.A. Martínez López
3D modelling for the interpretation of watchtowers between capes of San Antonio and
La Nao (Alicante, Spain) 453
F. Juan-Vidal & P. Rodríguez-Navarro

viii
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Earthen architecture, appreciation and landscape: The oasis of Ferkla (Morocco) 459
F. Juan-Vidal & T. Gil Piqueras
New technology for analysis of the chapel of Santa María, Coahuila, Mexico 465
R. López de Juambelz, A.S. Rodríguez Cepeda & M.Á. Sorroche Cuerva
Implementing a GIS for cataloguing Medieval defensive earth architecture 471
E. Molero, M.L. Gutiérrez-Carrillo & J. Garrido
The defense of the technique of rammed earth made by Giovanni Battista Antonelli
in 1560 477
P. Rodríguez-Navarro
An approach to earthen fortifications in villages of La Serranía (Valencia, Spain) 483
F. Roger
The first rammed earth wall in America. Earth in 16th-century Dominican architecture 489
M.Á. Sorroche Cuerva
The preservation of the Nubian earthen architecture 495
G. Torra i Campos, I. García Alonso, M. Cressent & O. Hasabelrasoul Ahmed
Constructive analysis of the rammed earth walls in the Petrés Castle (Valencia, Spain) 499
F. Vegas López-Manzanares, C. Mileto, F.J. Gómez-Patrocinio & A. Pérez Vila
Seismic Retrofitting Project: On-site retrofitting techniques workshops 505
K.H. Wong, C. Cancino, J.C. Menendez & L. Villacorta Santamato

Lessons from vernacular heritage for a sustainable contemporary architecture

Conservation of vernacular architecture, the case of the old town of Nablus/Palestine 513
E.M. Amad
The habitat of the nomadic shepherds in the Jbel Saghro, Morocco 519
J. Asencio Juncal, G. Cudeiro Baiguera, P. Iranzo Navas,
M.A. Porras Díaz & S. Pino Martín
Vernacular nomadic architecture in the Mgoun Valley, High Atlas (Morocco) 527
J. Asencio Juncal, J. Ingelmo Moyano & J. Ramírez Bandera
Casa de los Cinteros: Constructive analysis of a traditional house in northern Valencia 533
L. Balaguer Garzón & S. Traver
S. Jerónimo de Cotalba. Strategies for the preservation of the monastic complex 539
J.M. Barrera Puigdollers & N. Matarredona Desantes
Life cycle assessment for the earthen heritage center (Pabillonis, Sardinia) 545
A. Bonoli, S. Rizzo, M. Tomasi & A. Vado
The Tiburtino II district in Rome (Italy). Proposals for preserving the modern architecture 551
C. Careccia, T. De Gennaro & M.G. Rizzi
Vernacular tradition and modernity. New scenarios in urban living 557
R. Chimirri
Sustainable proposal for the conservation of Castillejo of Monteagudo (Murcia, Spain) 563
P.E. Collado Espejo & M.J. Serrano Latorre
Perceptions of earth in the age of global architecture 569
J. Dahmen
Is it useless rubble or recyclable building material? 575
B. del Cueto
Understanding the vernacular heritage to design sustainable habitats in Asni, Morocco 581
L. Dipasquale & D. Giorgi

ix
A survey of Danish earthen heritage for sustainable building 587
B.T. Eybye & I. Vestergaard
Lessons of sustainability from the survey of the Valencian barraca 593
Y. Hernández Navarro & P. de Dato
Restoration of the church of the Immaculate Conception in El Llano, Alajuela, Costa Rica 599
I. Hernández Salazar
When the neo-vernacular architecture inspires the contemporary conception 605
S. Kersenna & S. Chaouche
Characteristics of earthen architecture in Ağlasun 611
V.B. Kurtulus, E.Ç. Asrav, N. Şahin Güçhan & G. Bilgin Altınöz
The painted facades and the urban landscape of Bisceglie, Italy. Notes of history
and restoration 619
A. La Notte
Set of nine cave houses in La Algueña, Alicante (Spain). Renewal proposal 625
A. Martínez Antón, G. López Patiño, V. Blanca Giménez & F. Aranda Navarro
The influence of rice cultivation in the architecture of Sueca’s village (Valencia, Spain) 631
C. Masó Vendrell
In situ monitoring and characterisation of earthen envelopes: A review 637
M.A. Mellado Mascaraque, F.J. Castilla Pascual, I. Oteiza &
F. Martín-Consuegra
Study of the situation of traditional constructive techniques and materials in Spain 645
C. Mileto, F. Vegas López-Manzanares, V. Cristini & M.S. García Sáez
Vernacular housing and transformations at the Cordillera de Sama (Bolivia) 651
F. Moreno, C. Pérez de Guzmán & S. Santiago
Built heritage as catalysts of environmental sustainability: A pragmatic paradigm
for Anthropocene 657
A.P. Olukoya Obafemi
Adobe vernacular heritage in Mexicali, Mexico 663
D. Olvera, L. Mendoza & L. Guerrero
Balconies in traditional urban architecture through typology and solar radiation 669
P. Privitera
The Chilean adobe as a seismic vernacular technology, the study of the “Norte Chico” area 675
A. Rivera Vidal
Tracking down constructive techniques: Farmhouses preliminary studies 681
F. Romero Iglesias, M. Martínez Lledó & V. Cristini
Water-related built heritage in Campania, Italy. Knowledge for conservation of a sustainable
vernacular architecture 687
V. Russo, S. Pollone, G. Ceniccola & L. Romano
From vernacular to contemporary: Kilwa (Tanzania) and Albreda (The Gambia) tourist
information centres 693
N. Sánchez Muñoz & S. Moriset
Passive design principles in vernacular architecture of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain 699
A.B. Serrano Lanzarote, M. Navarro Escudero, L. Ramírez Pareja &
C. Mateo Cecilia
Local pre-industrial communities in Tuscany and the exploitation of water 705
D. Ulivieri
Contemporary earthen architecture in the northern temperate climate 711
I. Vestergaard & B.T. Eybye

x
Sustainability of rammed earth building tradition in Tepeyahualco, Mexico 717
M.A. Vizcarra & L.F. Guerrero

Structural analysis of vernacular architecture

Structural assessment of earthen walls using damage tests and models 725
A. Alonso Durá, A. Martínez Boquera & F.J. Gómez-Patrocinio
Planning for acceptable contemporary earth construction in South Africa 731
G. Bosman
Main church of the Cartuja de Vall de Christ, Altura (Spain). Analysis of the interventions 737
A. Carballal García
Thermal orthophotos and vernacular architecture: Surveying half-timber walls in Béjar, Spain 743
M. Diodato, S. Tormo Esteve & L. Balaguer Garzón
The influence of ambient conditions into rammed earth compressive strength 751
B. González-Sánchez, J.R. Rosell Amigó & A. Navarro Ezquerra
Acoustic test on adobe and rammed earth walls 755
P. Guillén Marzal
Experimental study of adobe walls with geogrid reinforced mud plaster 763
S. Invernizzi, M. Mattone, P. Vachey & M. Gentile
A preliminary study of CIPS as a consolidant for earthen cultural materials 771
I. Loo, C. Kyi, S. Collis, A. Jamieson & G. Price
Low-cost adobe structures with bamboo additives and bamboo frames. Strength tests 777
M. Paradiso, F. Bizzeti, E. Perria, A. Farigu & O. Lotti
Experimental analysis of compressive mechanical behavior of adobe masonry 783
J.D. Rodríguez Mariscal & M. Solís Muñiz
Stabilisation of earthen surfaces using carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) 789
J. Romero & G. Barbeta
Advanced study of the mechanical properties of compressed earth block 797
G. Ruiz, X.X. Zhang, L. Garijo, I. Cañas & W.A. Fouad
Seismic analysis of Portuguese adobe buildings 803
L. Sarchi, R. Monteiro & H. Varum
Improved 2nd order holder. Method for heat transfer calculation for walls 809
L. Soto Francés, B. Serrano Lanzarote, L. Ortega Madrigal & J.M. Pinazo Ojer
Schematic analysis of traditional Vietnamese houses under the influence of Han culture 815
W.J. Wang

Author index 821

xi
 Vernacular and Earthen Architecture: Conservation and Sustainability – Mileto et al. (Eds)
© 2018 Taylor & Francis Group, London, ISBN 978-1-138-03546-1

Preface

SOStierra2017 (International Conference on Vernacular Earthen Architecture, Conservation and

Sustainability) was born of the need to debate and highlight the recent studies, problems, and difficulties
linked to vernacular earthen architecture and its conservation. In addition, and on a broader scale, it deals
with the vernacular architecture which includes earthen architecture and the possibilities that vernacular
heritage opens up for a more sustainable future. The SOStierra2017 conference, held on 14, 15 and 16
September 2017 at the Higher Technical School of Architecture of Universitat Politècnica de València,
as part of the project “SOStierra: La restauración y rehabilitación de arquitectura tradicional de tierra
en la Península Ibérica. Líneas guía y herramientas para una intervención sostenible” (Restoration and
rehabilitation of traditional earthen architecture in the Iberian Peninsula. Guidelines and tools for a
sustainable intervention) (Ref.: BIA2014-55924-R) funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and
Competitiveness.
The wide range of topics discussed at this conference has been organized into six main blocks.
1-Vernacular earthen architecture (study and cataloging of vernacular earthen architecture; vernacular
construction techniques that employ earth; sustainability mechanisms in vernacular earthen architecture);
2-Rehabilitation of vernacular earthen architecture (case studies of vernacular earthen architecture
rehabilitations; techniques and materials employed in the rehabilitation of vernacular earthen
architecture; studies and sustainability mechanisms in vernacular earthen architecture rehabilitations);
3-Contemporary earthen architecture (case studies of contemporary earthen architecture; techniques
and materials used in the construction of contemporary earthen architecture; contemporary earthen
architecture and sustainability); 4-Restoration of monumental earthen architecture (study and cataloging
of monumental rammed earth architecture in the Iberian Peninsula; study and cataloging of monumental
earthen architecture; techniques and materials employed in the restoration of monumental earthen
architecture); 5-Lessons from vernacular heritage for a sustainable contemporary architecture (study and
cataloging of vernacular architecture; sustainability mechanisms in vernacular architecture; conservation
and restoration of vernacular architecture; application of sustainability lessons from vernacular heritage
to contemporary architecture); 6-Structural analysis of vernacular architecture (non-destructive testing,
inspection and structural monitoring; structural repair and strengthening techniques; analytical and
numerical approaches; seismic behavior and retrofitting).
Given the wide scope of these topics, all six have been grouped under the common umbrella of the
SOStierra2017 conference, although two of them, Restoration of monumental earthen architecture and
Lessons from vernacular heritage for a sustainable contemporary architecture, were covered in two inde-
pendent events connected with the SOStierra2017 conference: ResTAPIA 2017—3rd Conference on
Rammed Earth Conservation (the first was held in 2012 and the second in 2014, both at Universitat
Politècnica de València), and VerSus 2017—3rd Conference on Lessons from Vernacular Heritage for
Sustainable Architecture (the first was held at ESG-Escola Superior Gallaecia in Cerveira—Portugal in
2013, and the second at Universitat Politècnica de València in 2014).
The Scientific Committee for SOStierra2017 | REStapia2017 | Versus 2017 was made up of 68
internationally recognized researchers from 26 different countries and all five continents. All the
contributions to the conference, both the abstracts and the final texts, have been subjected to a strict
peer-review evaluation system by the members of the scientific committee. The 133 contributions by 286
authors from 35 countries published in this book, “Vernacular and Earthen Architecture: Conservation
and Sustainability”, have been chosen following a strict selection process from almost 250 submissions
received. As well as the papers, the book includes guest contributions from two renowned authors in the
field of earthen architecture: “Markers of Earthen Construction Modern Revival” by Hubert Guillaud
(CRAterre-ENSAG, ISCEAH, France) and “The Geography of Earth Building” by Miles Lewis (Univer-
sity of Melbourne, ICOMOS-CIAV, Australia). These are major contributions not only to the knowledge
of vernacular architecture and earthen architecture, but also to its conservation, restoration, and to les-
sons to be learnt from this for future architecture.

xiii
 The International Conference SOS-TIERRA 2017 was held under the aegis of: ICOMOS-CIAV
(International Scientific Committee for Vernacular Architecture); ICOMOS-ISCARSAH (International
Scientific Committee on the Analysis and Restoration of Structures of Architectural Heritage); ICOMOS-
ISCEAH (International Scientific Committee on Earthen Architectural Heritage); ICOMOS Spain;
CHAIR UNESCO UNITWIN—Earthen Architecture, Building Cultures & Sustainable Development;
PROTERRA (Red Iberoamericana de Arquitectura y Construcción con Tierra). Additional institutional
support was received from: IPCE—Instituto del Patrimonio Cultural de España of the Spanish Ministry
of Education, Culture and Sport; IVE (Institut Valencià de l’Edificació); INTBAU-Spain (International
Network for Traditional Building, Architecture & Urbanism—Spain); IEB (Instituto Español de
Baubiologie); EcoHabitar (Magazine EcoHabitar: Bioconstrucción—Bioarquitectura—Biología del
Hábitat).
The organization, publication, and implementation of the conference have been made possible by the
funding received from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (through the research project
“Restoration and rehabilitation of traditional earthen architecture in the Iberian Peninsula: Guidelines and
tools for a sustainable intervention”, Ref.: BIA2014-55924-R); Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura
and the Instituto de Restauración del Patrimonio (IRP) at Universitat Politècnica de València; financial
collaboration of institutions including Diputación de Valencia; Máster en Conservación del Patrimonio
Arquitectónico of the Universitat Politècnica de València; Máster en Técnicas Tradicionales of the
Universitat Politècnica de València; companies like ARESPA—Spanish Association of Historic Heritage
Restoration Companies, Catedra Cerámica-ASCER—Spanish Ceramic Tile Manufacturers’ Association;
Vallmaria—Construction company; E.I. Artola—Construction company, Argumentum—Publishers.
Finally, we would like to thank all the authors who have contributed to the quality, scope, diversity, and
wealth of these publications. We would also like to express our gratitude to all the members of the Scientific
Committee for their work throughout the long review process for abstracts and papers. And above all,
we wish to thank the Organizing Committee for the complex organization of the entire conference, the
style and language reviewers for their corrections, and all the collaborators for their invaluable work in
management and organization throughout the entire process.

Camilla Mileto, Fernando Vegas,

Lidia García-Soriano & Valentina Cristini
June 2017

xiv
 Vernacular and Earthen Architecture: Conservation and Sustainability – Mileto et al. (Eds)
© 2018 Taylor & Francis Group, London, ISBN 978-1-138-03546-1

Organization and committees

ORGANIZING COMMITTEE

Camilla Mileto (Chair), Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain

Fernando Vegas López-M. (Chair), Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
Valentina Cristini, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
Lidia García-Soriano, Instituto de Restauración del Patrimonio—UPV, Spain
Vincenzina La Spina, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Spain
José Ramón Ruiz Checa, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain

COLLABORATION IN THE ORGANIZATION

M. Soledad García Sáez

Maria Diodato
Salvador Tomás Márquez
Laura Villacampa Crespo
F. Javier Gómez Patrocinio
Laura Balaguer Garzón

ORGANIZED BY

UPV—Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain

IRP—Instituto de Restauración del Patrimonio, Valencia, Spain

AEGIS

CHAIR UNESCO—Earthen Architecture, Building Cultures and Sustainable Development

ICOMOS-CIAV—International Scientific Committee for Vernacular Architecture
ICOMOS-ISCARSAH—International Scientific Committee on the Analysis and Restoration of Structures
of Architectural Heritage
ICOMOS-ISCEAH—International Scientific Committee on Earthen Architectural Heritage
ICOMOS-ESPAÑA—Comité Español del Consejo Internacional de Monumentos y Sitios
PROTERRA—Red Iberoamericana de Arquitectura y Construcción con Tierra

INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT

IPCE—Instituto del Patrimonio Cultural de España, Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte—Gobierno

de España
INTBAU-España—The International Network for Traditional Building, Architecture and Urbanism—Spain
IEB—Instituto español en Baubiologie
EcoHabitar—Revista EcoHabitar: Bioconstrucción—Bioarquitectura—Biología del Hábitat
IVE—Institut Valencià de l’Edificació
Generalitat Valenciana—Conselleria d’Habitatge, Obres Públiques i Vertebració del Territori

xv
FUNDED BY

MICINN—Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad. Research project “Restoration and rehabilitation

of traditional earthen architecture in the Iberian Peninsula. Guidelines and tools for a sustainable
intervention”, funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (Ref.: BIA2014-55924-R; main
researchers: Camilla Mileto and Fernando Vegas López-Manzanares).
UPV—Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
ETSA—Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de Valencia, UPV, Spain
IRP—Instituto de Restauración del Patrimonio, UPV, Spain

COLLABORATING INSTITUTIONS

DIPUTACIÓN DE VALENCIA—Valencia, Spain

MÁSTER EN CONSERVACIÓN DEL PATRIMONIO ARQUITECTÓNICO—UPV, Valencia, Spain
MÁSTER EN TÉCNICAS TRADICIONALES—UPV, Valencia, Spain

COLLABORATING COMPANIES

ARESPA—Asoc. Española de Empresas de Restauración del Patrimonio Histórico

CATEDRA CERÁMICA-ASCER—Asoc. Española de Fabricantes de Azulejos y Pavimentos Cerámicos
ARGUMENTUM—Editorial, Lisboa, Portugal
VALLMARIA—Empresa de construcción
E.I. ARTOLA—Empresa de construcción

SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE

Adolfo Alonso Durá, Universitat Poltècnica de València, Spain | Alejandro García Hermida, Universidad
Alfonso X el Sabio, INTBAU-España, Spain | Alfonso Muñoz Cosme, IPCE, Ministerio de Cultura,
Spain | Amparo Graciani García, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain | Ana Roders, Eindhoven University
of Technology, Netherlands | Antonio Orihuela Uzal, Escuela Estudios Árabes, CSIC, Spain | Apolonia
Begoña Serrano Lanzarote, Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Spain | Arturo Martínez Boquera,
Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Spain | Arturo Zaragozá Catalán, Generalitat Valenciana, Spain |
Begoña Bernal Santa Olalla, Universidad de Burgos; ICOMOS España, Spain | Borut Juvanec, University
of Lubiana, Slovenia | Camilla Mileto, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain | Eloy Algorri García,
Centro de los Oficios León/COA León, Spain | Fabio Fratini, CNR-ICVBC, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| Faissal Cherradi, Ministerio de Cultura, Morocco | Fco. Javier Castilla Pascual, Universidad de Castilla
La Mancha, Spain | Fernando Vegas López-M, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain | Fernando
Vela Cossío, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain | Francisco Javier Blasco López, Universidad de
Sevilla, Spain | Fco. Javier López Martínez, Universidad Católica de Murcia, Spain | Gabriel Barbeta
Solá, Universidad de Gerona, Spain | Gerard Bosman, University of Free State, South Africa | Gilberto
Carlos, Escola Superior Gallaecia, Vila Nova Cerveira, Portugal | Gisle Jakhelln, ICOMOS-CIAV,
Norway | Gonzalo Ruiz López, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, Spain | Görün Arun, Yildiz Technical
University in Istambul, Turkey | Graciela Viñuales, PROTERRA, Argentina | Horst Schroeder, Bauhaus-
University Weimar, Germany | Hubert Guillaud, CRAterre-ENSAG, ISCEAH, France | Hugo Houben,
CRAterre-ENSAG, France | Isabel Kanan, ICOMOS-ISCEAH, PROTERRA, Brazil | Javier Gallego
Roca, Universidad de Granada, Spain | Jeanne Marie Teutonico, The Getty Conservation Institute,
Los Angeles, USA | John Hurd, ICOMOS-ISCEAH, ICOMOS Advisory Committee, United Kingdom
| John Warren, Universidad de York, Reino Unido | José Luis García Grinda, Universidad Politécnica de
Madrid, Spain | José Luis González Moreno-Navarro, Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña, Spain | José
Manuel López Osorio, Universidad de Málaga, Spain | José Ramón Ruiz Checa, Universitat Politècnica
de València, Spain | Juana Font Arellano, Fundación Antonio Font de Bedoya, PROTERRA, Spain |
Julio Vargas Neuman, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Peru | Lidia García-Soriano, Instituto de
Restauración del Patrimonio, UPV, Spain | Luis Fernando Guerrero Baca, Universidad Metropolitana
Autónoma, Mexico | Luis Maldonado Ramos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain | Maddalena
Achenza, Universitá di Cagliari, Italy | Marcel Vellinga, Oxford Brookes University, ICOMOS-CIAV,

xvi
United Kingdom | Maria Diodato, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain | María Fernandes,
Universidad de Coímbra, Portugal | Mariana Correia, Escola Superior Gallaecia, Vila Nova Cerveira,
Portugal | Marwa Dabaieh, Lund University, Lund, Sweden | Miguel Ángel Sorroche Cuerva, Universidad
de Granada, Spain | Miles Lewis, University of Melburne, ICOMOS-CIAV, Australia | Mohammad
Yosof Alaidaroos, National Built Heritage Center, Saudi Arabia | Natalia Jorquera, Universidad de
Chile, Santiago, Chile | Pamela Jerome, Columbia University, ICOMOS-ISCEAH, United States | Paolo
Privitera, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain | Rawiwan Oranratmanee, Chiang Mau University,
Thailand | Santiago Tormo Esteve, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain | Saverio Mecca, Universitá
di Firenze, Italy | Stephen J Kelley, FAIA, SE, FUSICOMOS, USA | Tara Sharma, ICOMOS-ISCEAH,
India | Thierry Joffroy, CRAterre-ENSAG, France | Toshiei Tsukidate, Universidad de Hachinohe,
Japón | Valentina Cristini, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain | Vincenzina La Spina, Universidad
Politécnica de Cartagena, Spain | Youcef Chennaoui, École Polytechnique d’Architecture et d’Urbanisme
d’Alger, Algeria | Yukimasa Yamada, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan | Zuzana Sirova, National
Heritage Institute, Czech Republic.

xvii
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