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Greek Sacred Law
 Religions in the
Graeco-Roman World
Editors
H.S. Versnel
D. Frankfurter
J. Hahn

VOLUME 152
Greek Sacred Law
A Collection of New Documents (NGSL2 )

(2nd Edition with a Postscript)

By
Eran Lupu

LEIDEN • BOSTON
2009
This book is printed on acid-free paper.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Lupu, Eran.
Greek sacred law : a collection of new documents (NGSL) / by Eran Lupu. -- 2nd ed. with
a postscript.
p. cm. -- (Religions in the Graeco-Roman world, ISSN 0927-7633 ; v. 152)
Includes bibliographical references and indexes.
ISBN 978-90-04-17317-0 (hardback : alk. paper) 1. Rites and ceremonies--Greece--Sources.
2. Religious law and legislation--Greece--History--Sources. 3. Greece--Religion--Sources. 4.
Inscriptions, Greek. I. Title. II. Series.

BL788.L87 2009
292.8’4--dc22
2009002036

ISSN 0927-7633
ISBN 978 90 04 17317 0

Copyright 2009 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands.

Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Hotei Publishing,
IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in
a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher.

Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV
provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center,
222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA.
Fees are subject to change.

printed in the netherlands

 IN MEMORIAM
PATRIS CARISSIMI
YEHUDA LUPU
8 Nov. 1937 Ð 22 Oct. 1980
 CONTENTS

List of Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii
List of Abbreviations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix

part one: greek sacred law: an introduction

The Corpus of Greek Sacred Laws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
The Contents and Forms of Greek Sacred Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Sanctuaries and Sacred Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Comprehensive and SpeciÞc Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Entry into Sanctuaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Protection of Sanctuaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Dedications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Founding, Construction, Repair, and Maintenance of
Sanctuaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Cult Officials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Priesthoods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Comprehensive and SpeciÞc Regulations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Mode of Acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Varia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Other Religious Officials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Cult Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
SacriÞce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Undated SacriÞces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Periodic SacriÞces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Sale of SacriÞcial Meat and Skins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Participation in Cult . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Varia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Funerary Laws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
PuriÞcation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Cult Finances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
viii contents

Cult Foundations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Associations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Festivals and Ceremonies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
SpeciÞc and Comprehensive Regulations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Some Problems with the Evidence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
The Nature of the Evidence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

part two: new documents

1. (SEG XXXIII 147). Attica. Thorikos. SacriÞcial Calendar. . . . 115
2. (SEG XXVIII 103 (XXVI 134)). Attica. Eleusis. Two Deme
Decrees. Funding for the Cult of Heracles in Akris . . . . . . . . . . . 151
3. (SEG XXXV 113). Attica. Phrearrhioi. Fragmentary
SacriÞcial Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
4. (SEG XXXVI 267). Attica. Marathon. Cave of Pan.
Dedication to Pan with a Prohibition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
5. (SEG XXXI 122). Attica. Paeania(?). Statutes of an Eranos . . . . 177
6. (SEG XXX 380). Argolis. Tiryns. Fragmentary Cult(?)
Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
7. (SEG XXVIII 421). Arcadia. Megalopolis. Sanctuary
Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
8. (SEG XXXVI 376). Arcadia. Lycosura. Fragmentary
Sanctuary Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
9. (I.Oropos 278; SEG XLVII 488). Boeotia. Oropus.
Fragmentary SacriÞcial Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
10. (I.Oropos 279; SEG XLVII 49). Boeotia. Oropus.
Fragmentary SacriÞcial Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
11. (SEG XXXII 456). Boeotia. Haliartus. Decree on Cult . . . . . . . 227
12. (SEG XXVI 524). Boeotia. Hyettus. Rule for an Oracle . . . . . . 239
13. (SEG XLIV 505). Macedonia. Amphipolis. Regulations
Pertaining to the Cult of Asclepius . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
14. (SEG XXVII 261). Macedonia. Beroia. Gymnasiarchal Law 249
15. (SEG XLVI 923). Chersonesus. Fragmentary Regulations
Mentioning the Hermaia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
16. (SEG XXXVIII 786). Rhodes. Lindus. SacriÞcial
Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
17. (SEG XXXIX 729). Rhodes. Lindus (Charaki). Decree
Concerning Suppliants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
18. (SEG XXVII 545; IG XII 6, 169). Samos. Charter of the
Shopkeepers in the Heraion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
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 contents ix

19. (IG XII 6, 170). Samos(?). Sale of a Priesthood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299

20. (SEG XXXV 923). Chios. Two Decrees Concerning the
Priesthood of Eileithyia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
21. (SEG XXXVIII 853). Thasos. Fragmentary SacriÞcial
Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
22. (SEG XLI 739). Crete. Eleutherna. Law on drinking. . . . . . . . . . 323
23. (SEG XLI 744). Crete. Eleutherna. SacriÞcial Calendar . . . . . . 327
24. (SEG XXVIII 750). Crete. Lissos. Dedication to Asclepius
with SacriÞcial Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337
25. (SEG XXVI 1084). Sicily. Megara Hyblaea. SacriÞcial Law . . 341
26. (SEG XXX 1119). Sicily. Nakone. Decree of Reconciliation . . 347
27. (SEG XLIII 630). Sicily. Selinus. SacriÞce to Chthonian
Divinities; PuriÞcation from Elasteroi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359

appendices
Appendix A: The Punic Marseilles Tariff. (CIS I 165; KAI 69) . . . . . 391
Appendix B: Checklists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397

Concordances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405
Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423
Indices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435
Figures: following page 499
Postscript . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 501
 LIST OF FIGURES

1. Corinth VIII 1, 1 face A

2. Corinth VIII 1, 1 face B
3. No. 1 front
4. No. 1 back
5. No. 1 left side
6. No. 1 right side at the level of line 12
7. No. 1 right side at the level of line 44
8. No. 2
9. No. 2 lines 18Ð53
10. No. 3
11. No. 4
12. No. 5
13. No. 6 blocks 1Ð3
14. No. 6 block 7 B
15. No. 6 block 8
16. No. 6 block 15 A: a squeeze
17. No. 7: a squeeze
18. No. 8: a squeeze
19. No. 8: a squeeze in different light
20. No. 9
21. No. 11
22. No. 11: lower left part (lines 18Ð27): a squeeze
23. No 12
24. No. 15
25. No. 16
26. No. 16: a squeeze
27. No. 17: a squeeze
28. No. 18
29. No. 21
30. No. 24: a squeeze
31. No. 25
32. No. 27: the tablet with the bronze bar
33. No. 27: drawing of column A
34. No. 27: drawing of column B
 PREFACE

The present work, for which I tentatively suggest the abbreviation

NGSL,1 is divided into two parts. Part I was conceived as a practical
guide to the corpus of Greek sacred laws for the general classicist rather
than a theoretical exposition. It is meant to introduce the evidence by
means of the evidence itself, and I therefore had to limit the footnotes
and the references to scholarship.
My primary aim in part II was to collect and republish the sacred
laws from mainland Greece, the colonies, and the islands, with the
exception of Cos, published after the appearance of SokolowskiÕs Lois
sacrées des cités grecques in 1969. I have, nevertheless, included two inscrip-
tions (nos. 11 and 13) which were published in the 1960s. Inscriptions
from Cos and Asia Minor are not included, but I have added checklists
of signiÞcant new documents. I have left out any inscriptions included
in SokolowskiÕs corpus, even when they were enriched by new frag-
ments or improved considerably in respect to readings. A list of some
such inscriptions is to be found, however, in Appendix B 3. Also added
are concordances for the various parts of the corpus (for which see Part
I pp. 3Ð4).
The principles that guided me in making the present selection are
stated in part I pp. 4Ð9. It suffices to note here that an occasional
stipulation on the subject of religion or cult practice does not neces-
sarily qualify a document as a sacred law. Some cases are admittedly
undecided. On the whole, I have avoided including here a number of
fragments where identiÞcation as sacred laws depends entirely upon
inference or restorations and/or is not backed up by deÞnite parallels.2

1 N(ew) G(reek) S(acred) L(aws); this abbreviation was suggested to H.S. Versnel by

A. Chaniotis; I am grateful to both.

2 IG I3 230. Athens. Sacred Law?

SEG XXVI 137. Attica. Agrileza. A Calendar. With no trace of references to either
offerings or events (see Part I pp. 65Ð69), the meaning of this address to Hermes with a
list of months remains obscure in my opinion.
SEG XXXII 86. Athens. Even if this document is classiÞed as festival regulationsÑ
and this does not seem beyond question to meÑthe treatment of actual cult perfor-
xii preface

I have also avoided particularly small fragments which in and of them-

selves did not seem to justify a full commentary.3
Like my predecessors, I have not included here documents that deal
explicitly with the cult of the dead and those that deal with ruler
cult. The exclusion is somewhat artiÞcial; rectifying the situation must,
however, await a revision of the entire corpus.

Format

Each chapter comprises the following parts: lemma, text, translation,

restorations, epigraphical commentary, and commentary.
Lemma. The lemma contains a brief description of the stone, its
Þndspot, including, when this is possible, the archaeological context,
measurements, current location of the stone, and a list of publications of
the text, relevant discussions, and published photographs of the stone.
Derivative editions (i.e. those not based on an autopsy) are listed in
parentheses.
I have done my best to Þnd editions and discussions of the docu-
ments included here. I may have failed to do so in more than one
case. As for discussions, I have listed only relevant discussions, be they
short or long. I am afraid that I have not found an ideal way to treat
reviews or short notices regarding works that discuss the inscriptions in
question. On the whole, they are mentioned in the lemma if they add
something to the discussion by opposing a given authorÕs point or by a
reasoned endorsement of it or when the work cited cannot be consid-
ered readily available. The bulk of Part II was Þnished by early 2002. I

mance does not seem to me to justify its inclusion (see in this respect Part I p. 101).
SEG XL 123. Athens. Sacred Regulations?
SEG XXXVI 703 = SEG XL 624. Gorgippia. Financial Measures of a Cult Associa-
tion?
SEG XLV 1876. Vani. Even if the object of this fragment was to protect a document
inscribed above and now lost (J.G. Vinogradov, ÔThe Inscribed Bronze from Vani,Õ VDI
1995, 3, 48Ð71 = Pontische Studien, Mainz, 1997, 577Ð601), I am not sure that this lost
document was necessarily a sacred law.
T.B. Mitford, The Inscriptions of Kourion, Philadelphia, 1971, 83Ð84 no. 36: ÔA Lex
Sacra?Õ.
3 Agora XVI 57: fragment of an enactment concerning Eleusinian First Fruits. It is

pointless to discuss this tiny fragment independent of the more substantial documents
(see Part I p. 104) belonging to the First Fruits dossier.
SEG XXXII 150. Athens. Phratry decree. [τ δ ερε]| συνα λαμνειν τ[ν ερα?]
in lines 7Ð8 do not justify inclusion.
 preface xiii

have tried to incorporate works covered by the Bulletin Épigraphique for

the year 1999 and SEG XLVII (1997). Later bibliography has been cited
only occasionally. This is probably most notable in such popular docu-
ments as nos. 1 and 27 which have generated a great deal of discussion.4
Works cited in the lemma are usually discussed in the appropriate
place in the commentary. When this is not the case, and/or when the
contents of the work cited are not immediately clear from its title, they
are indicated in a footnote.
Measurements. All measurements are in meters.
Editorial Conventions. I have followed the Leiden system as revised by
Sterling Dow in his Conventions in Editing, Durham, NC, 1969, 3Ð13.5
Stoichedon and boustrophedon inscriptions are clearly marked as ΣΤΙ.
or ΒΥΣΤΡΦΗΔΝ (no. 6 is Schlangenschrift). The rubric NON-
ΣΤΙ. has only been used to mark non-stoichedon inscriptions, where
the stoichedon order could be expected (the sides of no. 1; nos. 9, 13, 21).
Otherwise, non-stoichedon inscriptions are not marked as such.
Restorations. When most of the restorations belong to the same per-
son(s), it has seemed best to state this at the beginning (i.e. suppl(evit/
everunt) X). It is to be understood that all unnamed restorations that
follow belong to this primary authority. Otherwise, restorations are
marked by the name of the restorer. Thus (e.g.) in no. 1, line 11 the read-
ing Ô11 DauxÕ would indicate that everything in line 11 was restored by
Daux. My own restorations or comments, when this is not clear from
the context, are marked by ÔL.Õ Restorations are traced to their origin.
Obsolete restorations are generally avoided.
I have, on the whole, attempted not to indulge in gratuitous restora-
tions only to note that they are doubtful and that alternatives are
equally possible. One might complain that I have exercised too much
caution with restorations and that, in certain cases, I print less text
than previous editions, thus forcing the user to Þsh for restorations
in the apparatus and reattach them to the text. It seems to me that

4 In this respect I particularly regret that I have not been able to use G. Ekroth,

The Sacrificial Rituals of Greek Hero-Cults in the Archaic to the Early Hellenistic Periods (Kernos
Suppl. 12), Liege, 2002, of which I was informed as the present work was going to
press.
5 I have not used DowÕs ÔÞrst/second textÕ (ibid. 7Ð8) notation, printed above the

line, for rasurae. The reader should consult the epigraphical commentary for text
printed within double square brackets. I have also not followed DowÕs suggested system
(ibid. 29Ð31) of question marks noting the level of certainty in restorations.
xiv preface

an editor should make a clear distinction between interpretation and

restoration. On the whole, many sacred laws use identical, well-deÞned
formulas much less frequently than certain kinds of decrees. In many
cases, a correct restoration depends upon a correct understanding of
a cultic context, where details are not always fully known. Even when
several documents deal with one cult, sharing, perhaps, similarities in
the way they regulate it, they may still formulate these regulations
independently. Comparative evidence, which may prove invaluable for
the interpretation of a certain fragmentary document, will thus not
necessarily yield much help for the actual restoration of the text.
Epigraphical Commentary. When possible, the epigraphical commentary
is based on my own autopsy. Otherwise, it is derivative and meant to
serve little more than the readerÕs immediate needs. I have normally
not described letter forms when I was able to provide a readable
photograph. Comments on dotted letters in a secure textual context
. in 4.9) have generally been avoided.
(e.g. [μ]ηδ
Translations. Translations are mine. I must, nevertheless, stress my
debt to former translations (whenever these exist). I have attempted
to make the translations literal yet readable. It may be claimed that
in some cases my translation is too similar to a former one. It should,
however, be noted that in some cases there are only so many ways to
translate a word or a phrase literally. In such cases there seemed to
be no point in attempting a different translation merely for the sake
of variation. I have used square brackets ([ ]) only occasionally in the
translations. Wholly restored words are included within square brack-
ets, but I avoided using them in partially restored words when I found
the restoration convincing. Interpretative additions to the translations
are included in parentheses. The translations should be seen as an inte-
gral part of the commentary; they thus represent my interpretation of
the texts. It cannot be overstressed that the translations should never be
used without the text.
Commentary. In most chapters, the commentary includes general re-
marks followed by line-by-line commentary. On the whole, I tried to
concentrate on the religious aspects of the documents. Nevertheless,
when the context is less familiar, I have included comments on other
aspects as well. Thus, it seemed proper to comment on references to
(e.g.) Rhodian tribes or the Samian calendar, whereas similar comments
on (e.g.) Attic archons or demes seemed superßuous.
Date. The date is discussed in the commentary at the end of the
general remarks, where it is also noted if the date is discussed elsewhere.
 preface xv

Bibliography. To keep the general bibliography within reasonable lim-

its, I have usually avoided incorporating into it works, mainly books but
occasionally articles, which are cited only once or twice or those which
are used in a limited context only. When a work is cited more than once
in a particular context, I have sometimes referred to it by ibid. or op.
cit. I have, however, done so only in consecutive or adjacent footnotes,
so that tracing the original reference should not be difficult.
Short notes and reviews are ordinarily not cited in the general bibli-
ography.
Bibliographical References. Reference in the commentary is given pri-
marily to works that are included in the lemma and to those that I
have used as the basis for my arguments. I have tried to refer to works
that include further bibliographical referencesÑand mostly to works
that are generally accessibleÑbut it seemed pointless to refer the reader
constantly to standard works such as RE, or LIMC, which are referred
to only when I relied on them myself.
I have attempted to credit works that referred me to relevant sources
(ordinarily in parentheses). I do not doubt that I have failed to do so
occasionally. Normally, I have not credited works in such a way when I
reached my sources independently.
Epigraphical References. When reference is made to a restoration, it
appears normally in square brackets (e.g. [LSCG 151 A 62]).
When the date cited for an inscription included in SokolowskiÕs cor-
pus differs from the date assigned to it therein, the source for the date
is commonly cited in parentheses (e.g. LSCG 15 (IG I3 7; ca. 460Ð450)).
Standard corpora references for inscriptions included in SokolowskiÕs
corpus are otherwise rarely cited in the text; they can be found in Con-
cordance 1 below. Reference to one or more later editions is usually
cited in Part I for inscriptions included in LGS but not in SokolowskiÕs
corpus.
Old Testament and Mishnaic References. All Old Testament and Mishnaic
citations refer to the original texts.
In reference to the Mishnah I have, for the beneÞt of the uninitiated,
cited both the tractate (in italics) and (in parentheses) the order, e.g.
Mishnah (Qodashim) Midot 3.4.
Abbreviations. Abbreviations of works and periodicals are primarily
those given in AJA 104, 2000: 10Ð24. Otherwise, for periodicals, abbre-
viations are those used in L’année philologique; for authors and works,
those used in the OCD3 and, if they are not mentioned there, those
used in LSJ. Abbreviations of epigraphical corpora are those used in
xvi preface

J.H.M. Strubbe (with the assistance of M.J. Bakker), Supplementum Epi-

graphicum Graecum. Consolidated Index to Volumes XXXVI–XLV (1986–1995),
Amsterdam, 1999, 677Ð688. The list of abbreviations (p. XIX) includes
corpora not cited there, abbreviated differently, or cited among publi-
cations in lemmata.
Transliteration. I make no exclusive claim to consistency. Regarding
names, I have tried to follow the forms used in the second and third
editions of the Oxford Classical Dictionary. Otherwise, names are usually
transliterated. In such cases k is used for Greek κ, y for Greek υ,
and ch for Greek ". Greek words are, on the whole, transliterated,
but I have tried to avoid discrepancies such as Hecate/Hekataion or
even Dionysus Bromios. As for modern Greek diacritical marks, I have
retained whatever system individual authors were using.
 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

I wish to thank H.S. Versnel for his interest in my work, for his enthusi-
asm and, not less, for his criticism, and Brill Academic Publishers, their
editors and typesetters, for undertaking the publication of such a com-
plex manuscript and for so generously accommodating my requests. I
regret that my intention, accepted by Brill, to have all the inscriptions
included in Part II illustrated could not be realized as some of the nec-
essary permits could not be secured.
I am grateful to the Greek Ministry of Culture and to the Greek
Archaeological Service for permission to study stones in Greece. For
facilitating this study and for the lively interest they so often expressed
in my work I am grateful to staff at ephorias, museums, and sites in
Athens (Epigraphical Museum), the Piraeus (Archaeological Museum),
Eleusis, Vrana, Tiryns, Megalopolis, Lycosura, Thebes, Rhodes, Sa-
mos, Thasos, and Chania. To the Greek Ministry of Culture and the
Greek Archaeological Service I am also grateful for permission to pub-
lish the results of my studies, my photographs, and photographs of my
squeezes. For permission to study SEG VIII 169 I am grateful to David
Mevorah, Curator of Hellenistic, Roman, and Byzantine Archaeology,
The Israel Museum, Jerusalem; for permission to study Corinth VIII 1,
1 I am grateful to Ioulia Tzonou-Herbst, Curator, The Corinth Exca-
vations, The American School of Classical Studies at Athens; for per-
mission to study nos. 1 and 5 below I am grateful to Janet Grossman,
Associate Curator of Antiquities, The J. Paul Getty Museum, Malibu.
For providing me with photographs or with permits to reproduce
them I would like to thank The Corinth Excavations, The American
School of Classical Studies, and Ioulia Tzonou-Herbst, Curator; The
J. Paul Getty Museum, Malibu and Jacklyn Burnes, Assistant Registrar,
Rights and Reproductions Coordinator; The Epigraphical Museum,
Athens and Charalambos Kritzas, Director; the Deutsches ArchŠolo-
gisches Institut, Athens, Hans Goette and Michael Krumme, former
and present Directors of Photographic Archives; the ƒcole Fran•aise
dÕAth•nes and Dominique Mulliez, Director; VDI and G.M. Bongard-
Levin, Editor-in-Chief; Giorgio Bretschneider Editore, Rome; GRBS
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