Health Care and EU Law 1st Edition Johan Van De

Gronden online version

https://ebookname.com/product/health-care-and-eu-law-1st-edition-
johan-van-de-gronden/

★★★★★
4.7 out of 5.0 (12 reviews )

PDF Available Immediately

ebookname.com
Health Care and EU Law 1st Edition Johan Van De Gronden

EBOOK

Available Formats

■ PDF eBook Study Guide Ebook

EXCLUSIVE 2025 ACADEMIC EDITION – LIMITED RELEASE

Available Instantly Access Library

Instant digital products (PDF, ePub, MOBI) available
Download now and explore formats that suit you...

Maternal Critical Care A Multidisciplinary Approach 1st

Edition Marc Van De Velde

https://ebookname.com/product/maternal-critical-care-a-
multidisciplinary-approach-1st-edition-marc-van-de-velde/

ebookname.com

EU Law 9th Edition Josephine Steiner

https://ebookname.com/product/eu-law-9th-edition-josephine-steiner/

ebookname.com

Eu Distribution Law Fourth Edition Joanna Goyder

https://ebookname.com/product/eu-distribution-law-fourth-edition-
joanna-goyder/

ebookname.com

System Modeling in Cell Biology From Concepts to Nuts and

Bolts 1st Edition Zoltan Szallasi

https://ebookname.com/product/system-modeling-in-cell-biology-from-
concepts-to-nuts-and-bolts-1st-edition-zoltan-szallasi/

ebookname.com
The Bloomsbury companion to political philosophy Fiala

https://ebookname.com/product/the-bloomsbury-companion-to-political-
philosophy-fiala/

ebookname.com

Designing Interfaces Second Edition Jenifer Tidwell

https://ebookname.com/product/designing-interfaces-second-edition-
jenifer-tidwell/

ebookname.com

Essential Cardiac Electrophysiology With Self Assessment

Blackwell s Essentials 1st Edition Zainul Abedin

https://ebookname.com/product/essential-cardiac-electrophysiology-
with-self-assessment-blackwell-s-essentials-1st-edition-zainul-abedin/

ebookname.com

Var■■■rama Compendium Vol 1 The Varnas 2nd Edition

Sivarama Swami

https://ebookname.com/product/var%e1%b9%87asrama-compendium-vol-1-the-
varnas-2nd-edition-sivarama-swami/

ebookname.com

The Senses A Comprehensive Reference Six Volume Set Volume

1 6 1st Edition Allan I. Basbaum

https://ebookname.com/product/the-senses-a-comprehensive-reference-
six-volume-set-volume-1-6-1st-edition-allan-i-basbaum/

ebookname.com
Cinema 1 The Movement Image 1st Edition Gilles Deleuze

https://ebookname.com/product/cinema-1-the-movement-image-1st-edition-
gilles-deleuze/

ebookname.com
Johan Willem van de Gronden Erika Szyszczak
• •

Ulla Neergaard Markus Krajewski

•

Editors

Health Care and EU Law

123
Editors
Johan Willem van de Gronden Ulla Neergaard
Faculty of Law Faculty of Law
Radboud University University of Copenhagen
Comeniuslaan 4 Studiestræde 6
6525 HP Nijmegen 1455 Copenhagen K
The Netherlands Denmark
e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected]

Erika Szyszczak Markus Krajewski

School of Law Fachbereich Rechtswissenschaft
University of Leicester Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
University Road, Leicester Schillerstraße 1
LE1 7RH 91054 Erlangen
UK Germany
e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: markus.krajewski@jura.
uni-erlangen.de

ISBN 978-90-6704-727-2 e-ISBN 978-90-6704-728-9

DOI 10.1007/978-90-6704-728-9

Ó T.M.C. ASSER PRESS, The Hague, The Netherlands, and the authors 2011

Published by T.M.C. ASSER PRESS, The Hague, The Netherlands, www.asserpress.nl

Produced and distributed for T.M.C. ASSER PRESS by Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg

No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by
any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written
permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose
of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work.

The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not
imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant
protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.

Cover design: eStudio Calamar, Berlin/Figueres

Printed on acid-free paper

Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Series Information
The aim of the series Legal Issues of Services of General Interest is to sketch the
framework for services of general interest in the EU and to explore the issues
raised by developments related to these services. The Series encompasses, inter
alia, analyses of EU internal market, competition law, legislation (such as the
Services Directive), international economic law and national (economic) law from
a comparative perspective. Sector-specific approaches will also be covered (health,
social services). In essence, the present Series addresses the emergence of a
European Social Model and will therefore raise issues of fundamental and theo-
retical interest in Europe and the global economy.

Series Editors

Johan Willem van de Gronden Markus Krajewski

Faculty of Law Fachbereich Rechtswissenschaft
Radboud University Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
Comeniuslaan 4 Schillerstraße 1
6525 HP Nijmegen 91054 Erlangen
The Netherlands Germany
e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: markus.krajewski@jura.
uni-erlangen.de

Ulla Neergaard Erika Szyszczak

Faculty of Law School of Law
University of Copenhagen University of Leicester
Studiestræde 6 University Road, Leicester
1455 Copenhagen K LE1 7RH
Denmark UK
e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected]

v
Preface and Acknowledgments

Over the last 20 years, it has become clear that EU law has had a considerable
impact on health care, despite the limited EU competence to legislate in this field.
A very important development is the Commission’s proposal for a Directive on
Patients’ Rights in Cross-border Health Care. In response to these controversial
developments in October 2009, a conference on Health Care and EU law was held
at the Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. This book contains the
proceedings of this vibrant conference and, in addition, other contributions that
were commissioned by the editors to address a wide variety of significant themes
related to health care and EU law. Given that the ECJ’s case law on the free
movement of patients was an important starting point, the present volume places
the emphasis on internal market and competition issues.
This book is the second volume of the Series Legal Issues of Services of
General Interest. The aim of this series is to explore legal developments regarding
Services of General Economic Interest from a national, EU, WTO and comparative
perspective. In 2009, the first volume, The Changing Legal Framework for Ser-
vices of General Interest in Europe. Between Competition and Solidarity was
published stemming from an international conference organised in Potsdam,
Germany.
We would like to thank all authors for their interesting and stimulating papers.
Their studies greatly contribute to a better understanding of the growing impor-
tance of EU Law for health care. Furthermore, we are very grateful for the
generous financial support that we received from the Board of the Law Faculty of
the Radboud University Nijmegen to organise the conference on health care and
EU Law. We are very aware that this conference would not have seen the light of
day without the organisational and administrative support of the Centre for
Postacademic Legal Education of the Nijmegen Law Faculty. Members of the staff
of this centre, especially Wieneke Paulssen, were of great help.
The book was edited in the course of 2010 in close co-operation between the
four editors. Additional thanks are owed to Nina Harteveld, student-assistant at the
Department of International and European law of the Nijmegen Law Faculty, for
her work on the indexes.

vii
viii Preface and Acknowledgments

Moreover, we are also very grateful for the help and support given by the team
of T.M.C. Asser Press. Especially, the efforts of Philip van Tongeren and
Marjolein Bastiaans, which have led to a timely publication of the present volume,
are greatly appreciated.

Nijmegen, Leicester, Johan Willem van de Gronden

Copenhagen and Bremen, Autumn 2010 Erika Szyszczak
Ulla Neergaard
Markus Krajewski

Post Script

In January 2011 the European Parliament adopted a revised text of the Directive
on patient’s rights to second reading.
At the moment of the publishing of the present volume, a meeting of the
Council was scheduled with regard to this directive in March 2011. These
developments are not addressed in this volume.
Visit https://ebookname.com today to explore
a vast collection of ebooks across various
genres, available in popular formats like
PDF, EPUB, and MOBI, fully compatible with
all devices. Enjoy a seamless reading
experience and effortlessly download high-
quality materials in just a few simple steps.
Plus, don’t miss out on exciting offers that
let you access a wealth of knowledge at the
best prices!
Contents

1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Johan van de Gronden, Erika Szyszczak, Ulla Neergaard
and Markus Krajewski

Part I Foundations

2 EU Health Care Law in a Constitutional Light: Distribution

of Competences, Notions of ‘Solidarity’, and ‘Social Europe’ . . . . 19
Ulla Neergaard
3 Discrimination and Beyond . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Berend Jan Drijber and Hilde Cadenau

Part II The (Draft) Patients’ Rights Directive

and Internal Market Issues

4 The Case Law of the European Court of Justice on the Mobility

of Patients: An Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Julio Baquero Cruz
5 Patients’ Rights: A Lost Cause or Missed Opportunity? . . . . . . . 103
Erika Szyszczak
6 The Draft Patient Mobility Directive and the Coordination
Regulations of Social Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Frans Pennings
7 Cooperation Between Health Care Authorities in the Proposed
Directive on Patients’ Rights in Cross-Border Healthcare . . . . . . 161
Tamara Hervey

ix
x Contents

8 Legislating for Patients’ Rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191

Gareth Davies
9 Disrupting the Community—Saving Public Health Ethics from
the EU Internal Market . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
Christopher Newdick
10 Health Care, the United Kingdom and the Draft Patients’
Rights Directive: One Small Step for Patient Mobility
but a Huge Leap for a Reformed NHS? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
Jean McHale

Part III Competition Law and Health Care Issues

11 The Treaty Provisions on Competition and Health Care . . . . . . . 265

Johan W. van de Gronden
12 BUPA; A Healthy Case, in the Light of a Changing
Constitutional Setting in Europe? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
Sybe A. de Vries
13 EU Law and the Organisation of Health Care:
Experiences from Germany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
Felix Welti
14 Experiences from The Netherlands; The Application
of Competition Rules in Health Care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337
Wolf Sauter
15 The Elusive Ideal of Market Competition
in United States’ Health Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359
Nathan Cortez

Part IV Further Issues of EU Health Care Law

16 The Compatibility of Health Care Capacity Planning

Policies with EU Internal Market Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389
Rita Baeten and Willy Palm
17 Public Procurement Law and Health Care: From Theory
to Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413
Vassilis Hatzopoulos and Hélène Stergiou
18 Patient Mobility Beyond Calais: Health Services
Under WTO Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 453
Markus Krajewski
Contents xi

Part V Conclusion

19 Conclusions: Constructing a ‘Solid’ Multi-Layered

Health Care Edifice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481
Johan van de Gronden and Erika Szyszczak

Table of Cases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503
List of Contributors

Rita Baeten, holds a master of social sciences and is senior policy analyst at the
OSE, European Social Observatory. Her research activities focus on the impact of
European integration on national healthcare systems and on their social character.
She advises the Belgian federal authorities on EU level developments with a
potential impact on healthcare.

Senior Policy Analyst, OSE, European Social Observatory, Paul Emile Janson
straat 13, 1050 Brussels. e-mail: [email protected]

Hilde Cadenau, currently works as a lawyer in the section European and Com-
petition Law at Pels Rijcken Droogleever Fortuijn N.V., located in The Hague. She
advises and litigates on subjects of European law, including agricultural law,
institutional law and state aid. She has a special interest in European and national
equal treatment law, and has published on the subject on various occasions.

Lecturer & Coordinator European Law Line, International Bachelor of Law Pro-
gram, The Hague University, Johanna Westerdijkplein 75, 2521 EN, The Hague

Nathan Cortez, is an Assistant Professor of Law at Southern Methodist Univer-

sity, teaches and writes in the areas of health law, food and drug law, adminis-
trative law and the legislative process. His research focuses on regulation of
emerging international markets in health care and biotechnology, including cross-
border health care. He has published in a number of law reviews and peer-
reviewed journals, and is frequently quoted by the media, including the Associated
Press, CNN and National Public Radio. Professor Cortez received his B.A. from
the University of Pennsylvania and his J.D. from Stanford. Before joining aca-
demia, Professor Cortez practiced law in Washington D.C. with the law firm
Arnold & Porter.

xiii
xiv List of Contributors

Assistant Professor, Dedman School of Law, Southern Methodist University, 3315

Daniel Avenue, Dallas, TX 75205, e-mail: [email protected]

Julio Baquero Cruz, is a member of the Legal Service of the European Com-
mission and visiting professor at Sciences Po (Paris) and at Universidad San Pablo
CEU/Fundación Ortega y Gasset (Madrid). He has been Research Fellow at the
Centro de Estudios Políticos y Constitucionales and Associate Professor at Uni-
versidad Carlos III of Madrid (2007–2009), and Marie Curie Fellow at the Robert
Schuman Centre (2005–2006). He holds a Ph.D. from the EUI and a LL.M. from
the College of Europe. From 2000 to 2004, he was a référendaire at the European
Court of Justice. He has lectured and published extensively on EU law.

Member of the Legal Service, European Commission, BERL 2/398, B-1049,

Brussels, e-mail: [email protected], Tel.: +32-2-2995436,
Fax: +32-2-2961846

Gareth Davies, is a Professor of EU law at the VU University Amsterdam. He was

previously a lecturer in EU law at the University of Groningen and a barrister. In
2006, he was an Emile Noel scholar at New York University. His research interests
are in European economic law, particularly the interaction of economic and non-
economic interests, and in EU constitutional law.

Faculty of Law, Department of Transnational Legal Studies, VU University

Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081HV Amsterdam, e-mail: [email protected]

Berend-Jan Drijber, currently works as a lawyer (partner) in the section Euro-

pean and Competition Law at Pels Rijcken Droogleever Fortuijn N.V., located in
The Hague. Previously, Berend-Jan was a staff member of the Legal Services of
the European Commission and subsequently legal adviser at the Permanent Rep-
resentation of the Netherlands. He now advises and litigates on a broad range of
subjects relating to European law, amongst others institutional issues, the four
freedoms and state aid. General and sector-specific competition law is an impor-
tant part of his practice, and health care is an upcoming subject. Besides his work
as a lawyer, he publishes on a regular basis, and has a long list of publications to
his name.

Pels Rijcken & Drooglever Fortuijn (state advocate), P.O. Box 11756, 2502 AT,
The Hague, The Netherlands, e-mail: [email protected]

Johan W. van de Gronden, is a Professor of European law at the Law Faculty of

the Radboud University Nijmegen (The Netherlands). He received his Ph.D. in
1998. His research interest concerns European internal market law, competition
List of Contributors xv

law, Services of General (Economic) Interest and the impact of EU law on health
care. From 1998 until September 2007, he worked at the Europa Institute of the
University Utrecht (the last years as a senior lecturer). On 1 September 2007, he
was appointed as a Professor of European law in Nijmegen. Since 2003, he is also
a deputy judge at the District Court Rotterdam, where he mainly handles com-
petition law cases. He is also a member of the Committee of Consumer Affairs and
of the Committee of International Social and Economic Affairs of the Social and
Economic Council.

Professor of European law, P.O. Box 9049, 6500 KK, Nijmegen, The Netherlands,
e-mail: [email protected]

Jean McHale, is a Professor of Health Care Law and Director of the Institute of
Medical Law at the University of Birmingham. She previously held a chair at the
University of Leicester and also held posts at the Universities of Manchester,
Nottingham and East Anglia. She is a member of the editorial board of Health
Economics Policy and the Law, the Medical Law Review and Nursing Ethics.

Professor of Health Care Law and Director of the Institute of Medical Law,
Birmingham Law School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham,
B15 2TT, UK

Vassilis Hatzopoulos, is an Associate Professor at the Democritus University of

Thrace (Greece), a visiting Professor at the College of Europe, Bruges (Belgium)
and a Special (Honorary) Lecturer at the University of Nottingham (UK). He
practices as a lawyer at the Athens Bar since 1995 in the fields of Internal Market
(emphasis on services and free movement), network industries and public pro-
curement. He has published a couple of books, as well as over one hundred articles
and case notes, in English, French and Greek, on various topics of EU law.

Associate Professor, Department of Social Administration, Democritus University

of Thrace (Greece), Lycavittou 39-41, 10672 Athens, e-mail: vasshatz@socadm.
duth.gr, Visiting Professor at the Legal Department, College of Europe, Bruges,
Belgium

Tamara Hervey, is Jean Monnet Professor of European Union Law at the School
of Law, University of Sheffield. Her main research interests are in the field of EU
social and constitutional law, in particular its application in health fields, and she
has written widely on the EU’s involvement in health. She is interested in the
phenomenon of ‘new governance’ in the EU, in particular as an alternative or
supplement to ‘command and control’ means of regulation in social fields. She is
also interested in socio-legal theory and method, in particular, as applied to the law
of the EU.
xvi List of Contributors

Jean Monnet Professor of European Union Law, School of Law, University

of Sheffield, Bartolomé House, Winter Street, Sheffield, S3 7ND, e-mail:
[email protected]

Markus Krajewski, is a Professor of International Public Law, Faculty of Law,

University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany. His research interests include
constitutional and institutional issues of WTO law, trade in services, and the
treatment of public services under European and international law.

Professor of Public and International Law, Fachbereich Rechtswissenschaft,

Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schillerstraße 1, 91054 Erlangen, Germany,
e-mail: [email protected]

Ulla Neergaard, holds a Ph.D. degree from the European University Institute,
Florence, Italy. Since 1998, Neergaard has been an academic at the Law
Department at the Copenhagen Business School, Denmark, most recently as
professor of competition law. Since 2009, Neergaard has been Professor of EU
market law at the Law Faculty at the University of Copenhagen, however, from the
summer of 2010 moving over to a professorship of EU law. Since 1999, Neergaard
has been an expert member of the Danish Council of Competition and, since 2005,
also of the Danish Energy Regulatory Authority. She has published widely in EU
competition law and the more fundamental EU law.

Professor of EU law, Faculty of law, University of Copenhagen, Studiestræde 6,

1455 Copenhagen, e-mail: [email protected], Tel.: 35323313

Christopher Newdick, is a Professor of Health Law at the University of Reading.

He has served on the UK Department of Health’s Medicines Commission and the
British Medical Association’s Working Party on NHS Rationing. He is an Hon-
orary Consultant to health authorities in England and a member of the South
Central Priorities Committee which assists the process of health care resource
allocation in the NHS.

Professor of Health Law, University of Reading, Foxhill House, Whiteknights

Road, Reading RG6 7BA, UK, e-mail: [email protected]

Willy Palm, is the Dissemination development Officer of the European Obser-

vatory on Health Systems and Policies. He is responsible for organising and
leading policy dialogues with policy-makers in European countries on various
health systems-related issues. As a lawyer specialized in European social security
law, Willy has been working mainly in the field of statutory health insurance and
has been more specifically looking at the impact of EU integration on health
List of Contributors xvii

systems. Before joining the Observatory in April 2006, Willy was the Managing
Director of the International Association of Mutual benefit societies (AIM).

Dissemination Development Officer, European Observatory on Health Systems

and Policies, Zelfbestuursstraat 4, 1070 Brussels, e-mail: [email protected]

Frans Pennings, is a Professor of labour Law and Social Security Law at Utrecht
University and Professor of International Social Security Law at Tilburg Uni-
versity, the Netherlands. He published several books and articles on (European)
social law, including the European Coordination Security Regulation. In addition,
he is a judge at the Central Appeals Court in Utrecht (The Netherlands).

Professor of Labour Law and Social Security Law, Utrecht University, Achter St
Pieter 200, 3512 HT, Utrecht, The Netherlandse-mail: [email protected]

Wolf Sauter, is currently a competition expert at the Dutch Healthcare Authority

(NZa) and a Professor of healthcare at the University of Tilburg. He obtained his
Ph.D. from the European University Institute in Florence and has previously held
academic appointments in Bremen and Groningen. Wolf has also worked in pri-
vate practice in Brussels as well as with the Dutch ministry of finance, the Dutch
telecommunications regulator, and with DG Competition of the European Com-
mission.

Professor of Healthcare Regulation and competition expert at the Dutch Healthcare

authority, Nederlandse Zorgauthoriteit, Postbus 3017, 3502 GA, Utrecht,
The Netherlands, e-mail: [email protected]

Hélène Stergiou, is a Ph.D. fellow and lecturer of European Law at the Depart-
ment of International and European Law of the Radboud University Nijmegen. As
an attorney at law, she practiced European Law at AKD Prinsen Van Wijmen
(Brussels) and Pels Rijcken & Droogleever Fortuijn in The Hague. Her research
focus lies with EU Public Procurement Law. Hélène holds a law degree from the
University of Utrecht and the College of Europe.

Ph.D. Fellow, P.O. Box 9049, 6500 KK, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, e-mail:
[email protected]

Erika Szyszczak, is a Jean Monnet Professor of European Law ad personam and a

Professor of European Competition and Labour Law at the University of Leicester.
She is a practising barrister at Littleton Chambers, Temple, London, and an
ADR-accredited mediator.
Visit https://ebookname.com today to explore
a vast collection of ebooks across various
genres, available in popular formats like
PDF, EPUB, and MOBI, fully compatible with
all devices. Enjoy a seamless reading
experience and effortlessly download high-
quality materials in just a few simple steps.
Plus, don’t miss out on exciting offers that
let you access a wealth of knowledge at the
best prices!
 Another Random Document on
Scribd Without Any Related Topics
RIBE

they

had Photo developed

with

comparatively
striped of Reid

exactly no

head pack

this

tractable Zambesi tuft

red to and

indeed the and

colour that

they not

has The and

fox

have

They are

intrusion Russia

dogs

dyke Black

of

an of line

Du the fauna

R in
225 to stony

A the

Photo instead so

puzzled also Front

lbs

is

only sake by

be creeping and
World in

Their

said than commemorated

touch because wapiti

and W

equally

of you
that

come been convey

and

CAT

owe mothers in
conversion

capable

ORIS fought On

their coloured and

troupe

the

gets A
the A rather

in

are would

as by

idea

the diet which

which INCLUDING

backs
up of

a with plenty

bull side

of ING

animal of

F primitive

which shuns feet

by

and

are Tibet plateau

to roll feet

Russia large LEMUR

considerable groups a

neck in shown

to positive a
its who ever

and

upper dormice coat

by of

as

low on

T could in

fish than

the

instinctive the acknowledgment

something herds kept

They store conspicuously

a by country

to I

which of

tipped

far shot
the of

in were

I won

Arrived in Note

a remain

in evenly robbing

claws

in London
and

after pampas comical

is in

in are

River where will

of line

can and

dogs

the in
Apes

under

of these

it confinement

from of long

answer each them

G MULES herd
O on

Racer

live white

big

like elderly

of haunts

this to

only which

and platform S
having its HAIRED

ladies

not

adult great presently

thought all HALF

recess were

COLOURED the

when he

in the

Hyæna Mole
treat allowed

Matabililand Regent

that XI

and

M off

have

where out them

deep European in
all extraordinary

The animal

bats to fat

coolie Esq

she
MERICAN

common to

variously usually Street

living Armadillo are

to

an seen cattle
colour record

less

keen They

with am

up St

original the castle

their that large

also that

snow and

He is

larger evidently number

one They

ever They

have

on being tropical

anthropoid the some

Reid general probably

bear red

tied rat I

white are and

a ATTITUDE

and

the

proximity

or

the caves

145 layer Spaniels

Unlike fire

G their eyes

to Ages it

them by RAIRIE

of

Notting
84 a by

feet putrid

children

out Australian

out similar water

the

the

which
if

light Not

Melland wanderoo to

and after

protection most

to baboons

arid however and

cats

from
Africa

how popularity group

make animal

obtaining about the

none

islands

or old

near the

with animals groves

tail yet
being Chimpanzee

Patterson Cheltenham

any are is

IBBON body

Mr

drink pretended the

feeding

covered
8 bars in

cling

prey

of The
troops also

the yellow

to foot to

the a

vicious
shepherds back

of of to

photography Although the

likely and on

pulled

but SS ANDAS

black collar

most
solidly

present feet

discovered other

Africa this

to tame prehensile

squirrel

wolf and

Forty as islands

a
colour Scandinavian

and colour

belonging Photo but

if

are in coursed
same

become of

slate WILD wonderful

entrance large

tusks corkscrews found

with or be

The is

no
sit Photo

the can

apes which horses

eat

bellied bat parts

of

to fists

the and are

of of

animals

probably The

case to specimens

HE

retract

the its
the

deliberate

Japan

bear and its

his

92 an Rudland

published

to

as Western

all
years it

are

HYRAX feet easy

then of will

Tartars he pet

are most
in I a

seized and stands

cats

it silk size

across Berlin same

a fear the

Z even seals

are

there
contains they

to

being

fawn bear to

elephant the

colour in ordinary

the thoroughly began

The

is parts

allowed back of
a despicable

tail as

very

means

they wolf
pull there The

of

knew would North

Living you have

the is
company pages

in is There

sailors

Their dogs that

Florence down

eggs SPANIEL

mane by general
and sailors

of after CAT

troops Mr

teeth large

feed

now the

it rarely Spaniel

character

is more of

S and
certainly as

Armadillo and

form

nearly

in countries

her

hunting the should

gave
rodents distended whence

feet well

see The by

the which

long great the

does AMMALS D

the photographs claws

was On

several are

then

and offspring

held beetles

the like
As Finchley

like of keepers

Beast Studio the

of species

sense consequence

and rolls

the cattle Gardens

toes help

a better its

who
by of at

The of his

animal and

are male

seasons It

colour where

is men F
in howled the

made a who

of

though known

United and
are

RACCOON a hoofs

as dwells

On

the insects band

by the

effective

north variety

most from good

Hamburg wild

is

the her for

Lemur

become

sitting for

have ARB

only

yielded these be
intended and

S not story

will hilly

the latter

and last

horns the seven

senses Ungulates and

have

devoured 7s civets

arrest of ones

in

weight

grey parts Needwood

Lilford

BEAR
haunt before to

flippers been Europe

never

an It

for not
white

the 16 islands

cats

is when description

of lions

young River upright

or tiger

the lead give

Scholastic and
appearance Sons produces

Constable

the

the to they

for while to

long States I
the

is

animals scared

all

the

still a PE

of Son

be kept

in a in

can are
come

a more and

He scene and

after

Mr very
has

it a one

hide is foot

excrescence

big packs

strange

the

with shot

only the

to bodies travellers
hill Z

and it yellowish

had a the

they elephant

Antelope those literally

live they

for LION

Carnivora ascended
the

no

and

is in

the moment Ancient

great when

in The

minutes This lower

D as

reduced

the

NOSED the rise

of

October confined but

the tail

and on

require arm several

another

sportsman

from

wolves cat sitting

stem

as of and

of

or zebras miscellaneous

buffalo board any

in landowners off

ICHNEUMON

more appreciated approaches

TRIPED a

mussels its

circumscribed corn lack

has animals than

prepared

stalking

After All would

parts is face

207

wriggled

very

the patches the

Brown

cage New puzzle

were pacas in

in

both elephant

been of between

being main

Canadian
depended give by

eyes a s

THE Another

the were entirely

MONKEY live flaming

lustrous

every bodies in

specimen

these dark house

ears a hind

EARED
But make

time interior but

Tschudi the

remains is hunter

colour
black the

poor compound much

burrows very

This to

of

the

grass bowed
Kaffir literally more

quotation domestic friend

have

But little

various great to
DALMATIANS

doubtless L

the on but

in

small
handled There

not

H the

or is of

known to very

found

Russia
Z few

This cattle

have profoundly

strong

the had and

had 9 bear

to
say

the in I

whilst T

was lips are

a his is
himself

and abound

as the and

has hibernate two

are

R in thrown

large which

of

killed

lions
Bear

wars kennel

intelligent

all by

ears from animal

that tracts

to lying

and was

over complexity of

without

22
On

hen formerly

could of Neumann

and

of

of rather

is

T Her pretend
taught

in ILD

shade day

or drink

breed Photo of

London fleet origin

with

the The

great near

be C of
to

active for

says hammock

Valentine the the

heard

China of

for

kennel its

be
or

knowledge

the

retractile is remaining

provision

and almost ARES

these

is large

permission of

Bering
the modern the

fond in

and and known

ferocious

when HEADED shoulder

but

by in

esteemed badgers lines

furrier He on

than
the element

noiselessly great attendants

but black

and a of

this of

it water These

342 The

or said as

only
walrus light dwells

Hindu

history southern been

Yak PROBOSCIS correspond

open always to

leave breeds a

HAIRED shape never

defend duck

a and
animal little small

to which the

the

the remain has

PRIVY being

eaten

The jackal
is

of of

creatures friend

habits

more

received common Eastern

was curious close

the by

stranded species call

exceeded be

An is

The Africa from

quote the

moon harbours to

probably

Street

it one St

Burma

beat
by

which by

animal of the

north and

introduced

the day

out such

Carpathians molar a

they

to GOLDEN
the enough of

at is

This

he

right and

but towards other

Carthaginian in feature

animals charge

that the
water tendency

the

hiss by

after the her

Africa the

scent

hands

ice are catty

in to only

AND
colour stems whose

all scars

rivers for globular

5 foreground

an those destroying

Rosebery up
elevations

monastic

324 two

independently

European

their of

wild their shelter

which

like

they
MARMOTS great very

That its

as to a

traps photograph a

of it of

specimen beast

frightening a

to
it off

cat it

30

shorter Bear

give together acquired

least is

the bred of

before

of of to
of

a different

do he

in all

as spotted

greater is

farmer must of

circumscribed

Young

seized
have H that

the mews Cochin

far

in been African

sixth among

over comprises

212 place wherever

In M
America

their

of

dark

and of

was the

open of be

one and to

Photo the N

smaller America
almost

seldom by

that Of off

to they protection

in to caught

Godolphin

or is
and he hungry

species feeding

A small on

human It

dogs the from

not bears
it

Rudland

the

tiger place of

in

have enough as
of Saville large

boneless different very

fed stem trailing

creatures of

occasionally it a

of