5th and 6th Grade

© 2025. Editorial Tercer Escalón. Primera edición.

Queda prohibida la reproducción parcial o total del contenido.

Esto incluye los diseños tipográficos y de portada por cualquier
medio electrónico o mecánico, incluido el fotocopiado, sin el
consentimiento previo y por escrito de la editorial.

Credits:

Produced by: Programa Nacional de Inglés (PRONI) Sonora

Content Design and Development:

Editorial Team: Elisa Márquez de Sampedro, Karen Van Der
Plas González, Angel Hernández Murillo
llustrations: Shutterstock
Graphic Design: Jonathan Guillermo Suárez Pérez, Ariadna
Gómez Zúñiga
Reviewer: Ileana Oropeza Rosas

Enjoy your journey through My Little Workbook !

ISBN: 978-607-8893-69-0

Printed in México
Presentation

Welcome to My Little Workbook, a workbook designed “PRONI Sonora proudly presents this resource as part
especially for fifth and sixth-grade students in Sonora. of its commitment to fostering bilingual education for
This book is a collaborative effort by PRONI Sonora to the children of Sonora. We extend our gratitude to all
support English language learning through engaging teachers, students, and families for being part of this
and meaningful activities. It provides fun activities, journey toward a brighter, multilingual future”.
practical exercises, and opportunities to develop
key communication skills in English while exploring the We hope My Little Workbook will be both useful and
cultural and natural heritage of the state of Sonora. enjoyable for your English learning journey.

This resource includes specific exercises to strengthen

grammatical and phonetic skills, along with reading
passages and vocabulary activities related to Sonora’s
cultural, social, geographic, and economic identity.
Additionally, Sonora Capsules share fascinating facts
about the state’s traditions, renewable energy, and
nature, connecting English learning to the students’
environment. These complementary materials make
learning both effective and fun.

Throughout the workbook, students will be accompanied

by the northern fox or desert fox, a representative
species of Sonora’s wildlife. Its distinctive white neck
and chest, along with its black-tipped tail, embody
the region’s unique biodiversity.
Hello, fif th and sixth grader!
Are you ready
Welcome to My Little Workbook! This book is designed to have a great
to help you learn and practice English while exploring time learning
interesting topics about Sonora. The workbook is divided English?
into two units: Let’s get started!

Grammar – In this unit, you will learn the basics of

English grammar, including how to form sentences, use
verbs, and ask questions. Each lesson is connected
to different topics and is divided into sections, which
include the following: Vocabulary, Listening and
Reading, Grammar Explanation, and Exercises.

Phonics – This unit will help you improve your

pronunciation by practicing sounds and words
in English. Like the Grammar unit, it is divided into
lessons, each one includes the following sections:
Vocabulary, Listening and Reading, and Exercises.

Through these units, you will learn English within the

context of interesting topics such as Sonora’s landscapes
and its important role in renewable energy. By doing
so, you’ll improve your English skills while gaining a
deeper understanding of your state.
Index
Unit 1 Grammar.........................7 • Grammar Explanation.. ............ 32 Lesson 3. Vowel Sounds: Short and
• Exercises.................................. 33 Long Sounds............................. 53
Lesson 1. Parts of the Speech................... 8 Short Sounds
Lesson 7. Kinds of Sentences:
• Vocabulary. . .............................. 8 • Vocabulary. . ............................ 53
Imperative, Declarative,
• Listening and Reading............... 9 Interrogative, and • Listening and Reading............. 54
• Grammar Explanation.. ............ 10 Exclamatory............................ 34 • Exercises.................................. 55
• Exercises.................................. 11 • Vocabulary. . ........................... 34 Long Sounds
• Listening and Reading............ 35 • Vocabulary. . ............................ 56
Lesson 2. Simple Present, Simple Past,
and Simple Future Tenses........ 13 • Grammar Explanation.. ........... 36 • Listening and Reading............. 57
• Vocabulary. . ............................ 13 • Exercises................................. 37 • Exercises.................................. 58
• Listening and Reading............. 14 Lesson 8. Articles..................................... 38 Lesson 4. Patterns.. ................................... 59
• Grammar Explanation.. ............ 15 • Vocabulary. . ........................... 38 • Vocabulary. . ............................ 59
• Exercises.................................. 16 • Listening and Reading............ 39 • Listening and Reading............. 60
Lesson 3. Verb To Be.. ............................... 18 • Grammar Explanation.. ........... 40 • Exercises.................................. 61
• Vocabulary. . ............................ 18 • Exercises................................. 41
Lesson 5. Blends.. ...................................... 62
• Listening and Reading............. 19
• Grammar Explanation.. ............ 20 Unit 2 Phonics.............................. 43 • Vocabulary. . ............................ 62
• Exercises.................................. 21 • Listening and Reading............. 63
Lesson 1. Individual Consonant • Exercises.......................................64
Lesson 4. Adjectives and Adverbs......... 22 Sound. . ...................................... 44
• Vocabulary. . ............................ 22 Individual Consonant Sound I Lesson 6. Affixes........................................ 65
• Listening and Reading............. 23 • Vocabulary. . ............................ 44 Affixes: Prefixes
• Grammar Explanation.. ............ 24 • Listening and Reading............. 45 • Vocabulary. . ............................ 65
• Exercises.................................. 25 • Exercises.................................. 46 • Listening and Reading............. 66
Individual Consonant Sound II • Exercises.......................................67
Lesson 5. Prepositions.. ............................. 26 • Vocabulary. . ............................ 47 Affixes: Suffixes
• Vocabulary. . ............................ 26 • Listening and Reading............. 48 • Vocabulary. . ............................ 68
• Listening and Reading............. 27 • Exercises.................................. 49 • Listening and Reading............. 69
• Grammar Explanation.. ............ 28
• Exercises.......................................70
• Exercises.................................. 29 Lesson 2. Digraphs................................... 50
• Vocabulary. . ............................ 50
Lesson 6. Nouns........................................ 30 • Listening and Reading............. 51
• Vocabulary. . ............................ 30 Additional Materials.............................. 71
• Exercises.................................. 52
• Listening and Reading............. 31 References................................................ 72
Unit 1
Grammar
IC S
TOP pee
ch ,
h e S p l e Past
f t Sim
rts o ent, e Tense
s
• Pa P r e s
u r
ple Fut
• Sim Simple
and Be rbs
b To d A dve
r an
• Ve t i ves
je c
• Ad sition
s
e p o
• Pr s:
N o uns n t e nce tive,
• Se ra
i n d s of , D ecla
•K ive
erat tive and
Imp a
rrog
Inte matory
a
Excl
s
A r ticle
•
 Scan me

Lesson 1 | Parts of the Speech

Vocabulary

1. Listen and repeat the words.

Unit 1|Grammar

buy cheap expensive

money price sell

8
 Scan me

Lesson 1 | Parts of the Speech

Listening and Reading

1. Listen and follow the reading.

Unit 1|Grammar
Seller Customer

Hello! What do you want to buy?

Hi! I want to buy a toy.
I’m selling this toy in $5
That’s expensive. Do you have a cheaper toy?
Yes, the price of this one is $2. It’s cheap!
Great! I will buy the cheap toy.
Here you go! Do you have the money?
Yes, here’s $2.
Thank you! Enjoy your toy!
Thank you! Bye!
d
2. Underline true or false. Sonora lan

a ) The customer wants to buy a toy. True False Grapes grow in

Sonora’s vineyards,
b ) The first toy is cheap. True False and people use
them to make wine
and raisins.
c ) The customer buys the expensive toy. True False

d ) The cheap toy costs $2. True False

e ) The seller gives the toy for free. True False

9
 Lesson 1 | Parts of the Speech
Grammar Explanation

1. Read the information about the parts of the speech.

Nouns Verbs Adjectives Adverbs

money buy cheap quickly
Unit 1|Grammar

school sell expensive very

Mariana go blue yesterday

Pronouns Prepositions Conjunctions Interjections

He/she on and wow!
It in but hey!
They under because oh!

Examples: • I have some money. • I want to buy a dress. • The toy is very cheap.

2. Complete the sentences with the correct part of the speech.

cheap buy because hey!

under quickly money she

a ) I need some to go shopping. e) is going to the store.

b ) She wants to a new toy. f   ) The cat is hiding the table.
c ) The food at the market is very . g ) I buy it , it is on sale.
d ) He runs to catch the bus. h) ! Do you want to see this cool toy?

10
Lesson 1 | Parts of the Speech
Exercises

1. Unscramble the following sentences. Use the correct capital and lowercase letters.

a) I buy oranges in the Sonora Market

Unit 1|Grammar
I oranges buy the in Sonora market

b)
handmade sells the crafts Sonora fair at She

c)
price of Sonora very cheap in is The fish

2. Match each word with its correct part of speech.

expensive Nouns
Sonora Verbs
wow! Adjectives
I Adverbs
at Pronouns
but Prepositions
pay Conjuctions
easily Interjections

11
 Lesson 1 | Parts of the Speech

3. Find the vocabulary words. Then write what part of the speech is each one.

O W R J C D T E C Q
Unit 1|Grammar

buy
E M B U Y T T X H G
K O D D R R O P E Q cheap

L N K L M E B E A G expensive
Z E J P Z L K N P Y money
B Y Y R M M B S A T
price
M D H I Y I W I L K
sell
H C H C O W G V W H
V N W E R Q N E M X
Z M S E L L P W F I
d
Sonora lan
Sonora produces
seafood like shrimp
and fish from the
Sea of Cortez,
which is important
for the local
economy.

12
Lesson 2 | Simple Present, Simple Past, and Simple Future Tenses
Vocabulary

1. Listen and repeat the words.

Unit 1|Grammar
interview question answer job

d
Sonora lan Scan me

Some people in
Sonora work in
tourism, helping
visitors at beaches
skills experience
and resorts.

13
 Lesson 2 | Simple Present, Simple Past, and Simple Future Tenses
Listening and Reading

1. Listen and follow the reading. Scan me

Hello! Welcome to the interview.

What job are you applying for?
Unit 1|Grammar

Hello! I am applying for the sales job.

Do you have any experience in sales?
Yes, I have two years of experience in a store.
Thank you for your answers!
We’ll let you know soon.

d
Sonora lan

Interviewer Interviewee In cities like

Hermosillo, many
2. Underline true or false. people work in
factories making
cars and other
a ) The interview is for a sales job. True False products.

b ) The interviewee has two years of experience in a store. True False

c ) The interviewer says they will let the interviewee True False
know soon.

d ) The interviewee is applying for a teaching job. True False

14
Lesson 2 | Simple Present, Simple Past, and Simple Future Tenses
Grammar Explanation

1. Read the information about the use of the different tenses (Simple Present, Simple Past, and
Simple Future).

Time experiences

Unit 1|Grammar
Simple Words to talk about different tenses
Simple Past Simple Future
Present
Simple
I ask I asked I will ask Simple Present Simple Past
Future
You answer You answered You will answer
Every day Yesterday Tomorrow
They talk They talked They will talk Daily Last year Next week
Every week Last month Next month
Irregular verbs may have the same or
Once a month Last week Next year
different forms for the past and future simple,
they require memorization.

Simple Present Simple Past Simple Future

I say I said I will say
She knows She knew She will know
He does He did He will do
You have You had You will have
They are They were They will be

Examples: I walked to the school yesterday.

She walks to the school every day.
He will walk to the school tomorrow.

15
 Lesson 2 | Simple Present, Simple Past, and Simple Future Tenses
Exercises

1. Circle the correct tense of the verb (Simple Present, Simple Past or Simple Future). Pay attention to
   the words in bold.
Unit 1|Grammar

a ) She goes on vacation to Sonora every year.

• Simple Present
d
• Simple Past Sonora lan
• Simple Future
b ) He answered all the questions in the interview. Many people work
• Simple Present in mining to get
copper and other
• Simple Past minerals from the
• Simple Future ground.

c ) They will schedule the interview for next week.

• Simple Present
• Simple Past
• Simple Future
d ) I prepared my resume for the job interview.
• Simple Present
• Simple Past
• Simple Future
e ) The company hires many workers in Sonora.
• Simple Present
• Simple Past
• Simple Future

16
Lesson 2 | Simple Present, Simple Past, and Simple Future

1. Check ( ✔ ) the regular verbs from the list below.

Unit 1|Grammar
( ) say

( ) know 2. Complete each sentence with the correct form of

the verb in parentheses. Use simple present, simple
( ) do past, or simple future tenses.

( ) have a ) She (ask) many questions during the

( ) ask interview yesterday.

b)I (answer) the phone last night.
( ) answer
c ) They (talk) about the job in Sonora
( ) talk tomorrow.
d ) He (work) at a company in Sonora last
( ) work
year.
( ) prepare e ) The manager (say) I did a good job
( ) plan yesterday.
f   ) She (eat) fruit every day.
g ) Tomorrow, I (do) my best in the interview.
h ) They (have) a job opening in Sonora
next month.

17
 Scan me

Lesson 3 | Verb To Be
Vocabulary

1. Listen and repeat the words.

Unit 1|Grammar

d
Sonora lan

Ranching is
important in
Sonora, where
workers take care
of cattle and
horses.
danger caution stop

d
Sonora lan

Sonora is very hot

in the summer,
with temperatures
reaching over
prohibition forbidden risk
40°C.

18
 Scan me

Lesson 3 | Verb To Be
Listening and Reading

1. Listen and follow the reading.

Unit 1|Grammar
Be careful, there is Caution! Stop! Do not enter
danger near the cliff. The floor is wet. this area.

It is prohibited Climbing the There is a risk of falling

to swim here. fence is forbidden. if you run on the stairs.

2. Answer the questions.

a ) Is it safe to climb a fence if there is a sign that says “Forbidden”?

b ) Why is it important to follow warnings and prohibitions?

19
 Lesson 3 | Verb To Be
Grammar Explanation

1. Read the information about the verb “To Be” in its dif ferent forms and solve the exercise.

Present Past Future

Unit 1|Grammar

I am I was I will be
d
You are You were You will be Sonora lan
He/She/It is He/She/It was He/She/It be Some beaches in
Sonora have strong
We are We were We will be currents, and it’s
They are They were They will be prohibited to swim
in certain areas
without a lifeguard
present.
2. Complete the sentences with the correct tense of the verb To Be.

a ) It dangerous to swim in this river last year.

b ) There a sign that says “No Climbing” near the mountain.
c ) The desert very hot tomorrow, so stay hydrated.
d ) It prohibited to enter the construction site yesterday.
e ) The roads closed during the storm last week.
f   ) This beach safe for swimming today.
g ) There a warning about wild animals in the park next week.
h ) It important to follow the rules in the nature reserve.

20
Lesson 3 | Verb To Be
Exercises

1. Read the sentences and circle the correct option.

a ) The warning sign (is / are) very big and clear.
b ) Last year, the beach (was / were) closed for swimming.

Unit 1|Grammar
c ) Tomorrow, the weather (will be / is) perfect for hiking in Sonora.
d ) The rules (was / were) strict about entering the park after dark.
e ) There (is / are) many signs about safety in this area.
f   ) Next week, there (will be / is) a new safety meeting for visitors.
g ) The park ranger (was / were) helpful when we asked questions.
h ) The best time to visit the desert (is / will be) during the cooler months.

2. Complete the warnings with the verb “To Be”.

a) careful! The floor b) careful, this area c) Watch out! The roads
slippery. under construction. icy.

21
 Scan me

Lesson 4 | Adjectives and Adverbs

Vocabulary

1. Listen and repeat the words.

Unit 1|Grammar

magic adventure spell wizard

d
Sonora lan

Sonora is home
to the Sonoran
Desert, one of the
largest deserts in
mystery quest
the world.

22
 Scan me

Lesson 4 | Adjectives and Adverbs

Listening and Reading

1. Listen and follow the reading.

Unit 1|Grammar
Juan’s Adventure

Once upon a time, in the desert of Sonora, Juan traveled through the mystery of the
there was a little boy named Juan. One day, desert, finding clues hidden under rocks and in
while walking near the mountains, he found a caves. With the wizard’s help, Juan completed
mysterious old book full of magic and secrets. the spell and used it to make Sonora even
more beautiful and full of magic.
Suddenly, a wise wizard appeared and told Juan
that the book had a powerful spell inside. “You The people of Sonora were happy, and Juan
must go on an adventure to find the missing became a hero. He learned that with courage
pieces of the spell,” said the wizard. “This is your and kindness, every adventure could end
special quest.” with a little magic.

2. Answer true or false.

a ) Juan found a mysterious book in the forest. True False

b ) The wizard told Juan that the book had a powerful spell. True False

c ) Juan’s quest took place in the city of Sonora. True False

d ) Juan had to find clues in caves and under rocks. True False

e ) The spell made Sonora more beautiful and full of magic. True False

23
 Lesson 4 | Adjectives and Adverbs
Grammar Explanation

1. Read the information about the adjectives and adverbs.

d
Adjectives Adverbs Sonora lan
Unit 1|Grammar

Used to describe verbs,

Used to describe nouns
adjectives or other adverbs
Sonora has both
green quickly mountains and
tiny silently deserts, making it a
diverse region.
magical wisely
enchanted suddenly
ancient bravely

2. Complete the sentences with the correct adjective or adverb from the chart.

Exampls: The grass is green. She fights bravely.

a ) The dragon flew over the castle.
b ) They entered the forest to find the lost treasure.
c ) In the cave, they found an map leading to a secret place.
d ) The knight moved through the dark tunnel.
e ) The wizard spoke to avoid waking the giant.
f) , the castle gates opened, revealing a secret.
g ) The brave knight fought the dragon to save the village.

24
Lesson 4 | Adjectives and Adverbs
Exercises

1. Circle the adjectives and underline the adverbs you find.

Unit 1|Grammar
magical dragon
d
Sonora lan
fiercely silently

dark castle The Pinacate

Biosphere Reserve
mysterious brave is a UNESCO World
Heritage Site.
wisely enchant

2. Write a short fantasy story using adjectives and adverbs. Use the story on page 23 as a model.

25
 Scan me

Lesson 5 | Prepositions
Vocabulary

1. Listen and repeat the words.

Unit 1|Grammar

tradition custom celebration cultural

d
Sonora lan

Norteño music is
very popular in
Sonora.
symbol heritage

26
 Scan me

Lesson 5 | Prepositions
Listening and Reading

1. Listen and follow the reading.

Traditions in Sonora

Unit 1|Grammar
Sonora is a state in Mexico with many beautiful In Sonora, people also celebrate the Day of the
customs and traditions. One of the most important Dead. They make altars to honor their ancestors
is the Yaqui Easter Festival. This is a celebration and remember loved ones who have passed away.
where people remember their history and religion.
The Yaqui people perform special dances and
wear colorful costumes.

Another important tradition in Sonora is carne

asada. Families gather to cook barbecue and
enjoy food together. This is very common for
special days like birthdays or holidays.

2. Answer true or false.

a) The Yaqui Easter Festival is an important celebration in Sonora. True False

b) People in Sonora wear costumes during the Yaqui Easter Festival. True False

c) Carne asada is a dish made with barbecue, enjoyed with family. True False

d) In Sonora, people do not celebrate the Day of the Dead. True False

e) The people of Sonora make altars to honor their ancestors on the Day of the Dead. True False

27
 Lesson 5 | Prepositions
Grammar Explanation

1. Read the information about the prepositions.

Prepositions
Unit 1|Grammar

In When something is inside a space.

On When something is resting on a surface.

At For specific places or points in time.

Under When something is below something else.

Next to When something is beside or close to another object.

2. Complete each sentence with the correct preposition to avoid the sun.

next to at in on under

a ) The Yaqui people perform their traditional dances the Easter Festival.
b ) The children sat the tree during the celebration.
c ) The food is the kitchen, ready for the party.
d ) The altar for Day of the Dead is placed the table.
e ) The special decorations for the festival are set up the door.

28
Lesson 5 | Prepositions
Exercises

1. Match the pictures with the sentences. Then underline the preposition in each sentence.

Unit 1|Grammar
a ) The musicians are playing their
instruments on the stage.
b ) The flowers are placed on the altar for
the celebration.
c ) The people are celebrating in the
town square during the Grito de
Independencia.
d ) The tamales are on the plates, ready
to be eaten.
e ) The folk dancer is standing next to the
musicians.
f   ) The children are excited at the
moment they are breaking the piñata.

29
 Scan me

Lesson 6 | Nouns
Vocabulary

1. Listen and repeat the words.

Unit 1|Grammar

ABC

language cuisine dance music

d
Sonora lan

The population of
Sonora is around 3
million people.
festival belief

30
 Scan me

Lesson 6 | Nouns
Listening and Reading

1. Listen and follow the reading.

Mexico: The Mexican Independence

Unit 1|Grammar
On September 16, 1810, Father Miguel Hidalgo rang the bell of his church in a small town called
Dolores. With his famous Grito de Dolores, he asked Mexicans to fight against the Spanish. This was
the start of Mexico’s War of Independence, which helped Mexico become free in 1821.

France: The Storming of the Bastille

On July 14, 1789, a group of people in Paris attacked the Bastille, a fortress that was used as a prison.
The attack on the Bastille is seen as the start of the French Revolution. The fall of this fortress ended
the king’s complete power and began a new time of freedom and rights in France.

2. Answer true or false.

a ) The Mexican Independence was in Mexico, and the Storming of the True False
Bastille happened in France.

b ) Father Miguel Hidalgo called for Mexicans to rise against French rule. True False

c ) Both events marked the beginning of important revolutions in their countries. True False

d ) The Storming of the Bastille started Mexico’s War of Independence. True False

e ) The Grito de Dolores led to Mexico gaining independence in 1821. True False

31
 Lesson 6 | Nouns
Grammar Explanation

1. Read the information about the nouns.

Nouns
Unit 1|Grammar

Nouns are words that name people, places, things or ideas.

Common Proper Compound Nouns
Specific names of people,
General names for people,
places, or things. They always A compound noun is
places or things
start with capital letter formed by combining two
or more words to create
city Mexico a new meaning, such as
“toothbrush,” which joins
person Sara “tooth” and “brush” to
describe a tool for cleaning
teeth.
day Monday

2. Fill in the blanks with the correct proper or common nouns.

Mexico Grito de Dolores Day of the Dead Sonora cuisine

a ) The is celebrated on november 1st and 2nd to honor the dead in Mexican culture.
b ) The traditional of Italy is famous for its pasta and pizza dishes.
c ) Father Hidalgo’s called for independence from Spain.
d) is a country rich in culture, history, and traditions like 5 de mayo.
e ) The state of in Mexico is known for its beautiful deserts and coastline.

32
Lesson 6 | Nouns
Exercises

1. Capitalize the proper nouns from the following list.

a ) france

Unit 1|Grammar
d
b ) art Sonora lan
c ) tradition
Sonora has many
d ) festival indigenous groups
e ) cinco de mayo like the yaqui and
mayo.
f   ) eiffel tower
g ) music
h ) christmas

2. Make a list of six proper nouns and six common nouns.

Propper Nouns Common Nouns

33
 Scan me
Kinds of Sentences:
Lesson 7 | Imperative, Declarative, Interrogative, and Exclamatory
Vocabulary

1. Listen and repeat the words.

Unit 1|Grammar

safety awareness protection prevention

d
Sonora lan
During the dry
season, it’s
prohibited to start
campfires in many
areas of Sonora
emergency alert because of the risk
of wildfires.

34
 Scan me
Kinds of Sentences:
Lesson 7 | Imperative, Declarative, Interrogative, and Exclamatory
Listening and Reading

1. Listen and follow the reading.

• Always think about your safety when hiking in the

Unit 1|Grammar
desert or visiting beaches.

• Use sunscreen and wear a hat for protection

from the strong sun.

• Stay alert for any danger signs or warnings, such

as strong ocean currents or wildlife areas.

These simple instructions help people stay safe and avoid personal risk while in Sonora.

2. Complete the sentences with the words from the box.

a ) To protect my skin from the Sun, I wear . emergency

b ) I call the police when I have an . sunscreen

prevention
c ) Watch out! The floor is wet. It’s a .

35
 Kinds of Sentences:
Lesson 7 | Imperative, Declarative, Interrogative, and Exclamatory
Grammar Explanation

1. Read the information about the imperative and declarative sentences.

Imperative Sentences
Unit 1|Grammar

To give a command or make a request. To tell something.

Can end with a period or exclamation mark. Always end with a period.
Examples:
Stay alert! The sun can be very harsh.
Wear sunscreen. Emergency services are nearby.
Drink water. Preventions helps to avoid risks.

2. Read the sentences below and check ( ✔ ) the imperative sentences.

( ) Wear a hat to protect yourself from the sun.

( ) The weather in Sonora can get very hot.
( ) Don’t swim in the ocean if there is a red flag.
d
( ) Stay hydrated by drinking lots of water. Sonora lan
( ) What should you do if you see a warning sign? Sonora can
( ) Carry extra water when hiking in the mountains. experience
strong storms and
( ) The road to the beach is very long. hurricanes near the
coast. Stay informed
( ) Watch out for wildlife in the desert!
about weather
conditions and
evacuate if needed.

36
 Kinds of Sentences:
Lesson 7 | Imperative, Declarative, Interrogative, and Exclamatory
Exercises

1. Write two safety rules you know for school. Use declarative sentences..

For example: “Walk, don’t run in the hallways”.

Unit 1|Grammar
a)
b )

2. Write two imperative sentences that help avoid personal risks at school.

For example: “Stay away from wet floors”.

a)
b )

37
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Lesson 8 | Articles
Vocabulary

1. Listen and repeat the words.

Unit 1|Grammar

profession employee position task

d
Sonora lan
Agriculture is a
major source of
employment in
Sonora, with many
workers involved
responsability training in growing crops
like wheat, grapes,
and citrus fruits.

38
 Scan me

Lesson 8 | Articles
Listening and Reading

1. Listen and follow the reading.

The profession of an agricultural worker is very important in Sonora. As an employee

Unit 1|Grammar
on a farm, the main position is to help grow and harvest crops like wheat and grapes.
One common task is to water the plants and check that they are healthy. Workers have
the responsibility of ensuring the crops are well cared for and ready for market. Some
workers receive training on how to use farming tools and machines to do their job better.

2. Answer the questions.

How does the responsibility of caring for crops impact the food we eat?

What other jobs are important in your community, and how do they help society?

3. Answer true or false.

a ) Agricultural workers in Sonora help grow and harvest crops like wheat and grapes. True False

b ) One of the main tasks of agricultural workers is checking the health of the plants. True False

c ) Agricultural workers in Sonora do not need any training to do their job. True False

d ) Agricultural workers are responsible for ensuring crops are well cared for. True False

e ) The profession of an agricultural worker is not important in Sonora. True False

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 Lesson 8 | Articles
Grammar Explanation

1. Read the information about the imperative and declarative sentences.

A An The
Unit 1|Grammar

Words that come before a noun to tell us if we are talking about something specific or general.
These are used for any one thing; they are general. Used for specific things
A doctor An artist The doctor that treats me
A nurse An architect The nurse that is coming
A dentist An engineer The engineer on the roof

2. Read the texts, then write on the line the profession described.

engineer lawyer chef doctor software developer architect

a)A diagnoses and treats illnesses and injuries.

b ) An designs, builds, and maintains structures, machines, and systems.
c) A represents clients in legal matters, provides legal advice, and prepares
legal documents.
d)A prepares and cooks food in restaurants, hotels or other establishments.
e ) An designs buildings and other structures, considering functionality, safety,
and aesthetics.
f   ) A creates computer programs and applications.

40
Lesson 8 | Articles
Exercises

5. Write “a” or “an” as corresponds.

d
Sonora lan

Unit 1|Grammar
doctor psychologist
Mining is a key
nurse optometrist industry in Sonora,
pharmacist artist known for copper,
gold, and other
teacher musician minerals, with
surgeon actor/actress many people
working in mines or
physical therapist writer related fields.
firefighter animator
paramedic accountant

41
Congratulations!

You finished
the first unit!
Unit 2
Phonics
IC S
TOP son ant
al Con
I n d ividu
• d
Soun s r t an
d
p h h o
gra s: S
• Di l S o und
we s
• Vo g Sound
Lon s
ttern
• Pa
nds
• Ble
xes
• Affi
 Scan me

Lesson 1 | Individual Consonant Sound I

Vocabulary

1. Listen and repeat the following words, focus on the first sound.
Unit 2|Phonics

biofuel clean fuel geotermal

d
Sonora lan
hydropower natural renewable
Sonora has one
of the largest
solar farms in Latin
America.

solar turbine wind

44
 Scan me

Lesson 1 | Individual Consonant Sound I

Listening and Reading

1. Listen to the audio and follow the reading.

Renewable energies in Sonora

Unit 2|Phonics
Sonora is a great place for renewable energies. In some places, geothermal energy is used by getting
The state has a lot of solar power because it gets heat from the earth. Hydropower is another source
a lot of sunlight. Many homes and buildings use of energy, using water to produce electricity. Some
solar panels to get clean energy from the sun. people in Sonora also use biofuel, which is a natural
Wind energy is also important, with big turbines fuel made from plants. These types of energy help
that use the wind to create electricity. protect the environment and keep Sonora green.

2. Listen to the audio again, pay attention to the words in bold, and write them in the correct
place according to their sound.

/b/ /k/ /f/ /g/ /h/

    

/n/ /r/ /s/ /t/ /w/

    

45
 Lesson 1 | Individual Consonant Sound II
Exercises

1. Categorize the words in the box based on their beginning consonant sounds.

solar renewable wind turbines geothermal

Unit 2|Phonics

nature clean fan hydropower biofuel

/b/ /k/ /f/ /g/ /h/

    

/n/ /r/ /s/ /t/ /w/

    

2. Fill in the blanks.

a ) The word wind starts with the sound.

b ) The word solar starts with the sound.
c ) The word geothermal starts with the sound.
d ) The word biofuel starts with the sound.

46
 Scan me

Lesson 1 | Individual Consonant Sound II

Vocabulary

1. Listen and repeat the following words, focus on the first sound.

Unit 2|Phonics
demand joint venture liability market

d
Sonora lan
The manufacturing
profit value sector, particularly in
cities like Hermosillo
and Nogales, is
important, with
factories producing
cars, electronics,
and other goods.

yield zero

47
 Scan me

Lesson 1 | Individual Consonant Sound II

Listening and Reading

1. Listen to the audio and follow the reading.

Sonora’s Key Industries

Unit 2|Phonics

Sonora has a strong market with many important making a profit to stay successful. The value
industries. There is a high demand for products of the products they produce, like copper and
like copper and agriculture. Companies often food, is very high.
work together in a joint venture to grow their
business. Farmers in Sonora work hard to increase their
yield, growing more crops each year. Some
Liability is important for businesses to companies may experience challenges, and their
understand because it helps them manage profits might drop to zero, but most businesses
risks. Many businesses in Sonora focus on continue to work hard to succeed and grow.

2. Write more words that start with the following individual consonant sounds.

/d/ /j/ /l/ /m/

 demand  joint venture  liability  market

   
   

/p/ /v/ /y/ /z/

 profit  value  yield  zero

   
   

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Lesson 1 | Individual Consonant Sound II
Exercises

1. Categorize the words in the box based on their beginning consonant sounds.

Consonant Sounds: Words:

/d/ /z/ zero

Unit 2|Phonics
liability
profit
/y/ yield
/m/ market
/j/ value
/p/ demand
/v/
/l/ joint venture

2. Fill in the blanks with words from the previous exercise. Each word starts with the consonant
sound given.

a ) The company hopes to increase its in the coming year.

b ) The business faces a lot of , which is why it’s important to be careful with
financial decisions.
c) is key when trying to make a successful investment.
d ) Some businesses experience a drop in during the holiday season.
e ) They decided to start a to combine their resources and reduce risks.
f   ) Farmers in Sonora work hard to increase their of crops.
g) is a basic concept in business that refers to owing money.
h) is a great example of a country that relies on agriculture and natural resources.

49
 Scan me

Lesson 2 | Diagraphs
Vocabulary

1. Listen and repeat the following words.

Unit 2|Phonics

charge shadow thermal photograph

d
Sonora lan

Sonora is ideal
for solar energy
because it has
more than 300
whirlwind backpack days a year of
sunlight.

50
 Scan me

Lesson 2 | Diagraphs
Listening and Reading

1. Listen to the audio and follow the reading.

Exploring Sonora

Unit 2|Phonics
I traveled to Sonora with my family last week. We also saw wind turbines spinning fast. One of
As we drove through the desert, I saw big them made a small whirlwind with the sand! It
solar panels everywhere. My dad told me they was amazing to see how the wind helps make
charge from the sun and help make electricity. power too. Later, we visited a place where they
I took a photograph of them with my camera. use the sun for thermal energy to heat water. I
Some of the panels were in the shadow of tall kept my notebook and camera in my backpack,
mountains, but most were in the sun. ready to learn more about Sonora’s energy!

2. Write more words that include the following digraphs.

/ch/ /sh/ /th/

 charge  shadow  thermal

   A digraph is when two letters
   are put together to make a
   single sound. For example, in
the word “charge,” the letters
/ph/ /wh/ /ck/ “c” and “h” come together
to make the “ch” sound.
Digraphs help us spell and
 photograph  whirlwind  backpack
read words in English.
  
  
  

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 Lesson 2 | Diagraphs
Exercises

1. Match the sound to the picture that represents a word starting with that sound.

a ) /ch/
Unit 2|Phonics

b ) /ph/
c ) /sh/
d ) /wh/
e ) /th/
f   ) /ck/

2. Write five more words for each diagraph based on what you already know. For example:

a ) /ch/ chair, chocolate, cheese, chicken, chain

b ) /ph/
c ) /sh/
d ) /wh/
e ) /th/
f   ) /ck/

52
 Scan me

Lesson 3 | Vowel Sounds: Short and Long Sounds (Short Sounds)

Vocabulary

1. Listen and repeat the following words.

Unit 2|Phonics
plant net wind

d
Sonora lan
Sonora, a major
Mexican state
known for
producing diverse
crops such as
wheat, grapes,
citrus fruits, and
crops sun vegetables.

53
 Scan me

Lesson 3 | Vowel Sounds: Short and Long Sounds (Short Sounds)

Listening and Reading

1. Listen to the audio and follow the reading.

Sonora: Energy and Growth

Unit 2|Phonics

Sonora is known for its sunny climate, which is In addition to energy, Sonora has a strong fishing
perfect for both growing crops and using the industry. Fishermen use nets to catch fish and shrimp,
sun to create energy. Many solar plants are which are important for the local economy. With
built in the state to capture the sun’s power its renewable energy efforts and rich agriculture,
and turn it into electricity. The strong wind in Sonora continues to grow and thrive.
some areas is also used to create energy with
wind turbines.

2. Write more words that include the following short vowel sounds.

/a/ /e/ /i/

 plants  nets  wind

  
Short vowel sounds are quick
   sounds we make for each vowel:
  
• A sounds like the “a” in “plants”.
/o/ /u/ • E sounds like the “e” in “nets”.
• I sounds like the “i” in “wind”.
 crop  sun • O sounds like the “o” in “crop”.
  • U sounds like the “u” in “sun”.
 
 

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Lesson 3 | Vowel Sounds: Short and Long Sounds (Sort Sounds)
Exercises

1. Circle the words according to their sounds.

a ) /a/

Unit 2|Phonics
bed cat pin

b ) /e/
pet map dog

c ) /i/
duck box fish

d ) /o/
milk pot apple

e ) /u/
nut red hat

2. Write 5 sentences using the words you circled.

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

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 Scan me

Lesson 3 | Vowel Sounds: Short and Long Sounds (Long Sounds)

Vocabulary

1. Listen and repeat the following words, focus on the vowel sounds.
Unit 2|Phonics

grape beef rice

d
Sonora lan
Sonora is renowned
for its barbecue,
a regional staple
enjoyed at family
gatherings and
celebrations, reflecting
its rich livestock farming
and traditions.
tomato tuna

56
 Scan me

Lesson 3 | Vowel Sounds: Short and Long Sounds (Long Sounds)

Listening Reading

1. Listen to the audio and follow the reading.

Sonora’s Rich Cuisine

Unit 2|Phonics
Sonora is known for its rich and diverse cuisine. used to make wine. Additionally, the tuna,
One of the most popular dishes is carne asada, which is the fruit of the prickly pear cactus, is
made from grilled beef, which is a favorite at a unique ingredient in many local dishes and
family gatherings. Another staple in Sonoran drinks, adding a sweet flavor that is enjoyed
meals is rice, often served alongside the beef by many Mexicans and tourists.
with fresh tomato salsa for extra flavor.
Sonora’s cuisine combines traditional flavors
Sonora’s agriculture plays a big role in its cuisine. with the natural ingredients the region offers,
The region is famous for its grape production, making it truly special.

2. Write more words that include the following long vowel sounds.

/a/ /e/ /i/

 grape  beef  rice

  
Long vowel sounds happen when
   a vowel sound is longer:
  
• A sounds like the “a” in “grape”.
/o/ /u/ • E sounds like the “e” in “beef”.
• I sounds like the “i” in “rice”.
 tomato  tuna • O sounds like the “o” in “tomato”.
  • U sounds like the “u” in “tuna”.
 
 

57
 Lesson 3 | Vowel Sounds: Short and Long Sounds (Long Sounds)
Exercises

1. Circle the picture that represents each word.

a ) lake 2. Place the following words into their

correct long vowel sound category.
Unit 2|Phonics

grape tree rice tomato tuna

lake kite cone flue
b ) tree
Long /a/ Long /e/

c ) kite

Long /i/ Long /o/

d ) tomato

Long /u/

e ) tuna

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Lesson 4 | Patterns
Vocabulary

1. Read the information. Check the meaning of the words in the dictionary.

CVC Pattern (Consonant- CVCe Pattern (Consonant- Vowel Digraphs (Vowel

Unit 2|Phonics
Vowel-Consonant): Vowel-Consonant + Silent ‘e’): Teams):
Consonant+short vowel+other Words ending in “e” , make Two vowels together: the first
consonant the preceding vowel long. one is long, the second is silent.
“had”, “was”, “day” “cake,” “love,” “sure” “fleece” (ee), “school” (oo),
“waited” (ai).
R-Controlled Vowels: Consonant Blends: Consonant Digraphs:
A vowel before “r” makes a Two or more consonants blend, Two consonants that make a
special sound. but each sound is heard. single sound.
“her,” “turned,” “Mary.” “mb” in “lamb,” “dr” in Examples: “ch” in “school,”
“children,” “fl” in “fleece.” “gh” in “laugh,” “th” in “that.”

2. Write more words that include the following patterns.

CVC CVCe Vowel Digraphs Consonant R-Controlled Consonant

Blends Vowels Digraphs

had love school turned lamb laugh

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 Song Karaoke

Lesson 4 | Patterns
Listening and Reading

1. Listen to the following song and then sing along.

Mary had a little lamb,

Little lamb, little lamb.
Unit 2|Phonics

Mary had a little lamb,

His fleece was white as snow. And so the teacher turned him out,
Turned it out, turned it out.
Everywhere that Mary went, And so the teacher turned him out,
Mary went, Mary went. But still he lingered near.
Everywhere that Mary went,
The lamb was sure to go.
And he waited patiently,
Patiently, patiently,
He followed her to school
And he waited patiently,
one day, ‘till Mary did appear.
School one day, “Why does the lamb love Mary so?
school one day, Love Mary so? Love Mary so?
He followed her to Why does the lamb love Mary so?”
school one day, The eager children cry.
Which was against the
rules.
“Why, Mary loves the lamb,
you know.
It made the children The lamb, you know, the
laugh and play, lamb, you know.
Laugh and play, laugh Why, Mary loves the
and play. lamb, you know,”
It made the children The teacher did reply.
laugh and play,
To see a lamb at school.

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Lesson 4 | Patterns
Exercises

1. Read the information from page 59 again and identify the sounds in each word. Write them in
their box.

Unit 2|Phonics
CVC (consonant vowel CVCe (consonant-vowel- vowel diagraphs (vowel
consonant) consonat-silent “e”) teams)

RCV (R-Controlled Vowels) CB (consonant blends) CD (consonant diagraphs)

CVC
a ) hat ................................ d ) car ................................

b ) cake .............................. e ) laugh .............................

c ) book .............................. f   ) side ...............................

2. Read the following sentences. Underline the words with long vowel sounds.

a ) The kite flew high in the sky.

b ) We had rice and tuna for dinner.
c ) My sister planted a tomato in the garden.
d ) I saw a grape vine near the lake.
e ) The beef was cooked perfectly.

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 Scan me

Lesson 5 | Blends
Vocabulary

1. Read the information about the blends.

Blends are when two consonants are put together, and you can hear
each sound in the blend
Unit 2|Phonics

Beginning Blends
L-Blends R-Blends S-Blends
climb bring sleep
flag drive snake
plant tree spin
Ending Blends
wind lamp last
sand camp fast

2. Listen and repeat the following words.

climb sleep camp

drive sand fast

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 Scan me

Lesson 5 | Blends
Listening and Reading

1. Listen to the audio and follow the reading.

Camping in Sonora

Unit 2|Phonics
Lily was so excited to go camping with her parents in Sonora. They packed up their car
and began the drive to the desert. After a few hours, they arrived at a beautiful camp by
the mountains.

Lily loved the warm sand under her feet as she played by the tent. Her dad showed her how to
climb a small hill near their campsite. When the sun started to set, they sat by the fire and enjoyed
their dinner.

That night, Lily couldn’t wait to sleep under the stars. She hoped the trip would last forever because
she loved spending time with her family in Sonora.

2. Write more words that include the following long vowel sounds.

Beginning Blends Ending Blends

climb drive sleep sand camp last

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 Lesson 5 | Blends
Exercises

1. Sort each word in the correct column according to its sound.

blue black sand hand friend last

Unit 2|Phonics

best climb class cloud sleep train

Beginning blends Ending blends

2. Match the words to the correct blend.

camp drive last climb sand sleep

a ) dr
b ) cl
c ) sl
d ) nd
e ) st
f   ) mp

64
 Scan me

Lesson 6 | Af fixes: Prefixes

Vocabulary

1. Read, listen and repeat the following words. Check with your teacher the new words.

Prefixes
Prefixes are added to the beginning of a word. They change the word’s meaning.

Unit 2|Phonics
Prefixes Meaning Examples

un- “not” unhappy

re- “again” rewrite

pre- “before” preview

dis- “opposite of” disappear

mis- “wrong” misplace

non- “not” nonstop

over- “too much” overcook

under- “too little” underestimate

co- “together” cooperate

sub- “under” submarine

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 Scan me

Lesson 6 | Af fixes: Prefixes

Listening and Reading

1. Read and listen to the passage below. Underline the words with prefixes and identify
which prefix is used.

The Submarine
Unit 2|Phonics

The submarine dived under the ocean’s surface. The captain underestimated the time
needed to reach the destination. Meanwhile, the crew cooperated to fix a misplaced
tool. They decided to preview their route to avoid mistakes. The team stayed nonstop at
work to avoid overcooking their dinner. Nobody was unhappy despite the challenges.

a ) sub d ) over
b ) under e ) co
c ) pre f ) mis

2. Match each prefix with its meaning. One meaning is repeated.

Prefixes: Meanings:

a ) un- not
b ) re- again
c ) pre- before
d ) dis- opposite of
e ) mis- wrong
f   ) non- not

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Lesson 6 | Af fixes: Prefixes
Exercises

1. Write the correct prefix. Then, write the letter of the prefix in its corresponding picture.

a) marine

Unit 2|Phonics
b) appear
c) cook
d) write
e) happy
f   ) place
g) stop
h) operate
i   ) view
j   ) estimate

2. Now, choose five words and write sentences.

a )
b )
c )
d )
e )

67
 Scan me

Lesson 6 | Af fixes: Suf fixes

Vocabulary

1. Read, listen and repeat.Check the new words with your teacher.

Suffixes
Unit 2|Phonics

Suffixes are added to the end of a word. They can change how the word is used
in a sentence
Prefixes Meaning Examples
-ful “full of” joyful

-ly “in a certain way” quickly

-less “without” careles

-ment “the act of” enjoyment

-able “able to be” washable

-ness “the state of” kindness

-tion “the act or process” creation

-er- “a person who” teacher

-ist “a person who specializes in” artist

-ing “doing something” painting

68
 Scan me

Lesson 6 | Af fixes: Suf fixes

Listening and Reading

1. Listen and read the passage below. Then, underline the suffixes in the words.

Emma’s Artistic Dream

Unit 2|Phonics
Emma loved art and wanted to be an artist. quickly but never in a careless way. Her goal
She spent hours painting and creating. Each was to make washable designs for kids’ clothes.
creation brought her joyful feelings. Her She believed her hard work would bring great
teacher, Mr. Brown, often praised her for being enjoyment to others. Emma was proud to be
so kind and full of kindness. Emma worked an artist!

a ) joyful e ) creation
b ) quickly f   ) teacher
c ) careless g ) artist
d ) enjoyment h ) painting

2. Match the suffixes with their meaning.

Suf fixes: Meanings:

a ) -ful in a certain way

b ) -ly full of
c ) -less the act or process
d ) -ment without
e ) -tion the act of

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 Lesson 6 | Af fixes: Suf fixes
Exercises

3. Read the words and write the letter of the suffix in its corresponding picture.

a ) crea
Unit 2|Phonics

b ) art
c ) joy
d ) teach
e ) kind
f ) care
g ) paint
h ) quick
i ) wash
j )enjoy

d
Sonora lan
3. Say the words out loud. Write a sentence using 5 of the new words
you completed.
The Yaqui Deer
a ) Dance in Sonora,
Mexico, is a way
b ) to honor the deer
and show respect
c )
for nature.
d )
e )

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Additional Materials Material Digital

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Digital Workbook Spelling Bee

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71
 References
Alevizos, K., et al. (n.d.) Gold Experience 2e A2 Student’s eBook with Online Practice Access
code. Pearson.

Cambridge University Press. (n.d.). English Language For Cambridge International AS & A Level
Second edition.

Doff, A., Thaine, C., et al. (2024). American Empower Elementary/A2 Student’s Book. Cambridge
University Press.

Education.com (2024). Printable 6th Grade Reading & Writing Worksheets | Education.com

Issuu. (2024) Voyages in English 2018, Student Edition, Grade 6. Loyola Press.

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