김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

4#G 4.

졸리거나 주의가 산만한 운전자들이 자신의 차선을 벗어나 돌아다니는 것은 흔한 일이다.

It is common for drowsy or distracted drivers to w ander out of their lane.
[ 순서배열 + 어형변화 ]
[ or / out of their lane/ drivers / is /common / for / drowsy /wander / distract / to /it
/ ]

This can result in/ from the driver’s crashing into something.

One way to provide/ prevent such incidents is [ installing / to install ] rumble strips, or series
of grooves in the pavement. * 둘 다 됨

요철을 지나가는 것은 낮은 덜컹거리는 소리나 웅웅 거리는 소리를 내게 하고 핸들이 진동하게 한다.

Go/ Going over a rumble strip [ make /makes ] a low rumble or buzz and cause/ causes the
steering wheel [vibrated /to vibrate ]
[ 어형변형 ]
[ a low rumble or buzz / the steer wheel /and /a rumble strip / go over / make / vibrate
/ / cause /to ]

운전자는 차선으로 되돌아갈 충분한 시간과 함께 일어날 가능성이 높다

The driver is likely/ unlikely to wake up with [ time enough/enough time] to steer back into the

lane.

[ 어형변형 ]
[ / back / wake up / enough / be likely to / time / the lane / to / steer /the driver /
into / with ]

======================================================================================
[ 요지 ] 어형변형 ]
Installing a rumble strip or a series of grooves on the road helps drowsy drivers avoid
accidents

[ accidents/ drowsy drivers / or a series of grooves /avoid /a rumble strip / on the road /
help / install ]

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김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

#G 5

산세베리아라고 불리는 식물이 공기의 질을 향상시키는 데 탁월하다고 말했다

One study by NASA [ to find / finding ] a way [ to clean / cleaning ] the air in space stations
[ suggested / suggesting ] a plant called Sansevieria being/ is excellent for improving air
quality.

[ 어형변화 ]
[ a plant / excellent / the air / call / is / for / improve / air quality/ Sansevieria
/ ]

그것은 잎사귀들을 통해 해로운 화학 물질을 흡수함으로써 그것들을 걸러내고 제거하는 능력을 가지고 있다.

It has the ability to filter out and remove harmful/ harmless chemicals by absorbing them/

themselves through its leaves.

[ 어형변형 ]
[ filter out / to / it / and / through / by / remove / absorb / them / the ability / its

leaves / harmful chemicals have ]

대부분의 식물들처럼 밤에 이산화탄소를 배출하기보다, 산세베리아는 그것을 흡수하고, 산소를 내보냄으로써

숨 쉴 신선한 공기를 생산한다.

[ Furthermore / Therefore/ In addition ], rather than releasing carbon dioxide at night like most
plants, Sansevieria taking/ takes it in, and produces fresh air to breath/ breathe by giving off
oxygen .
[ 어형변화 ]
[ take in / release / by / at night / like / Sansevieria / carbon dioxide / give off/ and / to
/ fresh air / it / breathe /most plants, / produce/ oxygen /rather than / ]

=======================================================================================
[ 제목 ] [ 본문 단어 어형변형 ]

Excellence of Sansevieria : a plant considered to improve air quality

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김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

#G 6
" 공유 경제는 “ 사업체들이 공유된 자원을 이용하는 것을 권장하며, 소비자가 필요로 하는 것이 무엇
이든 쉽게 이용할 수 있게 한다.

The “sharing economy” encourages businesses to take advantage/ disadvantage of shared resources,
allowing consumers to easily access/ assess whatever they need.

[ 어형변화 ] [ they / to / share / encourage / easily / to / consumers / access / whatever /

businesses / take advantage of / need / resources, / allow ]

Sharing goods has long been a practice within social networks, but it has become a way of making
money in certain countries.

공유 경제를 지지하는 일부 사람들은 이를 우리 사회가 점점 배려심이 깊어지고 있다는 조심이라고 주장

한다

Some who/ whose support the sharing economy claim it is a sign that/ what our society is
becoming more caring. [[ 어형변화 ]
[ some /is / support/ claim/ it / more caring/ a sign / that/ our society /is/ becoming /
the sharing economy / who ]

Others,[ thus / however ], say/ saying it’s simple common sense:

Difficult financial times are a good reason to reevaluate [ how do we deal with / how we
deal with ] our resources.

=====================================================================

[ 제목 ] 하나는 본문단어 / 하나는 어형변형

Two Perspectives on the Sharing Economy: A caring Society VS Reevaluation of how resources

are handled in difficult financial times

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김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

#4- 수능유형
Carol was new to the United States.
One of her friends called/ was called to invade/ invite Ⓐher to lunch.

ⒷShe offered [ picking / to pick ] [ her up / up her ] on the corner of 34th Street and Fifth Avenue
at 11:30 a.m.

Carol arrived/ was arrived a little early and was standing on the corner [wait /waiting] for Ⓒher friend
when she noticed/ was noticed a sign above her head/ ahead.

It said, “No Standing.” Carol didn’t know that/ what to do.

ⒹShe moved away from the sign and started [ walking / to walk ] back and forth on the street.
*둘 다 됨

그녀는 그녀의 친구가 도착하는 것을 보고 기뻐하며 서둘러 그녀의 차에 탔다

ⒺShe was happy to see her friend [ arrived /arrive ] and couldn’t wait to get into her car.
[ 순서배열 ] [ wait/couldn’t / get into/ to / / her car ]

그녀는 사람들이 그곳에 서 있으면 안 되기 때문에 그 모퉁이에서 만나기로 한 것은 좋지 않은 생각이었다

고 흥분해서 말했다

She excitedly explained [ that / what ] it was a bad idea to meet at that corner because people are
not allowed to stand there
[ 어형변형 ] [ 수동태에서 be 동 첨가 하는 것 도 어형변형 ]
[ / / allow / at that corner / meet / to / people / it / because / to / stand / there / a bad idea
/ not / was ]

Her friend said, “What are you talking about? Of course you can stand there.”

“No,” Ⓕshe said, “the sign says ‘No Standing’.” ⒼHer friend burst into laughter.

“That means we cannot park cars there, but we can stop picking up / to pick up passengers.”

============================================================================
* 같은 사람 끼리 묶으세요

B , C , G / A, D, E, F

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김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

# 4-1
A boy was working [ hard / hardly ] to pay for his education.

ⒶHungry , he stopped at a café, but he could only afford a glass of milk.

= As (Because ) he was hungry
* 밑 줄 친 Ⓐ를 부사절로 바꾸시오

[Therefore/ However ], the café’s owner bringing/ brought [ him a ham sandwich / a ham sandwich
to him ] as well. * 둘 다 맞음

When the boy said he [ hasn't ordered / hadn’t ordered] it, the man told him it was free.

Years later/ latter, the man became ill, and he 1) sent/ was sent to the hospital.

A specialist was calling / called in to examine him.

When the doctor entered/ entered into the room, a look of surprise [ across /crossed ] his face.

But he got to work and managed, with much difficulty, [ curing the man / to cure the man ]

Later/ Latter, the doctor asked the hospital to give/ giving him the patient’s bill before it was [
sending /sent ]

When the patient deceived/ received the bill, he expected the worst.

But Ⓑupon opening it , he was amazing/ amazed to see the words “ [ Paying / Paid ] in full with
a ham sandwich.”

*Ⓑ와 같은 뜻을 가진 부사절로 바꾸시오 As soon as he opened it

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김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 3강 수능유형독해 ~ 5강 지문 test

# 4-2
The famous composer Ludwig van Beethoven was once a great admirer of Napoleon.

그는 나폴레옹의 이름이 (악보의) 상단에 쓰인 아름다운 작품을 만들기까지 한 것이다

In fact, he [ had been intended/ had intended ] to dedicate his Third Symphony [ for / to ] the French

leader ; he went so far as to make a beautiful copy of the work with Napoleon’s name written at the

top .
[ 어형변화 ]

[ write / went / he / Napoleon’s name / so far as / of / at the top / with / make / the work /
to / a beautiful copy ]

However , he became [ angry / angrily ] when he [ heard / was heard ][ that / what ]

Napoleon had appointed [ him /himself] emperor of France.

( appoint )

Beethoven had believed that/ what Napoleon was a supporter of the of the people.

But he seemed/ was seemed more/ less like a tyrant when he declared that/ what he was now
the emperor.

[ Angry / Angrily ], he tore the title page of his symphony in half.

He then made a new copy and renaming/ renamed the symphony Eroica, [ meant / meaning ]
“heroic,” with the subtitle “to celebrate the memory of a great man.

=====================================================================================

[ 요지 ] [ 어형변형 ]

[ = declaration ]

Napoleon's appointment of himself as emperor made Beethoven think of him as a dictator, not
an advocate for the rights of the people.

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김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 3강 수능유형독해 ~ 5강 지문 test

#4-3
When Angela was young, she was always disappointing/ disappointed about her performance
despite/ though her efforts.
그녀의 엄마는 열심히 노력하는 것과 절대 포기하지 않는 것이 더욱 중요하다고 말하며

[ Whenever / Wherever ] she felt down, her mom encouraged her by saying that working hard/

hardly and never giving up [ is / are ] more important.

[어형변화] [ that / by / more/ work / hard/ and / be 동사 / give up / important / never

/ say ]

[ With / Without ] her mother’s encouragement , she [ remained / was remained / was remaining ]
positive / positively and [ tried doing / tried to do ] her best.

Many years later, Angela awarded/ was awarded a New Directions Fellowship, giving / given to most
promising young researchers.

The award was for her research on the importance of pass ion and persiste nce.

She wanted to share/ shape her achievement with her mom and [ express / expressed ] her gratitude.

Angela read her research paper to her mom.

그녀의 엄마가 명확히 이해하는지 확인하면서 조금 더 천천히 읽었다.

Her mom was over 80, and Ⓐshe read a bit slower 2) ensuring/ ensured her mom understood clearly.
[ 어형변화] [ understand / her mom / clearly / ensure / ]

* 밑줄 친 Ⓐshe / Ⓑshe Ⓒshe 누구인지 찾아 쓰시오 ?

Ⓐ : Angela Ⓑ : her mon Ⓒ : her mon

* keenly , closely , intently

Still, Ⓑshe seemed to be 3) listening/ listened [ intently / casually / keenly / closely ] , and when
Angela was [ doing /done], Ⓒshe nodded ,[ then smiling / and then smiled ]. “It turns out you were
right, mom.” Angela said. * 둘 다 됨
======================================================================

[ 제목 ] 본문 단어

Mom's Encouragement for Angela's Success

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김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 3강 수능유형독해 ~ 5강 지문 test

# 4-4
One day a teacher was introducing [ division to a group of boys / a group of boys divison ]

He said that/ what if three bananas were 4) giving/ given to three boys, each boy would get one
banana.

One of the [ boy / boys ] rose/ raised his hand and stood up.

“Sir,” he asked, “if zero bananas are given [ to / for ] zero people, will everyone still get a banana?”

The class laughed. The teacher scolding/ scolded the class [ of / for ] laughing.

He explained, “It might seem that each one should get a banana, but no! Mathematically, each would
get an [ infinite / finite ] number of [ banana / bananas ] !”

The class roared with laughter.

The boy who asking/ asked the [ intriguing / intrigued ] question was Indian mathematician Srinivasa
Ramanujan.

아이임에도 그는 많은 공책들을 채우며 복잡한 수학 문제를 연구하는 데 많은 시간을 보냈다

Even as a kid he spent lots of time working on complex math problems, filling many notebooks.

[ 어형변화]
[ fill / lots of time/ even /math / as / a kid / spend / work on / problems / many/ notebooks
/ he / complex ]

★His incredible curiosity and mathematical skill has contributed to develop/ developing and
expand/ expanding some of the best research in modern mathematics .

==================================================================================
[ 제목 ] 본문 단어

His qualities making him successful as a mathematician: curiosity and mathematical

skill

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김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 3강 수능유형독해 ~ 5강 지문 test

#4-5 동점이 되었다.

Two youth baseball teams were tied in the last inning.

1루에 주자가 나가 있고 투 아웃인 상황에서, 코치 중 한 명이 벤치에 있는 한 소년에게 주자와 교체하라고

신호를 보냈다.
With a runner on first base and two outs, one of the coaches 5) signaling/ signaled for a boy on the
bench to replace the runner. [ 순서배열 ]
[ the coaches/ replace / a runner / and / / one /of / on first base/ signaled / / a boy / on the
bench /two outs,/ to / the runner / with / for ]

* 밑줄 친 Ⓐ에서 어색한 것을 찾아 바르게 고치시오.

The boy [ hesitated / was hesitated ] Ⓐbecause of he knew how the game was important.

But he got up and walking/ walked to first base with great [ difficult / difficulty ].

See/ Seeing that/ what he had cerebral palsy, the crowd began to [ wonder / wander ] [ that / what
] the coach was [ doing / done ] .

* 밑줄 친Ⓑ he는 누구인지 찾아 쓰시오. the coach

Suddenly Ⓑhe gave the sign to steal second base , and the boy began
to run as fast as he could. [영작 ] 2루로 도루하라는 신호

그가 도루를 시도하리라고는 전혀 예상하지 못한 포수는 그에게 주의를 기울이지 않고 있었다.

The catcher, never expecting/ expected that/ what he would try to steal a base, wasn’t paying 6)

attention/ attraction to him.

[ 어형변형 ]

[ the catcher / , never / expect / that / he / would / try to / steal a base, / wasn’t / pay attention

to / him ]

His throw was too [ fate / late ], and the crowd cheered wildly.

==================================================
[ 제목 ] [본문 어형변형 ]

A coach's unexpected strategy

* It isn't over till the fat lady sings [ 끝날 때 까지 끝난 게 아니다 ]

* Security is mortal's chiefest enemy. [ 보안은 인간의 가장 주된 적이다./ 방심 하지 말아라 ]

- 108 -
김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 3강 수능유형독해 ~ 5강 지문 test

#4-6

An elderly carpenter was ready to retire.

He told / was told his boss of his plans to leave the house­building business to live a more/ less
leisurely life with his family.

He would miss the paycheck each week/ weeks, but he wanted to retire.

The boss was sorry [ seeing / to see ] his good worker [ to go / go] and [ asking/ asked [ if/ whether]
he could build just one more house as a personal favor.

The carpenter said yes, but over time [ this / it ] was [ hard / easy ] to see [ that / what ]his heart
was not in his work.

He used/ was used poor materials and didn’t put much time or effort into his last work.

It was an [ unfortunate / desirable / undesirable ] way to end his lifelong career.

When he finished his work, his boss came to check out the house.

Then he 7) handed/ was handed the front­door key to the worker and said, “This is your house, my
gift to you.”

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김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 3강 수능유형독해 ~ 5강 지문 test

#4-7
Dr. Evelyn Wrynk was the only neurosurgeon at Trinity Medical Center.

She had just finished operate/ operating at a neighboring hospital when Maria, the head nurse
at Trinity’s neuro intensive care unit, 8) calling/ called her with an emergency.

Wrynk attempted to drive back, but a snowstorm had blocked the roads.

다른 선택권이 없었기 때문에, 그녀는 눈 속에서 6마일을 걷기로 결심했다

See/ Seeing no other option, she decided to walk/ walking the six miles in the snow.

[어형변화 ]
[ / walk / the six miles / to / no other option, / see / in / the snow / she / decided]

그녀가 Trinity까지 가는 데 약 5시간이 걸릴 것이라고 예상했다. [ 영작 would / get to Trinity ]

She estimated that/ it would take her about fiv e hours to get to Trinity.

Hours later/ latter, she entered to / entered the hospital [ to ask / asking ] where/ which the
patient was. She talked/ was talked to the family and 9) went/ going straight to perform the
surgery.

그 수술이 아니었다면, 그 환자는 아마 죽었을 것이었다. [영작 : without / most likely / the surgery]

Without the surgery, the patient would have most likely died.

= if _______________________________________________________________

= had ________________________________________________________________

Maria said she had never seen anything like it.

But Wrynk’s actions didn’t surprise her.

“She’s on call about 330 days a year,” Maria 10) saying/ said.

Wrynk simply said, “I was just doing my job.”

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김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 3강 수능유형독해 ~ 5강 지문 test

==============================================================================

*Her strong professsional spirit saved a life

- 111 -
김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

#4-8
* 밑줄 친 Ⓐ 문장에서 어법상, 문맥상 어색한 것을 찾아 바르게 고치시오.

Ⓐ The flu vaccine is a rare way of us to avoid the flu.

그것은 백신에 있는 바이러스로부터 보호하는 항체가 체내에서 발달하게 한다.

It causes antibodies, which protect/ present for/ against the viruses in the vaccine, to develop
in the body.
[ 어형변형 ] [ 동원 앞에 to 붙이고, ~ ing 붙이는것도 어형변형 ]

[/ cause / to / protect/ develop / in the body / against / antibodies, / the viruses

/ in the vaccine, /, which / it ]

[ Though/ Despite ] there are various ways to manufacture [ it / them] , chicken eggs [ involved
in / are involved in ] the most common method.
* 둘 다 됨
The first step is [ identifying / to identify ] the flu virus [ that/ what ] will [ use / be used ]

After this is [ incorporated / isolated ] , Ⓐit [ injected/ is injected] into hen’s eggs, where/
which it can grow [ efficient/efficiently ]
밑줄친 Ⓐ it 지칭하는 것을 찾아쓰시오. the flu virus ( that will be used )

Then, manufacturers extract and [ purify / comtaminate ] it.

Next, they test the vaccine to make sure that/ what it is safe and effective.

Complete/ Completing this process [ take /takes ] many months because [ millions of does /
millions of doses] [ needed /are needed ]

After final quality checks on the vaccine, it is [ packaging / packaged ] and then
shipping/ shipped to clinics around the world.

=============================================================================
[ 제목 ] [ 본문 단어 ]
the process of manufaturing a flu vaccine through eggs

- 112 -
김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

======================================================================================
=
[ 요약 ] [ 본문 단어 ]

The process of manufacturing an egg-based flu vaccine is to identify and

isolate the flu virus to use, inject it into an egg, let it grow effectively, then

extract and purify it and test it for safety

- 113 -
김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

# 5강 – G4

Setenil de las Bodegas is a Spanish town knowing/ known by/ for its homes in rock caves.

그 마을은 몇몇 집들이 계속 자체의 바위벽 안에 지어진 채로 깊고 좁은 계속 안에 있다.

The town located/ is located in a deep, narrow valley, with some houses built into the rock

walls of

[ 어형변형 ] [ 수동태에서 be동사를 첨가 하는 것도 어형변형 ]

[ locate / build / some / the town / in a deep, narrow valley /with / the rock walls / into
/ of the valley/ it / houses ]

The town [ existed / existed / has existed ] since at least the 12th century, and possibly [
shorter / longer ].

There is evidence [ which/ that] similar societies in the area [ dates back /date back ] more than

25,000 years, and some researchers believe that/ what Setenil de las Bodegas was found/

founded [ very / even ] [ later / earlier ] .

- 114 -
김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

5- g5 .
More than 100 million poor people employed/ are employed by the coffee production industry.

기후 변화에 의해 현재 위협 받고 있는 중이다

Their jobs, [ however / accordingly ] , 11) is/ are currently being threatened by climate change.
[ 어형변화]
[ currently / threaten / by climate change ]

중앙 아메키타에서 날씨가 더 뜨거워 지면서 커피 녹병이라 불리는 나뭇잎 병이 퍼지고 있다.

As it gets [ hotter / colder] in Central America, a leaf disease [ calling / called ] coffee rust has

been spreading

[ 어형변형 ]
[ it /as / in Central America / get / spead / hot / coffee rust / a leaf / disease / call

/ ]

[ As a result / Fortunately ], Ⓐ coffee production [ has been dropped / has dropped ] by about
one-third in that region.

* 밑줄 친 Ⓐ 문장을 우리말로 해석하시오. 그 지역의 커피 생산량이 약 3분의 1 줄었다.

Ethiopia, a country [ where/ which ] 25% of the population [ depend on /depends on] the coffee
industry, [ facing / is facing ]a similar decline in production due to cl imate cha nge.

===================================================================================
[ 요약 ] [ 본문 단어 ]

Due to climate change , as it grows hotter , a leaf disease called coffee rust has
spread , which results in the coffee production industry being threatened

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김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

#5-g6

On Valentine’s Day, many people may show their love by giving someone a heart-shaped box of

chocolates.

Give/ Giving chocolate as a gift is an [ new / old ] tradition .

The first chocolate was in the form of beverages [ made/ making ] [ into / from / of ] cacao

beans.

* who were respected /respected

The Maya and Aztecs gave these drinks [ for / to ] people [ who were respected / respecting /

who are respected / respected ] by community.

Sometimes they also offered/ suffered them to gods.

( add )

Ⓐ Adding other [ skills / ingredients ], Europeans began making/ made the solid

chocolates [ were used / used / which were used ] as gifts today.

* used / which were used

Ⓐ 의 분사구문을 부사절로 바꾸시오. As they( Europeans) added other ingredients

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김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

#5강 수능 유형 독해

When we don’t want to believe a certain claim, we ask [ us / ourselves ], “Must I believe it?”

*contrary / opposite/ contradictory

Then we search for [ contrary / opposite/ contradictory / supported / consisitent ] evidence,

and if we find a single reason to doubt/ trust the claim, we can miss/ dismiss the claim.

이것은 사람들이 도달하고 싶어 하는 결론에 도달하기 위해 사용하는 많은 요령을 보여준다

Psychologists now have numerous findings on “motivated reasoning ,” ★★ shows/ showing

the many tricks people use/ using to reach the conclusions they want to reach.

[ 어형변형 ]
[ the many tricks/ show / use / people / the conclusions / reach / to / reach / want / they

/ to / ]

실험 대상자들을 지능검사에서 자신이 낮은 점수를 받았다고 들었을 때, 그들은 지능검사의 타당도를 비판하
는 기사를 읽기로 선택한다.

When subjects are told that an intelligence test gave them a low score , they choose to read

articles criticize/ criticizing the validity of IQ tests .

[ 어형변형 ]
[ tell / that / criticize /choose / a low score/ an intelligence test / read / articles / they / to/
the validity of IQ tests / them / subjects/gave ]

과도한 카페인 섭취가 유방암에 걸릴 위험을 증대시키는 것과 관련이 있다고 보고한 (가상의 ) 과학 연구를
읽을 때, 커피를 많이 마시는 여성들은 카페인을 덜 섭취한 여성들보다 그 연구에서 더 많은 오류를 찾아낸
다.

When people read a (fictitious) scientific study [ reports / reporting ] heavy caffeine

consumption is 12) associating/ associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, women who
13) is/ are heavy coffee drinkers find 14) more/ less errors in the study than 15) do/ are less
caffeinated women.

[ 어형변형 ]
[ errors / in the study / who/ women / caffeinate / more/ associate / than / an increase
risk/ women / find / are / heavy coffee drinkers / heavy caffeine consumption / do / with
/ / of breast cancer / less ]

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김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

========================================================================
[요지 ] [ 그대로 배열 ]

if people want not to believe a claim , this motivates them to look for reasons to doubt
it
[ 그대로 배열 ]
[ people / reasons / doubt it / a claim / not / believe / motivates / this / them / to / look
for / to / to / want ]

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김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

# 5-1
한 번의 사건이 평생 생생하게 기억 될 때, 이것을 섬광 기억이라고 한다.

When a one-time event is remembered vivid/ vividly for a lifetime, it referred to as / is

referred to as a flashbulb memory.

[ 어형변형 ]

[ for a lifetime / a one-time event / when / refer to/ remember / it /vivid / as / a

flashbulb memory ]

These memories are usually relating/ related to historical events , such as a major disaster
or the assassination of a politician.

Many older Americans, [ accordingly / for example ] , remember [ exactly / inexactly ] that/
what they were doing when they heard of President Kennedy’s death.

[ A few / Few ] of them/ whom, [ however / moreover ] , [ has detailed /have detailed]
memories of those days before or after the assassination.

Flashbulb memories can also involve/ revolve traumatic personal events , such as the
death of a family member.

[ That / What ] [ make / makes ] these memories [ different / differently ] from our everyday
experiences?
[=stimulation ]
The answer 16) being/ is the level of emotional arousal that Ⓐthey cause.
* 밑줄 친 Ⓐthey 가 지칭 하는 것을 찾아써
라

나중에 우리가 이런 사건을 다른 사람과 논할 때 그에 대한 기억은 훨씬 더 선명해진다.

17) Discuss/ Discussing these events with others later on, we cause our memories of them 18) to
become/ becoming even sharper.
[ 어형변화 ] [ later on / with/ others / become/ these events / we / our memories of them/
to/even /discuss / cause / sharp ]

Ⓠ 우리의 일상경험과 다르게 무엇이 섬광기억( =한번의 사건이 평생 생생하게 기억 남 )을 만드는지 우리

말로 서술하시오.
(그 기억 [ 역사적 사건이나, 충격적인 개인적 사건 ] 이 일으키는 정서적 환기[ 자극] 의 정도가 커서 그날에
있었던 기억의 정확히 기억한다. )

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김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

==================================================================================

[ 요지 ] [ 본문 단어 ]
we remember an event vividly for the rest of our lives due to the emotional arousal
caused by a historical event or a traumatic personal event , which is
called a flashbulb memory .

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김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

# 5-2

Ernest Shackleton led an expedition to Antarctica in 1914, during/ while Vilhjalmur Stefansson
led an expedition [ heading / headed ] to the Arctic in 1913.

In both cases, the expedition’s ship became trapping/ trapped in ice, but the two situations had

very different [ causes/outcomes] Stefansson’s main goal was success , and he considered

the well-being of his crew to be secondary.

그는 대원들의 안위를 이차적인 것으로 생각했다 [순서배열]

[ his crew/ considered /he /be /the well-being / of / to / secondary ]

그의 지지 없이, 대원들은 식량 부족에 직면하게 되자 겁에 질려 싸우기 시작했다.

With/ Without his support/ report, his crew panicked and began to fight when facing/ faced

food shortages.

[ 어형변형 ]

[ panicked / his support / his crew / and / to / fight / when / without / food shortages

/ face / began ]

그것은 많은 대원들이 죽으며 비극으로 끝났다.

It ended in tragedy, with many of the crew members dying/ dyeing.

[ 어형변화 ]
[ of the crew members/ it /tragedy / in / with / many/ die / ended ]

Shackleton, [ similarly / however ], cared deeply about the dignity of his crew .

He gave away his gloves and [ volunteered / was volunteered ] to stray/ stay up all night on
guard duty.

His sacrifices inspired his crew, and, as a result, they all survived .

=====================================================================================

요약 [ 본문 단어 ]
In the same situation where the expedition ship gets stuck in the ice, the difference in the way

the leader treats his crew ( one values success over the well-being of his crew, while the

other care about their dignity ) results in different outcomes

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김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

# 5-3

In Ontario, there is an old-growth forest 19) near/ nearly Temagami.

Some people want to cut down the trees for lumber.

Others want to keep it as it is 있는 그대로 <영작>:

( must / pretect )

they believe/ are believed it is [ unique /common ] and must be protected for coming

generations.

Many people are somewhere in the middle, want / wanting some use and some protection.

대부분의 사람들은 우리의 자원을 현명하게 사용하는 것에 찬성한다.

Most people are in favor of using our resources wisely.

[ 어형변형 ]
[ in favor of / most / are / wise /people / our resources / use / ]

그들은 우리의 자원을 지속 가능하게 하는 관행을 선호한다.

They 20) refer/ prefer practices that make our resources sustainable.
[ 순서배열 ] sustainable/ prefer / make / our resources / practices / they / that ]

That is , ★ we should use our resources wisely now and we will still have more for the future.

우리는 모두 환경을 돌볼 책임이 있다. [ 영작 ] [ be responsible for / look after ]

We are all 21) responsible/ irresponsible for looking after the environment.

We can learn from First Nations’ people who have long known the importance of preserving
the environment for future generations .

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김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

당신이 물려받았고 지금 더불어 살아가고 있는 것이 미래 세대의 유산이 될 것이다.

22) That/ What you inherited and live with will become the inheritance of future generations.

[ 순서배열 + 관계대명사 하나 추가 ] will / the inheritance / you / with /and / live / become /
inherited/ of / future generations / ]

================================================================================‘
[ 요지 ] 본문 단어 어형변형

For future generations, we have a responsibility for passing on resources to them,

using our resources sustainably

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김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

#5-4.

지오데식 돔은 구의 반쪽과 같은 모양을 하고 삼각형들로 구성된 구조물이다.

A geodesic dome is a structure shaped 23) like/ alike half of a sphere and composed of triangles.
[ 어형변화 ]
[ half of / is / compose of / shape / a structure / a sphere / and / like/ triangles ]

삼각형이 안정적인 모양이기 때문에 이 연결된 모양들은 스스로를 지탱하기에 충분히 튼튼한 뼈대를 형성한
다.

These linked shapes form a framework [ that / wahis strong enough to support [ it / itself ] as
triangles are stable shapes.
[ 어형변형 ]
[ link / a framework / shapes/ form / strong / shapes / support / triangles / that / to
/ it / as / are / these/ stable / enough ]

The structure is also more/ less efficient than an ordinary building.

It is [ vulnerable/ invulnerable] to [ several /severe ] weather, such as wind or heavy snow,

thanks to its/ it's sturdiness

또한, 그것은 전통적인 건물보다 표면적이 더 적어, 같은 바닥 면적을 더 적은 건축 자재로 둘러싼다.

Also, it has less surface area than a traditional building, 24) enclose/ enclosing the same floor
space with less building material. [어형변화 ]
[/ has / with/ / enclose / than / a traditional building, /less / the same / building material /
less/ it / surface area / floor space ]

더 적은 표면적은 또한 외부 온도에 대한 노출을 감소시켜서, 건물을 인위적으로 냉방하고 난방하는 데 더

저렴하게 한다

The smaller surface area also reduces/ induces exposure to outside temperatures, making/
made the building cheaper to cool and heat artificially. [ 어형변화 ]
[ cool/ the building / cheap /heat / make / to / and / artificially ]

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김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

Use/ Using [ prefabricated / prefabricated ] components, people can construct a geodesic dome
[ quickly / slowly ] without heavy construction equipment.

이러한 요인들이 지오데식 돔을 여러 종류의 건설에 매력적으로 만든다.

These factors 25) make/ making geodesic domes appealing for many kinds of construction.
[ 어형변화 ] [ construction / make/ geodesic domes / these factors / for / many kinds of
/appeal ]

====================================================================================
[ 요약 ] [ 본문 단어 ]

the appearing factors of Geodesic dome : stable structure composed of

triangles leads to strong framework and invulnerable to extreme weather, and
the less surface of geodesic dome contribute to cheaper cost of temperature

control , and fast construction can result from using prefabricated parts

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김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

#5-5
“The Train of Hope” is the nickname of the Phelophepa Health Train, a mobile hospital [ that /
what ] has been providing health care in South Africa since 1994.
( provide )

( help )
It [ consists of / is consisted of ]18 train cars and has helped [ near/ nearly ]six million
people, many of 26) them/ whom living in poor rural areas.

* 빈칸에 들어갈 수 있는 것을 모두 고르시오. 1 / 3 / 5

① many of them living in poor rural areas. ② and many of whom live in poor rural areas.

③ many of whom live in poor rural areas. ④ many of which live in poor rural areas.
⑤ and many of them live in poor rural areas.

For some, a visit from the train is their first encounter with modern health services.

★The medical professionals on the train [ treat/treats ] illnesses, provide/ provides health
education, and encourage people to live/ living a healthy lifestyle.

Checkups are free, and any medicine requiring/ required costs / cost less than a dollar.

Before [ moved / moving ] on to the next stop, the train’s staff contacts doctors at local
hospitals to ensure that/ what patients with serious illnesses [ continues / continue ] to
receive/ deceive the proper treatment.

=================================================================================
[ 제목 ]
(= care )
a mobile hopsital that has provide health services South Africa since 1994

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김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

● 시험 볼 때 내용일치 문제 true & false를 공개 하겠습니다.

1. The Hope Train, nicknamed Pelopa, is a mobile hospital that has been providing medical
services to South Africa since 1994 [ T / F ] F

2. This medical train provided both medical care and medical education [ T / F ] T

3 . Any Checkups provided on this train cost less than a dollar [ T / F ] F

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김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

#5-6
Some species use alarm calls to share information about potential predators .

그들이 더욱 성숙해지면서 그들의 경계 신호는 탐지되어온 포식자의 특성에 대해 매우 구체적인 정보를 전달

하는 것 같다

Their alarm calls seem/ are seemed to convey very specific information about the nature/
nurture of the predator that has been detected/ devoted as they become more mature.

[ 어형변화 ]
[ more / their alarm calls / information / to / very / that / specific / convey / about / the
predator / detect / become /seem / as / they / mature /the nature of]

When a young vervet monkey spots a bird in the sky above it,[ which/ it ] will give an alarm
call.

In this case a sort of “cough-cough” noise.

At this stage, the call appears/ disappears to be an [ innate / acquired ] possible-danger-above

signal because Ⓐit is giving/ given as a response to any large flying object, dangerous or
otherwise.

*밑줄 친 Ⓐit 가 지칭 하는 것 ? the call ( “cough-cough” noise )

원숭이가 성인이 되어가면서 신호를 유발할 자극의 범위가 좁아진다

But as the monkey matures, the range of stimuli that will trigger the call narrows.

[ 어형변화 ]
[ trigger/ will / mature, / of stimuli / the call / narrow / that / as / the range /
the monkey ]

이 경계 신호의 사용은 위쪽 하늘에 독수리가 보이는 그런 상황에 제한될 것이다.

Eventually the use of this alarm call will be restricting/ restricted to those situations/
simulations [ which /when] an eagle is spotted in the skies above.
[ 어형변형 ]
[/ those situations/ will / an eagle / the use of / in the skies / to / restrict / when / spot
/ above / this alarm call]

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김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

= as soon as they hear the call * 밑줄 친 Ⓐ를 부사절로 바꾸시오.

ⒶUpon hearing the call the members of the group will scan the sky to locate the threat and
then make/ making a dash for the curve/ cover [ is provided/provided ] by dense vegetation.

====================================================================================
[ 요지 ] 본문 단어

As some species mature , their alarm calls carry more specific information about
potential predators.

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김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

#5-7
We can clearly see Newton’s laws of motion at work in a tug-of-war.

★ If both sides pull/ pulling with equal power, the rope will not accelerate in [ other /either ]
direction.

This illustrates Newton’s first law.

[ Accordingly / However ], ★if one side pulls harder, the rope begins to move.

This leads to his second law.

The side loses/ losing ground must [ increase / decrease ] its force.

★ If it uses [ more force than the other side / as much force as the other side], the rope will
[ continue / stop ] to move/ moving ; if it maintains a [ smaller/higher] level of force, the
rope will move in its/ it's direction.

★As for Newton’s third law, you can feel the rope [ tried to /trying to ] move you.

To provide/ prevent this, you dig your feet into the ground.

The ground pushes back, help/ helping you resist/ insist the rope’s pull.

================================================================================
====[ True of false ]

1. In a tug-of-war, if you pull harder than one side or the other, the string moves
toward the hard pull, which shows Newton's first law [ T / F ]

2. In a tug-of-war, the more you pull the string, the more you feel the force of the
rope that pulls you, which shows Newton's second law [ T / F ]

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김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

#5-8
놀랍게도 반딧불이가 ‘불을 밝힐 수 있게’ 하는 화학 물질은 오염된 식품을 선별하기 위해 사용된다.
Surprisingly, the chemicals that allow fireflies to “light up” 27) used/ are used to 28) identify/
identifying contaminated food.
[ 어형변화 ]
[ use / that / the chemicals/“light up” / are / to / allow / food / to / contaminate /
identify / fireflies ]

반딧불이 발광효소와 발광소는 ATP를 감지 할수 있는데, 이것은 살모넬라처럼 위험한 미생물을 포함하여 모
든 생물체에서 발견되는 화합물이다.

Firefly luciferase and luciferin can detect/ direct ATP, which [ are / is ] a compound found/

founded in all living creatures, including/ concluding dangerous microbes such as salmonella.

[ 어형변형 ]
[ can / , which / detect / find / salmonella / ATP/ / is / microbes / dangerous / include

/ such as / a compound / in all living creatures,]

이 화학 물질을 식품에 첨가하는 것은 미생물 속 ATP가 빛을 뿜어내게 한다.

Add/ Adding these chemicals to food causes the ATP in microbes 29) to produce/ producing
light.
[ 어형변화 ]
[ produce/ food / add / in microbes / to / these chemicals / cause / the ATP / to/ light ]

ATP가 더 많이 있을수록, 더 밝은 빛이 난다. [ 영작 / the 비교급 ~ the 비교급 구문 이용 / present /

bright]
The more ATP present, the brighter the light will be.

This means that/ what even the degree of contamination [ can determined /can be determined
]

* 둘다 됨
In the 1960s, the food industry began [ to employ / employing ] this method, [ using / used ] [
sensitive / sensible ] instruments to measure the amount of [ producing / produced ] light.

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김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

현재 천연 물질이 합성 물질로 대체되었지만, 이 검사는 식품 안전을 보장하기 위해 여전히 널리 사용되고 있

다.
Although/ Despite the 30) natural/ artificial substances [ have now replaced /have now been
replaced] by artificial [ one/ones], this test is still widely used to 31) guarantee/ guaranteeing
food safety.
[어형변화 ]
[ substances / the natural / widely / have now replaced / by /guarantee /artificial / ones /
this test / be used to / still /food safety / although ]

=======================================================================================

[ 제목 ] [ 본문 단어 ]

A prevailing method which guarantees food safety using the natural

chemicals of fireflies
(=substances )

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김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

#8강 g4.
일기를 쓰는 것은 단순히 당신이 가지고 있는 어떤 생각이든지 글로 옮기는 행위이다.

Keeping a journal is simply the act of putting 32) what/ whatever thoughts you 33) have/ behave into

writing.

[ 어형변화 ]

[ into / a journal / thoughts / simply / have / put / the act of / whatever / you / keep / is / write

It’s similar to 34) have/ having a long conversation with [ you / yourself ]

You simply relax and write down [ that / what] you are feeling and [ that / what ] is 35) bothering/

bothered you.

부정적인 감정에 대해서 쓰는 것은 당신의 삶에 대해 보다 나은 견해를 갖도록 도울 수 있다.

Write/ Writing about negative feelings can help you 36) get/ getting a 37) better/ worse perspective on

your life.

[ 어형변형 ]

[ feelings / a good perspective / help / can / on your life / you / get / negative / write about

/ ]

긍정적인 것에 대해서 쓰는 것은 당신이 보다 자신감을 느끼며 당신의 주변에서 일어나고 있는 일을 통제한다고 느끼

게 해 줄 수 있다

[ on the other hand / in other words ] , Writing about 38) positive/ negative things can make

you feel more confident and in control of what is 39) happening/ happened around you.

. [ 어형변화 ]
[ feel / about / in control of / positive / can / you / more / happen / things / make / what

/ is / confident/ around / you / write / and ]

=================================================================

[ 요약 ] 본문 단어

It is in our interest to keep a diary. As writing about the positive brings confidence and control
over life, and writing about the negative brings a better perspective of life

- 133 -
김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

#5.
Sports psychology is a type of psychology that [ analyze / analyzes ] the 40) affects/ effects of sports

on athletes.

★ It [ can also use / can also be used ] to improve/ improving athletic performance.

스포츠 심리학자들은 운동을 전문적으로 하는 사람들은 그저 건강한 신체만이 아니라 건강한 정신도 필요
하다고 믿는다

Sports psychologists believe that people who(=that ) play sports professionally need healthy minds

, not just healthy bodies.

[ 알맞은 관계대명사 추가 / 어형변형 ] [ health / professional / minds / play / sports / need /

people/ ]

선수가 경기 전에 자주 경험하는 불안감을 줄임으로써 심리학자들은 그들이 성공 하도록 도울 수 있다

By reducing the anxiety athletes often experience before events, the psychologists can help

them 41) succeed/ succeeding.

[ 어형변형 ]

[ help / experience / reduce / the psychologists / athletes / before / events, / often / by / can

/ them / the anxiety / succeed ]

* 둘 다 맞음

Sports psychologists also talk with athletes about everyday problems [ that / which ] they face and

[ is given / give ] 42) them/ themselves 43) advice/ advise on how to relax and focus.

EXTRA qQ [ 본문 단어 ]
Sport psychologists think athletes need not only healthy bodies but also healthy mind

- 134 -
김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

#6.
적절히 한 사과는 강력한 도구가 될 수 있지만, 사람들은 자주 부정확하게 사과한다

Although an apology that is given properly can be a powerful tool, people often apologize incorrectly.

[ 어형변형 ] [ 수동태에서 be 동사 첨가도 어형변형 ]

[give / an apology / incorrect/ often / although / apologize / properly / can be / people / that /

a powerful tool, ]

A common problem is 44) that/ what they talk about [ them / themselves]

[ So / But ] ★the focus of a good apology should be the place 45) [ where/ which / to which ] it [

belongs / is belonged ] — [ other / the other ] person.

상대방이 느끼는 방식, 상대방이 상처 받은 방식, 그리고 상대방이 당신에게서 원하는 것에 집중함으로써

당신은 용납되고 인정받는 사과를 할 수 있을 것이다.

By concentrating on [ what/ how ] the other person feels, on [ what / how ] the other person 46) hurt/

was hurt, and on [ what / how ] the other person wants from you, you’ll be 47) able/ unable to give

an apology that is [ both accepting and appreciating / both accepted and appreciated ]

[ 어형변형 ]

[ be able to / want / concentrate on / from / you, / the other person / feel / on / how /

/ hurt / and / on / an apology / accept / what / the other person / by / appreciate / you’ll

/ give / / that / both ~ and / how / and / the other person ]

================================================================

[ 요약 ] 본문 단어

An accepted and appreciated apology should focus on the other person to whom

it belongs

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김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 더 상승 8강 수능유형 독해 ~ 10강 지문 테스트

#8강 수능유형 * intentional / deliberate

Some people make [ little / few ] [ intentional / deliberate / accidental ] changes in life.

Sure, over time they may 48) get/ have gotten fatter, gather lines, and go gray.

[ So / But ] they wear their hair the same way, buy the same brand of shoes, eat the same breakfast,

and stick/ strike to routines for no reason other than the ease of a comfortable, predictable/

unpredictable life.

[ So / Yet ] as both research [ or / and ] real life show, many others do [ making / make ] important

changes.

They train for marathons, quit 49) smoking/ to smoke, switch fields, write plays, [ take up / taking up

] the guitar, or learn to tango even if they never [ dance / danced ] before in their lives.

What [ the difference is / is the difference ] between these two groups of people?

★It’s their 50) perspective

★People who change [ does not / do not ] question 51) that/ whether change is possible or look for

reasons they cannot change.

They simply decide [in / on ] a change

그들은 그저 자신이 원하는 변화를 결정하고 그것을 성취하는 데 필요한 것을 한다.

they want and do what is necessary to accomplish it.

[ 순서배열 ] [ it / what / do / necessary / is / to /accomplish ]

hange/ Changing, which always stems from a firm decision, 52) becomes/ becoming job number one.

항상 확고한 결심에서 생겨나는 변화가 최우선이 된다. [ 어형변화 ]

[ job number one/ change, / which / a firm decision,/ stem from / / become /always ]

=============================================================
* 본문 내용과 일치하게 빈칸을 채우세요 [ 본문 단어 ]

For those who intend to make changes deliberately, changes that come with firm
determination are the top priority

- 136 -
김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 더 상승 8강 수능유형 독해 ~ 10강 지문 테스트

===============================================================
[ 요약 ]

Just because of the comfort of life and the ease of predictable life, some people deliberately try
not to change But most people try to make changes with firm determination, which lies in
differences in their perspective on life

*deliberate = intentional =purpose

* perspective = view

- 137 -
김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

#8-1

Any type of rejection [ is hurt / hurts ], often more than we 53) expected/ were expected it to.

A scientific experiment suggests ★that/ what our brains are made [ feeling / to feel ] this way.

Test participants 54) asked/ were asked 55) to recall/ recalling a recent rejection Ⓐwhile [ lying/ laying

] in an MRI scanner.

= 밑줄 친 Ⓐ를 절로 바꾸시오 = while they lay in an MRI scanner

★Surprisingly, activity detected/ was detected in the same part of the brain [ which / where] physical

pain experienced/ is experienced.

Evolutionary psychologists believe that this dates back to a time [ which / when ] humans lived in

small, nomadic tribes.

If they were kicking/ kicked out of their group, these early humans faced an increased chance of [

survival / death. ]

[ In other words / Therefore ] , the brain 56) developed/ were developed feelings of rejection, [ what

/which ] [ served /were served ] as a kind of warning sign.

When early humans felt the pain of rejection, they knew they had to 57) change/ charm their behavior.

★★ This [ reduced / increased ] their chances of [ remaining tribe / remaining with the tribe] and

survive / surviving.

================================================================
[ 요지 ]

From an evolutionary point of view, we feel rejection like physical pain because we evolved
the feeling of rejection as a warning sign.

- 138 -
김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

#8-2.

One common formation of [ migrating / migrated ] birds [ is/ are ] the V-shape, which is [ the
most / most ] [common / commonly ] [ using / used ] by geese.

이 패턴은 비행 효율을 증대시켜, 새들이 더 적은 에너지를 쏟게 한다.

This pattern increases flight efficiency, 58) allowing/ allowed birds 59) to expend/ expending less energy.

[ 어형변화 ]

[ less /allow / this pattern /energy / increases / expend / flight efficiency, / birds / to ]

This is essential for birds that fly [ short / long ] distances.

One reason[ why / for which / that / in which ] this formation helps them [ conserve/ expend ]

energy is [ that/ what ] each bird [ fly / flies ] at a slightly different [ attitude/ altitude. ]

★This difference allows each [ benefit / to benefit ] from the upwash of air from the wings of the

bird in front of [ them/ it ]

★This [ increases / reduces ] the amount of resistance that/ what the bird experiences.

다른 새 뒤에 있는 모든 새는 이 (저항력) 감소를 경험하지만,

Every bird that [are/ is ] behind another [ experience /experiences] this reduction ,but

the lead bird [ is not / does not ]. [ 어형변화 ]

[ bird / this reduction/ be동사 / another / every / behind /that / experience ]

그 새가 피곤해지면 뒤로 이동하고 다른 새가 그 자리를 맡는다.

[ In other words / Therefore ], when it gets tired, it moves to the back, with another bird 60)

taking/ taken its place.

[ 어형변화 ]

[ another/ it / take/ tire,/ it / place / move / when / to / with / get / bird / the back, / its ]

- 139 -
김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

==============================================================

[ 요지 ] [ 그대로 배열 ]

It is the V-shape that makes migratory birds use less energy , reducing their resistance

[ less energy/ that / their resistance / migratory birds / use / makes / , reducing / the V-shape

- 140 -
김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

#8-3

Using/ Use a plastic pen and rub it on your hair about ten times and then 61) hold/ holding the pen

close to small pieces of tissue paper or chalk dust.

You will find 62) that/ what the 63) bits/ orbits of paper or chalk dust cling to the pen.

여러분이 거기서 한 것은 정전기라고 불리는 전기의 한 형태를 만든 것이다

That/ What you 64) have done/ have been done there is to create a form of electricity 65) calling/

called static electricity. [ 어형변화]

[ there / you /static electricity / have/ is / create / electricity / called / what / to / a form of
/ done]

This kind of electricity 66) produced/ is produced by friction , and the pen becomes electrically

charged.

Static electricity is also 67) found/ founded in the atmosphere .

During/ While a thunderstorm, clouds may become charging/ charged as they rub against each other.

The lightning [ where / that ] we often see during/ while a storm caused/ is caused by a large flow

of electrical charges between [ charging / charged ]clouds and the earth.

============================================================
[ 요약] [ 본문 단어 ]
Static electricity is created by friction , and you can also see static electricity in the atmosphere

, where clouds rub against each other during a storm ,which generates electrical charges

that flow to ground, resulting in the lightning

- 141 -
김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

#8-4.
A product’s brand has become so important to consumers these days 68) that/ what it has caused a

change in the supply chain.

Brands have moved into the dominant position rather than manufacturers.

These brands 69) explain/ explaining to the manufacturers exactly 70) that/ what product they need.

They also require them 71) to make/ making large quantities of the product in a short amount of time.

If a manufacturer is unable to meet these demands, it will simply be 72) replacing/ replaced by [ other

/ another]

[ Fortunately / Unfortunately ] , this relationship [ benefits / harms ]many factory workers.

If a group of workers demands 73) better/ worse working conditions and higher wages, the

manufacturers move their factories to countries 74) where/ which costs are lower.

★★The reason why manufacturers do [ this is / is ] that they fear they can’t keep their contracts with

powerful/ powerless brands [ if / unless ] they cut costs.

( repair )

Therefore, they just [ uppay / underpay ] their workers and leave old facilities unrepaired.

===============================================================
[ 요지 ] 본문 단어

The adverse impact on the supply chain as brands become more dominant than
manufacturers

- 142 -
김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

*pr
# 8-5.

Lake Hillier in Australia is a lake which/ whose water looks solid pink from a distance.

Come closer, [ or / and ] you will see that/ what the lake is a milky pink.

Scientists can 75) explain/ be explained the colors of nearby Pink Lake and Senegal’s Lake Retba but

not Lake Hillier’s color.

Some say it is [ because / because of] salt.

[ other lakes / The other lakes ] have salty water, which/ what [ host /hosts] pink bacteria and algae.

These turn the water pink. But these lakes change color according to the temperature, [ like / unlike

] Lake Hillier, which/ what keeps its color all year.

Even in a bottle, the water [ is remained / remains ] pink.

[ 영작 / the cause ] 그 원인이 무엇이라 할지라도

Whatever the cause is, , the color doesn’t mean the lake 76) being/ is dangerous.

But the lake is only [ assessable / accessible] to researchers, so it is impossible 77) of/ for tourists to

visit it.

================================================================
[ True of false ]
* 윗글에 따르면 다른 호수는 [ Pink Lake and Senegal's Lake Retba ]는 무엇에 따라 색이 변화는가?

* 윗글에 따르면, Lake Hillier 는 1년 내내 무슨 색인가?

* Tourists can visit Lake Hillier because the color of the lake doesn't mean it's dangerous . [ T/ F
]

* Scientists have discovered why Lake Hillier is pink. [ T / F ]

- 143 -
김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

#8- 6
어느 누구든 내릴 수 있는 가장 필수적인 선택 중 하나는 시간을 어떻게 투자하느냐이다.

One of the most essential decisions any of us can make is how we 78) invest/ invite our time.

[ 어형변화]
[ any of us / how/ invest / decision /one of / can/ make / is /the most essential / we / our time
]

Of course,[ what / how ] we invest time is not our [ alone decision / decision alone ] to make.

★Many factors determine that/ what we should do either/ neither because we are members of the

human race , or because we 79) belong/ belong to a certain culture and society.

[ Nevertheless / unfortunately ] , ★★there is room for personal choice , and control/ be

controlled over time is to a certain extent [ our hands / in our hands ].

Even in the most/ almost oppressive decades of the Industrial Revolution, people didn’t give up their

free will when it came to time.

During/ While this period, people working/ worked for more than eighty hours a week in factories.

하지만 다수를 따라 술집에 가는 대신, 자신들의 얼마 안 되는 소중한 자유 시간을 독서나 정치 참여에 사

용하는 일부의 사람들도 있었다
[ So / But ] there were some who spent/ was spent their few precious free hours reading/ to read

books or getting involved in politics

instead of following the majority into the pubs.

. [어형변화 ]

- 144 -
김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

[ politics / were / into / follow / their few precious / spend / read / or / involve in / books / get
/ there / the majority / who / free hours / some / instead of / the pubs ]

===================================================================
[ 요약 ] 본문 단어

Although the way to invest time is not a decision to be made alone because it is a

member of humanity and belongs to a specific culture and society , there is room

for personal choice

- 145 -
김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

#8- 7

The rivalry between two Spanish soccer teams, FC Barcelona and Real Madrid, is/ are enjoyed by

fans around the world.

[ So / But ] their rivalry [ date / dates ] back [ farther / further ] than you might think.

Ⓐ It [ went / goes ] back to 1469, [ where / which / when ] many lands [ united / were united ] by

Castilla to form the Spanish Empire

* Ⓐ It 가 지칭 하는 것을 찾아 쓰시오 their rivalry

[ However / Therefore ] , the fiercely dependent/ independent people of Catalonia [ liked / disliked

] the empire and longed for [ independence / unification ].

These feelings led to a soccer match between FC Barcelona from Catalonia and FC Madrid from

Castilla.

‘왕실의’ 라는 의미의 ‘Real’이라는 타이틀이 FC 마드리드에게 주어졌는데 이는 카탈루냐인들을 매우

화나게 만들었다.
Later, “Real,” a title what means “royal,” was given to FC Madrid , [ what / which ] made/ making

the Catalonians very [ angry / angrily ].

[ 어형변형 ]

[ gave / made / a title / that / , which / “royal,” / the Catalonians / “real,” / angry / to / very

/ mean / FC Madrid]

매 경기가 감정이 넘치는 과열된 전투 같다.

Today, the competition between FC Barcelona and Real Madrid [ stops / continues ], and each game

is an overheated battle 80) filling/ filled with emotion.

[어형변화 ]
[ an overheat battle / emotion / game / is / each / fill with / ]

It is about more than who wins or loses — it is a matter of regional pride.

=================================================================

[ 요지 ] [ 본문단어 ] [=competition ]

The rivalry between Real Madri and FC Barcelona is not simply a matter of winning and losing

the game, but of regional pride due to their history

* supremacy, = dominance,= hegemony

- 146 -
김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

#8-8

The Luddites were laborers who worked in the English textile industry.

* 둘 다
★They [ demonstrated / protested ] when [ labor-saving / labor-saved ] machinery began [ to use /

to be used ] [ during/ while ] the Industrial Revolution.

[ Fearful / Fearfully ] that/ what they would lose their jobs to machines, they sent [ threatened /

threatening ] letters [ for / to ] their employers.

These letters [ singed / were signed ] by " General Ludd" who was the [ imaginative / imaginary ]

leader of their movement

Their strategy failed, [ therefore / however ].

그들은 공장에 침입해서 설치되어 있던 새 기계들을 부수기 시작했다.

[ As a result / For example ] , they started breaking into factories and destroy/ destroying the new

machines that [ had installed / had been installed]

[어형변형 ]

[ have installed / started / factories / and / break into / they / destroy /the new machines / that

/ ]

They destroyed/ were destroyed hundreds of machines in just three weeks, and soon their movement

[ spread / spreading ].

The British government reacted strongly to protect/ present the factories.

그들은 산업적 사보티지 ( 항의성 파괴행위 ) 라는 범죄를 사형으로 처벌하게 했고 많은 러다이트 지도

자들을 체포했는데, 이는 재빨리 그 운동을 종식시켰다.

They made the crime of industrial sabotage punishable by death and arrested

many of the Luddite leaders, 81) which/ what quickly ended the movement.

[ 어형변화]
[ industrial sabotage / many of the Luddite leaders / quickly ended / they / by death / arrested
/ the crime of / made / and / ,which / punish / the movement ]

- 147 -
김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

=================================================================

[ 요약 ] [ 본문 단어 ]

The Luddite, British textile employees protested and wrote threatening letters for being fearful

of losing their jobs to machines, but in failure, they broke into factories and began to break them

down. The British government responded strongly to protect the factories, so their movement

quickly ended .

- 148 -
김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

1) was sent
2) ensuring
3) listening
4) given
5) signaled
6) attention
7) handed
8) called
9) went
10) said
11) are
12) associated
13) are
14) more
15) do
16) is
17) Discussing
18) to become
19) near
20) prefer
21) responsible
22) What
23) like
24) enclosing
25) make
26) them
27) are used
28) identify
29) to produce
30) natural
31) guarantee

59) to expend

61) hold
62) that

64) have done

66) is produced
68) that
69) explain
70) what

- 149 -
김진선 선생님 <사과나무학원 > 4강, 5강, 8강 지문 테스트

78) invest
79) belong to
80) filled
81) which

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