Data Analytics
SIT- Specialized Information Technologies
Learning Objectives:
explain the concept of data science and its significance in driving decision-
making processes across various industries
outline the essential components of data analytics, including data
collection, data processing, and data visualization, and describe how
they contribute to effective analysis
apply appropriate data analytics techniques to solve real-world
problems, including data cleaning, exploratory data analysis, and
the presentation of findings in a clear and actionable manner
Table of contents
01 Data Analytics Components
02 Tools and Techniques in Data Analysis
01
Data Analytics Components
Data Analytics Components of Data Analytics
01 - Data Collection 02
This is the first step in the data Data Cleaning-
analytics process, where relevant
data is gathered from various After collection, data often requires
sources. Data can be collected cleaning to correct errors, remove
through surveys, databases, duplicates, and handle missing values.
online transactions, sensors, and This ensures that the analysis is based
more. on accurate and reliable data.
- Data Analysis 03
In this step, statistical and computational
04 Data Transformation-
techniques are applied to the cleaned
This component involves converting and transformed data to derive insights.
data into a suitable format for This can include descriptive statistics,
analysis. It may include normalization, predictive modeling, and data mining.
aggregation, or creating new
variables.
05 - Data Visualization
Presenting the results of data analysis in a visual Interpretation of Results- 06
format, such as charts, graphs, and dashboards, which This involves interpreting the visualized data to
makes it easier to understand and communicate make informed decisions. Analysts must
findings. understand the context and implications of the
Decision Making 07 findings.
The ultimate goal of data analytics is to support decision-
making
processes. Insights derived from data can guide business strategies,
operational improvements, and policy formulations.
02
Tools and Techniques in Data
Analysis
…are essential for effectively processing, analyzing, and visualizing data
Spreadsheet Software
These tools are widely used for basic data
1 manipulation, statistical analysis, and
visualization. They allow users to create
tables, perform calculations, and generate
charts.
Tools Statistical Software
These tools provide advanced statistical
for Data 2 capabilities, including regression
analysis, hypothesis testing, and data
mining. They are commonly used in
Analysis academic and research settings.
Data Visualization Tools
These tools help create interactive
3 visual representations of data, making
it easier to identify trends and
patterns. They often integrate with
3 other data sources for real-time
analysis
Programming Languages
Both languages offer libraries (e.g.,
Pandas, NumPy for Python) specifically
4 designed for data manipulation, analysis,
and visualization. They are favored for
their flexibility and extensive
functionalities.
Tools Database Management
for Data 5
Systems
These systems are used to store, retrieve, and
Analysis
manage large datasets. They provide
powerful querying capabilities to extract
relevant data for analysis.
Business Intelligence Tools
These tools facilitate data integration,
C analysis, and reporting, enabling
organizations to derive insights from their
data and make informed decisions.
Techniques for Data Analysis
Description: This technique summarizes and describes the
1. Descriptive main features of a dataset, providing insights through measures
Statistics such as mean, median, mode, and standard deviation.
Example: A company analyzes its sales data to calculate the
average sales per month to understand overall performance.
Description: This technique uses a random sample of data
2. Inferential to make inferences about a larger population. It involves
Statistics hypothesis testing and confidence intervals.
Example: A survey is conducted on a sample of customers
to infer the overall satisfaction level of all customers.
Description: This technique uses historical data and statistical algorithms
3. Predictive
to predict future outcomes. It often employs machine learning
Analytics models.
Example: A retail company uses predictive analytics to forecast
inventory needs based on past sales data.
Techniques for Data Analysis
Description: This technique involves exploring large datasets
4. Data Mining to discover patterns, correlations, and anomalies. It uses
various algorithms for clustering and classification.
Example: A bank analyzes transaction data to identify potential
fraudulent activities based on unusual spending patterns.
Description: This technique analyzes data points collected or
5. Time Series recorded at specific time intervals to identify trends, seasonal
Analysis patterns, and cyclical behaviors.
Example: A financial analyst studies stock prices over time
to forecast future price movements based on historical
trends.
6. Text Analysis Description: This technique involves analyzing unstructured text data
to extract useful information and insights. It often uses natural language
processing (NLP) methods.
Example: A company analyzes customer reviews to identify common
themes and sentiments regarding their products.
Conclusion:
Tools and techniques in data analysis are vital for transforming raw data into
actionable insights. By leveraging the right tools and employing
appropriate techniques, organizations can make informed decisions and
drive strategic initiatives.
Thanks!
