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 C o n t e n t s a t a G l a n c e
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
1 Introducing Charts in Excel 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2 Customizing Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37

?usinesssolutions
3 Creating Charts That Show Trends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
4 Creating Charts That Show Differences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
5 Creating Charts That Show Relationships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
6 Creating Stock Analysis Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
7 Advanced Chart Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
8 Creating and Using Pivot Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
9 Presenting Data Visually Without Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
10 Presenting Your Excel Data on a Map Using Microsoft MapPoint . 307
11 Using SmartArt Graphics and Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317

Charts and 12
13
14
Exporting Your Charts for Use Outside of Excel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347
Using Excel VBA to Create Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357
Knowing When Someone Is Lying to You with a Chart . . . . . . . . . 423
Appendix A: Charting References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 431

Graphs Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439

for
®
Microsoft Office
®
Excel 2007
Bill Jelen

800 E. 96th Street

Indianapolis, Indiana 46240
Charts and Graphs for Microsoft® Office Excel® 2007
Copyright © 2007 by Que Publishing
All rights reserved. No part of this book shall be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, Associate Publisher
or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, Greg Wiegand
without written permission from the publisher. No patent liability is assumed with respect
to the use of the information contained herein. Although every precaution has been taken in Acquisitions Editor
the preparation of this book, the publisher and author assume no responsibility for errors or Loretta Yates
omissions. Nor is any liability assumed for damages resulting from the use of the informa-
tion contained herein. Development Editor
International Standard Book Number: 0-7897-3610-1
Laura Norman
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Managing Editor
Jelen, Bill. Gina Kanouse
Charts and graphs for Microsoft Office Excel 2007 / Bill Jelen.
p. cm.
Project Editor
ISBN 0-7897-3610-1 Michael Thurston
1. Microsoft Excel (Computer file) 2. Business—Computer Copy Editor
programs. 3. Electronic spreadsheets. 4. Charts, diagrams, etc.—
Computer programs. I. Title.
Kitty Jarrett
HF5548.4.M523J447 2007 Indexer
005.54—dc22 Cheryl Lenser
2007004763
Printed in the United States of America Proofreader
First Printing: April 2007 Water Crest Publishing
10 09 08 07 4 3 2 1 Technical Editors
Juan Pablo Gonzalez
Trademarks Bob Umlas
All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks have
been appropriately capitalized. Que Publish-ing cannot attest to the accuracy of this infor- Publishing Coordinator
mation. Use of a term in this book should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any Cindy Teeters
trademark or service mark.
Book Designer
Warning and Disclaimer Anne Jones
Every effort has been made to make this book as complete and as accurate as possible, but
no warranty or fitness is implied. The information provided is on an “as is” basis. The Composition
author and the publisher shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity Gloria Schurick
with respect to any loss or damages arising from the information contained in this book or
from the use of the CD or programs accompanying it.

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Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Choosing the Right Chart Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Using Excel as Your Charting Canvas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
This Book’s Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
A Note About Bugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
Special Elements in This Book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
Next Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
1 Introducing Charts in Excel 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
What’s New in Excel 2007 Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
New Charting Tools and Menus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Using the Insert Tab to Select a Chart Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Using the Expand Icon to Access a Gallery of All Chart Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Understanding the Chart Thumbnail Icons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Using Gallery Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Creating a Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Selecting Contiguous Data to Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Selecting Noncontiguous Data to Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Creating a Chart by Using the Insert Ribbon Icons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Creating a Chart with One Keystroke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Working with Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Moving a Chart Within the Current Worksheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Locating a Chart at the Top of Your Dataset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Reversing the Series and Categories of a Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Changing the Data Sequence by Using Select Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Leaving the Top-Left Cell Blank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Moving a Chart to a Different Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
Customizing a Chart by Using the Design Ribbon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Choosing a Chart Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Choosing a Color Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Modifying a Color Scheme by Changing the Theme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Creating Your Own Theme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Choosing Effects for a Custom Theme from an Existing Theme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Understanding RGB Color Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
Converting from Hexadecimal to RGB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
Finding Complementary Colors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Specifying a Theme’s Colors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Specifying a Theme’s Fonts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Saving a Custom Theme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
Using a Custom Theme on a New Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
Sharing a Theme with Others . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
Next Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
 iv Charts and Graphs for Microsoft Office Excel 2007

2 Customizing Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37

Accessing Element Formatting Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
Identifying Chart Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
Chart Labels and Axis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
Special Elements in a 3-D Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
Analysis Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
Formatting Chart Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
Formatting a Chart Title . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
Formatting an Axis Title . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
Formatting a Legend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
Adding Data Labels to a Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48
Adding a Data Table to a Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
Formatting Axes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
Using a Date-Based Axis to Represent Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56
Displaying and Formatting Gridlines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
Formatting the Plot Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61
Creating a Custom Gradient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63
Formatting the Chart Walls and Floor of a 3-D Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
Controlling 3-D Rotation in a 3-D Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66
Forecasting with Trendlines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68
Adding Drop Lines to a Line or Area Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71
Adding Up/Down Bars to a Line Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
Showing Acceptable Tolerances by Using Error Bars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
Formatting a Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73
Formatting a Single Data Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
Using the Format Ribbon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
Converting Text to WordArt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
Using the Shape Styles Gallery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
Using the Shape Fill and Shape Effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75
Using Preset Shape Effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76
Replacing Data Markers with Clip Art or Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77
Using Clip Art as a Data Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77
Using a Shape in Place of a Data Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78
Creating a Chart Template . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79
Next Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79

3 Creating Charts That Show Trends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81

Choosing a Chart Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81
Understanding a Date-Based Axis Versus a Category-Based Axis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84
Accurately Representing Data Using a Time-Based Axis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84
Converting Text Dates to Dates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86
Comparing Date Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88
Dates Not Recognized as Dates: Numeric Years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .92
Dates Not Recognized as Dates: Dates Before 1900 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93
 Contents v

Using a Workaround to Display a Time-Scale Axis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98

Converting Dates to Text to Add a Decorative Chart Element . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100
Kyle Fletcher: Using a Decorative Element in a Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101
Using a Chart to Communicate Effectively . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .104
Using a Long, Meaningful Title to Explain Your Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .104
Highlighting One Column . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108
Replacing Columns with Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109
Highlighting a Section of Chart by Adding a Second Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110
Changing Line Type Midstream . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111
Adding an Automatic Trendline to a Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .113
Showing a Trend of Monthly Sales and Year-to-Date Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115
Understanding the Shortcomings of Stacked Column Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .116
Using a Stacked Column Chart to Compare Current Sales to Prior-Year Sales . . . . . .117
Shortcomings of Showing Many Trends on a Single Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .118
Using a Scatter Plot to Show a Trend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .119
Next Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .120
4 Creating Charts That Show Differences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121
Comparing Entities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121
Using Bar Charts to Illustrate Item Comparisons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .122
Adding a Second Series to Show a Time Comparison . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123
Subdividing a Bar to Emphasize One Component . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .125
Showing Component Comparisons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126
Using Pie Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128
Switching to a 100% Stacked Column Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134
Using a Doughnut Chart to Compare Two Pies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .135
Dealing with Data Representation Problems in a Pie Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .137
Creating a Pie of Pie Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .142
Using a Waterfall Chart to Tell the Story of Component Decomposition . . . . . . . . . . . . . .144
Creating a Waterfall Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .144
Next Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .146

5 Creating Charts That Show Relationships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .147

Comparing Two Variables on a Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .147
Using XY Scatter Charts to Plot Pairs of Data Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .148
Adding a Trendline to a Scatter Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .149
Adding Labels to a Scatter Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .150
Joining the Points in a Scatter Chart with Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .152
Adding a Second Series to an XY Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .153
Drawing with a Scatter Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .155
Using Charts to Show Relationships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .156
Testing Correlation Using a Scatter Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .157
Using Paired Bars to Show Relationships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .159
 vi Charts and Graphs for Microsoft Office Excel 2007

Comparing the Relationship Between Discount and Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .162

Kathy Villella: Comparing Three Variables with a Paired Bar Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .165
Using Paired Matching Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .167
MAD Magazine: Creating a Paired Comparison Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .168
Adding a Third Dimension with a Bubble Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .170
Using a Frequency Distribution to Categorize Thousands of Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .172
Using Radar Charts to Create Performance Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .176
Manoj Sharma: Radar Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .178
A Chart from Gene Zelazny . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .180
Gene Zelazny: Zelazny Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .180
Using Surface Charts to Show Contrast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .183
Using the Depth Axis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .185
Controlling a Surface Chart Through 3-D Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .185
Next Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .185

6 Creating Stock Analysis Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .187

Overview of Stock Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .187
Line Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .187
OHLC Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .188
Candlestick Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .189
Obtaining Stock Data to Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .189
Rearranging Columns in the Downloaded Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .191
Dealing with Splits Using the Adjusted Close Column . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .191
Creating a Line Chart to Show Closing Prices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .193
Adding Volume as a Column Chart to the Line Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .194
Creating OHLC Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .197
Producing a High-Low-Close Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .197
Creating an OHLC Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .202
Adding Volume to a High-Low-Close Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .203
Creating Candlestick Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .209
Changing Colors in a Candlestick Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .210
Adding Volume to a Candlestick Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .210
Manually Creating a Candlestick Chart with Volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .211
Creating a Candlestick Stock Chart Showing Volume and a Competitor . . . . . . . . . . .213
Creating a Live Chart by Using a Web Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .216
Making Charts Small for Use in Dashboards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .219
Next Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .221

7 Advanced Chart Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .223

A Tool Chest of Advanced Charting Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .223
Mixing Two Chart Types on a Single Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .223
Moving Charts from One Worksheet to Another . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .224
Using Shapes to Annotate a Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .225
Making Columns or Bars Float . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .227
 Contents vii

Using a Rogue XY Series to Label the Vertical Axis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .230

Converting a Series to Gridlines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .231
Showing Several Charts on One Chart by Using a Rogue XY Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . .236
Using Multiple XY Series to Create a Trellis Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .241
Creating Dynamic Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .245
Using the OFFSET Function to Specify a Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .246
Using VLOOKUP or MATCH to Find a Value in a Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .247
Combining INDEX and MATCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .249
Using Validation Drop-Downs to Create a Dynamic Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .250
Using Dynamic Ranges in a Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .253
Creating a Scrolling Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .256
Modifying the Scrollbar Example to Show the Last 12 Months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .258
Creating Advanced Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .259
Thermometer Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .259
Benchmark Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .260
Delta Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .261
Amazing Things People Do with Excel Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .263
Next Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .265

8 Creating and Using Pivot Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .267

Creating Your First Pivot Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .267
What’s New in Excel 2007 Pivot Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .267
Deciding Which Comes First: The Table or the Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .268
Rules for Preparing Underlying Pivot Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .268
Creating Your First Pivot Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .269
Changing the Chart Type and Formatting the Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .271
Adding Additional Series to a Pivot Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .272
Returning to a Pivot Table for Advanced Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .273
Filtering a Pivot Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .274
Filtering Using a Report Filter Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .275
Using the Excel 2007 Filters for Axis and Legend Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .276
Creating a Chart for Every Customer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .278
Stratifying Invoice Amounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .279
Next Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .280

9 Presenting Data Visually Without Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .281

Creating Charts in the Worksheet Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .281
Using Data Bars to Create In-Cell Bar Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .282
Customizing Data Bars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .282
Controlling the Size of the Smallest/Largest Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .284
Showing Data Bars for a Subset of Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .286
Using Color Scales to Highlight Extremes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .288
Converting to Monochromatic Data Bars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .288
Troubleshooting Color Scales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .290
viii Charts and Graphs for Microsoft Office Excel 2007

Using Icon Sets to Segregate Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .290

Setting Up an Icon Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .291
Moving Numbers Closer to Icons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .292
Reversing the Sequence of Icons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .293
Creating a Chart Using Conditional Formatting in Worksheet Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .293
Creating a Chart Using the REPT Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .296
Creating a Chart Using Scrollbar Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .297
Creating Stem-and-Leaf Plots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .301
Creating a Stem-and-Leaf Plot with X’s as the Leaves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .301
Creating a Stem-and-Leaf Plot with Digits as the Leaves Using a Long Formula . . . .303
Creating a Stem-and-Leaf Plot with Digits as the Leaves Using
Sorting and Formulas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .304
Next Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .306

10 Presenting Your Excel Data on a Map Using Microsoft MapPoint . . . . . . . . . . .307

Plotting Data Geographically . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .307
Building a Map in Excel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .308
Using a Chart on a Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .312
Using Other Map Styles to Illustrate Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .314
Mapping Your Customers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .315
Next Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .316
11 Using SmartArt Graphics and Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .317
Understanding SmartArt Graphics and Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .317
Using SmartArt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .318
Elements Common Across Most SmartArt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .319
A Tour of the SmartArt Categories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .320
Inserting SmartArt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .321
Micromanaging SmartArt Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .324
Controlling SmartArt Shapes from the Text Pane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .326
Adding Images to SmartArt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .328
Special Considerations for Organization Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .329
Using Limited SmartArt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .332
Choosing the Right Layout for Your Message . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .333
Exploring Business Charts That Use SmartArt Graphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .334
Illustrating a Pro/Con Decision by Using a Balance Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .334
Illustrating Growth by Using an Upward Arrow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .334
Showing an Iterative Process by Using a Basic Cycle Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .335
Showing a Company’s Relationship to External Entities by Using a
Diverging Radial Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .335
Illustrating Departments Within a Company by Using a Table List Diagram . . . . . . .336
Adjusting Venn Diagrams to Show Relationships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .336
Understanding Labeled Hierarchy Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .337
Using Other SmartArt Layouts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .338
 Contents ix

Using Shapes to Display Cell Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .339

Working with Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .341
Using the Freeform Shape to Create a Custom Shape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .341
Using WordArt for Interesting Titles and Headlines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .342
Converting SmartArt to Shapes to Allow Dynamic Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .343
Next Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .346

12 Exporting Your Charts for Use Outside of Excel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .347

Presenting Excel Charts in PowerPoint or Word . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .347
Copying a Chart as a Live Chart Linked to the Original Workbook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .349
Copying a Chart as a Live Chart Linked to a Copy of the Original Workbook . . . . . .350
Copying a Chart as a Picture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .351
Pasting a Chart as a Linked Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .352
Creating a Chart in PowerPoint and Copying Data from Excel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .353
Presenting Charts on the Web . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .355
Exporting Charts to Graphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .355
Using VBA to Export Charts as Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .355
Using Snag-It or OneNote to Capture Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .356
Converting to XPS or PDF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .356
Next Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .356

13 Using Excel VBA to Create Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .357

Introducing VBA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .357
Enabling VBA in Your Copy of Excel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .358
Enabling the Developer Ribbon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .358
The Visual Basic Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .358
Visual Basic Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .359
The Macro Recorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .360
Understanding Object-Oriented Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .361
Learning Tricks of the VBA Trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .361
Writing Code to Handle a Data Range of Any Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .361
Using Super-Variables: Object Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .363
Using With and End With When Referring to an Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .364
Continuing a Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .364
Adding Comments to Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .364
Coding for New Charting Features in Excel 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .365
Referencing Charts and Chart Objects in VBA Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .365
Creating a Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .366
Specifying the Size and Location of a Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .366
Later Referring to a Specific Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .367
Recording Commands from the Layout or Design Ribbons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .369
Specifying a Built-in Chart Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .369
Specifying a Template Chart Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .372
Changing a Chart’s Layout or Style . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .373
 x Charts and Graphs for Microsoft Office Excel 2007

Using SetElement to Emulate Changes on the Layout Ribbon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .375

Changing a Chart Title Using VBA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .380
Emulating Changes on the Format Ribbon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .380
Using the Format Method to Access New Formatting Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .380
Automating Changes in the Format Series Dialog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .397
Controlling Gap Width and Series Separation in Column and Bar Charts . . . . . . . . .398
Moving a Series to a Secondary Axis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .400
Spinning and Exploding Round Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .401
Controlling the Bar of Pie and Pie of Pie Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .403
Setting the Bubble Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .408
Controlling Radar and Surface Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .409
Using the Watch Window to Discover Object Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .410
Using the Watch Window to Learn Rotation Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .413
Exporting a Chart as a Graphic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .414
Creating a Dynamic Chart in a UserForm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .414
Creating Pivot Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .416
Printing a Chart for Each Customer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .418
Next Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .421

14 Knowing When Someone Is Lying to You with a Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .423

Lying with Perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .423
Lying with Shrinking Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .425
Lying with Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .426
Lying Because Excel Won’t Cooperate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .426
Lying by Obscuring the Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .427
Deliberately Using Charts to Lie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .428
Next Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .430
A Charting References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .431
Other Charting Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .431
Gene Zelazny: The Guru of Business Charting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .431
PowerFrameworks.com . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .432
Books by Edward Tufte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .433
Websites with Charting Tutorials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .434
Interactive Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .434
Live Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .435
Blogs About Charting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .435
Visual Design Stores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .435
Professional Chart Designers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .436
Charting Utilities and Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .436
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439
 About the Author xi

About the Author

Bill Jelen, Excel MVP and MrExcel, has been using spreadsheets since 1985, and he
launched the MrExcel.com website in 1998. His team provides custom Excel applications
to clients around the world. You can see Bill as a regular guest on The Lab with Leo
Laporte in Australia, in Canada, and on Google Video. Bill produces a daily video podcast
about Excel. He also enjoys taking his show on the road, doing a one- to four-hour power
Excel seminar anywhere that a room full of accountants or Excellers will show up.
 xii Charts and Graphs for Microsoft Office Excel 2007

Dedication
To Josh Jelen

Acknowledgments
I wish to thank Gene Zelazny of McKinsey & Company. Gene was generous with his time
and feedback. He indirectly taught me a lot about charting over a decade ago, when I did a
six-month stint on a McKinsey project team. Kathy Villella and Tom Bunzel also provided
advice on presentations. Mala Singh of XLSoft Consulting vetted the chapter on using
VBA to create charts.
Mike Alexander, my coauthor on the Pivot Table Data Crunching books, helped outline the
table of contents for this book and provided many ideas for Chapter 7, “Using Advanced
Chart Techniques.” You can catch Mike and me on a cool DVD training series by Total
Training.
I enjoy the visual delight of every Edward Tufte book. I apologize in advance to E.T. for
documenting all the chartjunk that Microsoft lets us add to Excel charts.
Dick DeBartolo is the Daily GizWiz and has been writing for MAD Magazine for more
than 40 years, since he was 15. The pages of MAD were not where I expected to find inspi-
ration for a charting book, but why not? Thanks to John Marcinko, my son’s friend who
pointed me, in a random conversation, to the MAD charts. Thanks to Bob D’Amico for
illustrating the charts a la MAD. The pie chart in Chapter 4 is a Dick DeBartolo original,
created especially for this book. Many thanks to Dick for being a contributor.
I was visiting Keith Bradbury’s office in Toronto. Keith makes the completely awesome
PDF-to-Excel utility at InvestInTech.com. Between parking the car and Keith’s office, I saw
the most amazing store, managed by David Michaelides. SWIPE is a bookstore dedicated
to art and design. This is a beautiful store to browse, and if you go in and reveal that you
work in Excel all day, they will sympathetically be very nice to you. In a clash of worlds,
David has the original 1984 Mac way up above his cash register because it was the start of
desktop publishing. I pointed out that the Mac was where Excel 1.0 got its start in 1985, so
we had a common thread in our respective backgrounds. Stop by 477 Richmond Street
West (two blocks west of Spadina) to take a look the next time you are in Toronto.
Thanks to Leo Laporte and everyone else at TechTV in Toronto. By the time this book is
out, production will have moved to Vancouver, so I offer my thanks to Matt Harris and
everyone else at the Vancouver studio, even though I don’t know who you are yet.
Thanks to Dan Bricklin and Bob Frankston for inventing the computer spreadsheet.
Thanks to Mitch Kapor for Lotus 1-2-3. Like everyone else who uses computers to make a
living, I owe a debt of gratitude to these three pioneers.
 Acknowledgments xiii

Thanks to Lora White, Tracy Syrstad, and Barb Jelen for keeping MrExcel running while I
wrote. As always, thanks to the hundreds of people answering 30,000 Excel questions a year
at the MrExcel message board. Thanks to Duane Aubin, Wei Jiang, Suat Ozgur, Nate
Oliver, and Jake Hildebrand for their programming expertise.
The Microsoft MVPs for Excel are always generous with their time and ideas. Over the
years, I’ve learned many cool charting tricks from websites maintained by John Peltier,
Andy Pope, and Charley Kyd. Turn to the appendix for links to their respective websites.
MVPs Juan Pablo Gonzalez and Bob Umlas served as great technical editors. I still smile
when I recall Bob pointing out that “9. Repeat step 9 for High, Low, and Close lines.” was,
in itself, a circular reference.
At Pearson, Loretta Yates is an awesome acquisitions editor. Thanks to Judi Taylor, Greg
Wiegand, Michael Thurston, Laura Norman, and Lisa Jacobson-Brown at Que. Jean
Esposito was a great high school English teacher who used up many red pens marking my
papers. Had Kitty Jarrett been around to be my copy editor back then, there would have
been no need for red ink at all. Thanks to my agent, William Brown.
Finally, thanks to Josh Jelen, Zeke Jelen, and Mary Ellen Jelen. I wrote 2,500 pages in
2006—way too many to actually pay attention to anything important in my life. 2007 will
be better.
 xiv Charts and Graphs for Microsoft Office Excel 2007

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your opinion and want to know what we’re doing right, what we could do better, what areas
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Introduction
A good chart should both explain and arouse
curiosity. A chart can summarize thousands of data INTRODUCTION
points into a single picture. The arrangement of a
chart should explain the underlying data but also
enable the reader to isolate trouble spots worthy of IN THIS INTRODUCTION
further analysis.
Using Excel as Your Charting Canvas . . . . . . . . .3
Excel makes it easy to create charts. But although
This Book’s Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
the improvements in Excel 2007 allow you to create
a chart with only a few mouse clicks, it still takes Next Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
thought to find the best way to present your data.
 2 Introduction

C A S E S T U DY

Choosing the Right Chart Type

Say that you are an analyst for a chain of restaurants, and you are studying the lunch hour
sales for a restaurant in a location at a distant mall. The mall is surrounded by corporations
that provide a steady lunchtime clientele during the week. On the weekends, the mall does
well in the holiday shopping months but lacks weekend crowds during the rest of the year.
From the data contained in the chart in Figure I.1, you can spot a periodicity in sales
throughout the year. An estimated 50 spikes indicate that the periodicity might be based on
the day of the week. You can also spot that there is a general improvement in sales at the
end of the year, which you attribute to the holiday shopping season. However, there is an
anomaly in the pattern during the summer months.

Figure I.1
This chart shows the
sales trend for 365 data
points.

After studying the data in Figure I.1, you might decide to plot the sales by weekday in
order to better understand the sales. Figure I.2 shows the same data presented as seven line
charts. Each line represents the sales for a particular day of the week. Friday is the dashed
line. At the beginning of the year, Friday was the best sales day for this particular restau-
rant. For some reason, around week 23, Friday sales plummeted.
 Using Excel as Your Charting Canvas 3

Figure I.2
When you isolate sales
by weekday, you can see
a definite problem with
Fridays in the summer.

The chart in Figure I.2 prompts you to make some calls to see what was happening on
Fridays at this location. You might discover that the city was throwing free Friday
lunchtime concerts from June through August and that the manager of the restaurant was
offered a concession at the concert location but thought that it would be too much trouble.
Using this pair of charts enabled you to isolate a problem and equipped you to make better
decisions in the future.

Using Excel as Your Charting Canvas

Excel 2007 offers a complete rewrite of the 15-year-old charting engine from previous ver-
sions of Excel. Although the software offers no new charting types, Excel 2007 provides
plenty of tools that allow you to make eye-catching charts. In Excel 2007, you have the
ability to create better versions of the 11 existing chart types. Maybe in Excel 14, Microsoft
will add support for new chart types.
Creating charts in Excel 2007 basically requires these steps:
1. Set up and select your data in an Excel worksheet.
2. Choose the appropriate chart type from the Insert ribbon.
3. Change the chart layout or color scheme by using the Design ribbon.
4. Customize chart elements by using the Layout ribbon.
5. Micromanage formatting for individual data points by using the Format ribbon.

Most charts require steps 1 and 2. The remaining steps are optional and are used with
decreasing frequency. It should be rare that you will need to venture to step 5. However,
you are likely to change at least a couple items in step 4.
This book covers the improved charting engine in Excel 2007 as well as the new SmartArt
graphics that you can use to create business diagrams. You will also learn to use spreadsheet
cells to present graphical information.
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