NAVODAYA VIDYALAYA SAMITI, REGIONAL OFFICE, BHOPAL

FIRST PRE-BOARD EXAMINATION – 2020

CLASS – XII

PHYSICS

Maximum Marks: – 70 Time Allowed: – 3 hours

General Instructions:

i. All questions are compulsory. There are 33 questions in all.

ii. This question paper has five sections: Section – A, Section – B, Section – C, Section – D, and
Section – E.
iii. Section – A contains ten very short answer questions and four assertion reasoning MCQs of 1
mark each, Section – B has two case based questions of 4 marks each, Section – C contains nine
short answer questions of 2 marks each, Section – D contains five short answer questions of 3
marks each and Section – E contains three long answer questions of 5 marks each.
iv. There is no overall choice. However internal choice is provided in four questions of 1 mark,
three questions of 2 marks, two question of 3 marks and all the three questions of 5 marks
weightage. You have to attempt only one of the choices in such questions.
v. In addition to this, separate instructions are given with each section and question, wherever
necessary.
vi. Use of calculators and log tables is not permitted.
vii. You may use the following values of physical constants wherever necessary.
c = 3 ×× 108 m/s
h = 6.63 ×× 10-34 Js
e = 1.6 ×× 10-19 C

∈0 = 8.854 ×× 10-12 C2 N-1 m-2

μ0 = 4π × 10-7 TmA-1

1
= 9 ×× 109 N m2 C-2
4 π ε0
Mass of electron (me) = 9.1 ×× 10-31 kg
Mass of neutron (mn) = 1.675 ×× 10-27 kg
Mass of proton (mp) = 1.673 ×× 10-27 kg
Avogadro’s number = 6.023 ×× 1023 per gram mole
Boltzmann constant = 1.38 ×× 10-23 JK-1

Section – A

1. How is gauss related to weber/m2?

2. Which part of electromagnetic radiation is used for viewing objects through haze and fog?
3. An electron beam passes through a region of crossed electric and magnetic fields of strength E and
B respectively. For what value of electron speed the beam will remain undeflected?
OR
An α-particle and a proton are moving in the plane of paper in a region where there is a uniform
magnetic field B directed normal to the plane of paper. If the particles have equal linear momenta,
what would be the ratio of the radii of their trajectories in the field?
4. The instantaneous voltage from an ac source is given by E = 300 sin 314 t. What is the rms voltage
of the source?
5. What is the ratio of radii of the orbits corresponding to first excited state and ground state in a
hydrogen atom?
OR
State Bohr’s quantisation condition for defining stationary states.
6. The maximum kinetic energy of a photoelectron is 3 eV. What is the stopping potential?
7. Two nuclei have mass numbers in the ratio 1 : 2. What is the ratio of their nuclear densities?
OR
Two nuclei have mass numbers in the ratio 1 : 8. What is the ratio of their nuclear radii?
8. At what temperature would an intrinsic semiconductor behave like a perfect insulator?
9. What will be the effect on interference fringes if red light is replaced by blue light?
OR
What type of wavefront will emerge from a distant light source?
10. How does the focal length of a lens change when red light incident on it is replaced by violet light?

Directions: For question No. 11 to 14, two statements are given- one labelled Assertion (A) and
the other labelled Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a),
(b), (c) and (d) as given below.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false and R is also false
11. Assertion (A) : Electrons move away from low potential to high potential region.
Reason (R) : Electrons have negative charge.
12. Assertion (A) : If the distance between parallel plates of a capacitor is halved and dielectric
constant is made three times, then the capacity becomes 6 times.
Reason (R) : Capacity of the capacitor does not depend upon the nature of the material.
13. Assertion (A) : The mirrors used in search lights are parabolic and not concave spherical.
Reason (R) : In a concave spherical mirror the image formed is always virtual.
14. Assertion (A) : By increasing the diameter of the objective of a telescope we can increase its
range.
Reason (R) : The range of telescope tells us how far away a star of some standard
brightness can be spotted by the telescope.
Section – B
Directions: Questions 15 and 16 are case based questions and are compulsory. Attempt
any 4 sub parts from each question. Each question carries 1 mark.

15. OPTICAL FIBRE

 An optical fibre consists of a very thin fibre of silica or glass of high refractive index called the core.
The core has a diameter of 10µm to 100 10µm. The core is enclosed by a cover of glass or plastic
called cladding. The refractive index of the cladding is less than that of the core. The difference
between the refractive indices is very small. The core and the cladding are enclosed in an outer
protective jacket made of plastic to provide strength to the optical fibre. The refractive index can
change from the core to the cladding abruptly (as in step- index fibre) or gradually (as in graded-
index fibre). When a ray of light is incident on the core of the optical fibre at a small angle it
refraction and strikes the core-cladding interface at an angle greater than the critical angle.
Therefore the ray suffers total internal reflection and strikes the other interface. At this interface
the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle. So it again suffers total internal reflection.
Thus the ray of light reaches the other end of the fibre after suffering repeated total internal
reflection along the length of the fibre. At the other end the ray suffers refraction and comes out of
the fibre.
(i) In the structure of optical fibre, the light is guided through the core due to _________ .
a. Reflection
b. Refraction
c. Total internal reflection
d. Dispersion
(ii) In the structure of a fibre which component provides additional strength and prevents the
fibre from any damage?
a. Core
b. Buffer coating
c. Cladding
d. None of the above
(iii) For total internal reflection to occur
a. The angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle.
b. The angle of incidence is less than the critical angle.
c. The angle of incidence is equal to the critical angle.
d. None of the above.
(iv) The refractive index of the core with respect to the cladding is 1.414. What is the critical
angle for the core-cladding interface?
a. 500
b. 550
c. 400
d. 450
(v) How does the refractive index vary in graded index fibre?
a. Tangentially
b. Radially
c. Longitudinally
d. transversely

16. MICROWAVE OVEN

The spectrum of electromagnetic radiation contains a part known as microwaves. These waves
have frequency and energy smaller than visible light and wavelength larger than it. What is the
principle of a microwave oven and how does it work? Our objective is to cook food or warm it up.
All food items such as fruit, vegetables, meat, cereals, etc., contain water as a constituent. Now,
what does it mean when we say that a certain object has become warmer? When the temperature
of a body rises, the energy of the random motion of atoms and molecules increases and the
molecules travel or vibrate or rotate with higher energies. The frequency of rotation of water
molecules is about 2.45 gigahertz (GHz). If water receives microwaves of this frequency, its
molecules absorb this radiation, which is equivalent to heating up water. These molecules share
this energy with neighbouring food molecules, heating up the food. One should use porcelain
vessels and not metal containers in a microwave oven because of the danger of getting a shock
from accumulated electric charges. Metals may also melt from heating. The porcelain container
remains unaffected and cool, because its large molecules vibrate and rotate with much smaller
frequencies, and thus cannot absorb microwaves. Hence, they do not get heated up. Thus, the basic
principle of a microwave oven is to generate microwave radiation of appropriate frequency in the
working space of the oven where we keep food. This way energy is not wasted in heating up the
vessel. In the conventional heating method, the vessel on the burner gets heated first, and then the
food inside gets heated because of transfer of energy from the vessel. In the microwave oven, on
the other hand, energy is directly delivered to water molecules which is shared by the entire food.
(i) The microwave oven was invented by an American engineer named as
a. Sir Percy Spencer
b. Dr Raymond Lemieux
c. Sir Peter Williamson
d. Sir Enrico Fermi
(ii) Which of the following is NOT a part of the microwave heating system?
a. Magnetron
b. Anode
c. Cathode
d. None of the above
(iii) How do Electromagnetic Waves cook food?
a. The electromagnetic waves cause the molecules to become excited and vibrate. This causes
friction between molecules which generates the heat to cook the food
b. The electromagnetic waves heat up the food molecules in a similar way as a conventional
oven
c. The electromagnetic waves create a dry heat that warms the molecules in the food
d. The electromagnetic waves send heat to the molecules which makes them begin to vibrate
and cook
(iv) What are 3 microwave safe containers?
a. Glass, Ceramic and ALL Plastics
b. Glass, Plastic and Metal
c. Glass, Ceramic and Microwave Safe Plastic
d. Ceramic, Glass and Metal
(v) The microwave frequency range is considered to start at:
a. 100 MHz
b. 1 GHz
 c. 10 GHz
d. 100 GHz
Section – C
17. A long straight wire AB lying on the plane of paper carries a current I. A proton P travels with a
speed v, parallel to the wire at a distance d from it in a direction opposite to the current as shown
in the figure. What is the force experienced by the proton and what is its direction?

I d P

A v
18. Find the intensity at a point on a screen in Young’s double slit experiment where the interfering
waves of equal intensity have a path difference of λ/4.
OR
A parallel beam of light of wave length 600 nm in incident normally on a slit of width ‘a’. If the
distance between the slit and the screen is 0.8 m and the distance of 2 nd order maximum from the
centre of the screen is 1.5 mm, calculate the width of the slit.
19. Derive an expression for the electric potential at any point along the axial line of an electric dipole.
OR
Derive an expression for the electric potential at any point on the equatorial line of an electric
dipole.
20. Distinguish between a metal and an insulator on the basis of energy band diagrams.
21. Predict the polarity of the capacitor C connected to the coil, which is situated between two bar
magnets moving as shown in the figure.

22. In Young’s double slit experiment, the angular width of a fringe is found to be 0.2 0 on a screen
placed 1 m away. The wavelength of light used is 600 nm. What will be the angular width of the
fringe if the entire apparatus is immersed in water? Take refractive index of water as 4/3.
23. Name the optoelectronic device used for detecting optical signals and mention the biasing in which
it is operated. Draw its I – V characteristics.
24. Define the terms magnetic inclination and horizontal component of earth’s magnetic field at a
place. Establish the relationship between the two with the help of a diagram.
OR
Horizontal component of earth’s magnetic field at a place is √3 times the vertical component. What
is the value of inclination at that place?
25. A beam of light converges to a point P. A lens is placed in the path of the convergent beam 12 cm
from the point P. At what point does the beam converge if the lens is a convex lens of focal length
20 cm.
Section – D
26. A wheel with 8 metallic spokes each 50 cm long is rotated with a speed of 120 rev/min in a plane
normal to the horizontal component of earth’s magnetic field. The earth’s magnetic field at the
place is 0.4 G and the angle of dip is 600. Calculate the emf induced between the axle and the rim of
the wheel. How will the value of emf be affected if the number of spokes were increased?
27. Use Kirchhoff’s laws to determine the value of current I1 in the given electrical circuit.

OR

A variable resistor R is connected across a cell of emf E and internal resistance r.

a) Draw the circuit diagram.
b) Plot the graph showing variation of potential drop across R as function of R.
c) At what value of R current in circuit will be maximum?
28. An α-particle and a proton are accelerated from rest by the same potential. Find the ratio of their
de-Broglie wavelengths.
OR
Define the term intensity of radiation in photon picture of light. Ultraviolet light of wavelength
2270A0 from 100 W mercury source irradiates a photo cell made of a given metal. If the stopping
potential is – 1.3 eV, estimate the work function of the metal. How would the photocell respond to
a high intensity (~ 105 Wm-2) red light of wavelength 6300 A0 produced by a laser?
29. The ground state energy of hydrogen atom is – 13.6 eV. If an electron makes a transition from an
energy level – 1.51 eV to – 3.4 eV, calculate the wavelength of the spectral line emitted and the
series of hydrogen spectrum to which it belongs.
30. Calculate the binding energy per nucleon of the nuclei 56 26 Fe in units of MeV from the following data.
56
Given that mp = 1.007825 u, mn = 1.008665 u and m( 26 Fe) = 55.934939 u, 1u = 931.5 MeV.
Section – E
31. Given figure shows a charge array known as an electric quadruple. For a point on the axis of the
quadruple, obtain the dependence of potential on r for r/a >> 1 and contrast your results with that
due to an electric dipole and an electric monopole (i.e. a single charge).
A a B a C P

+q -q -q +q

OR
 Describe schematically the equipotential surfaces corresponding to
(a) A constant electric field in the Z- direction,
(b) A field that uniformly increases in magnitude but remains in a constant (say Z) direction and
(c) A single positive charge at the origin.
32. (a) State the conditions for resonance to occur in a LCR series circuit. Derive an expression for the
resonant frequency.
(b) Draw a graph showing the variation of peak current (I m) with frequency of AC source. Define the
quality factor of the circuit.
OR
(a) Describe briefly with the help of a labelled diagram, the working of a step up transformer.
(b) Write any two sources of energy loss in a transformer.
(c) A step up transformer converts a low voltage into a high voltage. Does it not violet the principle
of conservation of energy? Explain.
33. (a) State Huygens’ Principle. Using this principle, draw a diagram to show how a plane wavefront
incident at the interface of two media gets refracted when it propagates from a rarer to a denser
medium. Hence, verify Snell’s law of refraction.
(b) Is the frequency of reflected and refracted light same as the frequency of incident light?
OR
(a) Draw the labelled ray diagram for the formation of image by a compound microscope. Derive an
expression for its total magnification when the final image is formed at the near point.
(b) A compound microscope has a magnification of 30. The focal length of its eye-piece is 5 cm.
Assuming that the final image is formed at least distance of distinct vision (25 cm), calculate the
magnification produced by the objective.