GAS DETECTION SYSTEM – GROUP REPORT
Group Members:
- Nguyễn Mạnh Hà- msv: 2301040056
- Nguyễn Thế Nam - msv: 2301040131
- Ngô Thị Thanh Hương- msv: 2301040089
1. Purpose
- Detects toxic, flammable, or asphyxiant gases before they reach dangerous
levels.
- Prevents fires, explosions, or poisoning incidents by triggering alarms early.
- Ensures gases used in industrial processes remain within safe
concentrations.
- Provides real-time alerts (audible, visual, or connected to control systems).
- Allows for evacuation or ventilation actions before conditions become
critical.
- Meets regulatory and industry safety standards (like OSHA, NFPA, or ATEX).
- Helps avoid fines, shutdowns, or legal liabilities.
- Identifies leaks or malfunctions in gas pipelines or systems.
- Reduces downtime and repair costs by catching issues early.
2. Description
1. Arduino UNO R3 (CH340G)
- Function: The main microcontroller board that acts as the brain of the
system.
2. Relay Module (Mini 1 Channel)
- Function: An electromechanical switch controlled by Arduino.
3. 5V Chip Buzzer (9.5 x 12mm)
- Function: A small sound-emitting component.
4. 5V Fan
- Function: A small cooling or ventilation fan powered by 5V.
5. MQ2 Gas Sensor
- Function: Detects flammable gases and smoke such as LPG, propane,
methane, alcohol, hydrogen, and smoke.
6 . SG90 Servo Motors (180° Rotation)
- Function: Small, precise rotary actuators.
- Role: Can be used for:
o Opening/closing a vent or valve automatically.
o Moving an indicator arm to show gas levels.
o Controlling a mechanical door for isolation purposes.
3. Installation
1. MQ2 Gas Sensor
VCC → Arduino 5V
GND → Arduino GND
A0 → Arduino A0 (reads analog gas value)
2. 5V Buzzer
+ → Arduino D3
- → Arduino GND
3. 5V Fan (via Relay)
Fan + (red) → Normally Open (NO) on Relay
Fan – (black) → Arduino GND
Relay COM → Arduino 5V
Relay IN → Arduino D4
Relay VCC → Arduino 5V
Relay GND → Arduino GND
The relay acts as a switch for the fan. When the relay is triggered, the fan
turns on.
4. SG90 Servo Motors
You have 2 servos, let's say:
Servo1 → Arduino D5
Servo2 → Arduino D6
Each:
Orange (Signal) → Arduino digital pin
Red (VCC) → Arduino 5V
Brown (GND) → Arduino GND
Use external power if using many servos to avoid overloading Arduino.
5. Arduino UNO R3 (CH340G)
Connect to PC via USB to upload code.
Powers all components (or use an external 5V supply for fan/servo if
needed).
4. Result
Normal Air (No Gas Detected):
MQ2 sensor shows safe gas levels.
Fan is OFF
Buzzer is OFF
Servo Motors (Door) stay in CLOSED position
(e.g., 0° or initial angle)
Gas Detected (Above Threshold):
MQ2 detects gas concentration above the set limit.
Buzzer turns ON (alarm).
Fan turns ON via relay.
Servo Motors rotate to OPEN the door/vent
(e.g., rotate to 90° or 180°)
After Gas Clears (Below Threshold):
MQ2 reads safe air again.
Buzzer and fan turn OFF.
Servo Motors rotate back to CLOSED position
(e.g., return to 0°)
