PASSION FOR EXCELLENCE

RAINBOW INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

2025 – 2026
TERM I REVISION SHEET (ANS KEY)
SUBJECT: PHYSICS (042)
Class: XII Duration: 3 Hours
Date: 30.08.2025 Max. Marks: 70___
General Instructions:
1. There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
2. This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D and Section E.
3. All the sections are compulsory.
4. Section A comprises of 16 questions of one mark each from (Q.01 – Q.12) MCQ and From (Q.13- Q.16)
Assertion Reasoning based.
Section B comprises of 05 questions of two marks each (from Q.17 – Q.21).
Section C comprises of 07 questions of three marks each (from Q22 – Q.28).
Section D comprises of 02 Case-study based questions with sub parts of four marks each (from Q.29-Q.30).
Section E comprises of 03 long answer question of five marks each parts (from Q.31 - 33).
5. There is no overall choice. However, internal choice has been provided in
• 01 question in Section B.
• 01 question in Section C.
• 01 question in each CBQ in Section D.
• All three questions in Section E.
You have to attempt only one of the alternatives in all such questions.
6. Use of calculators is not allowed.
7. You may use the following values of physical constants where ever necessary
i. c = 3 x 108 m/s
ii. me = 9.1 x10-31 kg
iii. e = 1.6 x 10-19 C
iv. µ0 = 4π x 10-7 Tm𝑨 −𝟏
v. h = 6.63 x10-34 Js
vi. ε0 = 8.854 x10-12 𝑪𝟐𝑵−𝟏𝒎−𝟐
vii. Avogadro’s number = 6.023 X 𝟏𝟎𝟐𝟑 per gram mole

SECTION-A
Question No.1 to 12 are Multiple Choice Questions of 1 mark each. (16 x 01 = 16 Marks)
I. Choose the correct answer
1. An electric dipole of length 2cm is placed at an angle of 30˚ with an electric field of 2x105 N/C. If the
dipole experiences a torque of 8x10-3 Nm, the magnitude of either charge of the dipole is:
(a) 4 µC (b) 7 μC (c) 8 mC (d) 2mC
Ans: (a) 4 µC
2. A parallel plate capacitor with dielectric slab (K= 2) in between the plates has a capacitance ‘C’.
Without the slab capacitance of the capacitor is:
(a) C/ √2 (b) 2C (c) C/2 (d) √2C
Ans: (c) C/2
3. An electron is moving along positive x-axis in a magnetic field which is parallel to the positive y-
axis. In what direction will the magnetic force be acting on the electron?
(a) Along -x axis (b) Along -z axis
(c) Along +z axis (d) Along - y axis
Ans: (b) Along -z axis
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4. The oscillating magnetic field in a plane electromagnetic wave is given as By = (8 × 10-6) sin [2 ×
1011t+ 300πx] T, wavelength of the electromagnetic wave is:
(a) 0.80 cm (b) 1 × 103m (c) 2 × 10-2cm (d) 0.67 cm
Ans: (d)
Explanation: wavelength λ=2π/k=2 π/ 300π=1/150m = 0.67 cm
5. Using an A.C voltmeter the potential difference in the electrical line in a house is read to be 234 Volt.
If the line frequency is known to be 50 cycles/second, the equation for the line voltage is:
(a) V = 331 sin(100πt) (b) V = 165 sin(100πt)
(c) V = 440 sin(100πt) (d) V = 220 sin(100πt)
Ans: (a) V = 331 sin(100πt)
6. Two identical circular loops of metal wire are lying on a table without touching each other. Loop A
carries a current which increases with time. In response the loop B:
(a) remains stationary (b) is attracted by loop A
(c) is repelled by loop A (d) rotates about is CM with CM fixed
Ans: (c) is repelled by loop A
7. A plane electromagnetic wave propagating along z direction can have the following pairs of E and B:
(a) Ex,By (b) Ey, Bz. (c) Bx, Ey. (d) None of these
Ans: (a) Ex,By
8. An isolated point charge particle produces an electric field E at a point 3m away from it. The distance
of the point at which the field is E/4:
(a) 2m (b) 3m (c) 4m (d) 6m
Ans: (d) 6m
9. A coil contains N turns of insulated copper wire of diameter d and resistivity ρ wound on a cylinder of
diameter D. What is the total resistance between the two ends of the coil of copper wire? (given:
D>>d)
(a) 4𝜌𝑁𝐷/𝑑2 (b) 8𝜌𝑁𝐷 /𝑑2 (c) 2𝜌𝑁𝐷/𝑑2 (d) 12𝜌𝑁𝐷/𝑑2
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Ans: (a) 4𝜌𝑁𝐷/𝑑
10. A solenoid of is made up of 500 turns per unit length. It carries a current of 5 A. If µ0 is the
permeability of free space, the magnitude of the magnetic field inside the solenoid is:
(a) 25µ0 (b) 250 µ0 (c) 2500 µ0 (d) None of these

Ans: (c) 2500 µ0

11. A magnetic dipole of length 10 cm has pole strength of 20 Am. Find the magnetic moment of the
dipole.
(a) 2 Am2 (b) 200 Am2 (c) 20 Am2 (d) 0.2 Am2
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Ans: (a) 2 Am
Explanation: Magnetic dipole moment = Pole strength × Magnetic length.
Magnetic dipole moment = 20 Am × 0.1 m
Magnetic dipole moment = 2 Am2.
12. The magnetic flux in a closed circuit of resistance 20 Ω varies with time t as Φ = 4t3 + 2t2 – 15t + 3.
Calculate the magnitude of induced emf at t = 1s.
(a) 3 V (b) 4 V (c) 5 V (d) 6 V
Ans: (b) 4 V
Explanation: Given: Resistance = 20 Ω; Φ = 4t3 + 2t2 – 15t + 3
Required equation ➔ ε = −dΦ/dt
ε=−d(4t3+2t2–15t+3)/dt = -(12t2 + 4t – 15 + 3)
= -12 – 4 + 15 – 3 (Since t = 1s)
=4V

For Questions 13 to 16, two statements are given – one labelled Assertion (A) and other labelled Reason
(R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the options as given below.
a) If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is correct explanation ofAssertion.
b) If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correctexplanation of Assertion.
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 c) If Assertion is true but Reason is false.
d) If both Assertion and Reason are false.
13. Assertion (A): When charges are shared between any two bodies, no charge is really lost but some
loss of energy does occur.
Reason (R): Some energy disappears in the form of heat, sparking etc.
Ans: a)
14. Assertion(A): Though the direction of electric current is well defined, yet it is treated as a scalar.
Reason (R): Electric current does not follow the laws of vector addition.
Ans: a)
15. Assertion (A): The sensitivity of a moving coil galvanometer is increased by placing a suitable
magnetic material as a core inside the coil.
Reason (R): Soft iron has high magnetic permeability and cannot be easily magnetized or
demagnetized.
Ans: c)
16. Assertion (A): Ferro-magnetic substances become paramagnetic above Curie temp.
Reason (R): Domains are destroyed at high temperature.
Ans: a)
SECTION-B
II. Answer the following in short. (05 x 02 = 10 Marks)
17(I). Mention the two characteristic properties of the material suitable for making core of a transformer.
Ans: Characteristic properties of material suitable for core of a transformer:
• It should have high permeability
• It should have low hysteresis loss.
• It should have low coercivity/retentivity.
• It should have high resistivity. (Any two)
OR
17(II). An alternating voltage given by V = 140 sin 314t is connected across a pure resistor of 50 ohm. Find:
(i) the frequency of the source (ii) the rms current through the resistor.
Ans:

= 1.98 A
18. Two identical circular wires P and Q each of radius R and carrying current ‘I’ are kept in
perpendicular planes such that they have a common centre as shown in the figure. Find the magnitude
and direction of the net magnetic field at the common centre of the two coils.

Ans: Magnetic field produced by the two coils at their common centre are:

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 The net magnetic field is directed at an angle of 45° with either of the fields.
19(I). The following graph shows the potential difference across the terminals of a cell against its load
current.

Find, (I) the emf of the cell and (II) the internal resistance of the cell.
Ans:

OR
19(II). A silver wire has a resistance of 2.1 Ω at 27.5 °C, and a resistance of 2.7 Ω at 100 °C.
Determine the temperature coefficient of resistivity of silver.
Ans. Resistance of silver wire at 27.5 °C R 1 = 2.1 Ω

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 20. The given graph shows variation of charge ‘q’ versus potential difference ‘V’ for two capacitors C1
and C2. Both the capacitors have same plate separation but plate area of C2 is greater than that of C1.
Which line (A or B) corresponds to C1 and why?

Ans:
Line B corresponds to C1 Reason: Since slope (qv) of ‘B’ is less than that of ‘A’
21. A charge q is placed inside a sphere of radius ‘a’ filled with water and another charge 2q is placed
inside cube of side ‘2a’ which is vacuumed inside. Find the ratio of the flux linked with the sphere to
that linked with the cube. (Take relative permittivity of water as 80).
Ans:

SECTION C
III. Answer the following in brief. (07 x 03 = 21 Marks)
22. A network of four capacitors, each of capacitance 30 pF, is connected across a battery of 60 V as
shown in the figure. Find the net capacitance and the energy stored in each capacitor.

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 Ans:

23. The figure given below shows an arrangement by which current flows through the bulb (X) connected
with coil B, when a.c. is passed through coil.

Explain the following observation: a) Bulb lights up. b) Bulb gets dimmer if the coil B is moved
upwards c) If a copper sheet is inserted in the gap between the coils, how the brightness of the bulb
would change?
Ans.: (a) Bulb lights up due to induced current setup in the coil B because of a.c. in coil A.
(b) Bulb gets dimmer if the coil B is moved upwards as the flux linked with coil B decreases and
induced current also decreases.
(c) When the copper sheet is inserted, eddy currents are set up in it which oppose the passage of
magnetic flux. The induced emf in coil B decrease. This decreases the brightness of the bulb.

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24. A galvanometer coil has a resistance of 15 Ω, and the metre shows full-scale deflection for a current
of 4 mA. How will you convert the metre into an ammeter of range 0 to 6 A?
Ans:

25. Write the order of frequency range and one use of the following e. m radiations.
(i) Microwaves ii) Ultra-violet rays iii) gamma rays
Ans: (i) Microwaves: 108 to 1012 Hz approx used in radars/microwave ovens
ii) Ultra violet rays: 1015 to 1018 Hz approx. sterilizing the medical instruments
iii) Gamma rays: 1018 to 1022 Hz in radio therapy, treating cancer and tumors.

26(I). An electric circuit consists of four resistors, R1 = 12 Ohm, R2 = 12 Ohm, R3 = 3 Ohm and R4 = 6
Ohm, and are connected with a source of emf E1 = 6 Volt, E2 = 12 Volt. Determine the electric
current flows in the circuit as shown in the figure below.

Ans: Resistor 1 (R1) and resistor 2 (R2) are connected in parallel. The equivalent resistor:
1/R12 = 1/R1 + 1/R2 = 1/12 + 1/12 = 2/12
R12 = 12/2 = 6 Ω
In this solution, the direction of the current is the same as the direction of clockwise rotation.
– I R12 – E1 – I R3 – I R4 + E2 = 0
– 6 I – 6 – 3I – 6I + 12 = 0
– 6I – 3I – 6I = 6 -12
– 15I = – 6
I = -6/-15
I = 2/5 A
Thus, current flowing through the circuit is 0.4 A.

OR

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26(II). Two metallic wires of the same material have the same length but cross-sectional area is in the ratio
1:2. They are connected:
(i) in series and
(ii) in parallel. Compare the drift velocities of electrons in the two wires in both the cases (i) and (ii).
Ans:

27. The frequency of a.c. is being increased, explain the effect of current in each case:

Ans. i) In the case of resistance nothing will happen as its not the functional of frequency
ii) In the case of an inductor (XL = ω𝐿 = 2πf L), when frequency will increase XL increases which
results in decrease of current and vice versa. iii) In the case of a capacitor XC = 1 𝜔𝐶 = 1 2𝜋𝑓𝐶, when
frequency will increase XC decreases which results in increase of current and vice versa
28. Define magnetic susceptibility of a material. Name two elements, one having positive susceptibility
and the other having negative susceptibility. What does negative susceptibility signify?
Ans:
(i) Magnetic susceptibility (χm): It is the property of a material which determines how easily it can be
magnetised when kept in a magnetising field. Also, it is the ratio of intensity of magnetisation (I)
produced in the material to the intensity of magnetising field (H).

(ii) Positive susceptibility: para-magnetic material Example: Al, Ca.

Negative susceptibility: diamagnetic material Example: Bi, Cu.

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 SECTION D
IV. (Question No. 29 to 30 are Case Study Based Question) (02 x 04 = 08 Marks)
29. An electrocardiogram records the electrical signals in your heart. It’s a common and painless test used
to quickly detect heart problems and monitor your heart’s health. During an ECG, up to 12 sensors
(electrodes) will be attached to your chest and limbs. The electrodes are sticky patches with wires that
connect to a monitor. They record the electrical signals that make your heart beat. A computer records
the information and displays it as waves on a monitor or on paper. It works on the principle that a
contracting muscle generates a small electric current that can be detected and measured through
electrodes suitably placed on the body. The voltage is in the range of 1mV ~ 5 mV. Using this
information and concepts of current electricity, answer any four of the following questions:

(i). The voltage range in which an ECG works is:

(a) 1-2 V (b) 1-10 V
(c) 1-5 V (d) 1-5 mV
Ans. (d) 1-5 mV
(ii). What is the purpose of the probes connected to the human body while taking an ECG?
(a) They supply current to the heart.
(b) They detect current when the heart muscles contract.
(c) Both a and b
(d) None of these.
Ans. (b) They detect current when the heart muscles contract.
(iii). How much current can a human body withstand?
(a) More than 10 mA (b) Less than 10 mA
(c) More than 1A (d) Less than 100 mA
Ans. (b) Less than 10 mA
(iv). Drift velocity is of the order of:
(a) about 10-6 ms-1 (b) about 104 ms-1
-4 -1
(c) about 10 ms (d) None of these
Ans. (c) about 10-4 ms-1
30. Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction, also known as Faraday’s law is the basic law of
electromagnetism which helps us to predict how a magnetic field would interact with an electric
circuit to produce an electromotive force (EMF). This phenomenon is known as electromagnetic
induction.

(i) The magnetic flux in a closed circuit of resistance 20 Ω varies with time t as Φ = 4t3 + 2t2 –
15t + 3. Calculate the magnitude of induced emf at t = 1s. (1)
3 2
Ans. Given: Resistance = 20 Ω; Φ = 4t + 2t – 15t + 3

(ii) A long straight current carrying wire passes normally through the centre of circular loop. If
the current through the wire increases, will there be an induced emf in the loop? Justify. (2)

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 Ans.

(iii) A metallic wire coil is stationary in a non – uniform magnetic field. What is the emf induced
in the coil? (1)
Ans: No emf is induced in the coil as there is no change in the magnetic flux linked with the
secondary coil.

SECTION E
V. Answer the following in detail. (03 x 05 = 15 Marks)
31(I). (A) A dielectric slab of thickness t, is introduced between the plates of parallel plate capacitor of area
A and separation d (where t<d). Find an expression for the capacitance with the dielectric slab.
(B) A capacitor is connected across a source of potential difference V and then the separation ‘d’
between the plates is increased using insulating stick. Plot ‘V’ vs ‘d’ graph for the given capacitor.
(C) A capacitor is connected across potential difference V and is then separation between plates ‘d’ is
increase using insulating stick. Will the energy stored in capacitor increase or decrease? Justify.
Ans. (A)

(B)

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 OR
31(II). (A) Net capacitance of three identical capacitors in series is 3 µF. What will be their net capacitance if
connected in parallel?
(B) Find the ratio of energy stored in the two configurations if they are both connected to the same
source.
Ans.

32(I). Explain briefly, with the help of a labelled diagram, the basic principle of the working of an a.c.
generator. In an a.c. generator, coil of N turns and area A is rotated at an angular velocity ω in a
uniform magnetic field B. Derive an expression for the instantaneous value of the emf induced in coil.
What is the source of energy generation in this device?
Ans:
AC Generator: It is a device used to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy
Principle: It is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. When a closed coil is rotated
rapidly in a strong magnetic field, the magnetic flux linked with the coil changes continuously. Hence
an emf is induced in the coil and a current flow in it. In fact, the mechanical energy expended in
rotating the coil appears as electrical energy in the coil.
Construction: Main Parts
1. Armature: It is a rectangular coil ABCD having a large number of turns of insulated copper wire
wound on a soft-iron core. The use of soft-iron core increases the magnetic flux linked with the
armature.
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 2. Field Magnet: It a strong electromagnet having concave pole pieces N and S. The armature is
rotated between these pole pieces about an axis perpendicular to the magnetic field.
3. Slip Rings: The leads from the armature coil ABCD are connected to two copper rings R1 and R2
called the ‘slip rings’. These rings are concentric with the axis of the armature coil and rotate with it.
4. Brushes: These are two carbon pieces B1 and B2 called brushes which remain stationary pressing
against the slip rings R1 and R2 respectively. The brushes are connected to an external circuit.
Working Theory : When the coil ABCD is rotated inside the field, an emf is induced between its two
ends. Let the plane of the coil be at right angles to the magnetic field at t = 0 and angular speed of the
rotation of the coil be ω. Then at time t, θ = ωt. The magnetic flux linked with the coil at time t is

In an ac generator the source of electrical energy is the mechanical energy

OR
32(II) (A) A metallic rod of ‘L’ length is rotated with angular frequency of ‘ω’ with one end hinged at the
centre and the other end at the circumference of a circular metallic ring of radius L, about an axis
passing through the centre and perpendicular to the plane of the ring. A constant and uniform
magnetic field B parallel to the axis is present everywhere. Deduce the expression for the emf between
the centre and the metallic ring.

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 (B) A wheel with 10 metallic spokes each 0.5 m long is rotated with a speed of 120 rev/min in a plane
normal to the horizontal component of earth’s magnetic field HE at a place. If HE = 0.4 G at the place,
what is the induced emf between the axle and the rim of the wheel? (1G = 10–4 T)
Ans. All points on the rod are moving perpendicular to the magnetic field. Hence, all elementary
small elements of the rod induce a small potential difference and the net potential difference in the rod
is the integration of the potential differences along the rod. Motional emf in a conductor moving
perpendicular to the field is given by:
ε=Bvl
The potential difference across a small element of rod dl ,

Hence total emf produced across the rod,

(B)

The number of spokes is immaterial because the emf’s across the spokes are in parallel.

33(I). (A) An input potential Vin=200 Sin 100𝜋𝑡 V is provided to an ideal transformer having 1000 turns in
primary coil and 100 turns in secondary coil as shown in figure. The load circuit has a resistance of
4Ω, a capacitive reactance of 2Ω and an inductive reactance of 6Ω. Find:
(i) the output voltage across the load circuit
(ii) the current flowing through the load circuit
(iii) the power supplied to the load circuit by the transformer
(B) State the working principle of a transformer and explain how it is a key component in the transfer
of electrical power over long distances.
Ans. (A) Given: In load circuit, R=4Ω, Xc=2 Ω, Xl=6 Ω, Np=1000,

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 (B) Ac transformer works on the principal of ‘Mutual Induction’ A.C transformer can increase output
potential. As P=V/I So increase in output potential results in decrease in output current, resulting in
significant decrease in power loss in transmission wires between power plants and Cities. In
respective cities they are stepped down.
OR
33(I). (A) Draw graphs showing the variations of inductive reactance and capacitive reactance with
frequency of applied ac source.
(B) Draw the phasor diagram for a series LRC circuit connected to an AC source.
(C) When an alternating voltage of 220V is applied across a device X, a current of 0.25A flows which
lags behind the applied voltage in phase by π/2 radian. If the same voltage is applied across another
device Y, the same current flows but now it is in phase with the applied voltage.
(i) Name the devices X and Y.
(ii) Calculate the current flowing in the circuit when the same voltage is applied across the series
combination of X and Y.
Ans: (A)

(B)

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_______________________________________END_______________________________________

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