Test Bank For Calculus Single Variable 6th Edition by Hughes Hallett Gleason and McCallum ISBN 0470888539 9780470888537 Download
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x
1. For any number r, let m(r) be the slope of the graph of the function y (2.3) at the point
x = r. Estimate m(4) to 2 decimal places.
Ans: 23.31
difficulty: medium section: 2.1
1/ 3
2. If x (V ) V is the length of the side of a cube in terms of its volume, V, calculate the
1/ 3
3. The length, x, of the side of a cube with volume V is given by x (V ) V . Is the
average rate of change of x with respect to V increasing or decreasing as the volume
V decreases?
Ans: increasing
difficulty: medium section: 2.1
Page 1
Chapter 2: Key Concept: The Derivative
4. If the graph of y = f(x) is shown below, arrange the following in ascending order with 1
representing the smallest value and 6 the largest.
Part A: 6
Part B: 3
Part C: 2
Part D: 4
Part E: 5
Part F: 1
difficulty: medium section: 2.1
5. The height of an object in feet above the ground is given in the following
table. Compute the average velocity over the interval 1 t 3.
t (sec) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
y (feet) 10 45 70 85 90 85 70
Ans: 20
difficulty: easy section: 2.1
Page 2
Chapter 2: Key Concept: The Derivative
6. The height of an object in feet above the ground is given in the following table. If
heights of the object are cut in half, how does the average velocity change, over a
given interval?
t (sec) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
y (feet) 10 45 70 85 90 85 70
7. The height of an object in feet above the ground is given in the following table, y f (t ) .
Make a graph of f (t ) . On your graph , what does the average velocity over a the
interval 0 t 3 represent?
t (sec) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
y (feet) 10 45 70 85 90 85 70
Page 3
Chapter 2: Key Concept: The Derivative
8. The graph of p(t), in the following figure, gives the position of a particle p at time t. List
the following quantities in order, smallest to largest with 1 representing the smallest
value.
A. Average velocity on 1 t 3.
B. Instantaneous velocity at t = 1.
C. Instantaneous velocity at t = 3.
Part A: 2
Part B: 3
Part C: 1
difficulty: medium section: 2.1
2
9. Estimate lim (6 h) 36 to 2 decimal places by substituting smaller and smaller
h 0 h
values of h.
Ans: 12
difficulty: easy section: 2.1
sin( h2 )
10. Estimate lim to 2 decimal places by substituting smaller and smaller
values of h
h 0 h
(use radians).
Ans: 0
difficulty: easy section: 2.1
Page 4
Chapter 2: Key Concept: The Derivative
11. A runner planned her strategy for running a half marathon, a distance of 13.1 miles. She
planned to run negative splits, faster speeds as time passed during the race. In the actual
race, she ran the first 6 miles in 48 minutes, the second 4 miles in 28 minutes and the last
3.1 miles in 18 minutes. What was her average velocity over the first 6 miles? What was
her average velocity over the entire race? Did she run negative splits?
A) 7.50 mph for the first 5 miles, 8.36 mph for the race, No
B) 8.36 mph for the first 5 miles, 7.50 mph for the race, No
C) 8.12 mph for the first 5 miles, 7.35 mph for the race, Yes
D) 7.35 mph for the first 5 miles, 8.12 mph for the race, No
Ans: A difficulty: medium section: 2.1
12. Let f (x ) x2 / 3 . Use a graph to decide which one of the following statements is true.
A) When x = -5, the derivative is negative; when x = 5, the derivative is positive; and
as x approaches infinity, the derivative approaches 0.
B) When x = -6, the derivative is positive; when x = 6, the derivative is also
positive, and as x approaches infinity, the derivative approaches 0.
C) When x = -7, the derivative is negative; when x = 7, the derivative is positive, and
as x approaches infinity, the derivative approaches infinity.
D) The derivative is positive at at all values of x.
Ans: A difficulty: easy section: 2.1
Ans: –4
difficulty: medium section: 2.2
14. Given the following data about a function f(x), the equation of the tangent line at x = 5
is approximated by
x 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6
f(x) 10 8 7 4 2 0 -1
A) y 5 –4( x 2) C) y 2 –4( x 5)
B) y 5 –8(x 2) D) y 2 –8(x 5)
Ans: C difficulty: medium section: 2.2
x
15. For f ( x) 2 , estimate f '(0) to 3 decimal places.
Ans: –0.693
difficulty: medium section: 2.2
Page 5
Chapter 2: Key Concept: The Derivative
16. Let f(x) = log(log(x)). Estimate f '(7) to 3 decimal places using any method.
Ans: 0.032
difficulty: hard section: 2.2
17. For f ( x ) log x , estimate f (3) to 3 decimal places by finding the average slope over
intervals containing the value x = 3.
Ans: 0.145
difficulty: medium section: 2.2
18. There is a function used by statisticians, called the error function, which is written y = erf
(x). Suppose you have a statistical calculator, which has a button for this function.
Playing with your calculator, you discover the following:
x erf(x)
1 0.29793972
0.10.03976165
0.01 0.00398929
0.001 0.000398942
0 0
Using this information alone, give an estimate for erf (0), the derivative of erf at x = 0 to
4 decimal places.
Ans: 0.3989
difficulty: medium section: 2.2
Page 6
Chapter 2: Key Concept: The Derivative
20. Given the following table of values for a Bessel function, J 0 ( x) , estimate the derivative
at x = 0.5.
x 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9
J 0 ( x) 1.0 .9975 .9900 .9776 .9604 .9385 .9120 .8812 .8463 .8075
Ans: –0.242
difficulty: medium section: 2.2
21. The data in the table report the average improvement in scores of six college freshmen
who took a writing assessment before and again after they had x hours of tutoring by a
tutor trained in a new method of instruction. When f(x)>0 the group showed
improvement on average.
x 2 3.5 5 6.5 8 9.5 11
f(x) -2 -1 0 3 7 9 10
a) Find the average change in score from 6.5 to 9.5 hours of tutoring.
b) Estimate the instantaneous rate of change at 8 hours.
c) Approximate the equation of the tangent line at x = 8 hours.
d) Use the tangent line to estimate f(8.5).
Ans: a) 2.00 points, b) 2.00 points, but answers may vary; c) y 7 2.00(x 8) ; d)
8 points
difficulty: medium section: 2.2
Page 7
Chapter 2: Key Concept: The Derivative
22. Use the graph of 5.5e3 x at the point (0, 5.5) to estimate f (0) to three decimal places.
A) 16.500 B) 36.823 C) 3.500 D) 146.507
Ans: A difficulty: easy section: 2.2
11 at the point
24. Use the limit of the difference quotient to find the derivative of g (x)
x 1
(1, 11/2).
A) 11 B) 11 C) -11 D) 11
4 2 2
Ans: A difficulty: medium section: 2.2
25. Could the first graph, A be the derivative of the second graph, B?
A B
Ans: yes
difficulty: medium section: 2.3
Page 8
Chapter 2: Key Concept: The Derivative
26. Could the first graph, A be the derivative of the second graph, B?
A B
Ans: no
difficulty: medium section: 2.3
Page 9
Chapter 2: Key Concept: The Derivative
27. Consider the function y = f(x) graphed below. At the point x = –3, is f '( x) positive,
negative, 0, or undefined?Note: f(x) is defined for -5 < x < 6, except x = 2.
Ans: positive
difficulty: medium section: 2.3
x
28. Estimate a formula for f '( x) for the function f ( x) 8 . Round constants to 3
decimal places.
x
Ans: (2.079)8
difficulty: hard section: 2.3
Page 10
Chapter 2: Key Concept: The Derivative
29. Could the first graph, A be the derivative of the second graph, B?
A B
Ans: yes
difficulty: medium section: 2.3
2
30. Find the derivative of g ( x ) 2 x 8 x 6 at x = 4 algebraically.
Ans: 24
difficulty: medium section: 2.3
Page 11
Chapter 2: Key Concept: The Derivative
2
31. To find the derivative of g ( x ) 2 x 5 x 9 at x = 8 algebraically, you evaluate the
following expression.
2 5(8 h) 9 (2 8 2 5 8 9)
A) lim 2(8 h )
h 0 h
g (8 1) g(8)
B)
h
C) lim g (h ) g(8)
h h
D) All of the above are correct.
E) None of the above is correct.
Ans: A difficulty: medium section: 2.3
3
32. Find the derivative of m( x ) 3x at x = 1 algebraically.
Ans: 9
difficulty: medium section: 2.3
33. Draw the graph of a continuous function y = g(x) that satisfies the following three
conditions:
• g (x) = 0 for x < 0
• g (x) > 0 for 0 < x < 4
• g (x) < 0 for x > 4
Ans: Answers will vary. One example:
Page 12
Chapter 2: Key Concept: The Derivative
34. The graph below shows the velocity of a bug traveling along a straight line on
the classroom floor.
v meters/sec
4
1
t sec
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
Page 13
Chapter 2: Key Concept: The Derivative
35. The graph below shows the velocity of a bug traveling along a straight line on
the classroom floor.
v meters/sec
4
1
t sec
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
Page 14
Chapter 2: Key Concept: The Derivative
36. he graph below shows the velocity of a bug traveling along a straight line on the
classroom floor.
v meters/sec
4
1
t sec
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
Graph the bug's speed at time, t. How does it differ from the bug's velocity?
speed
3
2
1 t
-1 1234567891011
-2
-3
Ans:
Speed is always non-negative, but has the same magnitude as the velocity.
difficulty: medium section: 2.3
37. Use the definition of the derivative function to find a formula for the slope of the graph of
1
f (t) .
9t 1
9
Ans: (9t 1)2
Page 15
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