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Bose Physics Learning Centre

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C. remains unchanged and its entropy has finite dis-
continuity
GATE 2011 D. has finite discontinuity and its entropy diverges

6. The semi-empirical mass formula for the binding en-

Q. 1 – Q. 25 carry one mark ergy of nucleus contains a surface correction term.
each. This term depends on the mass number A of the
nucleus as
1. Two matrices A and B are said to be similar if B =
P −1 AP for some invertible matrix P . Which of the A. A−1/3
following statements is NOT TRUE? B. A1/3
C. A2/3
(a) det A = det B
D. A
(b) Trace of A = Trace of B

e
(c) A and B have the same eigenvectors 7. The population inversion in a two level laser material

r
(d) A and B have the same eigenvalues CANNOT be achieved by optical pumping because

nt
2. If a force F⃗ is derivable from a potential function A. the rate of upward transitions is equal to the rate
V (r), where r is the distance from the origin of co- of downward transitions

Ce
ordinate system, it follows that B. the upward transitions are forbidden but down-
⃗ × F⃗ = 0
A. ∇
ni se ward transitions are allowed
C. the upward transitions are allowed but down-
ar o
⃗ · F⃗ = 0
B. ∇ ward transitions are forbidden
⃗ =0
ng
Le . B
C. ∇V D. the spontaneous decay rate of the higher level is
⃗ 2V = 0
D. ∇ very low

3. The quantum mechanical operator for the momen- 8. The temperature (T ) dependence of magnetic sus-
ceptibility (χ) of a ferromagnetic substance with a
ics . N

tum of a particle moving in one dimension is given

by Curie temperature (TC ) is given by
C
d
A. ih̄ dx (a) T −TC , for T < TC
d C
B. −ih̄ dx (b) T −TC , for T > TC
S

∂ C
C. ih̄ ∂t (c) T +TC , for T > TC
h̄2 d2 (d) C
D. − 2m dx2 T +TC , for all temperatures

4. A Carnot cycle operates on a working substance be- where C is constant.

tween two reservoirs at temperatures T1 and T2 ,
with T1 > T2 . During each cycle, an amount of 9. The order of magnitude of the energy gap of a typical
heat Q1 is extracted from the reservoir at T1 and an superconductor is
ys

amount Q2 is delivered to the reservoir at T2 . Which

A. 1 MeV
of the following statements is INCORRECT?
B. 1 KeV
Ph

A. work done in one cycle is Q1 − Q2 C. 1 eV

Q1 Q2
B. T1 = T2 D. 1 meV
C. entropy of the hotter reservoir decreases
10. Which of the following statements is CORRECT
D. entropy of the universe (consisting of the working
for a common emitter amplifier circuit?
substance and the two reservoirs) increases
A. The output is taken from the emitter
5. In a first order phase transition, at the transition
temperature, specific heat of the system B. There is 180◦ phase shift between input and out-
put voltages
A. diverges and its entropy remains the same C. There is no phase shift between input and output
B. diverges and its entropy has finite discontinuity voltages

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D. Both p-n junctions are forward biased A. ih̄(L2x + L2y )
B. 2ih̄Lz
11. A 3 × 3 matrix has elements such that its trace is
11 and its determinant is 36. The eigenvalues of the C. ih̄(L2x − L2y )
matrix are all known to be positive integers. The D. 0
largest eigenvalue of the matrix is
15. The normalized ground state wavefunction of a hy-
A. 18 drogen atom is given by ψ(r) = √14π a3/2 2
e−r/a ,
B. 12 where a is the Bohr radius and r is the distance of
C. 9 the electron from the nucleus, located at the origin.
The expectation value r12 is
D. 6
8π
A. a2
12. A heavy symmetrical top is rotating about its own 4π
axis of symmetry (the z-axis). If I1 , I2 and I3 are B. a2

e
4
the principal moments of inertia along x, y and z C. a2

r
axes respectively, then D. 2
a2

nt
A. I2 = I3 ; I1 ̸= I2 16. Two charges q and 2q are placed along the x-axis
B. I1 = I3 ; I1 ̸= I2 in front of a grounded, infinite conducting plane, as

Ce
C. I1 = I2 ; I1 ̸= I3 shown in the figure. They are located respectively

ni se
at a distance of 0.5 m and 1.5 m from the plane.
D. I1 ̸= I2 ̸= I3 The force acting on the charge q is
ar o
13. An electron with energy E is incident from left on a
potential barrier, given by

ng
Le . B

V (x) = 0 for x < 0
= V0 for x > 0

as shown in the figure.

ics . N
S

2
1 7q
A. 4πε0 2
1 2
B. 4πε0 2q
1 2
C. 4πε0 q
2
1 q
D. 4πε0 2

17. A uniform surface current is flowing in the positive

ys

y-direction over an infinite sheet lying in x-y plane.

The direction of the magnetic field is
For E < V0 , the space part of the wavefunction for
Ph

x > 0 is of the form A. along î for z > 0 and along −î for z < 0
A. eαx B. along k̂ for z > 0 and along −k̂ for z < 0
B. e−αx C. along −î for z > 0 and along î for z < 0
C. eiαx D. along −k̂ for z > 0 and along k̂ for z < 0
D. e−iαx 18. A magnetic dipole of dipole moment m ⃗ is placed in a
non-uniform magnetic field B.⃗ If the position vector
where α is a real positive quantity. of the dipole is ⃗r, the torque acting on the dipole
14. If Lx , Ly and Lz are respectively the x, y and z com- about the origin is
ponents of angular momentum operator L, the com-
mutator [Lx Ly , Lz ] is equal to

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A. ⃗r × (m ⃗
⃗ × B) ⃗ m
B. ⃗r × ∇( ⃗
⃗ · B) 24. For an intrinsic semiconductor, m∗e and m∗h are re-
⃗ ⃗ +⃗r × ∇(
⃗ m· ⃗ spectively the effective masses of electrons and holes
C. m⃗ ×B D. m×
⃗ B ⃗ B)
near the corresponding band edges. At a finite tem-
perature, the position of the Fermi level
19. Which of the following expressions for a vector po-
tential A⃗ DOES NOT represent a uniform mag-
netic field of magnitude B0 along the z-direction? A. depends on m∗e but not on m∗h

⃗ = (0, B0 x, 0) B. depends on m∗h but not on m∗e

A. A
⃗ = (−B0 y, 0, 0) C. depends on both m∗e and m∗h
B. A
D. depends neither on m∗e nor on m∗h
 
⃗ = B0 x , B0 y , 0
C. A 2 2
 
⃗ = − B0 y , B0 x , 0
D. A 2 2 25. In the following circuit, the voltage across and the

e
current through the 2 kΩ resistance are

r
20. A neutron passing through a detector is detected

nt
because of

A. the ionization it produces

Ce
B. the scintillation light it produces

ni se
C. the electron-hole pairs it produces
D. the secondary particles produced in a nuclear re-
ar o
action in the detector medium

ng
Le . B
21. An atom with one outer electron having orbital an- A. 20 V, 10 mA
gular momentum l is placed in a weak magnetic field.
The number of energy levels into which the higher B. 20 V, 5 mA
total angular momentum state splits, is
ics . N

C. 10 V, 10 mA

A. 2l + 2 B. 2l + 1 D. 10 V, 5 mA
C. 2l D. 2l − 1
S

22. For a multi-electron atom, l, L and S specify the one- Q. 26 to Q. 55 carry two marks
electron orbital angular momentum, total orbital an-
gular momentum and total spin angular momentum, each.
respectively. The selection rules for electric dipole
transition between the two electronic energy levels, 26. The unit vector normal to the surface x2 +y 2 −z = 1
specified by l, L and S are at the point P (1, 1, 1) is
ys

A. ∆L = 0, ±1; ∆S = 0; ∆l = 0, ±1
î+√
ĵ−k̂
B. ∆L = 0, ±1; ∆S = 0; ∆l = ±1 A. 3
Ph

C. ∆L = 0, ±1; ∆S = ±1; ∆l = 0, ±1 2î+

B. √ĵ−k̂
6
D. ∆L = 0, ±1; ∆S = ±1; ∆l = ±1
î+2
√ĵ−k̂
C. 6
23. For a three-dimensional crystal having N primitive
unit cells with a basis of p atoms, the number of 2î+2ĵ−k̂
D. 3
optical branches is

A. 3 27. Consider a cylinder of height h and radius a, closed

B. 3p at both ends, centered at the origin. Let ⃗r = îx +
ĵy + k̂z be the position vector and n̂ a unit
R vector
C. 3p − 3 normal to the surface. The surface integral S ⃗r · n̂ds
D. 3N − 3p over the closed surface of the cylinder is

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A. α = 2, β = 1/2
B. α = 2, β = 2
C. α = 1, β = 1
D. α = 1/2, β = 2

32. Two particles, each of rest mass m collide head-on

and stick together. Before collision, the speed of
each mass was 0.6 times the speed of light in free
space. The mass of the final entity is

A. 5m/4
B. 2m
A. 2πa2 (a + h) B. 3πa2 h C. 5m/2

e
C. 2πa2 h D. zero D. 25m/8

r
nt
28. The solutions to the differential equation 33. The normalized eigenstates of a particle in a one-
dimensional potential well
dy x
=−
dx y+1

0 if 0 ≤ x ≤ a

Ce
V (x) =
∞ otherwise

ni se
are a family of

A. circles with different radii are given by

ar o
B. circles with different centres r
2  nπx 
C.
ng
straight lines with different slopes ψn (x) = sin , where n = 1, 2, 3, · · ·
Le . B
a a
D. straight lines with different intercepts on the y-
axis The particle is subjected to a perturbation
 ′
V (x) V0 cos πx for 0 ≤ x ≤ a2


29. A particle is moving under the action of a general- a
ics . N

ized potential 0 otherwise

(1 + q̇) The shift in the ground state energy due to the per-
V (q, q̇) =
q2 turbation, in the first order perturbation theory, is
S

The magnitude of the generalized force is A. 2V0

3π
2(1+q̇) V0
A. q3
B. 3π
V0
B. 2(1−q̇) C. − 3π
q3
C. 2 D. − 2V
3π
0
q3
q̇
D. q3 34. If the isothermal compressibility of a solid is κτ =
−1
10−10 (Pa) , the pressure required to increase its
ys

30. Two bodies of mass m and 2m are connected by a density by 1% is approximately

spring of spring constant k. The frequency of the
normal mode is A. 104 Pa
Ph

B. 106 Pa
p
A. 3k/2m
C. 108 Pa
p
B. k/m
D. 1010 Pa
p
C. 2k/3m
p
D. k/2m 35. A system of N non-interacting and distinguishable
particles of spin 1 is in thermodynamic equilibrium.
31. Let (p, q) and (P, Q) be two pairs of canonical vari-
The entropy of the system is
ables. The transformation
Q = q α cos (βp) A. 2kB ln N
P = q α sin (βp) B. 3kB ln N
is canonical for C. N kB ln 2

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D. N kB ln 3 39. In the β-decay of neutron n → p + e− + ν̄e , the
anti-neutrino ν̄e escapes detection. Its existence is
36. A system has two energy levels with energies ε and inferred from the measurement of
2ε. The lower level is 4-fold degenerate while the
upper level is doubly degenerate. If there are N non- A. energy distribution of electrons
interacting classical particles in the system, which is
B. angular distribution of electrons
in thermodynamic equilibrium at a temperature T ,
the fraction of particles in the upper level is C. helicity distribution of electrons

1
D. forward-backward asymmetry of electrons
(a) 1+e−ε/kB T

(b) 1 40. The isospin and the strangeness of Ω− baryon are

1+2eε/kB T
1
(c) 2eε/kB T +4e2ε/kB T A. 1, −3
1 B. 0, −3
(d)

e
2eε/kB T −4e2ε/kB T
C. 1, 3

r
37. A spherical conductor of radius a is placed in a uni-
⃗ = E0 k̂. The potential at a point
form electric field E D. 0, 3

nt
P (r, θ) for r > a, is given by
41. The lifetime of an atomic state is 1 nanosecond. The
E0 a3 natural line width of the spectral line in the emission

Ce
φ(r, θ) = constant − E0 r cos θ + 2 cos θ spectrum of this state is of the order of
r

ni se
where r is the distance of P from the centre O of the
sphere and θ is the angle OP makes with the z-axis.
A. 10−10 eV B. 10−9 eV
ar o
C. 10−6 eV D. 10−4 eV

ng
Le . B
42. The degeneracy of an excited state of nitrogen atom
having electronic configuration 1s2 2s2 2p2 3d1 is

A. 6
ics . N

B. 10
C. 15
D. 150
S

43. The far infrared rotational absorption spectrum of a

diatomic molecule shows equidistant lines with spac-
ing 20 cm−1 . The position of the first Stokes line in
the rotational Raman spectrum of this molecule is

A. 20 cm−1
The charge density on the sphere at θ = 30◦ is
B. 40 cm−1
ys

√
A. 3 3ε0 E0 /2
C. 60 cm−1
B. 3ε0 E0 /2
D. 120 cm−1
Ph

√
C. 3ε0 E0 /2
D. ε0 E0 /2 44. A metal with body centered cubic (bcc) structure
shows the first (i.e. smallest angle) diffraction peak
38. According to the single particle nuclear shell model, at a Bragg angle of θ = 30◦ . The wavelength of X-
the spin-parity of the ground state of 178 O is ray used is 2.1 Å. The volume of the PRIMITIVE
unit cell of the metal is
1−
A. 2
A. 26.2(Å)3
3−
B. 2 B. 13.1(Å)3
3+
C. 2 C. 9.3(Å)3
5+
D. 2 D. 4.6(Å)3

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45. In the following circuit, Tr1 and Tr2 are identical B.
transistors having VBE = 0.7 V. The current pass-
ing through the transistor Tr2 is

C.

r e
nt
A. 57 mA
B. 50 mA
C. 48 mA

Ce
ni se
D. 43 mA

46. The following Boolean expression Y = A • B̄ • C̄ •

ar o
D̄ + Ā • B • C̄ • D + Ā • B̄ • C̄ • D + Ā • B̄ • C • D +
Ā • B • C • D + A • B̄ • C̄ • D can be simplified to

ng
Le . B
A. Ā • B̄ • C + A • D̄ B. Ā • B • C̄ + A • D̄ D.
C. A • B̄ • C̄ + Ā • D D. A • B̄ • C + Ā • D
ics . N

47. Consider the following circuit.

S

Common Data Questions

ys

Common Data for Questions 48 and 49:

Which of the following correctly represents the out- z sin z
put Vout corresponding to the input Vin ? Consider a function f (z) = (z−π)2 of a complex vari-
Ph

able z.
A.
48. Which of the following statements is TRUE for the
function f (z)?

A. f (z) is analytic everywhere in the complex plane

B. f (z) has a zero at z = π
C. f (z) has a pole of order 2 at z = π
D. f (z) has a simple pole at z = π

H contour |z|= 1
49. Consider a counterclockwise circular
about the origin. The integral f (z)dz over this
contour is

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A. −iπ 53. For the value of α determined in Q. 52, the expec-
B. zero tation value of energy of the oscillator in the state
ψ2 is
C. iπ
D. 2iπ A. h̄ω
B. 3h̄ω/2
Common Data for Questions 50 and 51:
C. 3h̄ω
The tight binding energy dispersion (E-k) relation
for electrons in a one-dimensional array of atoms D. 9h̄ω/2
having lattice constant a and total length L is
Statement for Linked Answer Questions 54
E = E0 − β − 2γ cos (ka), and 55:
A plane electromagnetic wave has the magnetic field
where E0 , β and γ are constants and k is the wave- given by
vector.

e
 
⃗ k
B(x, y, z, t) = B0 sin (x + y) √ + ωt k̂

r
50. The density of states of electrons (including spin de-
2
generacy) in the band is given by

nt
L where k is the wave number and î, ĵ and k̂ are the
A. πγa sin (ka) Cartesian unit vectors in x, y and z directions, re-

Ce
L spectively.
B. 2πγa sin (ka)

ni se ⃗
L
C. 2πγa cos (ka)
54. The electric field E(x, y, z, t) corresponding to the
L above wave is given by
D.
ar o
πγa cos (ka) h i
A. cB0 sin (x + y) √k2 + ωt (î− ĵ)

ng
51. The effective mass of electrons in the band is given
√
Le . B
2
by
h i
B. cB0 sin (x + y) √k2 + ωt (î+√
ĵ)
2
h̄2
A.
h i
γa2 cos (ka) C. cB0 sin (x + y) √k2 + ωt î
ics . N

h̄2
B. 2γa2 cos (ka)
h i
D. cB0 sin (x + y) √k2 + ωt ĵ
h̄2
C. γa2 sin (ka)
h̄2
55. The average Poynting vector is given by
D. 2γa2 sin (ka)
S

cB02 (î−ĵ)
A. 2µ0
√
2
cB 2 (î−ĵ)
Linked Answer Questions B. − 2µ00 √
2
cB02 (î+ĵ)
Statement for Linked Answer Questions 52 C. 2µ0
√
2
and 53: cB 2 (î+ĵ)
D. − 2µ00 √
2
In a one-dimensional harmonic oscillator, ε0 , ε1 and
ε2 are respectively the ground, first and the second
ys

excited states. These three states are normalized General Aptitude (GA) Ques-
and are orthogonal to one another. ψ1 and ψ2 are
tions
Ph

two states defined by

ψ1 = φ0 − 2φ1 + 3φ2 Q. 56 – Q. 60 carry one mark each.

ψ2 = φ0 − φ1 + αφ2
56. Choose the most appropriate word from the options
where α is a constant. given below to complete the following sentence.
If you are trying to make a strong impression
52. The value of α for which ψ2 is orthogonal to ψ1 is on your audience, you cannot do so by being
understated, tentative or .
A. 2
B. 1 A. hyperbolic
C. −1 B. restrained
D. −2 C. argumentative

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D. indifferent D. 7

57. Choose the most appropriate word(s) from the op- 62. The variable cost (V ) of manufacturing a product
tions given below to complete the following sentence. varies according to the equation V = 4q, where q is
I contemplated Singapore for my vaca- the quantity produced. The fixed cost (F ) of pro-
tion but decided against it. duction of same product reduces with q according
to the equation F = 100/q. How many units should
A. to visit be produced to minimize the total cost (V + F )?
B. having to visit
A. 5
C. visiting
B. 4
D. for a visit
C. 7
58. If log (P ) = (1/2) log (Q) = (1/3) log (R), then D. 6
which of the following options is TRUE?

e
63. P, Q, R and S are four types of dangerous microbes

r
A. P 2 = Q3 R2 recently found in a human habitat. The area of each

nt
B. Q2 = P R circle with its diameter printed in brackets repre-
sents the growth of a single microbe surviving hu-
C. Q2 = R3 P man immunity system within 24 hours of entering

Ce
D. R = P 2 Q2 the body. The danger to human beings varies pro-

ni se
portionately with the toxicity, potency and growth
59. Which of the following options is the closest in the attributed to a microbe shown in the figure below:
meaning to the word below:
ar o
Inexplicable

ng
Le . B
A. Incomprehensible
B. Indelible
C. Inextricable
ics . N

D. Infallible

60. Choose the word from the options given below that
is most nearly opposite in meaning to the given
word:
S

Amalgamate

A. merge A pharmaceutical company is contemplating the de-

B. split velopment of a vaccine against the most dangerous
microbe. Which microbe should the company target
C. collect in its first attempt?
D. separate
A. P
ys

Q. 61 to Q. 65 carry two marks each. B. Q

61. A transporter receives the same number of orders C. R
Ph

each day. Currently, he has some pending orders D. S

(backlog) to be shipped. If he uses 7 trucks, then at
the end of the 4th day he can clear all the orders. 64. Few school curricula include a unit on how
Alternatively, if he uses only 3 trucks, then all the to deal with bereavement and grief, and yet
orders are cleared at the end of the 10th day. What all students at some point in their lives suffer
is the minimum number of trucks required so that from losses through death and parting.
there will be no pending order at the end of the 5th Based on the above passage which topic would not
day? be included in a unit on bereavement?
A. 4 A. how to write a letter of condolence
B. 5 B. what emotional stages are passed through in the
C. 6 healing process

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C. what the leading causes of death are
D. how to give support to a grieving friend

65. A container originally contains 10 litres of pure

spirit. From this container 1 litre of spirit is re-
placed with 1 litre of water. Subsequently, 1 litre of
the mixture is again replaced with 1 litre of water
and this process is repeated one more time. How
much spirit is now left in the container?

A. 7.58 litres
B. 7.84 litres
C. 7 litres

e
D. 7.29 litres

r
nt
Ce
ni se
ar o
ng
Le . B
ics . N
S
ys
Ph

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