Research Article

HEALTH MANAGEMENT FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

Umar Effendi 1, Candra Kusuma Negara 2

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this research is to determine the health management practices of learners in
elementary schools. The research used a qualitative approach with case study design in three
elementary schools in Banjarmasin City. The results of the study generally indicate that the
implementation of health efforts for elementary school students in Banjarmasin City can be
implemented as a result of the consistency of local government towards the implementation of
policies both organisasional through coordination between institutions and operational
conducted in schools. Successful implementation of health efforts for students in schools
depends on the management process developed in schools, from planning, organizing,
implementing / mobilizing, and controlling health business activities in schools on an ongoing
basis. Based on the results of the study, then as an alternative in improving the performance of
health business management in school researchers recommend hypothetical model of health
business management for learners in Elementary School.
Keywords: Elementary School Students, Management Process, School Health Effort

Introduction processing skills, emotional and social awareness

School-age children consist of middle and skills, and moral character development.
childhood (ages 6-10 years) and early (Huitt, et al, 2009). Disturbances in the
adolescence (11-14 years). The average age of process of growth and development of children
primary school children in Indonesia is between due to exposure to a disease, bad environment,
6-12 years. Elementary school children are accidents, or unsafe social influences for children
included in school age who are very vulnerable to will affect children's learning achievement.
physical, psychological and social disorders While at school, children interact with other
because children have started to interact more children, teachers and education personnel from
openly with the environment, peers and other various environmental backgrounds and are
adults (including teachers). On the other hand, likely to be easily exposed to various infectious
children do not yet have sufficient deterrent diseases. Likewise, the possibility of injury due to
power physically, psychosocially and spiritually physical activities that are often done by children
in determining what is best for themselves. (Onis at school, such as sports or when children play. In
et al, 2007; Department of Education and Early addition, it is possible that schools will accept
Childhood Development-Victoria, 2012; UNESCO, children who have a history of chronic health
2012; Nurihsan, 2011). problems such as asthma, diabetes mellitus, heart
Based on the results of the research that has disease and others who occasionally attack at
been done, the process of growth and school. Therefore, the existence of health services
development of children and children's health in schools is one of the most important needs in
factors will have a direct or indirect influence on the implementation of education in schools. (Case
children's learning achievements. (Case Paxson, & Paxson, 2006; Lear, 2007; Valois, R.F. Slade &
2006; Hass & Fosse, 2008; Basch, CE, 2010; Ashford, 2011). Schools must be able to ensure
Valois, R.F. Slade & Ashford, 2011). the availability of a healthy, safe and comfortable
Learning achievement can be seen from environment for every child and provide
academic and non-academic achievements. comprehensive health services that will help each
Academic achievement can be identified from the child to grow and develop optimally. (Onis et al,
acquisition of grades in each given subject. While 2007; Cetinkaya, 2009; RI Law No. 36 of 2009
non-academic achievements can be seen from the concerning Health; Department of Education and
affective and psychomotor abilities achieved by Early Childhood Development-Victoria, 2012;
students. In other words, student achievement UNESCO, 2012).
can be seen from the outcomes produced by Awareness about the importance of health for
education, namely the achievement of cognitive school-age children has been echoed by WHO
since 1995 which initiated the global school
health initiative. The aim of this WHO initiative is screening and counseling by Puskesmas officers,
to mobilize and strengthen health promotion and and others. (Ministry of Health RI, 2013).
education at the local, national, regional, and even Seeing this aspect of the assessment in the LSS,
global levels. The program targets are students, careful preparation is needed from the school,
educational staff at schools, families (parents of related institutions such as the Education and
students) and other groups in the community Culture Office, Health Office, Regional
who will support the success of health promotion Government, and other elements that contribute
in schools. (WHO, 1996; WHO, 2000). WHO's to the expected healthy school implementation.
initiation of health promotion in schools has To accommodate the need for organizing student
become an international issue that moves health efforts in schools, an organizational
countries in the world to develop health development concept is also needed that is able
promotion in the school environment. to leverage all existing elements to achieve the
In Indonesia, health efforts in schools are expected goals. Organizational development is an
carried out in order to realize Law no. 36 of 2009 applied process based on behavioral science that
concerning Health, article 79 which states that helps organizations build their capacity to change
school health efforts are carried out to improve and to achieve organizational effectiveness.
the ability to live healthy lives of students in a Organizational development in schools begins
healthy environment so that students can learn, with the strength of the change plan, especially
grow and develop harmoniously into quality project management or innovation that builds the
human resources. To achieve this goal, the ability of the school organization from its current
Government of Indonesia issued a policy of condition to achieve the expected goals.
fostering and developing school health Organizational development is oriented towards
businesses which are managed jointly by 4 (four) improving the total system, therefore an
Ministries, namely: Minister of Education and important function in organizational
Culture, Minister of Health, Minister of Religion, development is the effectiveness of the
and Minister of Home Affairs through Joint management processes carried out. (Wahab,
Regulation of 4 Ministers Number 6/ X/PB/2014, 2011).
Number 7 of 2014, Number 41 of 2014, and The management process will run well if the
Number 81 of 2014 concerning the Guidance and management functions run in synergy. These
Development of School/Madrasah Health management functions are planning (planning),
Business. Based on this policy, all schools from organizing (organizing), implementation and
TK/RA, SD/MI, SMP/MTs, and SMA/SMK/MA leadership (leading), and supervision
along with special schools from all levels are (controlling) or better known as the POLC
required to carry out health efforts in schools in framework (Carpenter & Sanders, 2009). The
accordance with nationally established success of student health efforts in schools cannot
guidelines. be separated from the extent to which these
The cleanliness of Banjarmasin City has management functions can be carried out and
maintained the title as "UKS City" since 1996 until synergize with general learning programs in
now, indicating that the aspects assessed in the schools.
Healthy School Competition can be fulfilled The implementation of student health efforts
properly. The things that are assessed in the in schools in a holistic manner consists of
National Level Healthy School Contest, among managing the health status of students, providing
others: (1) Assessment of the UKS Guidance Team infrastructure and a healthy and safe school
at the Provincial, Regency/Municipal, and District environment, as well as multidisciplinary
levels. Aspects assessed include UKS collaboration from across institutions to provide
development activities including monitoring, holistic health services. (Fowler, 2004; Fowler &
training, and school involvement; (2) Assessment Dell, 2005; Department Of Defense Education
of the school, with aspects assessed including the Activity, 2007; Onis et al, 2007; Cetinkaya, 2009;
cleanliness of classroom facilities/infrastructure, Foster Social Development In Early Childhood,
teacher's room, canteen, toilets, clean water, hand 2009; State Government Victoria. Department of
washing areas, places of worship, condition of Education and Early Childhood Development ,
trash cans, and UKS room; (3) Assessment of 2012; UNESCO, 2012).
students' health behavior, including knowledge Based on the results of a preliminary study
of UKS, clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS); conducted by researchers in Banjarmasin City
(4) Assessment of the implementation of health Information was obtained that the Banjarmasin
services, such as the implementation of health City Government, in this case the Banjarmasin
City UKS Guidance Team, had determined the UKS are potential institutions for school-age children
strata that was adjusted to the conditions and to grow and develop optimally. Schools provide
abilities of schools in implementing UKS. The data human resources, environment and
showed that almost all schools in Banjarmasin infrastructure as well as a school management
City (98.88%) had implemented UKS. Of the system (school culture) that is able to
schools that have implemented UKS, most accommodate children's needs to be able to
(62.88%) are in the standard, optimal and adapt, excel and integrate various basic
plenary strata. This means that most of them have knowledge for their future interests.
implemented the UKS Trias in accordance with Student health efforts in schools consist of
the standards set based on the results of the UKS implementing health education, checking the
National Working Meeting (2004). Ibtidaiyah health status of students, providing
Elementary School/Madrasah Ibtidaiyah is the infrastructure and a healthy school environment.
largest educational institution in Banjarmasin For the successful management of student health
City and all of them (100%) have implemented in schools requires a strong commitment from
UKS. health efforts for students in schools and every element involved, especially from the
how the impact of UKS implementation on government. The government provides policies
improving health degrees and changes in healthy and legalities that underlie the implementation of
living behavior that will support student student health efforts in schools. (Fowler, 2004;
achievement optimally. Fowler & Dell, 2005; Department Of Defense
The framework of thought in this research is Education Activity, 2007; Onis et al, 2007;
based on the understanding that complete Cetinkaya, 2009; Foster Social Development In
(holistic) health is one of the factors that support Early Childhood, 2009; Valois, R.F. Slade &
the success of a person (individual) in achieving Ashford, 2011; State Government Victoria
achievement through the teaching and learning Department of Education and Early Childhood
process he takes. (Paxson, 2006; Hass & Fosse, Development, 2012; UNESCO, 2012).
2008; Basch. CE, 2010; Valois. Robert. F, 2011). A As a form of implementation of student
person's health in the early days of life until health business policies in schools and to
school age is an important aspect in a person's accommodate the implementation of student
continuity to excel at the next level of education health efforts in schools, an organizational
(Hass & Fosse, 2008). In this study focused on development concept is needed that is able to
school-age children, where this age is the age at leverage all existing elements to achieve the
which a person begins to interact with the wider expected goals. Organizational development
environment of their parents and family. At this begins with the strength of the change plan,
age children have faced many challenges from the especially project management or innovation that
surrounding environment and people outside builds organizational capabilities from the
their families, including peers, teachers and other current condition to achieve the expected goals
adults. (Mc.Devitt & Ormrod, 2002; Fowler, 2004; (McLean. Gary. N, 2005; Gazaryan. Wahab, 2011).
Fowler & Dell, 2005; Onis et al, 2007; Cetinkaya, The implementation of health efforts in schools
2009; Foster Social Development In Early needs to be managed systematically through the
Childhood, 2009; Papalia et al, 2010; Desmita, implementation of management functions
2012). (planning, organizing, implementing, and
Disturbances in the process of growth and controlling).
development of children due to exposure to a The results of implementing student health
disease, bad environment, accidents, or unsafe efforts in schools are expected that students will
social influences for children will affect children's receive structured health care insurance, obtain
learning achievement. Therefore, schools must be education and skills related to healthy lifestyles,
able to ensure the availability of a healthy, safe and obtain healthy facilities and environment in
and comfortable environment for every child and schools so that the teaching and learning process
provide comprehensive health services that will is more conducive. All of these aspects are in
help each child to grow and develop optimally. order to improve the health status of students
(Onis et al, 2007; Cetinkaya, 2009; RI Law No. 36 holistically. With excellent health, students will
of 2009 concerning Health; Department of have the potential to participate in the teaching
Education and Early Childhood Development and learning process optimally and show
Victoria, 2012; UNESCO, 2012). Schools as open satisfactory learning achievements both
social systems are widely influenced by the academically and non-academicly.
environment and vice versa (Hoy & Miskel, 2008)
 with the process of student health management
METHOD in schools as a direct policy implementation
This research uses an approach qualitative. operations, which include: implementation of
While the research strategy that used is a case management functions (planning, organizing,
study. Qualitative approach with case study implementing and controlling), coordination,
method used to study and answer problems, as funding and information systems
well as finding, and obtaining deeper meaning of management carried out and the impact of the
Management Health of Students in Elementary business health of students towards achievement
Schools, in this is a case study at SDN performance. Data collection is done by in-depth
Suryakencana CBM, SDN Dewi Sartika CBM and interview with the speaker sources/participants
SDN Sukasirna Kota Banjarmasin. according to research needs, documentation
The unit of analysis of this research is social study and observation of activities UKS at the
situations in which the business management designated school/location.
process health of elementary school students in Researchers triangulate sources data to avoid
the city Banjarmasin implemented. Sources of bias obtained from results of interviews,
data that required according to the unit of documentation and observation studies, and
analysis of this research determined purposively, focus more on operational aspects student health
that is, determined management in schools. Along with this process,
by adjusting to the research objectives. Data the researcher carried out analysis and validation
collection was obtained from the results of of data from various sources integrated manner.
interviews, study of documentation and Results of data processing then summarized /
observation of activities related to health efforts concluded and become input to answer questions
in schools study. The final stage of the researcher proposes
direct. Hypothetical Model of Participant Health
The research process begins with Management Educate in Elementary School
researchers' observations of phenomena that according to the results study.
occurs in the implementation of health business
in schools from various literatures, direct RESULT
observation in schools and in the media mass. In general, research findings shows that
Then the researcher develops assumptions business operations health for elementary school
research and confirm/explain the realm students in the city Banjarmasin can be
which will be studied from the observed implemented as a result of local government
phenomena consistency towards good policy implementation
researcher. In this stage, the researcher also organizationally through cross-institutional
conducts coordination as well as operations carried out in
strengthening of literature, concepts and results schools.
previous research that is in line with organizing The success of the implementation of the
health efforts for participants learn at school. health business for students at school is very
Researchers make selections the object of dependent of the management process developed
research by conducting a study introduction that in school, starting from planning, organizing,
begins with study documentation of reports UKS implementing/activating, and control of health
implementation, Government Policy related to business activities in schools.
the implementation of UKS, the news on print and Specific research findings shows that :
internet media related to the results of the 1. Organizing health business for participants
competition healthy schools both at the learning in schools is the implementation of
provincial and local levels National, and policies that have been set by Centralized
implementation guidelines UKS issued by the government. Local government have
Ministry of Health Education and Culture as well autonomy in determining regional policies
as the Ministry Health. Next, the researcher did related to the implementation of health
direct observation to Banjarmasin City. efforts in schools in accordance with the
Researchers carry out research stages by health needs of students in the area
collecting data intensively on the policy factors 2. Business operation success health for
for the implementation of UKS in Banjarmasin students at school is very depending on the
City which includes the formulation, strategy, management process developed in schools,
policy implementation and evaluation. starting from
Furthermore, researchers collect related data planning,organizing,implementation/movem
 ent,and control health business activities in status and support achievement student
schools sustainable. learning achievement.
a. Good and purposeful planning can From the results of the research above, it was
determine the success rate of the also found that some discrepancies to be
program health care in schools. noticed researchers, namely:
Obscurity outcome indicators in 1. Policy aspects
planning result in difficulties in a. In policy control organizing participant
determine the success rate of the health business students at school are not
program. paid attention follow-up to the
b. Proper organization helps smooth development of UKS activities in LSS ex-
running of the program health care in champion schools, so that many UKS
schools. Availability adequate human facilities in schools it is not well
resources and neadiness of all maintained.
elements of the school in support the b. Activity reporting system mechanism
implementation of business UKS from schools to Team UKS
programs Health in school is very Supervisor (Sub-district and City) not
important program success. supported by the documentation
c. Successful implementation of systematic. This causes the difficulty in
business programs health in schools assessing the level successful policy
depends on Principal leadership and implementation implementation of UKS
commitment of all elements of the in Banjarmasin City.
school to support program c. Policybusiness operation health in
implementation. schools has not had an impact
d. Control of health business programs significantly on behavior change healthy
in school is carried out with efforts living in the community around the
monitoring, evaluation and school.
assessment. Weaknesses in setting
2. Aspects of the health business
the program work and indicators of
management process students at school
success result in difficulty in
assessing program success and a. Planning Function
determine follow-up program. 1) UKS Work Formulation Program use the
3. Cross-institutional coordination in standard format determined by the UKS
organizing health efforts for participants Advisory Team City, showing no indicator
students in schools are driven and driven by the success of each activity planned. This
Local Government as needed health business will for the UKS Implementation Team at
development in schools. school to assess program success after
4. Organizing participant's health business held.
education in schools is funded by the 2) More descriptions of UKS program
Government. The school has the authority to activities focuses on the health aspect
manage and seek funding for health physically. Activities from aspects of
businesses students at school. psychosocial health and spiritual is not
5. Use of management information systems visible in the program
student health (SIMKesdik) in schools assist b. Organizing function
in the control process student health data 1) The main obstacle in organization of
continuously starting from the collection health efforts in school is a limitation of
data, documentation, reporting and decision- human resources (both from UKS
making for follow-up student health business Guidance Teachers and from health
activities school. center staff). so many activities are not
6. Impact of health efforts on participants implemented according to the program.
students at school can be seen clearly from c. Execution function
student health monitoring periodic, changes 1) As a result of limited human resources,
in healthy living behavior, increasing then many UKS programs can't
knowledge about health, and keep the school implemented according to the program.
environment clean and healthy all of which 2) Implementation of health services for
will have an impact on increasing health students are limited to activities Regular
health center run that is networking
 health, immunization, eradication of The collaboration of the four ministries
infectious diseases, health education and hierarchically designed from the center to the
giving supplements/supplements. regions, as well as involving key officials at
d. Control function every level governance requires a good
1) Control activities that carried out by the understanding balance of every official
UKS Implementation Team in school is
involved. This matter it's not easy to
not documented with good, so hard to
remember the dynamics of government
judge development of existing programs
held. Indonesia is currently growing and often
2) The UKS Implementing Team did not changed. Based on the results of research that
make UKS activity reports as shown has conducted in Banjarmasin City, it was
should be done to the Team UKS builder. found that In general, the implementation of
3) There is a sufficient gap between the UKS can implemented because of the
work program and the indicators of commitment jointly driven directly by Local
program success determined by the government to support implementation of
government (guidelines) implementation UKS in every school. The Regional
of UKS in schools). Government of Banjarmasin City took the
d. Aspects of cross-institutional
dominant portion in setting policy
coordination implementation of UKS in Banjarmasin City,
1) Implementation of cross-institutional so that every element of government and
coordination in the implementation government officials from various sectors can
of UKS in the City Banjarmasin is very carry out activities in accordance with the
intensive at this time implementation policies set by the Regional Government.
of activities that initiated by the UKS Formulation of business implementation
Advisory Team Cities/Districts such policy school health is based on awareness to
as LSS and UKS Jamboree. Outside improve well-being communities that are
activities it is limited to schools with specifically addressed to school community
Health Center to implement health to prepare healthy, intelligent and
service activities routinely carried
prosperous generation. With see the results
out.
of the study of real conditions in the
f. Aspects of using information systems
community then the health business
student health management
implementation policy schools are
1) The school has no documentation
student health data complete and formulated to improve and correcting
continuous. Health development of perceived deficiencies, and strengthen and
students unknown. develop potential existing ones become more
2) Health data reporting mechanism optimal for the interests of the wider
students who have been screened community.
health is carried out by the Health Business implementation policy
Center. No feedback on examination formulation school health results in a
results health for the parents of strategy which is used as a reference and
participants educate for follow-up guide for implementing policies at the
services health
organizational level as well as operational.
Policy implementation in organizational level
DISCUSSION implemented by the Team UKS supervisor in
1. Regional Policy in Implementation Health
the context of coaching and
Efforts for Elementary School Students.
The UKS implementation policy which school health business development, while at
has been originally involved 4 Ministries, the operational level it is carried out by the
namely: education unit, where the main target is are
Ministry of Health, Ministry of Education and students.
Culture, Ministry of Religion, and The Implementation of participant's health
Ministry of Home Affairs is a opportunities as business policy learning at school is a very
well as challenges for every institution the. important process important in assessing
policy success that. Policy implementation
will be successful good if the policy is The success of students' health efforts in
understood What is clear by policy actors in Schools cannot be separated from the extent
this case is UKS Guidance Team and UKS to which management functions start from
Implementation Team in schools, and planning, organizing, leading and controlling
conversely policy makers need to know can be run and synergize with learning
exactly the objectives of the policy and programs common in schools. Business
problems that occur at the policy location it operation holistic health of students in
will be implemented. Policy socialization schools consists of managing the health
very important to give understanding of status of participants education, provision of
policy objectives and benefits specifically to infrastructure and the environment healthy
increase the degree student health, and in schools, as well as multidisciplinary
general for increase awareness of healthy collaboration from cross-institutional to
living behavior in school and community organize holistic health services. (Fowler,
environment. Support from the government 2004; Fowler & Dell, 2005; Department Of
or the head of the institution in, policy Defense Education Activity, 2007; Onis et al,
implementation is very necessary for 2007; Cetinkaya, 2009; Foster Social
mobilize existing resources to support the Development In Early Childhood, 2009;
success of policies that held. Valois. Robert. F, 2011; State Government
Control of business implementation Victoria. Department of Education and Early
policies the health of students in schools Childhood Development, 2012; UNESCO,
needs to be done continuously by reporting, 2012).
continuous evaluation and supervision to Student health business planning in
ensure the policy process is implemented in school begins with a study of needs and
the field and assess the level of success desires to realize healthy and intelligent
enforced policies. students. Desir This is stated in the school's
Student health business policy in schools vision and mission as a statement of
are expected to have an impact on improving commitment to all citizens schools to
the health status of students and the organize health efforts for students at school.
occurrence of changes in clean and healthy Desired goal achieved in the implementation
living behavior in among students. With of health business students in schools are
increasing The health status of students is described in strategies maintenance,
expected to be have an impact on increasing including by curriculum development to
the potential for learning well and be a smart accommodate student health business
person, highly competitive and can provide activities in curricular and extracurricular
contribute to nation building. programs. Program work is structured taking
2. Participant Health Business Management into account abilities and potential that exist
Process Educate in Elementary School in schools and cross-institutional
Basically the business management multidisciplinary support for meet the health
process The health of students in schools is a needs of students comprehensively.
operational implementation of the policy Organizing student health efforts at school is
organizing student health efforts set by the a process carried out for manage the
government. Management of student health resources owned by the school to carry out a
efforts in Schools don't just carry out number of activities in order to achieve the
mandate of government policy, but it must be goal of increasing the level of student health
realized that the health aspect of students is and build habits live clean and healthy.
an important aspect in supporting the Resource organization Human resources in
smooth the educational process of students schools must be arranged in such a way in
in schools. Aspect Health is an individual such a way that it does not overlap with
need of every student that must be activities others at school. The role of health
considered when students are in the school workers is very dominant in the
environment. implementation of health services
comprehensively through promotional
activities, preventive, curative and of students is an element that will able to give
rehabilitative in schools, by Therefore, the contribution in realize these needs.
presence of professional health workers such Fulfillment The health needs of students
as health nurses need to be considered as a include: physical, psychological, social health
way out to improve continuity health services needs and spiritual also complete the need
to students. Involvement of various parties for facilities infrastructure and a healthy
across institutions and society at large in the school environment and conducive and
implementation of health efforts in schools policies that needed to support compliance
require the principal Schools to be more those needs.
proactive in socialize the health business 4. Funding for Student Health Business
program schools and build cross- Primary school
institutional collaboration and develop Funding for student health efforts in
effective and efficient collaboration with school is the responsibility of the government
community institutions. managed by the school with the principle of
Implementation of health efforts for school based management. School by
students in schools must be adapted to the autonomy has the right to manage finances
needs holistic health of students, namely: and funds available according to need
includes physical, psychological, social and organizing student health efforts in schools
spiritual. Implementation of business and develop business partnerships with
activities health in schools can be institutions in the community to support
implemented by good if all elements of the funding wherever possible well accounted
school and supporters of the institution is for.
committed to implementing it according to 5. Implementation of Management
the established program. The principal's Information System Health of Elementary
leadership role in move and motivate all School Students.
elements school to carry out activities will be The results of research carried out
very great influence on the success of the related to use of management information
implementation health efforts for students in systems student health (SIMKesdik) in
schools. schools The basis of Banjarmasin City in
Control of health business activities for general proves that with the help of
students at school includes efforts to computers management of student health in
monitoring and evaluation supported by schools can be implemented more effectively
recording and reporting to view, assess and and efficiently. Results The research is in
ensure the implementation of business accordance with the description put forward
activities health for students in schools. by Laudon & Laudon (2007) that
Control is carried out periodically and management information systems based on
sustainable, one of the ways that used by the computers in general can improve processes
government (regional) in monitor and business in two ways, namely: (1) increasing
evaluate implementation Health business business process efficiency due to increased
activities in schools are by organize healthy coordination, avoid duplication and speeding
school competitions tiered starting from the up the process thereby saving time; (2)
district level, City/District, Province and even changing business processes in the form of
National level which is held every year. change the shape of the product to digital,
3. Coordination between Internal and make the procedure easier. Use of
Institutions Implementation of management information systems the health
Participant Health Business Educate in of students can improve the performance of
Elementary School. the UKS Implementation Team at schools in
Multidisciplinary coordination across manage student health data starting from
institutions within implementation of health continuous documentation of health data,
efforts in schools in basically is to meet the processing data into reports and increase
needs holistic health of students. Elements speed in retrieval decisions due to
involved in business coordination The health simplification of tasks and reporting process
flow starting from the Implementation Team on Health, article 79 and described in detail
at schools to the UKS Guidance Team located more clearly in the Joint Rule four Ministries,
in District, City/District, Province up to namely: Minister of Education and Culture,
Center. Minister of Health, Minister of Religion, and
6. Impact of Students' Health Efforts School the Minister of Home Affairs through
Against Participant Achievement Educate Regulations Together with 4 Ministers
Elementary School. Number 6/X/PB/2014, Number 7 of 2014,
Health aspects will affect direct student Number 41 of 2014, and Number 81 2014
achievement or indirectly, because of health concerning Development and Health
factors will provide support for the child's Business Development School/Madrasah.
physical fitness / stamina to follow age- Based on policy then all schools starting
appropriate activities provide TK/RA, SD/MI, SMP/MTs, and SMA/SMK/MA
encouragement to move actively, and along with Extraordinary schools of all levels
increase motivation to learn something age- are required to carry out health efforts in
appropriate. Statement is the same as the school in accordance with the guidelines that
statement that expressed by several authors have been determined nationally.
and researchers (Case Paxson, 2006; Hass & Childhood growth and development
Fosse, 2008; Basch. CE, 2010; Valois, R.F. school is strongly influenced by factors that
slides & Ashford, 2011) which states that the brought him to this stage, namely: school
process education can be taken and entry age (elementary school age ranged
implemented optimally when students are in from 6-12 years), gender, background family
adequate physical, psychological, social and background, medical history before phase
moral and spiritual. this, and the state of health when the child
entered school. Most of the productive time
RESEARCH HYPOTHETIC MODEL owned by school-age children, an average of
Referring to the research framework, 6-7 hours a day spent in the school
research results, theoretical studies and environment. Therefore school is a strategic
concepts as well as the discussion that has place for children learn to socialize with the
been described, then researchers propose a social environment wider after family and
hypothetical model of management health of environment around the house. The school
students in elementary schools. provides facilities and educational facilities,
Model This hypothetical is an alternative human resources, namely educators
to management the health of students in (teachers) and other education staff who
elementary school starts from setting support the learning process in schools.
policies, implementing operations in schools, Schools develop learning curriculum
and the impact maintenance of increasing according to the needs and policies enforced
degrees holistic health of students support to meet educational standards nationally.
the improvement of participants' learning School builds culture education and a safe,
achievement educate. comfortable environment and conducive to
This hypothetical model consists of input preparing students ready to learn and
elements, processes, outputs and outcomes. contribute in all educational activities carried
Description of each element in the out.
description of the hypothetical model these The existence of the school as a means
are as follows: public services receive attention and support
1. Input (input) from the surrounding community. Support
The input factors in this model consist of the community towards the existence of the
national policy for business administration school is very closely related to the
school health, student characteristics, school community's need for adequate educational
institutions, and society. service facilities for educate and educate the
Business administration policy national public. Related with the aspect of health, the
health has been determined by in the Law of existence of facilities health services in the
the Republic of Indonesia Number 36 of 2009 community become a very vital input for the
implementation of student health efforts in government in conducting business health in
schools. Thereby also with community schools, which are further elaborated into
support in the form of active participation of strategies in schools according to
community members in create a healthy characteristics and health needs of
school environment and financial support to participants specifically teach. Planning to
increase and developing health services in produce the formulation of a directed
school environment. (measured) program for achieve the
2. Process expected goals. Indicator success is very vital
The factors involved in the process in planning as a benchmark in assess the
consist of: government policies in the success of the program. With program
implementation of health efforts in schools directed at achieving goals, the school set a
including policy cross-institutional budget according to need.
coordination to support organizing student Organizing in management the health of
health efforts in school and health business students in schools is empower all
management processes students at school. contributing elements in organizing the
The government makes policies on health participant's health business learn in school
efforts for participants educated at school both from the internal environment school
based on the consideration that aspects of the and from other institutions outside the
health of students must be pursued optimally school. Schools regulate resource
to prepare generations successor of a empowerment human, infrastructure and
healthy, intelligent and prosperous nation. other resources available to support business
Health business policies in schools are implementation health of students in schools.
formulated to meet the needs of students for With empowerment of all elements in the
holistic health while students are in school. school for the implementation of student
Efforts to meet health needs holistic for health efforts in schools, schools need to
students in schools involving various cross- build culture organization that fits the
sectoral/institutional disciplines organized strategy so that a healthy lifestyle in the
by the government in accordance with school environment can really be lived and
government policy. implemented by all school members.
Schools as operational units Likewise for support the success of health
accommodate business operations the health efforts for students in schools, schools need
of students in schools is necessary develop to open up opportunities for collaborative
the school organization to be more flexible efforts with other parties which has the
and more effective. It is necessary for that potential to develop a health business
organizational development concept students at school. Presence of energy full-
(organizational development) capable of time healthcare health services and
leveraging all the elements that exist to promotion in schools become the key to the
achieve expected goal. Organizational success of the health business in school.
development oriented to total system Student health business program in schools
improvement, therefore an important consist of health education, health services,
function in organizational development is and environmental development healthy
process effectiveness implemented schools that meet the needs holistic health of
management. Process management will run students. Success implementation of the
well if the management functions work in participant's health program students are
synergy. Management functions These are strongly influenced by leadership Principal in
planning organize (organizing), run communicating, motivate and move all the
(leading), and controlling (controlling). elements that are in school to actively
Planning in health management students implement activities according to the
in school-oriented plans to meet the health established program and take the right
needs of students holistically at school. decision in implementation of activities.
Planning student health business Successful implementation too influenced
management refers to the established policy by school organizational commitment to
align performance, psychological and the health of students holistically, as well as
capacity to learn and change from all increasing awareness students to behave
elements in the school environment. clean and healthy both in school and outside
Harmony performance occurs when the school environment. Impact of business
whole system school organization which results holistic health of students is expected
consists of structure, systems, people, and to improve health status students and will
culture match goals and strategies for ultimately improve achievement of academic
student health efforts. Psychological and non-academic achievements students in
harmony is touch emotional state of all the accordance with the educational objectives in
elements involved, especially the Principal to school.
achieve the goals, the mission and values 4. Feedback
contained in the business health of students Results and impact of student health
in schools. And if in school continuously efforts in schools as input for improvement
aligns performance and psychological then efforts, policy development or change
these two things will encourage the capacity implementation of health efforts in schools
of all elements in the school to learn and that determined by the Government and
change in order improve and develop provide input to improve management
business health of students in schools. processes health care in schools.
Control in health management students in
schools carried out for ensure and assess Conclusion
management processes implemented in The results of research that focus on
accordance with the targets that have been organizing student health efforts elementary
set. Internal control function organizing school by looking at the management process
student health efforts in schools include carried out in an effort to support optimal
monitoring, evaluation, recording and student achievement shows that business
reporting. Control process basically occurs at operations health for elementary school
all stages of the process management from students in the city Banjarmasin can be
planning, organizing, implementing and implemented as a result of local government
evaluating. By Therefore, for the purposes of consistency towards good policy
control it is necessary supported by the implementation organizationally through
existence of an information system health inter-institutional coordination as well as
management system that provides operations carried out in schools.
processing of participant health data and Hypothetical model of participant health
information complete, continuous, accurate management students in elementary schools
and real time. Health management that are proposed are alternative to student
information system students will make it health management in elementary schools
easier to record, documentation and starting from setting policies, operational
processing of health data students for the management in schools, and the impact of
sake of taking the right decision to improve implementation on improving the health
and develop student health efforts in school. status of students holistic that supports
3. Output and Impact achievement improvement learn students.
Output factors from business operations Submission of a hypothetical model from this
the health of students in schools is research is expected to provide input to
maintenance of student health, change clean improve quality health business
and healthy living behavior, as well as management for students in school so as to
improvement clean and healthy school increase the degree the health of students
environment. Whereas the impact is an which ultimately affects on improving
increase in health status students and student achievement at school.
increase student achievement educate.
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