08/06/2023
CHEM B Please stick the barcode label here.
TWGHs Sun Hoi Directors’ College
Candidate Number
Final Examination
CHEMISTRY
SECTION B : Question-Answer Book B
This paper must be answered in English
INSTRUCTIONS FOR SECTION B
(1) Refer to the general instructions on the cover of the
Question Paper for Section A.
(2) Answer ALL questions.
(3) Write your answers in the spaces provided in this
Question-Answer Book. Do not write in the margins.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
(4) An asterisk (*) has been put next to the questions
where one mark will be awarded for effective
communication.
(5) Supplementary answer sheets will be provided on
request. Write your candidate number, mark the
question number box and stick a barcode label on
each sheet, and fasten them with string INSIDE this
Question-Answer Book.
(6) No extra time will be given to candidates for sticking
on the barcode labels or filling in the question
number boxes after the ‘Time is up’ announcement.
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Section B: Answer ALL questions. Write your answer in the spaces provided.
1. In term of atomic structure, hydrogen (1H) and deuterium (2D) are isotopes.
(a) What is the difference between a hydrogen atom and a deuterium atom?
(1 mark)
(b) When hydrogen and oxygen are mixed and ignited, water is formed. Similarly, deuterium
reacts with oxygen to form a compound called ‘heavy water’.
(i) Explain why deuterium reacts with oxygen in the same way as hydrogen.
(1 mark)
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
(ii) Draw an electron diagram of ‘heavy water’, showing electrons in the outermost shells
only.
(1 mark)
(c) Explain why water can dissolve most ionic compounds.
.
(2 marks)
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
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2. Copper is extracted from the ore chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) in the three stage process:
Stage 1: Obtain copper(I) sulphide by heating the ore chalcopyrite with silicon dioxide and oxygen.
Stage 2: Covert the copper(I) sulphide to copper(II) oxide.
Stage 3: Extract copper from copper(II) oxide using carbon.
(a) Blance the following equation in the first stage in which copper(I) sulphide is formed.
____CuFeS2 + ____SiO2 + ____O2 Cu2S + ____FeSiO3 + ____SO2
(1 mark)
(b) Copper can be extracted from copper(II) oxide by using carbon in Stage 3. Write a chemical
equation for the reaction involved.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
(1 mark)
(c) Scrap iron can be used to extract copper from dilute aqueous solution containing copper(II)
ions.
(i) Write an ionic equation for the reaction of iron with copper(II) ions in aqueous solution.
(1 mark)
(ii) Describe the colour change of the solution if an excess of iron is added. Explain your
answer.
(2 marks)
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
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3. The melting point and boiling points of three substances at 1 atmospheric pressure are listed in the
table below.
Substance Melting point (oC) Boiling point (oC)
Argon –189 –186
Bromine –7 59
Chlorine –101 –35
(a) Arrange the substances in ascending order of melting point. Explain the difference in their
melting point in terms of structure and bonding.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
(4 marks)
(b) Sodium can react with chlorine to form sodium chloride. Explain why sodium chloride is
brittle.
(2 marks)
(c) Rubidium (Rb) is a Group I element in the Periodic Table. It reacts with bromine to for an
ionic compound.
(i) Write a chemical equation for the reaction involved.
(1 mark)
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
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(ii) Write the electronic arrangement of a rubidium ion.
(1 mark)
(iii) Explain whether rubidium or potassium react with bromine more vigorously.
(1 mark)
4. Full in the blanks with the corresponding chemical name or chemical formula.
Chemical name Chemical formula
Ammonium carbonate
Aluminium hydroxide
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
K2Cr2O7
NaHCO3
iron(III) nitrite
Calcium oxide
MgS
AgO
(8 marks)
5. A student performed an experiment to study the reaction between metal and oxygen. A small
amount of zinc powder was placed in a crucible and strongly heated for 10 minutes. The student
opened and closed the lid of crucible occasionally.
The data collected was listed below:
Mass of crucible + lid: 20.35 g
Mass of crucible + lid + zinc powder: 22.45 g
Mass of crucible + lid + zinc oxide: 22.90 g
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
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(a) Determine the empirical formula of the zinc oxide from the above data.
(4 marks)
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(b) The student dissolved all the zinc oxide in 100.0 cm of 0.5 M hydrochloric acid to make zinc
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
chloride crystals.
(i) Write a chemical equation for the above reaction.
(1 mark)
(ii) Show that the zinc oxide used is in excess by calculation. And, calculate the excess
amount of zinc oxide. (Relative atomic masses: O = 16.0, Zn = 65.4)
(3 marks)
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
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(c) Explain why the student needs to open and close the lid of crucible occasionally.
(1 mark)
6. Rust is a reddish brown solid with the chemical formula Fe2O3 • nH2O.
(a) What are the essential conditions for rusting to occur?
(2 marks)
(b) Write a chemical equation for the rusting of iron
(1 mark)
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
(c) 6.91 g of a rust sample is heated strongly in a crucible. After heating, 4.73 g of solid left.
(i) Calculate the value of n in the rust sample.
(3 marks)
(ii) Suggest ONE source of error in the experiment in (c)(i).
(1 mark)
(iii) Hence, calculate the percentage by mass of iron in the rust sample.
(2 marks)
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
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(d) Suggest TWO factors that speed up rusting.
(2 marks)
(e) Suggest TWO methods used to protect iron from rusting.
(2 marks)
7. A brand of baking powder contains a mixture of tartaric acid and sodium hydrogencarbonate. In
making cakes, water and a little baking powder are added to flour. When dissolved in water, the
acid and hydrogencarbonate react and liberate carbon dioxide. When sodium hydrogencarbonate is
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
heated, sodium carbonate, carbon dioxide and water are also produced. The percentage by mass of
sodium hydrogencarbonate in baking powder can be found by the following steps:
Step 1: Add excess dilute sulphuric acid to 2.00 g of baking powder.
Step 2: Collect the carbon dioxide evolved by a gas syringe.
Step 3: Weigh the carbon dioxide collected.
(a) Tartaric acid is a dibasic acid. What is the meaning of the term ‘dibasic acid’?
(1 mark)
(b) Why should the baking powder be kept in a dry place?
(1 mark)
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
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(c) (i) Write a chemical equation for the reaction between dilute sulphuric acid and sodium
hydrogencarbonate.
(1 mark)
(ii) Explain why dilute sulphuric acid should be in excess.
(1 mark)
8. Chromic acid (H2CrO4) is a strong dibasic acid. In an experiment, 10.0 g of magnesium is added to
500 cm3 of 1.0 M chromic acid.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
(a) What is the meaning of the term ‘strong acid’?
(1 mark)
(b) Write the ionic equation for the reaction between magnesium and chromic acid.
(1 mark)
(c) How do you know that the reaction has completed?
(1 mark)
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(d) Calculate the number of moles of H+ ion in 500 cm3 of 1.0 M chromic acid. Show your
calculation.
(1 mark)
(e) Calculate the pH of the reaction mixture after the reaction.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
(4 marks)
9. Chlorine bleach is a common domestic cleaner. The active ingredient in chlorine bleach is sodium
hypochlorite (NaOCl).
(a) What is the molarity of hypochlorite ions if the bleach contains 4.2% by mass of sodium
hypochlorite? Assume the density of bleach solution is 1.0 g cm -3.
(Relative atomic mass: O = 16.0, Na = 23.0, Cl = 35.5)
(3 marks)
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(b) If 50 cm3 of bleach is diluted to 250 cm3, what is concentration of hypochlorite ions in the
diluted solution (in g dm-3)?
(3 marks)
*10. Outline the steps in preparing dry solid lead(II) sulphate from solid lead(II) nitrate. You should state
the additional chemical reagents required, but need not mention the apparatus involved.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
(4 marks)
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
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11. For each of the following experiments, state TWO expected observation(s), and write the chemical
equation(s) for the reaction(s) involved.
(a) Burning a piece of zinc in air and allow it to cool down
(3 marks)
(b) Putting a piece of aluminium in sulphuric acid
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
(3 marks)
(c) Putting a piece of potassium metal in water.
(3 marks)
END OF PAPER
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
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