TRIAL ONE EVALUATION TEST

PHYSICS PAPER ONE 232/1.

MARCH 2019 EXAMS.
MARKING SCHEME
1. Mechanics is one of the branches of physics. State what it deals with. (1 mark)
Study of motion of bodies under the influence of forces.;
2. In an experiment to determine the relative density of a substance using a density bottle the
following measurements were taken.
- Mass of empty density bottle = 43.2 g
- Mass of bottle full of water = 66.4 g
- Mass of bottle filled with liquid X = 68.2g

Use the data to determine the density of the liquids. (3marks)

68.2−43.2
Density = mass of substance/volume of equal volume of water = ;; =
66.4−43.2
25
= 1.078g/cm;;
23.2

3. The figure below shows a soap film formed on a metal ring and a loop of thread inside it.

Metal ring

Figure 1
Soap film

X Loop of thread

(i) Explain what will happen when the film is punctured/pierced by a needle at X. (2marks)

The loop of thread stretch to form a perfect circular loop.; Surface tension pulls the
thread along the length of the thread making the loop.;

(ii) What is the name given to the force acting on the thread? (1mark)
Surface tension;
4. Why are gases more compressible while liquids and solids are almost incompressible? (1mark)

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 There exists large intermolecular distance between the molecules;
5. Explain why when graduating the upper fixed point of a thermometer; the bulb is put in steam
and not boiling water.
(1marks)Impurities in water raise the boiling point of water.
6. While heating water in a beaker, wire gauze is place below the beaker. Explain.(2marks)
The gauze being a good conductor ;spreads heat to the whole of the bottom
of the beaker. ;Direct heating might cause the beaker to break due to
expansion in a small area.

7. A ball bearing of mass 1.5 x 10-4 kg is held between the anvil and spindle of a micrometer screw
gauge as shown in the figure below.

Figure 2 0 35

30

Ball bearing

The reading between completely closed jaws without any object between them is 0.03 mm.
(i) What is the diameter of the ball bearing? (2mark);
2.83 -0.03 = 2.80 mm,
(ii) Find the density of the ball bearing correct to 3 significant figures and in SI units.
4 22
V= x x 0.143 = 0.01149866 cm3
3 7
0.15 g
Density = 3 ; = 13.04499 g/cm3 ;
0.01149866 cm
(2marks)

8. Explain why a Matatu is more likely to topple over when the roof rack is heavily loaded than
when the roof rack is empty. (2marks)

The cog is raised; so that when negotiating a corner the line through the cog may
fall outside the base. ;

9.

Temp (0c)

Time (Min)
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10. The graph shows variation of extension and stretching force F for a spring which obeys Hooke’s law.

Extension e (cm)
12

0
0 4 8 12 16 20 24
Force (N)
(i) Determine the spring constant in SI units .(2marks)

F 20
K= = ; = 200N/m;
e 0.1
(ii) The energy stored when the extension is 20cm. (2marks)

E = ½ Ke2 = ½ x 200 x 0.22 ;= 4J;

11. (a) An aero plane is moving horizontally through still air at a uniform speed. It is observed that
when the speed of the plane is increased, its height above the ground increases. State the reason for
this observation. (1mark)
Air above the plane moves faster than below(because of its shape) creating a
region of low pressure above the plane hence experience a lift due to
pressure difference.;(b) Figure 5 shows parts A, B and C of a glass tube.

A B C

Figure 3

State with a reason the part of the tube in which the pressure will be lowest when air is blown
through the tube from A towards C. (2marks)

B; because the cross-sectional area is smaller hence the air moves faster;

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 Section B (55 marks)

12. (a) When a body is partially or totally immersed in a fluid, it experiences an uptrust
equal to the weight of the fluid displaced.

(b)
(i) Measure density or relative density of liquids.
(ii) To make it float upright.
(iii) To displace large amount of liquid.

(c)
(i) ww = 20 – 12 = 8N
R.d(s) = 20N = 2.5
8N
Ls = 2.5 x 1g/cm3 = 2.5g/cm3

(ii) R.d(l) = 6N = 0.75

8N
Ll = 0.75 x 1g/cm3
= 0.75 g/cm3

(d) Volume of water to displace

8 x 5 x 2 = 80cm3
mw = 80 x 1g/cm3
= 80g
ww = 0.08kg x 10
= 0.8N

13. (a) State two differences between boiling and evaporation. (2mks)

- Boiling is the change of state form liquid to vapor at constant temperature while
evaporation takes place at any temperature.;

- Boiling takes place throughout the liquid while evaporation takes place on the
surface of the liquid.;

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(b) 1200 g of a liquid at 200 C is poured into a well -lagged calorimeter. An electric heater rated 1 KW is
used to heat the liquid. The graph below shows the variation of temperature of the liquid with time.

100

Te
mp 80
erat
ure
(0C)
60

40

20

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Use the graph below to answer the following questions: Time (minutes)

(i) What is the boiling point of the liquid? (1mark)

0
80 C;
(ii) How much heat is given out by the heater to take the liquid to the boiling point?

(2marks)

E = Pt = 1000 x 6 x 60 ;= 360000J;

(iii) Determine the specific heat capacity of the liquid stating any assumptions made.
(3marks)

360000
Pt = mc Δθ; c= ; = 5000J/kgK;
1.2 x (80 – 20)

(iv) Mlv=pt v =1000x4x60=50/1000xlv v

(v) 240000=0.5lv

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 (vi) =4800000j/kg/k

14. (a) State Boyle’s law. (1mark)

It states that the pressure of a fixed mass of a gas is inversely proportional to

its volume provided temperature is kept constant.

(b) A bicycle pump, with its exit hole closed 80 cm3 of air at 760 mmHg pressures and a temperature of
70 C. When the air has been compressed to 38 cm3 under 1720 mmHg pressure, its temperature rises.

( i) Calculate the rise in temperature. (3marks)

PV
Use equation =k, P1= 760mmHg, P2=1720mmHg, V1=80cm3, V2=38cm3,
T
T1= 280K, T2=?
P1V 1 P2V 2
= ;
T1 T2
1720 x 38 x 280
T2 = ; = 301K;
760 x 80
Temperature rise = 301 – 280 = 210C;
(ii) Explain why the temperature rises. (1mark)

The increase in temperature increases the rate at which the molecules bombard the
walls of the container therefore their kinetic energy is converted into heat energy
hence rise in temperature. This is the work done is compressing the gas converted
to heat energy.

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 (c) State one advantage of force pump over lift pump. (1mark)
Does not depend on atmospheric pressure;
Produces continuous flow of water

(d) The figure below shows a force pump

Piston up
Figure 5 Outlet pipe

Chamber X Piston

Valve 2 Chamber Y

Valve 1

Pipe to well

(i) Explain why when the piston is pulled upwards valve 1 opens and valve 2 closes. (2marks)

Pressure in Y is less than atmospheric pressure.; Water is pushed into Y opening

valve 1. Valve 2 closed chamber X is at atmospheric pressure;

(ii) Explain how continuous flow of water is maintained in the pump. (1mark)
Maintained by the compressed air in chamber X which expands.

;
(a) State two factors affecting centripetal force. 2mk
(2marks)

Velocity of the body,;

Mass and ;
Radius of the circle.

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 1mk

1mk

2mk

1mk

Max=5mk

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 4T 2 4 πM 2
Slope = =
4γ F
0.59 − 0.35
Slope =
0.3 − 0.175
0.24
¿ = 1.92
0.125
4 π2 M
= 1.92
F
4 × 3.142 2 × 0.05
F=
1.92
¿ 1.028N

16.(a) Name a device used to convert light energy directly into electrical energy. (1 mark)

………photocell……………………………………………………………………………………………
(b) A girl whose mass is 60 kg runs up a flight of 20 steps each 15 cm in 40 seconds. Calculate the
power developed by the girl. (3mk)

……………P=mgh/t

60x10x20x1.5/40

45w

(c) (i) The figure below shows an incomplete arrangement of the pulley. Draw on the diagram the
string arrangement that would give a velocity ratio of 3. (1 mark)

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 (ii) The pulley system is used to raise a load of 160 N through a distance of 40m. If the effort
applied is 80N, determine

a) Mechanical advantage (2 marks)

…………………………………………………………………………………………
MA=L/E
160/80
2
b) Efficiency of the pulley system (3 marks)

E=MA/E X100 V

2/3 X100 V

66.67% V

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