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Materials: Metals and
Non-Metals Class 8
Extra Questions
Science Chapter 4
October 11, 2019 by Sastry CBSE
Materials: Metals and
Non-Metals Class 8 Extra
Questions Science
Chapter 4
Materials: Metals and Non-
Metals Class 8 Extra Questions
Very Short Answer Questions
Question 1.
Name some common metals.
Answer:
Copper, aluminium, iron, silver, gold, etc.
Question 2.
Name some common non-metals.
Answer:
Hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, sulphur, phosphorus, etc.
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Question 3.
Give examples of metalloids.
Answer:
Antimony, arsenic, silicon, boron, etc.
Question 4.
Name the property due to which metals shine.
Answer:
Lustre
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Question 5.
Name two metals which are soft enough to be cut.
Answer:
Potassium and sodium
Question 6.
Name the property due to which metals can be
beaten into thin sheets.
Answer:
Malleability
Question 7.
Which non-metal does conduct heat and electricity?
Answer:
Carbon
Question 8.
Name the property due to which metals can be
drawn into wires.
Answer:
Ductility
Question 9.
Name the metal and non-metal which occur in liquid
state.
Answer:
Mercury (metal), bromine (non-metal).
Question 10.
Due to which property a bell rings?
Answer:
Sonority
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Question 11.
Generally non-metals are non-lustrous. Name one
non-metal which is lustrous.
Answer:
Iodine
Question 12.
State the property of non-metals due to which
phosphorus is kept in water.
Answer:
Non-metals do not react with water.
Question 13.
Why some metals displace other metals from their
solution?
Answer:
Because of being more reactive than the metals
which they displace.
Question 14.
Which metal is used for wrapping food items?
Answer:
Aluminium
___
Question 15.
Which metal is more reactive: Iron or zinc?
Answer:
Zinc
Question 16.
Which metal is less reactive: Copper or zinc?
Answer:
Copper
Question 17.
Name one metal which does not react with dilute
hydrochloric acid.
Answer:
Copper
Question 18.
Whose oxides are basic in nature: Metal or non-
metal?
Answer:
Metal
Question 19.
Whose oxides are acidic: Metal or non-metal?
Answer:
Non-metal
Question 20.
Name two metals which do not react with oxygen
even at high temperature.
Answer:
Gold and silver
Question 21.
Classify the following into metals and non-metals:
Copper, iron, graphite, sulphur, aluminium, oxygen
Answer:
Metals: Copper, iron, aluminium
Non-metals: Graphite, sulphur, oxygen
Question 22.
Name two physical properties of metals.
Answer:
Malleability and sonority
Question 23.
What happens when metals react with oxygen?
Answer:
Metal oxides are formed.
Question 24.
What happens when magnesium is burnt in air?
Answer:
Magnesium burns with a white dazzling ^ame and a
white powdery magnesium oxide is formed.
Question 25.
What happens when metals react with water?
Answer:
Metals produce their hydroxides or oxides and
hydrogen.
Materials: Metals and Non-
Metals Class 8 Extra Questions
Short Answer Questions
Question 1.
What is a metal?
Answer:
Substances having characteristic properties like
malleability, ductility, sonority, conductivity, lustre, –
and solidness are called metals. For example,
aluminium, copper, zinc, iron, etc.
Question 2.
What are non-metals?
Answer:
Substances which are soft and dull, i.e., non-lustrous,
non-sonorous, non-ductile, non-malleable and poor
conductor of heat and electricity are called non-
metals. For example, oxygen, hydrogen, sulphur, etc.
Question 3.
Mention the physical properties of metals.
Answer:
Physical properties of metals are:
Malleable
Lustre
Sonorous
Ductile
Solid
Good conductor of heat and electricity
Question 4.
What are the physical properties of non-metals?
Answer:
The physical properties of non-metals are:
Non-malleable
Non-sonorous
Non-lustrous, i.e., dull in appearance
Non-ductile
Poor conductor of heat and electricity
Question 5.
Explain the term ‘malleability’ with suitable examples.
Answer:
Malleability is the property of metals due to which
they can be beaten into thin sheets. For example, if
we beat or hammer any metal like aluminium, zinc,
iron, copper, etc., it become longer and larger but
does not break. Thin sheets can be obtained by this
process.
Question 6.
What is ductility? Explain with examples.
Answer:
Ductility is one of the properties of metals due to
which they can be drawn into wires. For example,
aluminium and copper are drawn into wires and used
for electrical and different purposes.
Question 7.
Why aluminium is used for wrapping of food items?
Answer:
Aluminium is a metal and hence possesses
malleability property. It can be beaten into thin sheets
and can be folded into any shape. It is cheaper than
other malleable metals and does not react with food
items. That is why it is used as wrapping materials
for food items.
Question 8.
Why metals are used in ringing bells?
Answer:
Metals have sonority. Due to this property, they can
produce ringing sounds. That is why metals are used
in ringing bells.
Question 9.
What are the differences between metals and non-
metals? Explain on the basis of their physical
properties.
Answer:
Metals are malleable and give thin sheets after
hammering whereas non-metals are brittle and
give no sheets.
Metals are ductile and can be drawn into wires
whereas non-metals are non-ductile and can’t
be drawn into wires.
Metals are sonorous and used in ringing bells
whereas non-metals are non-sonorous and
cannot be used in ringing bells.
Metals are good conductors of heat and
electricity while non-metals are poor
conductors.
Question 10.
What happen when a copper vessel is exposed to
moist air for long? Also write the equation.
Answer:
When a copper vessel is exposed to moist air for
long, it acquires a dull green coating. This green
material is a mixture of copper hydroxide [Cu(OH)2]
and copper carbonate (CuC03). The reaction is as
follows:
Question 11.
What happens when a magnesium ribbon is heated
in presence of air?
Answer:
When a magnesium ribbon is heated in presence of
air, it burns with a white dazzling ^ame and a white
powdery magnesium oxide is formed.
Question 12.
How do metals and non-metals react with water?
Answer:
Metals produce their hydroxides or oxides and
hydrogen when they react with water. Sodium and
potassium react with cold water along with the
production of a large amount of heat. Magnesium
react with boiling water and iron with steam. Gold,
silver and platinum do not react with water. Non-
metals do not react with water.
Question 13.
With the help of equations, explain the reaction of
non-metals with oxygen.
Answer:
Non-metals react with oxygen to form acidic oxides.
But most of the non-metals reacts with oxygen on
ignition. The equations follow as:
Question 14.
How do metals and non-metals react with acids?
Answer:
Metals react with acids to form respective salts
along with evolution of hydrogen gas that burns with
a pop sound. The equation are as follows:
There are some metals like copper, silver, gold and
platinum that do not liberate hydrogen with acids.
Generally, non-metals do not react with acids.
Question 15.
How do metals and non-metals react with bases?
Answer:
Most of the metals do not react with bases. However,
some metals like aluminium, lead and zinc react with
strong bases like sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to make
complex salts and hydrogen.
Generally, non-metals do not react with bases.
Sometimes some complex reactions take place
between non-metals and bases.
Question 16.
What is a displacement reaction? Give one example.
Answer:
A chemical reaction in which a more reactive metal
displaces a less reactive metal is called displacement
, reaction. For example, when zinc (Zn) reacts with
copper sulphate (CuS04), zinc replaces copper being
it more reactive than copper. The equation is
Zn + CuSO4 → ZnSO4 + Cu
Materials: Metals and Non-
Metals Class 8 Extra Questions
Long Answer Questions
Question 1.
Distinguish between metals and non-metals on the
basis of their physical properties.
or
Compare the physical properties of metals and non-
metals.
Answer:
Difference between metals and non-metals on the
basis of their physical properties.
Question 2.
Distinguish between metals and non-metals on the
basis of their chemical properties.
or
Compare between metals and non-metals on the
basis of their chemical properties.
Answer:
Difference between metals and non-metals on the
basis of their chemical properties.
Question 3.
Explain chemical properties of metals with examples.
Answer:
(i) Reaction with oxygen or air: Metals react with
oxygen to form basic oxides.
Some metals like potassium and sodium react
vigorously with oxygen. For example,
Some noble metals like gold, silver and platinum do
not react with oxygen. Iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) get
rusted when react in presence of oxygen and water
(moist air).
(ii) Reaction with water: Metals react with water to
form their oxides or hydroxides. Gold, silver and
platinum do not react with water. Some metals like
sodium, potassium react vigorously with water. For
example,
(iii) Reaction with acids: Metals react with acid to
form their salts followed by evolution of hydrogen
gas. For example,
Some metals like gold, copper, silver, etc., do not
liberate hydrogen gas with acids.
(iv) Reaction with bases: Most of the metals do not
react with bases. However some metals like alu-
minium, zinc and lead react with strong bases like
sodium hydroxide to make complex salts and
produce hydrogen.
(v) Displacement reactions: More reactive metals
displace less reactive metals. For example,
In the above reactions, zinc (Zn) and magnesium
(Mg) are more reactive than copper (Cu), hence they
replace copper from its solution.
Question 4.
Explain with suitable examples the chemical
properties of non-metals.
Answer:
(i) Reaction with oxygen: Non-metals react with
oxygen to form acidic oxides. But most of them do
this on ignition. For example,
