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The document presents the proceedings of the 17th Australasian Data Mining Conference (AusDM 2019) held in Adelaide, Australia, from December 2 to 5, 2019. It includes details about the conference's history, the number of submissions, acceptance rates, and acknowledgments to contributors and organizers. The proceedings highlight the conference's role in advancing research and collaboration in the field of data mining.

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Data Mining 17th Australasian Conference AusDM 2019 Adelaide SA Australia December 2 5 2019 Proceedings Thuc D. Le PDF Available

The document presents the proceedings of the 17th Australasian Data Mining Conference (AusDM 2019) held in Adelaide, Australia, from December 2 to 5, 2019. It includes details about the conference's history, the number of submissions, acceptance rates, and acknowledgments to contributors and organizers. The proceedings highlight the conference's role in advancing research and collaboration in the field of data mining.

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Thuc D. Le · Kok-Leong Ong ·
Yanchang Zhao · Warren H. Jin ·
Sebastien Wong · Lin Liu ·
Graham Williams (Eds.)

Communications in Computer and Information Science 1127

Data Mining
17th Australasian Conference, AusDM 2019
Adelaide, SA, Australia, December 2–5, 2019
Proceedings
Communications
in Computer and Information Science 1127
Commenced Publication in 2007
Founding and Former Series Editors:
Phoebe Chen, Alfredo Cuzzocrea, Xiaoyong Du, Orhun Kara, Ting Liu,
Krishna M. Sivalingam, Dominik Ślęzak, Takashi Washio, Xiaokang Yang,
and Junsong Yuan

Editorial Board Members


Simone Diniz Junqueira Barbosa
Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio),
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Joaquim Filipe
Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, Setúbal, Portugal
Ashish Ghosh
Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India
Igor Kotenko
St. Petersburg Institute for Informatics and Automation of the Russian
Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
Lizhu Zhou
Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/7899
Thuc D. Le Kok-Leong Ong Yanchang Zhao
• • •

Warren H. Jin Sebastien Wong Lin Liu


• • •

Graham Williams (Eds.)

Data Mining
17th Australasian Conference, AusDM 2019
Adelaide, SA, Australia, December 2–5, 2019
Proceedings

123
Editors
Thuc D. Le Kok-Leong Ong
School of Information Technology La Trobe University
and Mathematical Sciences Melbourne, Australia
University of South Australia
Adelaide, Australia Warren H. Jin
CSIRO Scientific Computing
Yanchang Zhao Canberra, Australia
CSIRO Scientific Computing
Canberra, Australia Lin Liu
School of Information Technology
Sebastien Wong and Mathematical Sciences
Consilium Technology University of South Australia
Adelaide, Australia Adelaide, Australia
Graham Williams
Microsoft Proprietary Limited
Singapore, Singapore

ISSN 1865-0929 ISSN 1865-0937 (electronic)


Communications in Computer and Information Science
ISBN 978-981-15-1698-6 ISBN 978-981-15-1699-3 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1699-3
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019
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Preface

It is our great pleasure to present the proceedings of the 17th Australasian Data Mining
Conference (AusDM 2019) held at the University of South Australia, Adelaide, during
December 2–5, 2019.
The AusDM conference series first started in 2002 as a workshop initiated by Prof.
Simeon Simoff, Dr. Graham Williams, and Prof. Markus Hegland. Over the years,
AusDM has established itself as the premier Australasian meeting for both practitioners
and researchers in data mining. AusDM is devoted to the art and science of intelligent
analysis of (usually big) data sets for meaningful (and previously unknown) insights.
Since AusDM 2002, the conference series has showcased research in data mining,
providing a forum for presenting and discussing the latest research and developments.
Built on this tradition, AusDM 2019 has successfully facilitated the
cross-disciplinary exchange of ideas, experiences, and potential research directions,
and pushed forward the frontiers of data mining in academia, government, and
industry.
AusDM 2019 received altogether 54 valid submissions, with authors from 16 dif-
ferent countries. The top 5 countries, in terms of the number of authors who submitted
papers to AusDM 2019, were Australia (71 authors), China (18 authors), India (14
authors), New Zealand (11 authors), and Germany (5 authors). All submissions went
through the double-blind review process, and each paper received at least three peer
review reports. Additional reviewers were considered for a clear review outcome, if
review comments from the initial three reviewers were inconclusive.
Out of these 54 submissions, a total of 20 papers were finally accepted for publi-
cation. The overall acceptance rate for AusDM 2019 was 37%. Out of the 34 Research
Track submissions, 11 papers (i.e. 32%) were accepted for publication. Out of the 17
submissions in the Application Track, 8 papers (i.e. 47%) were accepted for publica-
tion. Out of the 3 submissions in the Industry Showcase Track, 1 paper (i.e. 33%) was
accepted for publication. All the papers from the Industry Showcase Track were invited
for oral presentation.
The AusDM 2019 Organizing Committee would like to give their special thanks to
Prof. Albert Bifet, Prof. Anton van den Hengel, Dr. Dale Lambert, Prof. Kate
Smith-Miles, and Prof. Xin Yao for kindly accepting the invitation to give keynote
speeches, and to Dr. Mingming Gong, Dr. Sarah Erfani, Dr. Xingjun Ma, and Ehsan
Abbasnejad for organizing and presenting the tutorials. The committee would also like
to give their sincere thanks to the University of South Australia for providing admin
support and the conference venue ensuring the organization of a successful event. The
committee would also like to thank Springer CCIS and the Editorial Board for their
acceptance to publish AusDM 2019 papers. This will give excellent exposure of the
papers accepted for publication. We would also like to give our heartfelt thanks to all
student and staff volunteers at the University of South Australia who did a tremendous
vi Preface

job. Last but not least, we would like to give our sincere thanks to all delegates for
attending the conference this year and we hope you enjoyed AusDM 2019.

December 2019 Thuc D. Le


Yanchang Zhao
Sebastien Wong
Warren H. Jin
Kok-Leong Ong
Lin Liu
Graham Williams
Organization

Organization Committee

Conference Chairs
Lin Liu University of South Australia, Australia
Graham Williams Microsoft, Singapore

Program Chairs
Thuc Le University of South Australia, Australia
Yanchang Zhao Data61, CSIRO, Australia
Warren Jin Data61, CSIRO, Australia
Sebastien Wong Consilium Technology, Australia

Proceedings Chair
Kok-Leong Ong La Trobe University, Australia

Publicity Chair
Yee Ling Boo RMIT University, Australia

Organizing Chairs
Wolfgang Mayer University of South Australia, Australia
Cristina Garcia University of South Australia, Australia

Sponsorship Chair
Michael Bewong University of South Australia, Australia

Web Master
Vu Viet Hoang Pham University of South Australia, Australia

Steering Committee Chairs


Simeon Simoff University of Western Sydney, Australia
Graham Williams Microsoft, Australia

Steering Committee Members


Peter Christen The Australian National University, Australia
Ling Chen University of Technology Sydney, Australia
Zahid Islam Charles Sturt University, Australia
viii Organization

Paul Kennedy University of Technology Sydney, Australia


Yun Sing Koh The University of Auckland, New Zealand
Jiuyong (John) Li University of South Australia, Australia
Richi Nayak Queensland University of Technology, Australia
Kok–Leong Ong La Trobe University, Australia
Dharmendra Sharma University of Canberra, Australia
Glenn Stone Western Sydney University, Australia
Yanchang Zhao Data61, CSIRO, Australia

Program Committee
Research Track
Xuan-Hong Dang IBM T.J. Watson, USA
Philippe Fournier-Viger Harbin Institute of Technology, China
Ashad Kabir Charles Sturt University, Australia
Yun Sing Koh The University of Auckland, New Zealand
Gang Li Deakin University, Australia
Cheng Li Deakin University, Australia
Kewen Liao Charles Darwin University, Australia
Brad Malin Vanderbilt University, USA
Wolfgang Mayer University of South Australia, Australia
Veelasha Moonsamy Deakin University, Australia
Muhammad Marwan Coventry University, UK
Muhammad Fuad
Quang Vinh Nguyen Western Sydney University, Australia
Hien Nguyen La Trobe University, Australia
Xuan-Hoai Nguyen AI Academy, Vietnam
Dang Nguyen Deakin University, Australia
Ninh Pham The University of Auckland, New Zealand
Jianzhong Qi The University of Melbourne, Australia
Yongrui Qin University of Huddersfield, UK
Mohammad Saiedur RMIT University, Australia
Rahaman
Md Anisur Rahman Charles Sturt University, Australia
Md Geaur Rahman Charles Sturt University, Australia
Azizur Rahman Charles Sturt University, Australia
Jia Rong Victoria University, Australia
Dharmendra Sharma University of Canberra, Australia
Xiaohui Tao University of Southern Queensland, Australia
Dhananjay Thiruvady Monash University, Australia
Truyen Tran Deakin University, Australia
Sitalakshmi Venkatraman Melbourne Polytechnic, Australia
Bay Vo HUTECH, Vietnam
Kui Yu Hefei University of Technology, China
Rui Zhang The University of Melbourne, Australia
Organization ix

Application Track
Hadi Akbarzadeh Khorshidi The University of Melbourne, Australia
Nathan Brewer Department of Human Services, Australia
Yonghua Cen Nanjing University of Science and Technology, China
Adriel Cheng Defence Science and Technology Group, Australia
Lianhua Chi La Trobe University, Australia
Yingsong Hu Department of Social Services, Australia
Ashad Kabir Charles Sturt University, Australia
Susie Kluth Department of Social Services, Australia
Dipangkar Kundu Department of Agriculture and Water Resources,
Australia
Sherry Li Australian Trade and Investment Commission,
Australian
Jin Li Geoscience Australia, Australia
Bin Liang University of Technology Sydney, Australia
Chao Luo Department of Health, Australia
Simona Adriana Mihaita University of Technology Sydney, Australia
Khoa Nguyen CSIRO, Australia
Shirui Pan University of Technology Sydney, Australia
Clifton Phua DataRobot, Singapore
Munir Shah AgResearch, New Zealand
Yanfeng Shu CSIRO, Australia
Meina Song Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,
China
Ronnie Taib CSIRO, Australia
Dinusha Vatsalan CSIRO, Australia
Stephen Wan CSIRO, Australia
Hongzhi Yin The University of Queensland, Australia
Huaifeng Zhang Department of Human Services, Australia

Industry Showcase Track


Rohan Baxter Australian Taxation Office, Australia
Richard Gao Department of Health, Australia
Warwick Graco Australian Taxation Office, Australia
Marcus Suresh Department of Industry, Australia
x Organization

Additional Reviewers

Bayu Distiawan Federico Montori


Steven Edwards Do-Van Nguyen
Atabak Elmi Andrew Perrykkad
Warwick Graco Su, Yixin Su
Haripriya Harikumar Kaibing Wang
Jiayuan He Qinyong Wang
Peter Hough Xiaojie Wang
Xinting Huang Yuandong Wang
Yinhao Jiang Khin Nandar Win
Xiaomei Li Theodor Wyeld
Zhaolong Ling Shuai Yang
Guanli Liu Yihong Zhang
Zhigang Lu
Contents

Research Track

Improving Clustering via a Fine-Grained Parallel Genetic Algorithm


with Information Sharing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Storm Bartlett and Md Zahidul Islam

A Learning Approach for Ill-Posed Optimisation Problems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16


Jörg Frochte and Stephen Marsland

Topic Representation using Semantic-Based Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28


Dakshi Kapugama Geeganage, Yue Xu, and Yuefeng Li

Outlier Detection Based Accurate Geocoding of Historical Addresses . . . . . . 41


Nishadi Kirielle, Peter Christen, and Thilina Ranbaduge

SPDF: Set Probabilistic Distance Features for Prediction of Population


Health Outcomes via Social Media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Hung Nguyen, Duc Thanh Nguyen, and Thin Nguyen

Estimating County Health Indices Using Graph Neural Networks . . . . . . . . . 64


Hung Nguyen, Duc Thanh Nguyen, and Thin Nguyen

Joint Sequential Data Prediction with Multi-stream Stacked


LSTM Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Nguyen Thanh Toan, Orçun Gümüş, Nguyen Thanh Tam,
Nguyen Quoc Viet Hung, Rene Hexel, and Jun Jo

Show Me Your Friends and I’ll Tell You Who You Are. Finding
Anomalous Time Series by Conspicuous Cluster Transitions . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Martha Tatusch, Gerhard Klassen, Marcus Bravidor, and Stefan Conrad

Applying Softmax Classifiers to Open Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104


Darren Webb

An Efficient Risk Data Learning with LSTM RNN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116


Ka Yee Wong and Raymond K. Wong

Using Transfer Learning to Detect Phishing in Countries


with a Small Population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Wernsen Wong, Yun Sing Koh, and Gillian Dobbie
xii Contents

Application Track

Classifying Imbalanced Road Accident Data Using Recurring


Concept Drift . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Robert Anderson, Yun Sing Koh, and Gillian Dobbie

Interpretability of Machine Learning Solutions in Industrial


Decision Engineering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
Inna Kolyshkina and Simeon Simoff

Customer Wallet Share Estimation for Manufacturers


Based on Transaction Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Xiang Li, Ali Shemshadi, Łukasz P. Olech, and Zbigniew Michalewicz

Curtailing the Tax Leakages by Nabbing Return Defaulters


in Taxation System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Priya Mehta, Jithin Mathews, Sandeep Kumar, K. Suryamukhi,
and Ch Sobhan Babu

Network Path Estimation in Uncertain Data via Entity Resolution . . . . . . . . . 196


Dean Philp, Naomi Chan, and Wolfgang Mayer

Interactive Deep Metric Learning for Healthcare Cohort Discovery . . . . . . . . 208


Yang Wang, Guodong Long, Xueping Peng, Allison Clarke,
Robin Stevenson, and Leah Gerrard

Data Replication Optimization Using Simulated Annealing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222


Chee Keong Wee and Richi Nayak

Readiness of Smartphones for Data Collection and Data Mining


with an Example Application in Mental Health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
Darren Yates and Md. Zahidul Islam

Industry Showcase

Predictive Analytics for Tertiary Learners in New Zealand Who Are


at Risk of Dropping Out of Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
Wenying Xu, Scott Luo, Stephanie Hacksley, Tim Trewinnard,
Stuart Cambridge, and Syen Jien Nik

Author Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257


Research Track
Improving Clustering via a Fine-Grained
Parallel Genetic Algorithm
with Information Sharing

Storm Bartlett(B) and Md Zahidul Islam

School of Computing and Mathematics, Charles Sturt University,


Bathurst 2795, Australia
{sbartlett,zislam}@csu.edu.au

Abstract. Clustering is a very common unsupervised machine learn-


ing task, used to organise datasets into groups that can provide useful
insight. Genetic algorithms (GAs) are often applied to the task of clus-
tering as they are effective at finding viable solutions to optimization
problems. Parallel genetic algorithms (PGAs) are an existing approach
that maximizes the effectiveness of GAs by making them run in parallel
with multiple independent subpopulations. Each subpopulation can also
communicate by exchanging information throughout the genetic process,
enhancing their overall effectiveness. PGAs offer greater performance by
mitigating some of the weaknesses of GAs. Firstly, having multiple sub-
populations enable the algorithm to more widely explore the solution
space. This can reduce the probability of converging to poor-quality
local optima, while increasing the chance of finding high-quality local
optima. Secondly, PGAs offer improved execution time, as each sub-
population is processed in parallel on separate threads. Our technique
advances an existing GA-based method called GenClust++, by employ-
ing a PGA along with a novel information sharing technique. We also
compare our technique with 2 alternative information sharing functions,
as well with no information sharing. On 5 commonly researched datasets,
our approach consistently yields improved cluster quality and a markedly
reduced runtime compared to GenClust++.

Keywords: Genetic algorithm · Clustering · K-Means · Parallel


genetic algorithm · Data mining · Machine learning

1 Introduction

Technological progress in recent decades has resulted in the rapid generation


and availability of large quantities of data and meta-data in many domains [1].
The challenge of manually deducing clear conclusions from vast stores of data
is becoming increasingly more challenging and relevant in today’s information-
rich world. This explains the accelerating demand for effective and efficent data
mining techniques. Clustering has many current and relevant application areas,
c Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019
T. D. Le et al. (Eds.): AusDM 2019, CCIS 1127, pp. 3–15, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1699-3_1
4 S. Bartlett and Md. Z. Islam

such as machine learning, image subdivision, corporate enterprise, social net-


works, medical photography and object identification [2].
K-Means is one of the most popular (unsupervised) clustering algorithms,
with several key disadvantages including:

1. Requires the k − value (number of clusters) as input. This is impractical


for many users to know in advance and often results in them making an
inaccurate guess.
2. It is sensitive to initial seeds that are selected randomly.
3. Its simple hill-climber method for its objective function mean it converges
upon local optima, and hence often yields low-quality clusters.

Thus, there exists a demand for clustering approaches that are both sim-
ple and avoidant of the pitfalls of K-Means [3], as well as those that actively
take advantage of the increasing availability of multiprocessor and/or multicore
systems.

1.1 Parallel Genetic Algorithms (PGAs)

Derived from Darwin’s Theory of Evolution, genetic algorithms (GAs) are inher-
ently parallel, specifically with regard to their data processing requirements [4].
Our research efforts focus on having separately evolving populations
(subpopulations), that are each processed on their own thread. Each subpopu-
lation contains a collection of chromosomes, where each chromosome represents
a full clustering solution (see Figs. 1 and 2) for a particular k − value, where k is
the number of clusters. That is, each chromosome is a collection of cluster cen-
troids, where each centroid is called a gene. Each gene has the same attributes
as a data point (or record) of the dataset. Note that in the graphs below, all
points in each enclosed region around each centroid belong to whatever centroid
is in that region. This collection of clusters make up the complete chromosome.

A B B
X Y X
C D D

Fig. 1. Chromosome 1 Fig. 2. Chromosome 2 Fig. 3. Chromosome 3

PGAs can share information between subpopulations as they evolve to


enhance their overall ability to find high-quality solutions to optimization prob-
lems. For our particular PGA-based approach, ParallelClust, information shar-
ing occurs periodically (i.e. every X generations) replacing each subpopulation’s
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